Diversity and Distributions最新文献_第3页

Why so many Hemiptera invasions? 为什么会有这么多半翅虫入侵？

IF 4.6 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Diversity and Distributions

Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13911

Andrew M. Liebhold, Rebecca M. Turner, Charles R. Bartlett, Cleo Bertelsmeier, Rachael E. Blake, Eckehard G. Brockerhoff, Charlotte E. Causton, Janis N. Matsunaga, Stuart H. McKamey, Helen F. Nahrung, Christopher L. Owen, Deepa S. Pureswaran, Alain Roques, Scott A. Schneider, Allen F. Sanborn, Takehiko Yamanaka

Aim

The Hemiptera is the fifth-largest insect order but among non-native insect species is approximately tied with the Coleoptera as the most species-rich insect order (Hemiptera comprise 20% more species than in world fauna). This over-representation may result from high propagule pressure or from high species invasiveness. Here, we assess the reasons for over-representation in this group by analysing geographical, temporal and taxonomic variation in numbers of historical invasions.

Location

Global.

Method

We assembled lists of historical Hemiptera invasions in 12 world regions, countries or islands (Australia, Chile, Europe, New Zealand, North America, South Africa, South Korea, Japan and the Galapagos, Hawaiian, Okinawa and Ogasawara Islands) and border interception data from nine countries (Australia, Canada, European Union, United Kingdom, Hawaii, Japan, New Zealand, South Korea, USA mainland and South Africa). Using these data, we identified hemipteran superfamilies that are historically over-represented among established non-native species, and superfamilies that are over-represented among arrivals (proxied by interceptions). We also compared temporal patterns of establishments among hemipteran suborders and among regions.

Results

Across all regions, patterns of over- and under-representation were similar. The Aphidoidea, Coccoidea, Aleyrodoidea, Cimicoidea and Phylloxeroida were over-represented among non-native species. These same superfamilies were not consistently over-represented among intercepted species indicating that propagule pressure does not completely explain the tendency of some Hemiptera to be over-represented among invasions. Asexual reproduction is common in most over-represented superfamilies and this trait may be key to explaining high invasion success in these superfamilies.

Conclusions

We conclude that both propagule pressure and species invasiveness are drivers of high invasion success in the Sternorrhyncha suborder (aphids, scales, whiteflies) and this group plays a major role in the exceptional invasion success of Hemiptera in general. The high historical rates of invasion by Sternorrhyncha species provide justification for biosecurity measure focusing on exclusion of this group.

目的半翅目是第五大昆虫纲，但在非本地昆虫物种中，半翅目与鞘翅目并列成为物种最丰富的昆虫纲（半翅目物种比世界动物区系多 20%）。物种过多的原因可能是繁殖压力大或物种入侵性强。在此，我们通过分析历史上入侵物种数量的地理、时间和分类差异，来评估该类物种数量过多的原因。方法我们收集了世界 12 个地区、国家或岛屿（澳大利亚、智利、欧洲、新西兰、北美、南非、韩国、日本和加拉帕戈斯群岛、夏威夷、冲绳和小笠原群岛）的历史半翅目入侵名单，以及 9 个国家（澳大利亚、加拿大、欧盟、英国、夏威夷、日本、新西兰、韩国、美国本土和南非）的边境拦截数据。利用这些数据，我们确定了历史上在已建立的非本地物种中所占比例较高的半翅目超科，以及在到达物种中所占比例较高的超科（以截获量表示）。我们还比较了半翅目各亚纲之间以及各地区之间建立物种的时间模式。在非本地物种中，蚜形目（Aphidoidea）、茧形目（Coccoidea）、蝶形目（Aleyrodoidea）、蜚蠊目（Cimicoidea）和蚜蝇目（Phylloxeroida）所占比例较高。在被截获的物种中，这些超科的比例并不总是过高，这表明繁殖压力并不能完全解释某些半翅目昆虫在入侵物种中比例过高的趋势。结论我们得出结论，传播压力和物种入侵性是鞘翅目亚目（蚜虫、鳞翅目、粉虱）高入侵成功率的驱动因素，该亚目在半翅目的总体高入侵成功率中扮演了重要角色。Sternorrhyncha 物种历史上的高入侵率为采取生物安全措施提供了理由，这些措施的重点是排除该物种群。

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引用次数: 0

Patterns and drivers in the functional diversity decomposition of invaded stream fish communities 受入侵溪流鱼类群落功能多样性分解的模式和驱动因素

IF 4.6 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Diversity and Distributions

Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13914

Kai Feng, Péter Takács, István Czeglédi, Tibor Erős

Aim

The assembly of real-world ecological communities in human-modified landscapes is influenced by a complex interplay of spatial, temporal, environmental and invasion gradients. However, understanding the relative importance of these drivers and their interactions in shaping functional assembly remains elusive. Our study aimed to investigate the relative influence of these drivers on the functional assembly of a stream fish metacommunity.

Location

Streams of the Lake Balaton catchment, Hungary.

Methods

We analysed a long-term (18-year) dataset of the stream fish metacommunity, focusing on changes in functional diversity (Q), redundancy (R) and species dominance (D). Ternary diagrams were utilized to decompose functional diversity into Q, R and D components and to visualize diversity patterns. Linear mixed-effect regression and separate structural equation models were employed to identify significant drivers of Q, R and D.

Results

Native fish communities exhibited low functional diversity (Q) but high redundancy (R) and dominance (D), indicating functional convergence and dominance. Stream habitat size, network position and associated spatial, physical and chemical gradients emerged as consistently significant drivers of D and R. Changes in Q were additionally linked to non-native community properties and subtle shifts in land use and within-stream habitat characteristics.

Main Conclusions

Our findings suggest that both environmental filtering and interspecies interactions, particularly trait similarity between invaders and natives shape functional assembly of stream fish metacommunities. Despite minimal temporal directional changes, environmental drivers predominantly influence long-term diversity patterns of native fish communities, overshadowing invasion effects. Our findings underscore the importance of considering both environmental filtering mechanisms and interspecies interactions in understanding functional assembly. Additionally, the joint application of diversity decomposition frameworks with predictive modelling provides comprehensive insight into patterns of functional diversity and assembly across ecological communities.

目的现实世界中生态群落在人类改造景观中的组合受到空间、时间、环境和入侵梯度的复杂相互作用的影响。然而，对于这些驱动因素的相对重要性及其在形成功能组合过程中的相互作用，人们仍然缺乏了解。我们的研究旨在调查这些驱动因素对溪流鱼类元群落功能组合的相对影响。方法我们分析了溪流鱼类元群落的长期（18 年）数据集，重点关注功能多样性（Q）、冗余性（R）和物种优势（D）的变化。利用三元图将功能多样性分解为 Q、R 和 D 三部分，并将多样性模式可视化。结果原生鱼类群落的功能多样性（Q）较低，但冗余度（R）和优势度（D）较高，表明存在功能趋同和优势。溪流栖息地大小、网络位置以及相关的空间、物理和化学梯度一直是 D 和 R 的重要驱动因素。主要结论我们的研究结果表明，环境过滤和物种间相互作用，特别是入侵者和本地人之间的性状相似性，塑造了溪流鱼类元群落的功能组合。尽管时间上的方向性变化极小，但环境驱动因素对本地鱼类群落的长期多样性模式产生了主要影响，盖过了入侵效应。我们的发现强调了在理解功能组合时考虑环境过滤机制和物种间相互作用的重要性。此外，将多样性分解框架与预测建模联合应用，可以全面了解整个生态群落的功能多样性和集合模式。

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引用次数: 0

Problems with combining modelling and social science approaches to understand artisanal fisheries bycatch 结合建模和社会科学方法了解个体渔业兼捕渔获物的问题

IF 4.6 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Diversity and Distributions

Pub Date : 2024-08-28 DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13918

Daniel A. Villar, Edwin R. Gutiérrez Tito, Paola Velásquez‐Noriega, Anahi Cosky Paca‐Condori, Edmundo G. Moreno Terrazas, Alfredo Balcón Cuno, Ronald Hinojosa Cárdenas, Carmen Villanueva, Patrick Chapman, Luca Chiaverini, Jorgelina Marino, Andrew G. Gosler

AimArtisanal fisheries account for 40% of the world's fisheries catch, yet its environmental impacts remain poorly understood. This is especially the case in developing countries. In this study, we sought to integrate Local Fisher's Knowledge with distribution modelling to estimate the annual bycatch of Titicaca Grebe (Rollandia microptera), an endangered endemic bird from Lake Titicaca whose main anthropogenic threat is bycatch.LocationLake Titicaca, Peru and Bolivia.MethodsWe conducted transect and point counts of fishing nets in March–September 2022 and conducted interviews with fishers across the Lake Titicaca region. Using bathymetry, distance from shore, distance from a settlement, distance from the protected area, presence/absence of aquaculture, distance from aquaculture, and wetland cover, we constructed a distribution model of fisheries using maximum entropy modelling. We conducted interviews with fishers asking about the frequency of grebe bycatch and conducted short‐term monitoring at various sites while conducting transect points for dead grebes.ResultsWe estimate 3270 km2 of the surface area of Lake Titicaca is used for fishing, which amounts to 39.40% of the lake's surface area. The area under the curve (AUC) of the distribution model was 0.89 and the True Skill Statistic was 0.67, which suggests maximum entropy modelling can model fisheries occurrence. The results of our interviews suggested a biologically implausible large number of grebes caught as bycatch annually. The cultural context of the interviews, including potential influences of non‐response and social‐desirability bias, being with fishers who often view the Titicaca Grebe as a nuisance species, might have caused over‐reporting of bycatch and hence led to these implausible figures.Main ConclusionsIt is possible to map fisheries using distribution models as one might with species. However, obtaining accurate measures of fisheries bycatch through interviews is more difficult, due to cultural factors which affect the accuracy in fisher's responses. While we hope that this method provides a low‐cost alternative to monitoring, it is not a suitable replacement for it.

目标手工渔业占世界渔业捕获量的 40%，但其对环境的影响仍鲜为人知。发展中国家的情况尤其如此。在这项研究中，我们试图将当地渔民的知识与分布模型结合起来，以估算的的喀喀湖濒危特有鸟类罗兰迪亚䴙䴘（Rollandia microptera）的年误捕量，这种鸟类的主要人为威胁是误捕。我们利用水深测量、与海岸的距离、与居民点的距离、与保护区的距离、有无水产养殖、与水产养殖的距离以及湿地覆盖率，使用最大熵模型构建了渔业分布模型。我们对捕鱼者进行了访谈，询问他们误捕鸊鷉的频率，并在不同地点进行了短期监测，同时对死亡鸊鷉进行了横断面测量。分布模型的曲线下面积（AUC）为 0.89，真实技能统计量为 0.67，这表明最大熵模型可以模拟渔业的发生。我们的访谈结果表明，每年作为副渔获物被捕获的鸊鷉数量之大在生物学上是难以置信的。访谈的文化背景（包括无响应和社会可取性偏差的潜在影响）以及访谈对象通常将的的喀喀鸊鷉视为讨厌物种的渔民，可能会导致对副渔获物的过度报告，从而导致这些难以置信的数字。然而，由于文化因素影响了渔民回答的准确性，通过访谈获得准确的渔业混获量比较困难。虽然我们希望这种方法能为监测提供一种低成本的替代方法，但它并不能取代监测。

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引用次数: 0

A race against extinction: The challenge to overcome the Linnean amphibian shortfall in tropical biodiversity hotspots 与灭绝赛跑：克服热带生物多样性热点地区林氏两栖动物短缺的挑战

IF 4.6 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Diversity and Distributions

Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13912

Albert Carné, David R. Vieites

<div> <section> <h3> Aim</h3> <p>There is an urgent need to explore, characterize, describe and preserve as many species as possible to prevent their decline. Tropical biodiversity hotspots harbour most of the known land diversity and vast amounts of undiscovered and undescribed species. Here, we quantify the taxonomically unassessed amphibian species richness in Madagascar, one of the best-studied and explored tropical hotspots worldwide, to identify knowledge gaps and conservation implications.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Location</h3> <p>Madagascar.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Time Period</h3> <p>Present.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Major Taxa Studied</h3> <p>Amphibians.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>We used the Madagascar amphibian fauna as a model to unveil neglected diversity by analysing 10,873 mitochondrial sequences using species delimitation algorithms and incorporating all previously published bioacoustics, distributional, morphological and nuclear data with an integrative approach.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>Besides the currently described 413 species, we identified 408 divergent lineages. Among this, 310 fit the category of candidate species pending a taxonomic assessment, while 98 are considered deep conspecific lineages. These figures suggest that species richness could be twice as high as represented in the current taxonomy. Geographically, most of these candidate species occur in well-studied areas within the island.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Main Conclusions</h3> <p>Despite being one of the best-studied and explored tropical countries worldwide for amphibians, we found that many species are awaiting a taxonomic assessment in Madagascar. Paradoxically, this unassessed diversity concentrates on highly explored regions, emphasizing the importance of exploring and inventorying new areas. Our results highlight the magnitude of the Linnean and Wallacean shortfalls, affecting both species richness estimates and the distribution ranges and biogeographic setting known for this fauna. Current conservation efforts should consider this novel diversity and unexplored areas as they will likely harbour yet many new species to be discovered. We expect similar patterns across less studied tropical realm

目标迫切需要探索、描述和保护尽可能多的物种，以防止其减少。热带生物多样性热点地区蕴藏着大部分已知陆地多样性以及大量未被发现和描述的物种。马达加斯加是世界上研究和探索得最好的热带热点地区之一，在这里，我们量化了马达加斯加在分类学上未评估的两栖动物物种丰富度，以确定知识差距和保护意义。方法我们将马达加斯加两栖动物群作为一个模型，使用物种划分算法分析了 10,873 个线粒体序列，并通过综合方法纳入了所有以前发表的生物声学、分布、形态和核数据，从而揭示了被忽视的多样性。其中，310 个物种被列为候选物种，有待进行分类评估，98 个物种被视为深度同种系。这些数字表明，物种丰富度可能是目前分类法所代表物种丰富度的两倍。主要结论尽管马达加斯加是世界上对两栖动物研究和探索最深入的热带国家之一，但我们发现马达加斯加仍有许多物种等待分类评估。矛盾的是，这些未评估的多样性集中在开发程度较高的地区，这就强调了探索和清查新地区的重要性。我们的研究结果凸显了林奈和华莱士分类法的不足，这既影响了物种丰富度的估计，也影响了该动物群已知的分布范围和生物地理环境。当前的保护工作应考虑到这种新的多样性和未开发地区，因为它们很可能蕴藏着许多有待发现的新物种。我们预计研究较少的热带地区也会出现类似的模式，并鼓励研究人员在这些被忽视的生物多样性无可挽回地消失之前，在不同支系中开展此类研究。

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引用次数: 0

Mapping opportunities and barriers for coexistence between people and pumas in the Argentine Dry Chaco 绘制阿根廷干查科地区人与美洲狮共存的机遇与障碍图

IF 4.6 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Diversity and Distributions

Pub Date : 2024-08-20 DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13920

A. Sofía Nanni, Arash Ghoddousi, Alfredo Romero-Muñoz, Matthias Baumann, Jamie Burton, Micaela Camino, Julieta Decarre, Felipe Martello, André Luis Regolin, Tobias Kuemmerle

Aim

The persistence of large carnivore populations depends on their survival outside protected areas, where they often impact local livelihoods through livestock depredation. Understanding the impacts of human behaviour on large carnivores in shared landscapes is thus important but is often overlooked in habitat assessments or conservation planning. We employed an integrated approach that considers human behaviour and landscape structure metrics to assess the potential for human-puma (Puma concolor) coexistence in the Chaco region, a global deforestation and defaunation hotspot.

Location

Argentine Dry Chaco (~490,000 km²).

Methods

We identified suitable puma habitat patches and movement areas using occupancy modelling and combined it with a spatial human-puma conflict risk model based on interview data to identify ‘safe’ and ‘unsafe’ habitat patches. We then used resistance surfaces to identify ‘safe’ and ‘unsafe’ movement areas, as well as ‘severed’ movement areas where anthropogenic land conversion inhibits movement.

Results

Safe puma habitat patches (i.e., suitable and safe) covered 29% of the region, whereas attractive sinks (i.e., suitable but risky) represented 12%. Movement areas corresponded to 60% of the region, while conflict risk and high landscape resistance undermined connectivity: unsafe and severed movement areas covered 10% and 11% of the region, respectively. Nearly 98% of safe habitat and movement areas occurred outside protected areas.

Main Conclusions

We provide an integrated conceptual framework and spatial explicit template for a three-pronged conservation strategy to (1) protect safe habitat and movement areas, (2) mitigate livestock depredation in attractive sinks and unsafe movement areas and (3) restore landscape in severed and matrix areas to improve ecological connectivity. This would allow pumas to maintain viable populations while reducing negative impacts on local people. More generally, we show how integrating habitat and conflict risk models can reveal opportunities and challenges for human-carnivore coexistence beyond protected areas.

目的大型食肉动物种群的存活取决于它们在保护区外的生存，在保护区外，它们往往会通过捕食牲畜影响当地的生计。因此，了解人类行为对共享景观中大型食肉动物的影响非常重要，但在栖息地评估或保护规划中却经常被忽视。我们采用了一种考虑人类行为和景观结构度量的综合方法来评估查科地区人类与美洲狮（Puma concolor）共存的潜力，该地区是全球森林砍伐和荒漠化的热点地区。方法我们利用占用模型确定了合适的美洲狮栖息地斑块和移动区域，并将其与基于访谈数据的空间人类与美洲狮冲突风险模型相结合，以确定 "安全 "和 "不安全 "的栖息地斑块。然后，我们使用阻力面来识别 "安全 "和 "不安全 "的移动区域，以及人为土地转换阻碍移动的 "切断 "移动区域。结果安全的美洲狮栖息地斑块（即合适且安全）覆盖了该地区 29% 的面积，而有吸引力的汇集地（即合适但有风险）则占 12%。美洲狮的活动区域占整个区域的 60%，而冲突风险和高景观阻力破坏了区域的连通性：不安全和被切断的活动区域分别占整个区域的 10% 和 11%。近 98% 的安全栖息地和移动区域位于保护区之外。主要结论我们为三管齐下的保护战略提供了一个综合概念框架和明确的空间模板，该战略旨在：（1）保护安全栖息地和移动区域；（2）在有吸引力的汇水区和不安全的移动区域减少牲畜捕食；（3）在断裂和基质区域恢复景观以改善生态连通性。这将使美洲狮在减少对当地居民负面影响的同时，保持种群的活力。更广泛地说，我们展示了如何通过整合栖息地和冲突风险模型来揭示保护区之外人类与食肉动物共存的机遇和挑战。

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引用次数: 0

Cover page 封面

IF 4.6 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Diversity and Distributions

Pub Date : 2024-08-19 DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13871

The cover image relates to Research Article https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13903 “Biogeographic patterns of Pacific white-sided dolphins based on long-term passive acoustic records” by Alksne et al. An adult and calf pair of Pacific white-sided dolphins porpoising off the coast of Southern California. Photo credit, Katherine Whitaker, California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigation (CalCOFI), taken under NMFS permit no. 22835.

封面图片与研究文章 https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13903 "基于长期被动声学记录的太平洋白边海豚生物地理模式 "有关，作者为 Alksne 等人。一对太平洋白边海豚成豚和幼豚在南加州海岸附近游弋。照片来源：凯瑟琳-惠特克（Katherine Whitaker），加州海洋渔业合作调查（CalCOFI），根据美国国家海洋渔业局 22835 号许可证拍摄。

引用次数: 0

How would estimation of geographic range shifts of marine fishes be different when using occurrence and abundance data? 在使用发生率和丰度数据时，对海洋鱼类地理范围变化的估计有何不同？

IF 4.6 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Diversity and Distributions

Pub Date : 2024-08-18 DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13919

Yin-Zheng Lai, Ying-Chung Jimmy Lin, Chia-Ying Ko

Aim

Geographic range shifts are a common species' response to climate change. While occurrence data are commonly used to estimate species' geographical range shifts, ongoing debate suggests that local abundance data may be increasingly important for the estimates, but few studies have investigated differences between the above two types of data. We aimed to explore whether occurrence and abundance data would result in different patterns of geographic range shifts for marine fishes.

Location

Northeast US Continental Shelf, North Sea, and East Bering Sea.

Methods

We used bottom trawl datasets since 1968 in the three large marine communities to assess whether data types would affect estimated shifts in marine fish species. The range centroids of individual species were first estimated every year and linear regressions were fitted to estimate shift rates in both longitudinal and latitudinal directions. The average range centroids of the last 5 years were used to compare differences between the data types in species' shifts. We then grouped species by traits to overview species compositions.

Results

Significant differences in shift trends between regressions based on annual occurrence- and abundance-based range centroids were found in species' longitudinal shifts, particularly in the Northeast US Continental Shelf and North Sea. Approximately 38.5%–45.9% of fish species in the large marine communities had inconsistent shift directions when estimated by different data types. In comparison with the average range centroids of the last 5 years between the two data types, large changes were identified in the magnitudes of the shift distances towards the east and west. Fish species with inconsistent shifts between the two data types were mostly composed of commercial and demersal species.

Main Conclusions

The results provide observed differences over decades and suggest caution on the estimation of species' geographic range shifts using occurrence and abundance data and highlight the differences for future assessments of marine species shifts under climate change.

目的地理分布范围变化是物种对气候变化的常见反应。虽然发生数据通常用于估算物种的地理范围变化，但目前的争论表明，当地的丰度数据对于估算可能越来越重要，但很少有研究调查上述两类数据之间的差异。我们的目的是探讨发生率和丰度数据是否会导致海洋鱼类地理范围移动的不同模式。方法我们使用了自 1968 年以来这三个大型海洋群落的底拖网数据集，以评估数据类型是否会影响海洋鱼类物种的估计移动。首先每年估算单个物种的范围中心点，然后进行线性回归，以估算经度和纬度方向的迁移率。用过去 5 年的平均范围中心值来比较不同数据类型在物种迁移方面的差异。结果发现，在物种的纵向移动中，基于年出现量和基于丰度的范围中心值的回归结果在移动趋势上存在显著差异，尤其是在美国东北部大陆架和北海。在大型海洋群落中，约有 38.5%-45.9%的鱼类物种在不同数据类型的估算下具有不一致的移动方向。与两种数据类型最近 5 年的平均范围中心值相比，发现向东和向西移动距离的幅度变化很大。主要结论这些结果提供了几十年来观察到的差异，建议谨慎使用物种出现和丰度数据估计物种的地理范围变化，并强调了未来评估气候变化下海洋物种变化的差异。

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引用次数: 0

Integrating multiple data sources to develop range and area of habitat maps tailored for local contexts 整合多种数据源，绘制适合当地情况的生境范围和面积图

IF 4.6 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Diversity and Distributions

Pub Date : 2024-08-15 DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13917

Andres Felipe Suárez-Castro, Orlando Acevedo-Charry, Luis Hernando Romero Jiménez, Elkin A. Noguera-Urbano, Fernando Ayerbe-Quiñones, Natalia Ocampo-Peñuela

Aim

Global species distribution maps tend to be limited to a reduced number of species or are too coarse to inform ecological research and conservation actions at local scales. We developed a workflow to generate species range and area of habitat (AOH) maps tailored to local contexts based on expert information, community science observations and an ecoregion approach. We also developed a workflow to increase transparency in range maps and map the areas of uncertainty at the species and community levels using community science data.

Location

North-Western South America.

Methods

We combined expert knowledge, community science observations, a new map of ecoregions for Colombia and national maps of land cover to produce species range and AOH maps for 94% of the terrestrial resident birds of Colombia (1633 species). We used community science records to validate the range maps and produce a species-specific layer of uncertainty by calculating the distance between pixels classified as habitat and species occurrence points.

Results

Compared to previous efforts, the new maps have higher species coverage and produced better validation scores for more than 50% of the species analysed. In addition, the produced maps also show macroecological patterns that follow natural boundaries, significantly improving the arbitrary patterns observed in previous mapping efforts. Uncertainty maps illustrate the spatial resolution and the extent at which these maps can be used with the highest confidence and highlight poorly surveyed areas that require extensive sampling.

Main Conclusions

Combining information from expert sources, field observations and broad macroecological patterns is key to improve AOH maps that are fitted to local applications. Our uncertainty analysis can also guide concerted national efforts to survey specific localities. Our workflow can be used in multiple regions, countries and for other taxa, and we expect that it will improve local estimates of biogeographical and species diversity patterns.

目的全球物种分布图往往局限于数量较少的物种，或者过于粗糙，无法为地方尺度的生态研究和保护行动提供信息。我们根据专家信息、社区科学观测结果和生态区方法开发了一套工作流程，用于生成适合当地情况的物种分布范围和栖息地面积（AOH）地图。我们将专家知识、社区科学观察结果、哥伦比亚新生态区地图和国家土地覆盖地图结合起来，绘制了哥伦比亚 94% 陆地留鸟（1633 种）的物种分布和栖息地面积地图。我们利用社区科学记录来验证分布图，并通过计算被归类为栖息地的像素点与物种出现点之间的距离来生成特定物种的不确定性层。此外，绘制的地图还显示了遵循自然边界的宏观生态模式，大大改善了以往绘图工作中观察到的任意模式。不确定性地图说明了这些地图的空间分辨率和可信度，并突出了需要进行广泛采样的调查不足地区。我们的不确定性分析还可以指导各国共同努力调查特定地区。我们的工作流程可用于多个地区、国家和其他类群，我们希望它能改善当地对生物地理和物种多样性模式的估计。

{"title":"Integrating multiple data sources to develop range and area of habitat maps tailored for local contexts","authors":"Andres Felipe Suárez-Castro, Orlando Acevedo-Charry, Luis Hernando Romero Jiménez, Elkin A. Noguera-Urbano, Fernando Ayerbe-Quiñones, Natalia Ocampo-Peñuela","doi":"10.1111/ddi.13917","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ddi.13917","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Global species distribution maps tend to be limited to a reduced number of species or are too coarse to inform ecological research and conservation actions at local scales. We developed a workflow to generate species range and area of habitat (AOH) maps tailored to local contexts based on expert information, community science observations and an ecoregion approach. We also developed a workflow to increase transparency in range maps and map the areas of uncertainty at the species and community levels using community science data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>North-Western South America.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We combined expert knowledge, community science observations, a new map of ecoregions for Colombia and national maps of land cover to produce species range and AOH maps for 94% of the terrestrial resident birds of Colombia (1633 species). We used community science records to validate the range maps and produce a species-specific layer of uncertainty by calculating the distance between pixels classified as habitat and species occurrence points.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Compared to previous efforts, the new maps have higher species coverage and produced better validation scores for more than 50% of the species analysed. In addition, the produced maps also show macroecological patterns that follow natural boundaries, significantly improving the arbitrary patterns observed in previous mapping efforts. Uncertainty maps illustrate the spatial resolution and the extent at which these maps can be used with the highest confidence and highlight poorly surveyed areas that require extensive sampling.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Combining information from expert sources, field observations and broad macroecological patterns is key to improve AOH maps that are fitted to local applications. Our uncertainty analysis can also guide concerted national efforts to survey specific localities. Our workflow can be used in multiple regions, countries and for other taxa, and we expect that it will improve local estimates of biogeographical and species diversity patterns.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"30 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.13917","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142212527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Seasonal patterns of juvenile fish assemblages in the surf zones of tropical sandy beaches along Gaolong Bay, Hainan Island, China 中国海南岛高隆湾热带沙滩冲浪区幼鱼群的季节模式

IF 4.6 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Diversity and Distributions

Pub Date : 2024-08-13 DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13913

Wentong Xia, Zhongbo Miao, Kai Chen, Ying Lu, Sai Wang, Junying Zhu, Songguang Xie

Aim

Surf zones are crucial nursery habitats for the early life stages of fish species associated with typical coastal ecosystems. However, little is known about the temporal patterns and drivers of fish assemblages in tropical surf zones. This study aimed to assess the (1) main changes in fish community structure throughout 1 year, (2) seasonal dynamic patterns in fish assemblages, and (3) key factors influencing fish assemblages in the tropical surf zones.

Location

Gaolong Bay, Wenchang City, Hainan Island, China.

Methods

Fish sampling was conducted monthly from June 2021 to May 2022 using a beach seine net. Fish species were identified using both morphological and molecular analyses. Kruskal–Wallis test, analysis of similarity, non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis, and similarity percentage analysis were used to investigate the temporal fish assemblage patterns. Generalised additive models and canonical correspondence analysis were used to assess how environmental variables influence fish assemblages.

Results

We identified 83 fish species, which were grouped into three ecotypes based on their primary habitat: coral reef-seagrass-associated species (CS) (35), mangrove-estuarine-associated species (ME) (30), and common coastal-estuarine-associated species (CE) (18). Most captured individuals were juveniles, and fish abundance and diversity were highest in May. Most CS species were abundant between March and May. ME and most CE species were dominant from June to August, and Mugilidae (CE) was abundant between October and February. Furthermore, surf fish assemblages were substantially influenced by tidal level, water temperature, conductivity, pH, turbidity, and dissolved oxygen.

Conclusions

Juvenile fish were abundant in May and fish species with three ecotypes alternate in the surf zones throughout the year. Counter to much current thinking, March maybe the spawn peak of most fish species in the studied area, and we suggest that the fishing ban period could start from March instead of May in the inshore areas of Hainan Island.

目的冲浪区是与典型沿海生态系统有关的鱼类早期生命阶段的重要育苗生境。然而，人们对热带冲浪区鱼类群落的时间模式和驱动因素知之甚少。本研究旨在评估（1）热带冲浪区鱼类群落结构在一年中的主要变化；（2）鱼类群落的季节性动态模式；以及（3）影响鱼类群落的关键因素。方法从 2021 年 6 月至 2022 年 5 月，每月使用海滩围网进行鱼类采样。采用形态学和分子分析鉴定鱼类物种。采用 Kruskal-Wallis 检验、相似性分析、非度量多维尺度分析和相似百分比分析来研究鱼类的时间组合模式。结果我们鉴定了 83 种鱼类，根据其主要栖息地分为三种生态类型：珊瑚礁-海草相关物种（CS）（35 种）、红树林-河口相关物种（ME）（30 种）和普通沿海-河口相关物种（CE）（18 种）。大多数捕获的个体是幼鱼，鱼类丰度和多样性在 5 月份最高。大多数 CS 种类在 3 月至 5 月间大量出现。ME 和大多数 CE 鱼种在 6 月至 8 月间占优势，鲻科（CE）在 10 月至 2 月间大量出现。此外，潮汐水位、水温、电导率、pH 值、浊度和溶解氧也对冲浪鱼类的组合产生了很大影响。与目前的观点相反，3 月可能是研究区域大多数鱼类的产卵高峰期，因此我们建议海南岛近岸区域的禁渔期可以从 3 月而不是 5 月开始。

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引用次数: 0

Soundscapes and airborne laser scanning identify vegetation density and its interaction with elevation as main driver of bird diversity and community composition 声景和机载激光扫描确定植被密度及其与海拔的相互作用是鸟类多样性和群落组成的主要驱动因素

IF 4.6 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Diversity and Distributions

Pub Date : 2024-08-12 DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13905

Sebastian Seibold, Tobias Richter, Lisa Geres, Rupert Seidl, Ralph Martin, Oliver Mitesser, Cornelius Senf, Lukas Griem, Jörg Müller

Aim

Mountain ecosystems are hotspots of biodiversity due to their high variation in climate and habitats. Yet, above average rates of climate change and enhanced forest disturbance regimes alter local climatic conditions and vegetation structure, which should impact biodiversity. We here investigated the impact of vegetation and elevation as well as their interactions on bird communities to improve our ability to predict climate change effects on bird communities.

Location

European Alps, Germany.

Methods

We studied patterns and drivers of bird communities at 213 plots along gradients in vegetation density and elevation using autonomous sound recorders. Bird species were identified from soundscapes by Convolutional Neural Networks (BirdNET) and taxonomists.

Results

Bird diversity and community metrics were moderately to strongly correlated for data based on either identification by BirdNET or taxonomists (Pearson's r = .47–.94), and ecological findings were overall similar for both datasets. Vegetation density 1–2 m and >2 m above ground strongly affected bird diversity and community composition and mediated effects of elevation. Community composition changed with elevation more strongly in habitats with low than high vegetation density >2 m. Species numbers decreased with elevation in habitats with low vegetation density 1–2 m and >2 m above ground, but increased in habitats with high vegetation density. Overall, functional and phylogenetic diversity increased with elevation indicating lower habitat filtering, but patterns were also mediated by vegetation density.

Main Conclusions

Our results indicate that bird communities in the German Alps are determined by strong interactive effects of elevation and vegetation, underlining the importance to consider variation in vegetation in studies of biodiversity patterns along elevational gradients and under climate change. Combining remote sensing data and biodiversity monitoring based on autonomous sampling and AI-based species identification opens new avenues for bird monitoring and research in remote areas.

目的山区生态系统因其气候和栖息地的高度差异而成为生物多样性的热点地区。然而，高于平均水平的气候变化速度和森林干扰机制的加强改变了当地的气候条件和植被结构，从而影响了生物多样性。我们在此研究了植被和海拔以及它们之间的相互作用对鸟类群落的影响，以提高我们预测气候变化对鸟类群落影响的能力。方法我们利用自主声音记录器研究了植被密度和海拔梯度上 213 个地块的鸟类群落模式和驱动因素。结果对于基于 BirdNET 或分类学家识别的数据，鸟类多样性和群落指标具有中度到高度相关性（Pearson's r = .47-.94），两种数据集的生态学发现总体上相似。离地面 1-2 米和 2 米处的植被密度对鸟类多样性和群落组成有很大影响，并介导了海拔的影响。在植被密度较低的生境中，群落组成随海拔高度的变化比植被密度较高的生境更强烈。在植被密度较低的生境中，物种数量随海拔高度的增加而减少，但在植被密度较高的生境中则有所增加。主要结论我们的研究结果表明，德国阿尔卑斯山的鸟类群落是由海拔高度和植被的强烈交互作用决定的，这强调了在研究海拔梯度和气候变化下的生物多样性模式时考虑植被变化的重要性。基于自主采样和人工智能物种识别的遥感数据和生物多样性监测相结合，为偏远地区的鸟类监测和研究开辟了新途径。

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引用次数: 0