Kari Elsa Ellingsen, Andrey V. Dolgov, Kenneth T. Frank, Edda Johannesen, Vidar Surén Lien, Nancy Louise Shackell, Torkild Tveraa, Nigel Gilles Yoccoz
Aim
Determine whether changes in fish biogeographic composition and key facets of biodiversity are reversible at short time scales in a high latitude marine ecosystem experiencing ocean warming in the context of a recent short-term cooling, and an increasing then declining dominant apex predator population.
Location
Barents Sea.
Methods
Survey data from an 18-year time series of demersal fish communities, delineated as Arctic, Arctic-boreal and boreal assemblages, was used to examine temporal changes in (i) biogeographic composition across the Barents Sea, (ii) taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic (alpha) diversity at a sub-regional scale and relationships to abiotic and biotic drivers, and (iii) beta diversity at regional and sub-regional scales.
Results
Community composition changes across the Barents Sea that were attributed to ocean warming showed signs of a reversal during short-term cooling. At a sub-regional scale, several biodiversity measures showed a reversal of changes in the north-east, but different biodiversity measures as well as abiotic and biotic drivers revealed distinct patterns and trends. Species richness of the Arctic-boreal group increased but then declined in the north-east, while species richness of the Arctic group showed a persistent decline.
Main Conclusions
Our approach of dividing the Barents Sea into sub-regions and different biogeographical groups revealed patterns that were different from those observed at a large spatial scale and for whole communities. The Barents Sea is heterogeneous regarding temporal changes in diversity, and the recovery potential of fish communities varies among biogeographical groups. Such heterogeneity needs to be accounted for in future conservation strategies and ecosystem-based management.
{"title":"Biogeographic Changes in a High Latitude Marine Fish Community: Short-Time Reversals in Response to Climate Variation","authors":"Kari Elsa Ellingsen, Andrey V. Dolgov, Kenneth T. Frank, Edda Johannesen, Vidar Surén Lien, Nancy Louise Shackell, Torkild Tveraa, Nigel Gilles Yoccoz","doi":"10.1111/ddi.70114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.70114","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Determine whether changes in fish biogeographic composition and key facets of biodiversity are reversible at short time scales in a high latitude marine ecosystem experiencing ocean warming in the context of a recent short-term cooling, and an increasing then declining dominant apex predator population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Barents Sea.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Survey data from an 18-year time series of demersal fish communities, delineated as Arctic, Arctic-boreal and boreal assemblages, was used to examine temporal changes in (i) biogeographic composition across the Barents Sea, (ii) taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic (alpha) diversity at a sub-regional scale and relationships to abiotic and biotic drivers, and (iii) beta diversity at regional and sub-regional scales.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Community composition changes across the Barents Sea that were attributed to ocean warming showed signs of a reversal during short-term cooling. At a sub-regional scale, several biodiversity measures showed a reversal of changes in the north-east, but different biodiversity measures as well as abiotic and biotic drivers revealed distinct patterns and trends. Species richness of the Arctic-boreal group increased but then declined in the north-east, while species richness of the Arctic group showed a persistent decline.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our approach of dividing the Barents Sea into sub-regions and different biogeographical groups revealed patterns that were different from those observed at a large spatial scale and for whole communities. The Barents Sea is heterogeneous regarding temporal changes in diversity, and the recovery potential of fish communities varies among biogeographical groups. Such heterogeneity needs to be accounted for in future conservation strategies and ecosystem-based management.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"31 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.70114","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145572215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Annemarie Wurz, Jörg Albrecht, Katrin Böhning-Gaese, Roland Brandl, Eike Lena Neuschulz, Jörg Bendix, Markus Fischer, Andreas Hemp, Jürgen Homeier, Ralf Kiese, Yakov Kuzyakov, Christoph Leuschner, Marcell K. Peters, Stefan Scheu, Ingolf Steffan-Dewenter, Andre Velescu, Wolfgang Wilcke, Matthias Schleuning, Nina Farwig
<div> <section> <h3> Aim</h3> <p>Progress has been made in understanding the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning (BEF) in both experimental and real-world ecosystems. Yet, we have a limited understanding of the extent to which biodiversity affects ecosystem functioning in heterogeneous environments and whether variation in ecosystem functioning between communities is related to variation in species richness or turnover. Here, we quantify the relative contribution of variation in species richness and species turnover to variation in ecosystem functioning between communities (i.e., the diversity effect) along two tropical elevational gradients.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Location</h3> <p>Andes (Ecuador) and Mt. Kilimanjaro (Tanzania).</p> </section> <section> <h3> Taxa Studied</h3> <p>Woody plants, springtails, soil arthropods, ants and frugivorous birds.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>We collected data on seven ecosystem functions, including biomass and process rates, across six ecosystem types along the two elevational gradients. We then combine the ecological Price equation with the concept of β-diversity to quantify how the diversity effect is shaped by environmental heterogeneity within and across ecosystem types, and whether the effect of environmental heterogeneity is primarily mediated by variation in species richness or species turnover.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>The diversity effect on ecosystem functioning increased consistently with environmental heterogeneity on both mountains. Species richness and turnover, on average, contributed similarly to the diversity effect on ecosystem functioning in both mountain regions, but effect sizes varied across functions. The increase in the diversity effect with environmental heterogeneity was primarily mediated by species richness, while species turnover played a secondary role in mediating the effects of environmental heterogeneity.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Main Conclusions</h3> <p>Our study reveals that the diversity effect on ecosystem functioning increases with environmental heterogeneity and that species richness, rather than species turnover, primarily drives this relationship. The dominant role of species richness in mediating the effect of environmental heterogeneity indicates that BEF relationships along environmental gradient
{"title":"Effects of Species Richness and Turnover on Ecosystem Functioning in Heterogeneous Environments of Two Tropical Mountains","authors":"Annemarie Wurz, Jörg Albrecht, Katrin Böhning-Gaese, Roland Brandl, Eike Lena Neuschulz, Jörg Bendix, Markus Fischer, Andreas Hemp, Jürgen Homeier, Ralf Kiese, Yakov Kuzyakov, Christoph Leuschner, Marcell K. Peters, Stefan Scheu, Ingolf Steffan-Dewenter, Andre Velescu, Wolfgang Wilcke, Matthias Schleuning, Nina Farwig","doi":"10.1111/ddi.70093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.70093","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Progress has been made in understanding the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning (BEF) in both experimental and real-world ecosystems. Yet, we have a limited understanding of the extent to which biodiversity affects ecosystem functioning in heterogeneous environments and whether variation in ecosystem functioning between communities is related to variation in species richness or turnover. Here, we quantify the relative contribution of variation in species richness and species turnover to variation in ecosystem functioning between communities (i.e., the diversity effect) along two tropical elevational gradients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Andes (Ecuador) and Mt. Kilimanjaro (Tanzania).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Taxa Studied</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Woody plants, springtails, soil arthropods, ants and frugivorous birds.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We collected data on seven ecosystem functions, including biomass and process rates, across six ecosystem types along the two elevational gradients. We then combine the ecological Price equation with the concept of β-diversity to quantify how the diversity effect is shaped by environmental heterogeneity within and across ecosystem types, and whether the effect of environmental heterogeneity is primarily mediated by variation in species richness or species turnover.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The diversity effect on ecosystem functioning increased consistently with environmental heterogeneity on both mountains. Species richness and turnover, on average, contributed similarly to the diversity effect on ecosystem functioning in both mountain regions, but effect sizes varied across functions. The increase in the diversity effect with environmental heterogeneity was primarily mediated by species richness, while species turnover played a secondary role in mediating the effects of environmental heterogeneity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study reveals that the diversity effect on ecosystem functioning increases with environmental heterogeneity and that species richness, rather than species turnover, primarily drives this relationship. The dominant role of species richness in mediating the effect of environmental heterogeneity indicates that BEF relationships along environmental gradient","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"31 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.70093","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145572374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
X. Turon, O. S. Wangensteen, J. Zarcero, C. Palacin, A. Antich
Aim
We have applied a combined metabarcoding and metaphylogeography approach to temporal monitoring of marine protected areas. Biomonitoring is central to conservation, and new molecular methods, in particular metabarcoding-based techniques, are changing our ability to track diversity in space and time. Protected areas are a cornerstone of conservation policies whose correct management requires sound time series data.
Location
Two Spanish National Parks with maritime domain, situated in two biogeographic regions, one in the Mediterranean and the other in the Atlantic. We compiled a multi-year dataset spanning 9 years based on direct sampling of representative benthic communities in these parks.
Methods
We used as a marker a fragment of the cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene, amplified with generalist primers. We developed a bioinformatic pipeline based on establishing sample-wise exact sequence variants (ESVs) using stringent denoising and filtering methods. ESVs were clustered into molecular operational taxonomic units (OTUs) at the end of the study period, and we combined α- and β-diversity estimates with metaphylogeographic analyses.
Results
We uncovered a rich biodiversity, with ca. 27,000 ESVs and 5500 eukaryotic OTUs, with significant β-diversity variation across the studied factors, in the order parks > communities > years. The patterns of genetic differentiation within OTUs matched those of β-diversity. A temporal pattern emerged, as the communities' structure changed when comparing the initial and final periods of our monitoring, with a marked decline in richness and diversity.
Main Conclusions
Biodiversity varied strongly with geography, community type and year, shaping both species turnover and genetic connectivity. Differentiation was evident even at short spatial scales, such as between communities. A concerning loss of diversity was detected over the study period, likely related to global change. We showcased the feasibility and effectiveness of combining metabarcoding with metaphylogeography for monitoring and conservation efforts in marine protected areas and elsewhere.
{"title":"Advancing Marine Conservation: Metabarcoding and Metaphylogeography for a Multi-Year Biomonitoring of Benthic Communities of National Parks Across Two Seas","authors":"X. Turon, O. S. Wangensteen, J. Zarcero, C. Palacin, A. Antich","doi":"10.1111/ddi.70121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.70121","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We have applied a combined metabarcoding and metaphylogeography approach to temporal monitoring of marine protected areas. Biomonitoring is central to conservation, and new molecular methods, in particular metabarcoding-based techniques, are changing our ability to track diversity in space and time. Protected areas are a cornerstone of conservation policies whose correct management requires sound time series data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Two Spanish National Parks with maritime domain, situated in two biogeographic regions, one in the Mediterranean and the other in the Atlantic. We compiled a multi-year dataset spanning 9 years based on direct sampling of representative benthic communities in these parks.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used as a marker a fragment of the cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene, amplified with generalist primers. We developed a bioinformatic pipeline based on establishing sample-wise exact sequence variants (ESVs) using stringent denoising and filtering methods. ESVs were clustered into molecular operational taxonomic units (OTUs) at the end of the study period, and we combined α- and β-diversity estimates with metaphylogeographic analyses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We uncovered a rich biodiversity, with ca. 27,000 ESVs and 5500 eukaryotic OTUs, with significant β-diversity variation across the studied factors, in the order parks > communities > years. The patterns of genetic differentiation within OTUs matched those of β-diversity. A temporal pattern emerged, as the communities' structure changed when comparing the initial and final periods of our monitoring, with a marked decline in richness and diversity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Biodiversity varied strongly with geography, community type and year, shaping both species turnover and genetic connectivity. Differentiation was evident even at short spatial scales, such as between communities. A concerning loss of diversity was detected over the study period, likely related to global change. We showcased the feasibility and effectiveness of combining metabarcoding with metaphylogeography for monitoring and conservation efforts in marine protected areas and elsewhere.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"31 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.70121","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145572296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Forest plots are a benchmark tool to quantify aboveground carbon (AGC) stocks and biodiversity in tropical forests. However, atypical edaphic forest types such as seasonally flooded forests or forests on sandy soil are scarce in the plot networks, despite their widespread occurrence. This study assessed how edaphic conditions shape tropical forests, in terms of forest structure, tree diversity and composition.
Location
Lomami National Park in the Democratic Republic of Congo.
Methods
We installed 89 plots of 0.25 ha each in the understudied southeastern Congo basin. Plots are spread over eight different combinations of flooding regime (seasonally flooded vs. terra firme), soil texture (clay vs. sand) and region (north vs. south). We tested the influence of flooding regime, soil texture and region on structural attributes, tree diversity, and tree species composition. We also assessed relationships between structural attributes, diversity indices, and compositional gradients.
Results
We inventoried 9156 trees and identified a total of 416 tree species, with 93 species (22.4%) belonging to the Fabaceae family. Species diversity is much higher in terra firme than in seasonally flooded forests. The latter also shows a different species composition but holds similar AGC (163 Mg C ha−1 on average). We also found that region influences both species diversity and structural attributes (diversity and AGC highest in the north), while soil texture only influences structural attributes (AGC highest on clay). Finally, we found that structural attributes are independent of diversity indices at different scales.
Main Conclusions
This study describes for the first time the forests in the southeastern Congo basin, which show a high degree of structural variability, high tree biodiversity and important carbon stocks. The region merits further exploration, with specific attention to seasonally flooded forests which harbor a less diverse but different tree flora, and similar carbon stocks as compared to terra firme forests.
目的森林样地是量化热带森林地上碳（AGC）储量和生物多样性的基准工具。然而，季节性淹水林或沙质土壤林等非典型土壤林类型在样地网络中广泛存在，但很少出现。这项研究从森林结构、树木多样性和组成方面评估了地理条件如何影响热带森林。地点：刚果民主共和国的洛米国家公园。方法在未充分研究的刚果盆地东南部设置89个0.25 ha的样地。地块分布在八种不同的洪水组合中（季节性洪水vs.陆地），土壤质地（粘土vs.沙子）和区域（北方vs.南方）。我们测试了洪水状况、土壤质地和区域对结构属性、树木多样性和树种组成的影响。我们还评估了结构属性、多样性指数和成分梯度之间的关系。结果共调查9156株，鉴定树种416种，其中豆科93种，占22.4%。陆地上的物种多样性远高于季节性洪泛森林。后者也显示出不同的物种组成，但具有相似的AGC（平均163 Mg C ha - 1）。区域对物种多样性和结构属性都有影响（多样性和AGC在北部最高），而土壤质地只对结构属性有影响（粘土的AGC最高）。最后，我们发现在不同尺度下，结构属性与多样性指数是独立的。本研究首次描述了刚果盆地东南部森林结构变异性高、树木生物多样性高、碳储量重要的特征。该地区值得进一步探索，特别要注意季节性泛滥的森林，这些森林拥有较少的多样性但不同的树木植物群，与陆地森林相比，碳储量相似。
{"title":"Tree Diversity and Carbon Stocks in Seasonally Flooded and Terra Firme Forests in the Inner Congo Basin","authors":"Modestine Kompanyi, Wannes Hubau, Jean-Remy Makana, John Hart, Terese Hart, Adeline Fayolle","doi":"10.1111/ddi.70118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.70118","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Forest plots are a benchmark tool to quantify aboveground carbon (AGC) stocks and biodiversity in tropical forests. However, atypical edaphic forest types such as seasonally flooded forests or forests on sandy soil are scarce in the plot networks, despite their widespread occurrence. This study assessed how edaphic conditions shape tropical forests, in terms of forest structure, tree diversity and composition.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Lomami National Park in the Democratic Republic of Congo.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We installed 89 plots of 0.25 ha each in the understudied southeastern Congo basin. Plots are spread over eight different combinations of flooding regime (seasonally flooded vs. <i>terra firme</i>), soil texture (clay vs. sand) and region (north vs. south). We tested the influence of flooding regime, soil texture and region on structural attributes, tree diversity, and tree species composition. We also assessed relationships between structural attributes, diversity indices, and compositional gradients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We inventoried 9156 trees and identified a total of 416 tree species, with 93 species (22.4%) belonging to the Fabaceae family. Species diversity is much higher in <i>terra firme</i> than in seasonally flooded forests. The latter also shows a different species composition but holds similar AGC (163 Mg C ha<sup>−1</sup> on average). We also found that region influences both species diversity and structural attributes (diversity and AGC highest in the north), while soil texture only influences structural attributes (AGC highest on clay). Finally, we found that structural attributes are independent of diversity indices at different scales.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study describes for the first time the forests in the southeastern Congo basin, which show a high degree of structural variability, high tree biodiversity and important carbon stocks. The region merits further exploration, with specific attention to seasonally flooded forests which harbor a less diverse but different tree flora, and similar carbon stocks as compared to <i>terra firme</i> forests.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"31 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.70118","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145521863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yunzhe Huang, Huan Zhang, Min Guo, Zhe Li, Geng Huang, Li Wen, Yunliang Li, Yuyu Wang
<div> <section> <h3> Aim</h3> <p>Extreme droughts, intensified by climate change, threaten floodplain ecosystems. However, the mechanisms underlying biotic responses remain insufficiently understood. We assessed drought-induced changes in the taxonomic and functional structure of fish communities, identified key environmental and biotic drivers during the drought period, and evaluated post-drought community recovery trajectories.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Location</h3> <p>Poyang Lake, Yangtze River Basin, China.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>Fish assemblages were surveyed across four floodplain lakes of Poyang Lake from 2022 to 2024 during the same seasonal window to isolate drought effects. Community composition and traits were analysed in multivariate trait space to assess changes in functional identity and the abundance of key species, and diversity indices at multiple scales were calculated. Key environmental drivers were identified using ordination and trait-environment association analyses.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>Extreme drought induced substantial shifts in fish community structure and functional composition, favouring small-bodied, benthopelagic omnivores and causing a 94% decline in the abundance of the apex predator <i>Culter alburnus</i>. Simultaneously, taxonomic and functional α-diversity declined significantly, while β-diversity increased, driven primarily by species turnover. The mechanisms underlying community assembly also shifted, with physicochemical factors predominant before the drought, but macrophyte growth form and macrobenthic biomass becoming the dominant drivers during drought conditions. Although hydrological connectivity was restored in 2024, community recovery remained incomplete, characterised by only partial functional trait rebound and persistent suppression of taxonomic richness, particularly among habitat specialists.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Main Conclusions</h3> <p>Extreme drought functioned as a basin-scale filter, selectively favouring fish assemblages with drought-tolerant trait combinations while leading to the decline or local extinction of intolerant taxa. The resulting habitat contraction and fragmentation reduced the local capacity to support biodiversity and promoted niche partitioning along gradients of habitat structure and food availability. Even after the restoration of hydrological connectivity, drought-induced habitat legacies and priority effects co
{"title":"Extreme Drought Restructures Floodplain Fish Assemblages Through Trait Convergence and Assembly Mechanism Shifts","authors":"Yunzhe Huang, Huan Zhang, Min Guo, Zhe Li, Geng Huang, Li Wen, Yunliang Li, Yuyu Wang","doi":"10.1111/ddi.70117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.70117","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Extreme droughts, intensified by climate change, threaten floodplain ecosystems. However, the mechanisms underlying biotic responses remain insufficiently understood. We assessed drought-induced changes in the taxonomic and functional structure of fish communities, identified key environmental and biotic drivers during the drought period, and evaluated post-drought community recovery trajectories.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Poyang Lake, Yangtze River Basin, China.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fish assemblages were surveyed across four floodplain lakes of Poyang Lake from 2022 to 2024 during the same seasonal window to isolate drought effects. Community composition and traits were analysed in multivariate trait space to assess changes in functional identity and the abundance of key species, and diversity indices at multiple scales were calculated. Key environmental drivers were identified using ordination and trait-environment association analyses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Extreme drought induced substantial shifts in fish community structure and functional composition, favouring small-bodied, benthopelagic omnivores and causing a 94% decline in the abundance of the apex predator <i>Culter alburnus</i>. Simultaneously, taxonomic and functional α-diversity declined significantly, while β-diversity increased, driven primarily by species turnover. The mechanisms underlying community assembly also shifted, with physicochemical factors predominant before the drought, but macrophyte growth form and macrobenthic biomass becoming the dominant drivers during drought conditions. Although hydrological connectivity was restored in 2024, community recovery remained incomplete, characterised by only partial functional trait rebound and persistent suppression of taxonomic richness, particularly among habitat specialists.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Extreme drought functioned as a basin-scale filter, selectively favouring fish assemblages with drought-tolerant trait combinations while leading to the decline or local extinction of intolerant taxa. The resulting habitat contraction and fragmentation reduced the local capacity to support biodiversity and promoted niche partitioning along gradients of habitat structure and food availability. Even after the restoration of hydrological connectivity, drought-induced habitat legacies and priority effects co","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"31 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.70117","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145469661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
<div> <section> <h3> Aim</h3> <p><i>Keteleeria</i>, a relict genus of the Pinaceae family, flourished before the Quaternary ice age but has since experienced a significant decline, with many of its species now critically endangered and classified as key protected species. However, the phylogenetic relationships, taxonomic status, and biogeographic history of <i>Keteleeria</i> remain incompletely understood, posing significant challenges for its conservation and genetic improvement efforts. Here, we reconstruct the first molecular phylogeny of <i>Keteleeria</i>.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Location</h3> <p>China.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>In this study, we applied genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) technology to sequence 13 taxa of <i>Keteleeria</i>, with <i>Abies</i> and <i>Cedrus</i> as outgroups.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>A robust phylogenetic tree of <i>Keteleeria</i> was constructed, revealing six clades and resolving the evolutionary relationships of nearly all the taxa. Estimation of the divergence time and reconstruction of the ancestral area indicate that extant <i>Keteleeria</i> originated on the Yunnan–Kweichow Plateau during the Late Cretaceous and underwent multiple dispersal events throughout their evolutionary history. Predictive modelling of <i>Keteleeria</i> distribution dynamics revealed that its range during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) was broader than that during the Last Interglacial (LIG). Under future climate warming scenarios, its highly suitable habitat is projected to significantly decrease. In particular, under the RCP8.5 scenario, the area of highly suitable habitats will experience the most significant reduction. Temperature, rather than precipitation, was identified as the dominant factor shaping the patterns of <i>Keteleeria</i> distribution.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Main Conclusions</h3> <p>We constructed a robust phylogenetic tree, resolving the evolutionary relationships of nearly all the taxa. The results indicate that the evolutionary history of <i>Keteleeria</i> is complex; <i>Keteleeria</i> originated on the Yunnan–Kweichow Plateau during the Late Cretaceous and underwent multiple dispersal events. By predicting the dynamics of the <i>Keteleeria</i> distribution, we found that under future climate warming scenarios, its highly suitable habitat is projected to significantly decrease. This study provides important insights into the taxonomy of <i>Keteleeria</i>, establ
{"title":"Phylogeny and Climate Change–Driven Distribution Dynamics of Keteleeria","authors":"Yanchao Yuan, Junhui Wang, Yufeng Guo, Zhiyong Wang, Shirong Liu, Zirui Jia","doi":"10.1111/ddi.70116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.70116","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Keteleeria</i>, a relict genus of the Pinaceae family, flourished before the Quaternary ice age but has since experienced a significant decline, with many of its species now critically endangered and classified as key protected species. However, the phylogenetic relationships, taxonomic status, and biogeographic history of <i>Keteleeria</i> remain incompletely understood, posing significant challenges for its conservation and genetic improvement efforts. Here, we reconstruct the first molecular phylogeny of <i>Keteleeria</i>.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>China.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, we applied genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) technology to sequence 13 taxa of <i>Keteleeria</i>, with <i>Abies</i> and <i>Cedrus</i> as outgroups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A robust phylogenetic tree of <i>Keteleeria</i> was constructed, revealing six clades and resolving the evolutionary relationships of nearly all the taxa. Estimation of the divergence time and reconstruction of the ancestral area indicate that extant <i>Keteleeria</i> originated on the Yunnan–Kweichow Plateau during the Late Cretaceous and underwent multiple dispersal events throughout their evolutionary history. Predictive modelling of <i>Keteleeria</i> distribution dynamics revealed that its range during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) was broader than that during the Last Interglacial (LIG). Under future climate warming scenarios, its highly suitable habitat is projected to significantly decrease. In particular, under the RCP8.5 scenario, the area of highly suitable habitats will experience the most significant reduction. Temperature, rather than precipitation, was identified as the dominant factor shaping the patterns of <i>Keteleeria</i> distribution.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We constructed a robust phylogenetic tree, resolving the evolutionary relationships of nearly all the taxa. The results indicate that the evolutionary history of <i>Keteleeria</i> is complex; <i>Keteleeria</i> originated on the Yunnan–Kweichow Plateau during the Late Cretaceous and underwent multiple dispersal events. By predicting the dynamics of the <i>Keteleeria</i> distribution, we found that under future climate warming scenarios, its highly suitable habitat is projected to significantly decrease. This study provides important insights into the taxonomy of <i>Keteleeria</i>, establ","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"31 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.70116","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145469487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Manuela R. Bizzozzero, Svenja M. Marfurt, Florian Altermatt, Erik P. Willems, Alexander Damm-Reiser, Simon J. Allen, Jean-Claude Walser, Michael Krützen
Aim
Shark Bay, a UNESCO World Heritage site in Western Australia, is highly vulnerable to climate change, yet its fish biodiversity remains poorly understood at fine spatial scales. We integrated environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding with high-resolution remote sensing to assess and extrapolate fish diversity patterns, providing a scalable framework for biodiversity monitoring in dynamic coastal ecosystems.
Location
Shark Bay, Western Australia.
Methods
We analysed 270 water samples across 560 km2 using fish-specific 16S and 12S rRNA metabarcoding, comparing our results to earlier studies using conventional methods including seining, trawling, fisheries reports, and fish traps. We linked biodiversity patterns to key environmental variables, including depth, salinity, sea surface temperature, and habitat characteristics derived from high-resolution satellite imagery. To predict fish biodiversity across unsampled areas, we employed machine-learning models, enabling spatial extrapolation of eDNA data across the seascape.
Results
eDNA metabarcoding identified 106 fish species across 132 genera and 71 families, with substantial overlap with conventional monitoring but broader coverage at higher taxonomic levels. Fish richness increased with decreasing salinity, high channel habitat coverage, and moderate depths with high seagrass coverage. We delineated five distinct fish communities (A–E): two shallow seagrass communities—one in sparse seagrass (A) and another in dense seagrass (B), one in channel habitats (C) with the greatest fish diversity; one in deep sandy waters (D) and one in medium-depth, seagrass-free areas (E). Additionally, we detected several tropical species, suggesting poleward shifts due to rising water temperatures.
Main Conclusions
This study highlights the utility of combining marine eDNA metabarcoding with remote sensing to detect fine-scale biodiversity. The integration of machine learning enables spatial upscaling and timely responses to habitat changes, enhancing marine conservation and management. By identifying key environmental drivers of fish diversity, this approach supports proactive conservation strategies, providing a scalable model for biodiversity monitoring under climate change.
{"title":"Integrating Environmental DNA Metabarcoding and Remote Sensing Reveals Known and Novel Fish Diversity Hotspots in a World Heritage Area","authors":"Manuela R. Bizzozzero, Svenja M. Marfurt, Florian Altermatt, Erik P. Willems, Alexander Damm-Reiser, Simon J. Allen, Jean-Claude Walser, Michael Krützen","doi":"10.1111/ddi.70074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.70074","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Shark Bay, a UNESCO World Heritage site in Western Australia, is highly vulnerable to climate change, yet its fish biodiversity remains poorly understood at fine spatial scales. We integrated environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding with high-resolution remote sensing to assess and extrapolate fish diversity patterns, providing a scalable framework for biodiversity monitoring in dynamic coastal ecosystems.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Shark Bay, Western Australia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We analysed 270 water samples across 560 km<sup>2</sup> using fish-specific 16S and 12S rRNA metabarcoding, comparing our results to earlier studies using conventional methods including seining, trawling, fisheries reports, and fish traps. We linked biodiversity patterns to key environmental variables, including depth, salinity, sea surface temperature, and habitat characteristics derived from high-resolution satellite imagery. To predict fish biodiversity across unsampled areas, we employed machine-learning models, enabling spatial extrapolation of eDNA data across the seascape.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>eDNA metabarcoding identified 106 fish species across 132 genera and 71 families, with substantial overlap with conventional monitoring but broader coverage at higher taxonomic levels. Fish richness increased with decreasing salinity, high channel habitat coverage, and moderate depths with high seagrass coverage. We delineated five distinct fish communities (A–E): two shallow seagrass communities—one in sparse seagrass (A) and another in dense seagrass (B), one in channel habitats (C) with the greatest fish diversity; one in deep sandy waters (D) and one in medium-depth, seagrass-free areas (E). Additionally, we detected several tropical species, suggesting poleward shifts due to rising water temperatures.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study highlights the utility of combining marine eDNA metabarcoding with remote sensing to detect fine-scale biodiversity. The integration of machine learning enables spatial upscaling and timely responses to habitat changes, enhancing marine conservation and management. By identifying key environmental drivers of fish diversity, this approach supports proactive conservation strategies, providing a scalable model for biodiversity monitoring under climate change.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"31 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.70074","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145398964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Helena Teixeira, Malcolm A. C. Nicoll, Audrey Jaeger, Nancy Bunbury, Arthur Choeur, Luke A'Bear, Camille Lebarbenchon, Maria Bielsa, Ruth Dunn, Robin Freeman, Nirmal Jivan Shah, Gerard Rocamora, Licia Calabrese, Alice M. Trevail, Julie Tourmetz, Stephen Votier, Matthieu Le Corre, Laurence Humeau
Aim
Knowledge of the main drivers of population differentiation is crucial for understanding evolutionary processes and preserving biodiversity. While primarily studied in terrestrial habitats, the mechanisms operating in the marine realm are less well understood. This study reconstructed the phylogeographic history of a tropical seabird to identify relevant marine barriers promoting intraspecific diversity in the Western Indian Ocean.
Location
Western Indian Ocean.
Taxon
Three subspecies of tropical shearwater: Puffinus bailloni bailloni , P. b. nicolae, P. b. colstoni.
Methods
We used restriction site-associated DNA sequencing and applied population genomics to birds from six breeding colonies to assess intraspecific diversity, population genetic structure and connectivity in the tropical shearwater. Results were complemented with data from six oceanographic variables and effective migration surfaces to evaluate the role of oceanographic factors in driving population differentiation.
Results
All analyses consistently separated the birds from the northern colonies (subsp. nicolae and colstoni) from those of the southern islands (subsp. bailloni), but failed to assign the colstoni birds as a different taxon. Results revealed remarkable levels of genetic differentiation within an ocean basin in a highly vagile species and suggested higher levels of gene flow at the northern limit of the species' distribution compared to the southern range.
Main Conclusions
Our study suggests that ocean surfaces and sea surface temperature may constitute an important barrier to gene flow for the tropical shearwater and potentially other marine species in the region. This study does not support the colstoni form as a different subspecies, highlighting the need for further taxonomic reassessment. Ultimately, the results allowed us to identify Europa and Aldabra as the most threatened management units and propose conservation strategies directly applicable to these most at-risk colonies.
{"title":"Genetic Differentiation in a Wide-Ranging Tropical Seabird in the Indian Ocean Is Linked With Oceanographic Factors","authors":"Helena Teixeira, Malcolm A. C. Nicoll, Audrey Jaeger, Nancy Bunbury, Arthur Choeur, Luke A'Bear, Camille Lebarbenchon, Maria Bielsa, Ruth Dunn, Robin Freeman, Nirmal Jivan Shah, Gerard Rocamora, Licia Calabrese, Alice M. Trevail, Julie Tourmetz, Stephen Votier, Matthieu Le Corre, Laurence Humeau","doi":"10.1111/ddi.70078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.70078","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Knowledge of the main drivers of population differentiation is crucial for understanding evolutionary processes and preserving biodiversity. While primarily studied in terrestrial habitats, the mechanisms operating in the marine realm are less well understood. This study reconstructed the phylogeographic history of a tropical seabird to identify relevant marine barriers promoting intraspecific diversity in the Western Indian Ocean.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Western Indian Ocean.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Taxon</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Three subspecies of tropical shearwater<i>: Puffinus bailloni bailloni</i> , <i>P. b. nicolae, P. b. colstoni.</i></p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used restriction site-associated DNA sequencing and applied population genomics to birds from six breeding colonies to assess intraspecific diversity, population genetic structure and connectivity in the tropical shearwater. Results were complemented with data from six oceanographic variables and effective migration surfaces to evaluate the role of oceanographic factors in driving population differentiation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>All analyses consistently separated the birds from the northern colonies (subsp. <i>nicolae</i> and <i>colstoni</i>) from those of the southern islands (subsp. <i>bailloni</i>), but failed to assign the <i>colstoni</i> birds as a different taxon. Results revealed remarkable levels of genetic differentiation within an ocean basin in a highly vagile species and suggested higher levels of gene flow at the northern limit of the species' distribution compared to the southern range.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study suggests that ocean surfaces and sea surface temperature may constitute an important barrier to gene flow for the tropical shearwater and potentially other marine species in the region. This study does not support the <i>colstoni</i> form as a different subspecies, highlighting the need for further taxonomic reassessment. Ultimately, the results allowed us to identify Europa and Aldabra as the most threatened management units and propose conservation strategies directly applicable to these most at-risk colonies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"31 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.70078","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145398968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shawan Chowdhury, Diana E. Bowler, Estève Boutaud, Ortwin Bleich, Helge Bruelheide, Jörn Buse, Thore Engel, Jörg Gebert, Volker Grescho, Stephan Gürlich, Ingmar Harry, Florian Jansen, Reinhard A. Klenke, Roel van Klink, Marten Winter, Aletta Bonn
Aim
Many insect species are facing existential crises, primarily due to diverse human activities. Most insect assessments, however, are based on relatively short time series or some iconic species. Here, we assess how the occupancy of ground beetles has changed in Germany over the last 36 years.
Location
Germany.
Methods
In close collaboration with taxonomic experts from natural history societies, we compiled the best available occurrence data for ground beetles in Germany, estimated the changes in species occupancy over time, and related these changes to species traits and characteristics.
Results
We obtained trends for 383 species and found that 52% of species significantly declined, and 22% significantly increased in site occupancy over the last 36 years. The remainder of the species (26%) all showed a mean negative trend, albeit nonsignificant. Species classified as non-threatened in the German red list declined at a similar rate as threatened species, with 64% of the Near Threatened species experiencing significant declines (highest among all red list categories). Across all traits, we found that large (compared to medium-sized) and omnivore (compared to predator) species declined less.
Conclusions
Since ground beetles are key predators in many natural and agricultural ecosystems that play an important role in pest control and the food chain, their decline should raise concerns. Thus, we urgently plead for more harmonised and systematic monitoring of this insect group.
{"title":"Widespread Decline of Ground Beetles in Germany","authors":"Shawan Chowdhury, Diana E. Bowler, Estève Boutaud, Ortwin Bleich, Helge Bruelheide, Jörn Buse, Thore Engel, Jörg Gebert, Volker Grescho, Stephan Gürlich, Ingmar Harry, Florian Jansen, Reinhard A. Klenke, Roel van Klink, Marten Winter, Aletta Bonn","doi":"10.1111/ddi.70112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.70112","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Many insect species are facing existential crises, primarily due to diverse human activities. Most insect assessments, however, are based on relatively short time series or some iconic species. Here, we assess how the occupancy of ground beetles has changed in Germany over the last 36 years.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Germany.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In close collaboration with taxonomic experts from natural history societies, we compiled the best available occurrence data for ground beetles in Germany, estimated the changes in species occupancy over time, and related these changes to species traits and characteristics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We obtained trends for 383 species and found that 52% of species significantly declined, and 22% significantly increased in site occupancy over the last 36 years. The remainder of the species (26%) all showed a mean negative trend, albeit nonsignificant. Species classified as non-threatened in the German red list declined at a similar rate as threatened species, with 64% of the Near Threatened species experiencing significant declines (highest among all red list categories). Across all traits, we found that large (compared to medium-sized) and omnivore (compared to predator) species declined less.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Since ground beetles are key predators in many natural and agricultural ecosystems that play an important role in pest control and the food chain, their decline should raise concerns. Thus, we urgently plead for more harmonised and systematic monitoring of this insect group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"31 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.70112","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145398966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Charlotte Jense, Bruce E. Deagle, Rob Freeman, Christopher P. Burridge
Aim
Invasive species can affect native species detrimentally, causing localised population declines, range contractions and extinctions. Given the costs and difficulties of controlling invasive species, sound knowledge of the potential benefits to native species is essential. However, sometimes the impacts of invasive species have been inferred by proxy, based on allopatric distribution with native species. Galaxias johnstoni, an endemic freshwater fish in Tasmania, is one such species. It has a restricted range and is believed to have experienced fragmentation and decline due to the introduction of brown trout, Salmo trutta, in 1864. This study examines patterns of genetic diversity in contemporary G. johnstoni populations and tests for genetic signatures of impact by introduced brown trout.
Location
Central highlands Tasmania.
Methods
Nuclear Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and mitochondrial DNA sequences were used to assess genetic isolation of populations. Approximate Bayesian Computation was employed to test alternative historical demographic scenarios for the observed patterns of genetic variation.
Results
Genetic isolation of the sampled populations was confirmed. However, brown trout do not appear to have caused genetic isolation of contemporary G. johnstoni populations and received equivocal support for reductions in population size. Instead, habitat preferences and post-glacial recolonisation from local refugia appear more likely to explain the contemporary patterns of G. johnstoni genetic variation.
Main Conclusions
Our study highlights how genetic approaches can evaluate historical impacts of invasive species, especially where native and invasive species are presently allopatric. We also illustrate potential limitations of this approach: (1) the possibility that other processes have influenced native species coincident with the arrival of invasive pests, (2) the overshadowing of invasive species impacts by signatures from earlier demographic events and (3) the inability to recover signatures from genetically isolated populations that do not survive to the present. Multiple lines of evidence are critical to inform appropriate conservation actions.
{"title":"Historical Impacts of Invasive Species May Not Always Be What They Seem: A Genetic Perspective From an Endangered Native Species","authors":"Charlotte Jense, Bruce E. Deagle, Rob Freeman, Christopher P. Burridge","doi":"10.1111/ddi.70072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.70072","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Invasive species can affect native species detrimentally, causing localised population declines, range contractions and extinctions. Given the costs and difficulties of controlling invasive species, sound knowledge of the potential benefits to native species is essential. However, sometimes the impacts of invasive species have been inferred by proxy, based on allopatric distribution with native species. <i>Galaxias johnstoni</i>, an endemic freshwater fish in Tasmania, is one such species. It has a restricted range and is believed to have experienced fragmentation and decline due to the introduction of brown trout, <i>Salmo trutta</i>, in 1864. This study examines patterns of genetic diversity in contemporary <i>G. johnstoni</i> populations and tests for genetic signatures of impact by introduced brown trout.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Central highlands Tasmania.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nuclear Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and mitochondrial DNA sequences were used to assess genetic isolation of populations. Approximate Bayesian Computation was employed to test alternative historical demographic scenarios for the observed patterns of genetic variation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Genetic isolation of the sampled populations was confirmed. However, brown trout do not appear to have caused genetic isolation of contemporary <i>G. johnstoni</i> populations and received equivocal support for reductions in population size. Instead, habitat preferences and post-glacial recolonisation from local refugia appear more likely to explain the contemporary patterns of <i>G. johnstoni</i> genetic variation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study highlights how genetic approaches can evaluate historical impacts of invasive species, especially where native and invasive species are presently allopatric. We also illustrate potential limitations of this approach: (1) the possibility that other processes have influenced native species coincident with the arrival of invasive pests, (2) the overshadowing of invasive species impacts by signatures from earlier demographic events and (3) the inability to recover signatures from genetically isolated populations that do not survive to the present. Multiple lines of evidence are critical to inform appropriate conservation actions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"31 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.70072","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145398967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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