Diversity and Distributions最新文献_第3页

Low Migratory Connectivity and Use of Multiple Non-Breeding Sites in American Golden-Plovers Breeding Across the Nearctic Tundra 美洲金鸻在新北极苔原上的低迁徙连通性和多个非繁殖地的使用

IF 4.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Diversity and Distributions

Pub Date : 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1111/ddi.70126

Jean-François Lamarre, Gilles Gauthier, Richard B. Lanctot, Sarah T. Saalfeld, Oliver P. Love, Eric T. Reed, Oscar W. Johnson, Joe Liebezeit, Rebecca McGuire, Mike Russell, Erica Nol, Laura Koloski, Felicia Sanders, Laura McKinnon, Paul A. Smith, Scott A. Flemming, Stephen C. Brown, Nicolas Lecomte, Marie-Andrée Giroux, Silke Bauer, Tamara Emmenegger, Joël Bêty

Aim

Many populations of migratory birds are currently declining. Understanding space use throughout the entire annual cycle, as well as migratory connectivity (i.e., geographic linkage of individuals and populations across different stages of the annual cycle), can improve our ability to identify factors driving population declines and influencing extinction risk. The main objectives of our study were to (i) document the space use and phenology of migration during the non-breeding period and (ii) quantify the degree of migratory connectivity across the range of the American Golden-Plover (Pluvialis dominica) breeding across the North American Arctic.

Location

American Golden-Plovers that breed across their entire breeding range (northern North America) and migrate up to their main wintering site located in South America.

Methods

We used archival light-level geolocators to track the migration. We quantified migratory connectivity based on the non-breeding range spread of all individuals and the breeding population spread. We used Mantel tests to evaluate whether the relative spatial configuration of the sampled breeding area was preserved on the non-breeding ground.

Results

We identified 13 and 7 stopover sites used during the fall (post-breeding, southbound) and spring (pre-breeding, northbound) migrations, respectively, and one main site used during the wintering period. We highlight stopover sites that were previously unknown and show the transatlantic and transpacific routes used by plovers during migration. We found that individuals breeding in proximity tended to be closer to each other during brief and highly limited portions of the non-breeding period. Broadly, individuals from different breeding populations were well mixed during the wintering period and throughout most of the spring and fall migrations.

Main Conclusions

Overall, the migratory connectivity of American Golden-Plovers is relatively low for most of the non-breeding period, suggesting that breeding populations separated by large distances should be similarly affected by disturbances and changes encountered at some migratory stopovers and in the wintering area.

许多候鸟的数量目前正在减少。了解整个年周期的空间利用情况，以及迁徙连通性（即个体和种群在年周期不同阶段的地理联系），可以提高我们识别驱动种群下降和影响灭绝风险因素的能力。本研究的主要目的是(i)记录非繁殖期迁徙的空间利用和物候；（ii）量化北美北极地区美洲金鸻（Pluvialis dominica）繁殖范围内迁徙连通性的程度。美洲金鸻在其整个繁殖地（北美洲北部）繁殖，并迁移到位于南美洲的主要越冬地点。方法利用档案光学定位仪对迁徙进行跟踪。我们根据所有个体的非繁殖范围扩展和繁殖种群扩展来量化迁徙连通性。采用Mantel试验评价了取样的繁殖区在非繁殖地的相对空间格局是否得以保留。结果在秋季（繁殖后南行）和春季（繁殖前北行）迁徙中分别确定了13个和7个中途停留点，在冬季有1个主要的中途停留点。我们突出了以前不为人知的中途停留地点，并展示了鸻在迁徙过程中使用的跨大西洋和跨太平洋路线。我们发现，在非繁殖期的短暂和高度有限的部分，邻近繁殖的个体倾向于彼此更接近。从总体上看，不同繁殖种群的个体在冬季和春季和秋季的大部分迁徙期间混合良好。总体而言，美洲金鸻在大部分非繁殖期的迁徙连通性相对较低，这表明在一些迁徙中途站和越冬区遇到的干扰和变化可能对距离较远的繁殖种群产生类似的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Climate Change Will Resize and Reshape Plant–Hummingbird Networks in the Atlantic Forest 气候变化将调整和重塑大西洋森林中的植物-蜂鸟网络

IF 4.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Diversity and Distributions

Pub Date : 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1111/ddi.70134

Alejandro Restrepo-González, Thais B. Zanata, Fernanda T. Brum, Silvana Buzato, Catherine H. Graham, Joice Iamara-Nogueira, Isabela G. Varassin

Aim

To assess how climate change could reshape plant–hummingbird interaction networks in the Atlantic Forest by predicting shifts in species co-occurrence and evaluating changes in network structure.

Location

Atlantic Forest, South America.

Methods

We used ecological niche modelling to predict changes in the co-occurrence of plants and hummingbirds under climate change scenarios. Modelled networks were analysed to compare network metrics, such as network size, number of links, niche overlap and robustness, between present and future conditions. We also simulated species extinctions to assess network resilience.

Results

Future local networks showed lower species richness, reduced size, fewer links and shared partners, increased niche overlap and decreased robustness. While network robustness improved under simulated plant and secondary hummingbird extinctions, future networks exhibited reduced resilience to species loss. Plants had higher niche overlap than hummingbirds, making them more vulnerable to secondary extinctions driven by hummingbird losses.

Main Conclusions

Climate change is expected to drive shifts in species co-occurrence, leading to novel assemblages and structural changes in plant–hummingbird interaction networks. These alterations will likely decrease network robustness and resilience, highlighting potential cascading effects on ecosystem function. Our findings contribute to understanding the impacts of climate change on mutualistic networks and ecosystem stability in the Atlantic Forest and beyond.

目的通过预测物种共现的变化和评估网络结构的变化，评估气候变化如何重塑大西洋森林植物-蜂鸟相互作用网络。地理位置：大西洋森林，南美洲。方法利用生态位模型预测气候变化情景下植物与蜂鸟共生的变化。建模网络进行了分析，以比较网络指标，如网络规模，链接数量，利基重叠和鲁棒性，在目前和未来的条件。我们还模拟了物种灭绝来评估网络的弹性。结果未来局域网络的物种丰富度降低、规模缩小、连接和共享伙伴减少、生态位重叠增加、鲁棒性下降。虽然在模拟植物和次生蜂鸟灭绝的情况下，网络的鲁棒性有所提高，但未来的网络对物种损失的恢复能力有所降低。植物比蜂鸟有更高的生态位重叠，这使得它们更容易受到蜂鸟损失导致的二次灭绝的影响。气候变化将推动物种共现的转变，导致植物-蜂鸟相互作用网络的新组合和结构变化。这些变化可能会降低网络的稳健性和弹性，突出了对生态系统功能的潜在级联效应。我们的发现有助于理解气候变化对大西洋森林及其他地区互惠网络和生态系统稳定性的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Modelling the Fundamental Niche to Predict the Effects of Climate Warming on Interactions Between Native and Invasive Mussels in South Africa 建立基本生态位模型以预测气候变暖对南非本地贻贝和入侵贻贝相互作用的影响

IF 4.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Diversity and Distributions

Pub Date : 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1111/ddi.70135

Cristián J. Monaco, Christopher D. McQuaid

<div> <section> <h3> Aim</h3> <p>Climate change is reshuffling the distribution of species globally and threatening to modify the structure and functioning of natural and managed ecosystems. Most studies predicting species distributions rely on statistical approaches that do not capture the species' fundamental niche. In contrast, energy budget models include lethal and sublethal levels of stress to explore traits, such as growth and reproduction, that drive ecological responses. We used models parameterised for two competing intertidal mussels, the native <i>Perna perna</i> and the invasive <i>Mytilus galloprovincialis</i>, to investigate their current and projected distributions.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Location</h3> <p>South African rocky shores.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Taxa</h3> <p>Mussels, <i>Mytilus galloprovincialis</i> and <i>Perna perna</i>.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>We used previously parameterised dynamic energy budget (DEB) models. Model predictions were validated using a 2-year dataset describing current conditions (body temperature and chlorophyll-<i>a</i> concentration) and fitness-related traits (growth and reproductive effort) at nine sites: three western sites inhabited by <i>Mytilus</i> alone, three eastern sites occupied by <i>Perna</i> and three southern sites where the species coexist. We then tested the effects of three climate change scenarios on the model predictions of maximum size, growth rate and gonadosomatic index around South Africa.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>Current spatial patterns are likely to be maintained until the century's end, and the physiological mechanisms presently excluding <i>Mytilus</i> from the east coast (impaired growth due to food limitation) and <i>Perna</i> from the west coast (impaired reproduction due to cold temperatures), will continue to operate until the end of the century. Our model also revealed a possible change in the competitive hierarchy between these species as warming will favour the reproductive potential of <i>Perna</i> more than that of <i>Mytilus</i>.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusion</h3> <p>Our approach of exploring the fundamental niche rather than using a statistical approach suggests that the effects of projected temperature conditions on the distributions of these species will be less severe than expected.</p>

气候变化正在改变全球物种的分布，并威胁着自然和人工管理的生态系统的结构和功能。大多数预测物种分布的研究都依赖于统计方法，而这些方法并没有捕捉到物种的基本生态位。相比之下，能量收支模型包括致死和亚致死水平的压力，以探索驱动生态反应的性状，如生长和繁殖。我们使用了两种相互竞争的潮间带贻贝（本地的Perna Perna和入侵的Mytilus galloprovincialis）的参数化模型来调查它们目前和预计的分布。地点：南非的岩石海岸。贻贝分类群，贻贝和贻贝。方法采用先前的参数化动态能量收支（DEB）模型。利用描述九个地点的现状（体温和叶绿素-a浓度）和健康相关特征（生长和繁殖努力）的2年数据集对模型预测进行了验证：三个西部地点为Mytilus单独居住，三个东部地点为Perna居住，三个南部地点为该物种共存。然后，我们测试了三种气候变化情景对模型预测的最大尺寸、生长速度和促性腺指数的影响。结果目前的空间格局可能会维持到本世纪末，目前排除东海岸Mytilus（由于食物限制导致生长受损）和西海岸Perna（由于低温导致繁殖受损）的生理机制将继续运作到本世纪末。我们的模型还揭示了这些物种之间竞争等级的可能变化，因为变暖将更有利于Perna而不是Mytilus的繁殖潜力。结论我们采用的基本生态位探索方法，而不是采用统计方法，表明预估温度条件对这些物种分布的影响比预期的要小。

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引用次数: 0

Frequent Flooding Drives Regional-Scale Homogenization of Riparian Soil Microbial Communities in the Three Gorges Reservoir 频繁洪水驱动三峡库区河岸土壤微生物群落区域尺度同质化

IF 4.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Diversity and Distributions

Pub Date : 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1111/ddi.70132

Dandan Yang, Hao Liao, Orpheus M. Butler, Yu Gong, Siyue Li, Chen Ye, Quanfa Zhang

<div> <section> <h3> Aim</h3> <p>This study aimed to investigate how frequent flooding events of varying intensities influence soil microbial diversity, community composition, and assembly processes in riparian ecosystems, with a focus on understanding the underlying mechanisms driving these responses.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Location</h3> <p>Fifteen riparian sites were selected along a ~600 km section of the Three Gorges Reservoir in central China.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>Soil and vegetation samples were collected from sites experiencing different flooding intensities. Microbial α- and β-diversity, community structure, and functional composition were assessed using high-throughput sequencing; community assembly mechanisms were analysed using null model approaches, microbial communities and diversity were linked to soil physicochemical and vegetation characteristics.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>Despite an approximately 6% increase in microbial α-diversity under high intensity flooding, both community heterogeneity (β-diversity) and network complexity significantly declined, with the flooding effects being weaker for fungi than for bacteria. These changes in the microbial community were associated with alterations in soil properties and vegetation, which intensified with more severe flooding. Bacterial community assembly shifted toward stronger heterogeneous selection under high intensity flooding, indicating altered ecological processes. By contrast, assembly processes of the fungal community were dominated by dispersal limitation and were unaffected by the frequent flooding. Bacterial functional group composition shifted significantly with flooding intensity, with high-intensity flooding increasing the abundance of microbial functional groups associated with nitrogen cycling (anammox), carbon cycling (methanol oxidation, methylotrophy, and fermentation), and sulfur cycling (dark sulfide oxidation and dark oxidation of sulfur compounds).</p> </section> <section> <h3> Main Conclusions</h3> <p>At the regional scale, flooding promoted the homogenization of riparian soil microorganisms, especially for the bacterial community, by enhancing environmental filtering and reducing dispersal limitation. The findings highlight the vulnerability of riparian ecosystems to hydrological changes and provide a framework for predicting microbial responses to flooding in riverine landscapes worldwide. Conservation strategi

本研究旨在探讨不同强度的频繁洪水事件如何影响河岸生态系统中土壤微生物多样性、群落组成和组装过程，并重点了解驱动这些响应的潜在机制。在三峡库区中部约600公里的河段上选择了15个河岸点。方法在不同洪涝灾害发生地点采集土壤和植被样本。利用高通量测序技术评估微生物α-和β-多样性、群落结构和功能组成；利用零模型方法分析了群落组装机制，微生物群落和多样性与土壤理化和植被特征有关。结果在高强度洪水处理下，群落α-多样性增加约6%，但群落异质性（β-多样性）和网络复杂性均显著下降，且真菌的洪水效应弱于细菌。微生物群落的这些变化与土壤性质和植被的变化有关，这种变化随着洪水的加剧而加剧。在高强度洪水条件下，细菌群落向异质性选择方向转变，表明生态过程发生了改变。相比之下，真菌群落的组装过程受扩散限制支配，不受频繁洪水的影响。细菌官能团组成随着淹水强度的变化而发生显著变化，高强度的淹水增加了与氮循环（厌氧氨氧化）、碳循环（甲醇氧化、甲基化和发酵）和硫循环（暗硫化物氧化和硫化合物暗氧化）相关的微生物官能团的丰度。在区域尺度上，洪水通过增强环境过滤和降低扩散限制，促进了河岸土壤微生物，尤其是细菌群落的均质化。这些发现突出了河岸生态系统对水文变化的脆弱性，并为预测全球河流景观中微生物对洪水的反应提供了一个框架。保护战略应考虑到这些动态，以保护流域生物多样性和功能。

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引用次数: 0

Complete Rainforest Elevational Gradient Reveals Unusual Diversity Patterns of Non-Volant Mammals in New Guinea 完整的热带雨林海拔梯度揭示了新几内亚非运动哺乳动物的不同寻常的多样性模式

IF 4.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Diversity and Distributions

Pub Date : 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1111/ddi.70127

František Vejmělka, Pierre-Henri Fabre, Matěj Lövy, Kateřina Sam, Kristofer M. Helgen, Martin Macek, Monga Drumo, Vojtech Novotny

Aim

We address a critical gap in the elevational community ecology of tropical non-volant mammals in the Australian and Oceanian zoogeographic realms. Specifically, we document alpha and beta diversity, environmental predictors and community composition of individual clades in relation to their ecology and evolutionary history along an extensive elevational gradient, for the first time in this region.

Location

Complete rainforest elevational gradient and subalpine zone of Mount Wilhelm (45–3700 masl), Papua New Guinea.

Methods

We conducted extensive sampling using traps (> 21,800 trap-nights) and collaboration with indigenous hunters across nine localities at 500 m intervals along the gradient, from lowland rainforest to subalpine grassland. The marsupial and rodent species were identified using morphological and genetic data. The community variables were correlated with key environmental variables.

Results

In total, we recorded 61 marsupial and rodent species. We reveal an unusual pattern for tropical mammals: species richness increased linearly with elevation within continuous forest, then declined sharply in the open subalpine habitat. This contrasts with the mid-elevation richness peak, evident in regional mammal fauna and also common along elevation gradients globally. Community composition was primarily associated with temperature, with a sharp faunal turnover at 1200 masl dividing the assemblages into distinct lowland and highland communities.

Main Conclusions

The novel elevational pattern challenges prevailing models and underscores the importance of integrating multiple sampling techniques including collaboration with indigenous hunters, where possible, to accurately capture the full extent of community composition. We highlight the ecological and conservation values of examining complete elevational gradients in tropical ecosystems, as a single Mt. Wilhelm transect encompasses 80% of the regional diversity of non-volant mammals. We suggest that any long rainforest elevational gradient is likely a high conservation priority.

目的我们解决了在澳大利亚和大洋洲动物地理领域热带非流浪哺乳动物的海拔群落生态学的一个关键差距。具体而言，我们首次在该地区沿着广泛的海拔梯度记录了单个枝的α和β多样性、环境预测因子和群落组成与其生态和进化历史的关系。位置：巴布亚新几内亚威廉山（Mount Wilhelm, 45-3700 masl）完整的雨林海拔梯度和亚高山地带。方法利用陷阱进行广泛采样（21800个陷阱夜），并与当地猎人合作，沿梯度分布在9个地点，从低地雨林到亚高山草原，间隔500米。利用形态学和遗传资料对有袋动物和啮齿动物进行了鉴定。群落变量与关键环境变量存在相关性。结果共捕获有袋类和啮齿动物61种。我们发现了热带哺乳动物的一个不寻常的模式：物种丰富度在连续森林中随海拔升高而线性增加，而在开阔的亚高山生境中急剧下降。这与中海拔丰富度峰值形成对比，在区域哺乳动物动物群中很明显，在全球沿海拔梯度也很常见。群落组成主要与温度有关，1200年的急剧动物更替将群落划分为明显的低地和高地群落。新的海拔格局挑战了现有的模型，并强调了整合多种采样技术的重要性，包括在可能的情况下与土著猎人合作，以准确捕获群落组成的全部范围。我们强调了研究热带生态系统完整海拔梯度的生态和保护价值，因为威廉山的一个样带包含了80%的非迁徙哺乳动物的区域多样性。我们认为，任何长海拔梯度的雨林都可能是高度优先保护的。

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引用次数: 0

When and Where Do Waterbirds Need Water? A General Approach for Inferring Candidate Restoration Areas From Spatio-Temporal Variation in Surface Water Availability 水鸟何时何地需要水？从地表水可利用性时空变化推断候选恢复区域的一般方法

IF 4.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Diversity and Distributions

Pub Date : 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.1111/ddi.70107

Lisa Partoens, Vincent Dolmans, Jeanne Bruyninckx, Evelien Deboelpaep, Nico Koedam, Bram Vanschoenwinkel

Aim

Globally, about 850 bird species depend on surface water habitats either year-round or during migration. However, large-scale analyses examining how different groups of waterbirds are associated with surface water across various regions and during different seasons are lacking. This study analyzes this relationship using high-resolution satellite imagery to determine when and where surface water and associated resources might be improved.

Location

Western Palearctic (Europe, Middle East, Northern Africa).

Methods

We correlated monthly counts of 40 waterbird species with surface water availability in the Western Palearctic at a 100 × 100 km grid cell resolution. We then identified where and when surface water or associated resources might be limiting for waterbird numbers, using waterbird count data and the most recent release of high-resolution satellite imagery from the Copernicus project.

Results

Surface water availability was higher in the East-Atlantic flyway than in the Black Sea–Mediterranean flyway, but differences were small, while bird abundances (after correction for observation effort) were comparable. The relationship between surface water and waterbird abundances was typically positive and slightly stronger in the East-Atlantic flyway. However, it was negative during summer in the northern regions, where many waterbirds breed. Correlations were stronger for ducks and other strictly wetland-dependent birds, reflecting their more exclusively aquatic feeding behaviour. Crowdedness, calculated as the number of birds per surface water area, was higher in autumn compared to spring migration.

Main Conclusions

Our results confirm that the importance of surface water availability for waterbirds varies seasonally and geographically. In addition, our maps integrating bird counts and surface water help to strategically prioritise regions where water availability could be limiting and high crowdedness implies a vulnerability for waterbirds, for example, in terms of resource competition or disease transmission. These include parts of the Iberian Peninsula, the UK, northern-central Europe, the Levant and Northern Africa.

全球约有850种鸟类全年或在迁徙期间依赖地表水栖息地。然而，在不同地区和不同季节，对不同水鸟群体如何与地表水相关联的大规模分析是缺乏的。本研究使用高分辨率卫星图像分析了这种关系，以确定何时何地可以改善地表水和相关资源。地理位置古北极西部（欧洲，中东，北非）。方法在100 × 100 km网格单元分辨率下，将古北西部40种水鸟的月计数与地表水可用性相关联。然后，我们利用水鸟数量数据和哥白尼项目最新发布的高分辨率卫星图像，确定了地表水或相关资源可能限制水鸟数量的地点和时间。结果东大西洋航路的地表水可利用性高于黑海-地中海航路，但差异不大，而鸟类丰度（经观测校正）具有可比性。地表水与水鸟丰度的关系在东大西洋航线上呈典型正相关，且关系略强。然而，在许多水鸟繁殖的北部地区，夏季是负的。鸭子和其他严格依赖湿地的鸟类的相关性更强，反映了它们更专门的水生觅食行为。以每水面面积的鸟类数量计算的拥挤度，在秋季比春季迁徙更高。研究结果表明，地表水可得性对水鸟的重要性存在季节和地理差异。此外，我们的地图整合了鸟类数量和地表水，有助于从战略上优先考虑水资源供应可能有限的地区，而高度拥挤意味着水鸟在资源竞争或疾病传播方面的脆弱性。这些地区包括伊比利亚半岛的部分地区、英国、中北部欧洲、黎凡特和北非。

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引用次数: 0

Increasing Global Expansion Speeds of Marine Invaders 海洋入侵者全球扩张速度加快

IF 4.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Diversity and Distributions

Pub Date : 2025-12-03 DOI: 10.1111/ddi.70111

Emily L. Richardson, James M. Pringle, James E. Byers

Aim

Quantifying the speed of invasive species range expansion and the mechanisms behind it is a key management goal that also informs ecological theories of spread. Byers et al. found that time since first global introduction (TSI) was the strongest predictor of non-native range size of coastal marine invertebrates relative to environmental and species traits, and species were predicted to expand on average 400 km/decade along coastlines. Here, one decade later using the same 138 marine invertebrates, we repeat that analysis and test the prediction that the average invader expansion speed was 400 km from 2014 to 2024.

Methods

Using the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), we downloaded species occurrences to estimate the non-native range size of each invader along coastlines in the northern and southern hemispheres. We calculated expansion speed as the difference between each species' 2024 range size and its 2014 range size estimated by Byers et al. We tested (Hypothesis 1) TSI is still the most important variable for explaining global invasive range size; (Hypothesis 2) Mean expansion speed is 400 km/decade; (Hypothesis 3) Expansion speed is best predicted by distributional characteristics of a species' non-native range (i.e., initial range size, initial number of coastlines occupied); and (Hypothesis 4) Expansion speeds vary across taxonomic groups.

Results

TSI was still the best predictor of non-native range size (RVI = 1, β: 0.39–0.42). However, average range expansion speed since 2014 was 3000 km/decade, ~8× the previous prediction. Species that started with large ranges and distributions across multiple coastlines exhibited the fastest expansion speeds (R² = 0.4), but there were no taxonomic patterns in expansion.

Main Conclusions

Ranges of non-native species are not at equilibrium and are still spreading rapidly, posing a challenge for coastal ecosystem management.

目的量化入侵物种范围扩张的速度及其背后的机制是一个关键的管理目标，也为传播的生态学理论提供了信息。Byers等人发现，自首次全球引进（TSI）以来的时间是沿海海洋无脊椎动物相对于环境和物种特征的非本地范围大小的最强预测因子，物种预计将沿着海岸线平均扩展400公里/十年。在这里，十年后，我们使用同样的138只海洋无脊椎动物，重复了这一分析并验证了2014年至2024年平均入侵者扩张速度为400公里的预测。方法利用全球生物多样性信息设施（GBIF）下载物种发生情况，估计南北半球海岸线上每种入侵物种的非本地范围大小。我们将扩张速度计算为每个物种2024年的范围大小与Byers等人估计的2014年范围大小之间的差异。我们检验了（假设1）TSI仍然是解释全球侵入范围大小的最重要变量；（假设2）平均膨胀速度为400 km/decade；（假设3）通过物种的非本地范围分布特征（即初始范围大小、初始海岸线数量）最能预测物种的扩张速度；（假设4）不同分类类群的扩展速度不同。结果TSI仍然是非原生范围大小的最佳预测因子（RVI = 1, β: 0.39-0.42）。然而，自2014年以来，平均范围扩张速度为3000 km/ 10年，约为先前预测的8倍。分布范围大、分布于多个海岸线的物种扩张速度最快（R2 = 0.4），但扩张没有分类学规律。非本地物种的分布范围不处于平衡状态，并仍在迅速扩大，给沿海生态系统管理带来了挑战。

{"title":"Increasing Global Expansion Speeds of Marine Invaders","authors":"Emily L. Richardson, James M. Pringle, James E. Byers","doi":"10.1111/ddi.70111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.70111","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Quantifying the speed of invasive species range expansion and the mechanisms behind it is a key management goal that also informs ecological theories of spread. Byers et al. found that time since first global introduction (TSI) was the strongest predictor of non-native range size of coastal marine invertebrates relative to environmental and species traits, and species were predicted to expand on average 400 km/decade along coastlines. Here, one decade later using the same 138 marine invertebrates, we repeat that analysis and test the prediction that the average invader expansion speed was 400 km from 2014 to 2024.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), we downloaded species occurrences to estimate the non-native range size of each invader along coastlines in the northern and southern hemispheres. We calculated expansion speed as the difference between each species' 2024 range size and its 2014 range size estimated by Byers et al. We tested (Hypothesis 1) TSI is still the most important variable for explaining global invasive range size; (Hypothesis 2) Mean expansion speed is 400 km/decade; (Hypothesis 3) Expansion speed is best predicted by distributional characteristics of a species' non-native range (i.e., initial range size, initial number of coastlines occupied); and (Hypothesis 4) Expansion speeds vary across taxonomic groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>TSI was still the best predictor of non-native range size (RVI = 1, <i>β</i>: 0.39–0.42). However, average range expansion speed since 2014 was 3000 km/decade, ~8× the previous prediction. Species that started with large ranges and distributions across multiple coastlines exhibited the fastest expansion speeds (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.4), but there were no taxonomic patterns in expansion.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ranges of non-native species are not at equilibrium and are still spreading rapidly, posing a challenge for coastal ecosystem management.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"31 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.70111","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145694979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Genomic Insights Into Diversity, Phylogeny, Hybridization and Evolutionary History of Palearctic Fish Genus Rutilus (Leuciscidae) 古北方鱼属贻贝的多样性、系统发育、杂交和进化史的基因组学研究

IF 4.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Diversity and Distributions

Pub Date : 2025-12-02 DOI: 10.1111/ddi.70124

Boris Levin, Evgeniy Simonov, Radek Šanda, Jasna Vukić, Stamatis Zogaris, Aleksey Bolotovskiy, Marina Levina, Nikolai Mugue, Namiq Mustafayev, Juha Merilä

Aim

Using a widely distributed and frequently hybridising fish (genus Rutilus) in the Palearctic as a model system, we re-evaluated a series of hypotheses on phylogeny, taxonomy, phylogeography and the role of hybridization in evolutionary history based on the first large-scale analyses of nuclear SNPs together with mtDNA data obtained from all Rutilus species.

Location

Water systems in Northern Eurasia.

Methods

Based on nuclear (ddRADseq) data, we applied phylogenomic, population genomic and introgression analyses to assess the diversity of lineages, their distribution and hybridization in the context of the hypotheses tested.

Results

We identified 22 lineages in three major clades—Rutilus s. str., Leucos and Pararutilus. High diversity of lineages was discovered, with three revived species and three novel lineages of undescribed species in Europe. Evidence for extensive mito-nuclear discordance and ongoing and past inter- and intrageneric introgressive hybridization was found in many lineages. A Caucasian relic lineage and the endangered narrow endemic species ‘Rutilus’ atropatenus were found to represent an independent lineage (Orthroleucos) with a high level of past introgression with Rutilus.

Main Conclusions

The genetic structure of Rutilus revealed by nuclear SNPs contrasts markedly with that supported by mtDNA. Numerous mito-nuclear discordances are evidence of the past secondary contacts and highlight the weakness of taxonomy based on mtDNA alone. A super-lineage of mtDNA covering the range of many European, Siberian, Caucasian, and Central Asian Rutilus species (5000 km long) is a result of introgression of mtDNA from a widespread Ponto-Caspian lineage whose distribution likely pulsed with Pleistocene glaciation cycles. Anadromous life histories may have evolved in parallel in different clades and been facilitated by hybridization. The high plasticity, adaptiveness and species diversity of the genus Rutilus may be underlined by their heterogeneous genomes resulting from extensive interspecific hybridization. However, narrow-range endemic species may be threatened by introgressive hybridization.

目的以古北区分布广泛、杂交频繁的鹦鹉螺属（Rutilus属）为模型系统，基于首次大规模核单核苷酸多态性分析和所有鹦鹉螺物种的mtDNA数据，重新评估了一系列关于系统发育、分类、系统地理学和杂交在进化史中的作用的假设。欧亚大陆北部的水系统。方法基于核（ddRADseq）数据，应用系统基因组学、群体基因组学和基因渗入分析来评估世系的多样性、分布和杂交情况。结果鉴定出rutilus s. str.、Leucos .和Pararutilus 3大支系22个支系。发现了高度多样性的谱系，在欧洲有三个复活的物种和三个未被描述的物种的新谱系。在许多谱系中发现了广泛的核分裂不一致和正在进行和过去的基因间和基因内渐进杂交的证据。发现高加索遗迹谱系和濒临灭绝的狭窄地方性物种“Rutilus”atropatenus代表了一个独立的谱系（Orthroleucos），过去与Rutilus有高度的渗入。主要结论核snp揭示的贻贝遗传结构与mtDNA支持的遗传结构有显著差异。许多核分裂不一致是过去二次接触的证据，并突出了单独基于mtDNA的分类的弱点。一个覆盖了许多欧洲、西伯利亚、高加索和中亚贻贝物种（5000公里长）的mtDNA超谱系是广泛的本-里海谱系的mtDNA渗入的结果，该谱系的分布可能与更新世冰川旋回有关。雌雄同体的生活史可能是在不同的分支中平行进化的，并通过杂交得到促进。由于广泛的种间杂交而产生的异质基因组，可能突出了Rutilus属的高可塑性、适应性和物种多样性。然而，窄域特有种可能受到渐进杂交的威胁。

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引用次数: 0

Seasonal and Multidecadal Changes in the Distribution of Small Cetaceans Inhabiting the Western North Pacific Under a Changing Ocean Environment, Inferred From Species Distribution Models 海洋环境变化下北太平洋西部小型鲸类分布的季节和多年代际变化——基于物种分布模型的推断

IF 4.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Diversity and Distributions

Pub Date : 2025-11-29 DOI: 10.1111/ddi.70113

Yu Kanaji, Shiho Furumaki, Hiroko Sasaki

Aim

For several decades, substantial efforts have monitored cetacean distribution and abundance in the western North Pacific. Large-scale visual-based line transect surveys have been conducted since the early 1980s, covering almost the entire western North Pacific. However, information on distribution patterns of cetacean species is concentrated in summer months when sighting conditions are preferred, while dolphin fisheries, one of the main threats to cetacean populations, are conducted mainly during winter months.

Location

The western North Pacific.

Methods

To fill information gaps between these seasons and improve conservation and management measures, we compiled long-term sighting data. We constructed a simple species distribution model (SDM) to estimate the seasonal patterns for 14 delphinid and phocoenid species. Although the sighting data remained limited outside summer, the distribution probability was intra- and extrapolated to respective seasons using the constructed SDMs.

Results

Model fitting tended to be better for the species inhabiting higher latitudes than for those in lower latitudes. In addition, seasonal patterns observed in our habitat prediction maps roughly corresponded to those patterns previously reported from coastal fishers' logbooks and satellite-tracking records. The model also estimated that some species distribution changes in response to long-term warming in water temperature over the past 30 years.

Main Conclusions

The study addresses the seasonal gaps in conservation and management measures and improves understanding of population structures of the species targeted by dolphin fisheries. Our approach to predicting distribution patterns spatiotemporally is widely applicable to conservation systems for marine animals inhabiting dynamic ocean environments.

几十年来，人们一直在努力监测北太平洋西部鲸类动物的分布和数量。自20世纪80年代初以来，已经进行了大规模的基于视觉的线样带调查，覆盖了几乎整个北太平洋西部。然而，有关鲸类物种分布模式的资料主要集中在夏季，因为夏季是观赏鲸类的最佳季节，而鲸类种群的主要威胁之一——海豚渔业则主要在冬季进行。地理位置：北太平洋西部。方法为填补季节间的信息空白，完善保护管理措施，编制长期观测资料。建立了一个简单的物种分布模型（SDM），对14种飞燕类和光子类的季节分布格局进行了估计。尽管在夏季之外的观测数据仍然有限，但利用所构建的sdm可以将分布概率内推和外推到各自的季节。结果高纬度物种的模型拟合效果优于低纬度物种。此外，在我们的栖息地预测图中观察到的季节模式大致与以前沿海渔民的日志和卫星跟踪记录中报告的模式相对应。该模型还估计，在过去30年里，一些物种的分布随着水温的长期变暖而发生了变化。本研究解决了保护和管理措施的季节性空白，提高了对海豚渔业目标物种种群结构的认识。该方法可广泛应用于动态海洋环境下的海洋动物保护系统。

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引用次数: 0

Invasive Alien Plants With Broader Niches Possess Higher Invasive Potential in China as a Result of Niche Conservatism and Effective Niche Filling 由于生态位保守性和有效的生态位填充，生态位更广的外来入侵植物在中国具有更高的入侵潜力

IF 4.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Diversity and Distributions

Pub Date : 2025-11-29 DOI: 10.1111/ddi.70119

Jia Wang, Yu Chen, Chunling Zhang, Xingjiang Song, Yingying Sun, Jiabin Zou, Gang Liu

Aim

Niche conservatism and niche shift, as two opposing ecological processes influencing invasive species spread, pose challenges for developing management strategies in China. However, how these mechanisms interact during invasion remains unclear. We propose that this uncertainty stems from species traits and invasion histories. Specifically, compared to weak invasive and non-invasive alien plants, we hypothesize that vigorous invasive plants in China are more likely to exhibit niche shifts.

Location

China.

Methods

We quantified the niche dynamics of three categories of alien plant species in China using PCA and their driving factors, while simultaneously predicting their potential distributions with the MaxEnt model.

Results

Annual mean temperature (Bio1), maximum temperature of the warmest month (Bio5), and precipitation of the driest month (Bio14) were identified as key environmental variables. Most alien plant species exhibited strong niche conservatism. Vigorous and weak invaders showed higher niche stability, lower unfilling, and lower pioneering, whereas non-invaders displayed higher niche expansion, unfilling, and pioneering. The niche centroids of most species shifted toward warmer, drier, and lower-elevation areas with more intensive human activity. Longer residence time was associated with lower niche unfilling across all three species categories. Propagule pressure promoted niche filling in vigorous and weak invaders. Species with broader native ranges exhibited higher niche stability. MaxEnt models indicated that vigorous and weak invaders had extensive potential distributions, while non-invaders were more restricted.

Main Conclusion

The invasion success of alien plants in China mainly depends on niche conservatism and effective niche filling rather than extensive niche expansion. Long-term residence and strong propagule pressure promote the occupation of potential habitats. Native niche breadth has a positive effect on niche conservatism. These findings provide a scientific basis for the monitoring, risk assessment, and management of alien plants.

目的生态位稳稳性和生态位转移是影响入侵物种传播的两个对立的生态过程，对中国入侵物种管理策略的制定提出了挑战。然而，这些机制在入侵过程中如何相互作用仍不清楚。我们认为这种不确定性源于物种特征和入侵历史。具体而言，与弱入侵植物和非入侵植物相比，我们假设中国的强壮入侵植物更有可能发生生态位转移。位置中国。方法利用主成分分析（PCA）对中国3类外来植物的生态位动态及其驱动因子进行量化，同时利用MaxEnt模型对其潜在分布进行预测。结果确定了年平均温度（Bio1）、最暖月份最高温度（Bio5）和最干旱月份降水（Bio14）为主要环境变量。大多数外来植物物种表现出较强的生态位保守性。强入侵者和弱入侵者表现出较高的生态位稳定性、较低的未填充性和较低的开拓性，而非入侵者表现出较高的生态位扩展性、未填充性和开拓性。大多数物种的生态位质心向温暖、干燥、低海拔、人类活动更密集的地区转移。停留时间越长，生态位空缺率越低。繁殖体压力促进了强入侵者和弱入侵者的生态位填充。原生地越广的物种生态位稳定性越高。MaxEnt模型表明，强、弱入侵植物具有广泛的潜在分布，而非入侵植物的潜在分布较为有限。结论外来植物在中国的成功入侵主要取决于生态位的保守性和有效的生态位填充，而不是广泛的生态位扩张。长期居住和强大的繁殖压力促进了潜在栖息地的占领。生态位宽度对生态位保守性有正向影响。这些发现为外来植物的监测、风险评估和管理提供了科学依据。

{"title":"Invasive Alien Plants With Broader Niches Possess Higher Invasive Potential in China as a Result of Niche Conservatism and Effective Niche Filling","authors":"Jia Wang, Yu Chen, Chunling Zhang, Xingjiang Song, Yingying Sun, Jiabin Zou, Gang Liu","doi":"10.1111/ddi.70119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.70119","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Niche conservatism and niche shift, as two opposing ecological processes influencing invasive species spread, pose challenges for developing management strategies in China. However, how these mechanisms interact during invasion remains unclear. We propose that this uncertainty stems from species traits and invasion histories. Specifically, compared to weak invasive and non-invasive alien plants, we hypothesize that vigorous invasive plants in China are more likely to exhibit niche shifts.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>China.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We quantified the niche dynamics of three categories of alien plant species in China using PCA and their driving factors, while simultaneously predicting their potential distributions with the MaxEnt model.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Annual mean temperature (Bio1), maximum temperature of the warmest month (Bio5), and precipitation of the driest month (Bio14) were identified as key environmental variables. Most alien plant species exhibited strong niche conservatism. Vigorous and weak invaders showed higher niche stability, lower unfilling, and lower pioneering, whereas non-invaders displayed higher niche expansion, unfilling, and pioneering. The niche centroids of most species shifted toward warmer, drier, and lower-elevation areas with more intensive human activity. Longer residence time was associated with lower niche unfilling across all three species categories. Propagule pressure promoted niche filling in vigorous and weak invaders. Species with broader native ranges exhibited higher niche stability. MaxEnt models indicated that vigorous and weak invaders had extensive potential distributions, while non-invaders were more restricted.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The invasion success of alien plants in China mainly depends on niche conservatism and effective niche filling rather than extensive niche expansion. Long-term residence and strong propagule pressure promote the occupation of potential habitats. Native niche breadth has a positive effect on niche conservatism. These findings provide a scientific basis for the monitoring, risk assessment, and management of alien plants.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"31 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.70119","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145626262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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