Diversity and Distributions最新文献_第7页

Bird Phylogenetic Diversity Increases With Temperature Worldwide 全球鸟类系统发育多样性随温度升高而增加

IF 4.6 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Diversity and Distributions

Pub Date : 2024-10-07 DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13930

Pelayo Barrios, Carlos Martinez-Nuñez

Aim

Temperature significantly influences the composition and structure of biotic communities at large scales. While its role in shaping taxonomic diversity is well-documented, its relationship with other facets of biodiversity, like phylogenetic diversity, remains poorly known. Understanding how and to which extent temperature contributes to global patterns of phylogenetic diversity compared to other biodiversity-structuring factors is crucial for comprehending how bird assemblages are structured worldwide, predicting their response to global-change drivers and supporting conservation policies focused on preserving bird genetic diversity and evolutionary history.

Location

Worldwide.

Methods

We analyse the role of temperature in predicting bird regional phylogenetic richness (PD) and divergence (MPD) worldwide, before and after controlling for the effect of species richness (SR). We also assess the shape of this relationship in different biogeographic realms and compare its explanatory power with other key biodiversity-structuring factors such as elevation, human impact index, net primary productivity and land use diversity.

Results

Our findings underscore the high significance and consistency of temperature as a key predictor positively associated with bird PD and MPD across the six main biogeographic realms, even after accounting for SR and latitude, suggesting that temperature modulates the intrinsic capacity of environments to support a diverse array of lineages. In addition, PD and MPD tended to increase at low elevations, but the human-impact index did not effectively predict bird phylogenetic diversity at this scale. Furthermore, high PD was linked to regions with high primary productivity and high land-use diversity, although both of these relationships were strongly mediated by SR.

Conclusions

This study unveils the key role of temperature in explaining bird phylogenetic diversity worldwide over other key biodiversity-structuring factors and points to the profound implications that climate change will have on the amount of evolutionary history held in bird assemblages, beyond species extinctions or range shifts alone.

气温在很大程度上影响着生物群落的组成和结构。虽然温度在形成分类多样性方面的作用已得到充分证实，但它与生物多样性的其他方面（如系统发育多样性）之间的关系仍鲜为人知。与其他生物多样性结构因素相比，了解温度如何以及在多大程度上影响全球系统发育多样性模式，对于理解全球鸟类群落的结构、预测它们对全球变化驱动因素的反应以及支持以保护鸟类遗传多样性和进化历史为重点的保护政策至关重要。地点：全球。方法在控制物种丰富度（SR）的影响之前和之后，我们分析了温度在预测全球鸟类区域系统发育丰富度（PD）和分化（MPD）方面的作用。我们还评估了这一关系在不同生物地理区域的形态，并将其解释力与海拔高度、人类影响指数、净初级生产力和土地利用多样性等其他关键生物多样性构建因素进行了比较。结果我们的研究结果表明，即使考虑了SR和纬度因素，在六个主要生物地理区域中，温度作为与鸟类PD和MPD正相关的关键预测因子，其显著性和一致性都很高，这表明温度可以调节环境的内在能力，以支持多种多样的物种。此外，PD 和 MPD 在低海拔地区呈上升趋势，但人类影响指数并不能有效预测这一范围内的鸟类系统发育多样性。此外，高PD与高初级生产力和高土地利用多样性的地区有关，尽管这两种关系都受到SR的强烈影响。结论本研究揭示了温度在解释全球鸟类系统发育多样性方面的关键作用，超过了其他关键的生物多样性构建因素，并指出气候变化将对鸟类群落中进化历史的数量产生深远影响，而不仅仅是物种灭绝或分布范围的变化。

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引用次数: 0

Global Variability of Degree Distribution in Marine Food Webs 海洋食物网中度分布的全球变异性

IF 4.6 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Diversity and Distributions

Pub Date : 2024-10-07 DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13927

Yan Xu, Ferenc Jordán, Mingliang Zhou, Xumeng Huo, Yanpeng Cai, Syed Aziz Ur Rehman, Jun Sun

Aim

In complex networks, the degree distribution varies and provides an insight into the general structure of the system. For example, it may show scale-free characteristics of the network, indicating higher vulnerability against non-random disturbances. However, investigating its spatio-temporal variability, degree distribution in marine food webs remains an unresolved issue. In this paper, we focus on describing the global variability of degree distribution in marine food webs.

Location

Global.

Methods

We studied 105 marine food webs. By Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, and kernel density estimation, we determined the degree distribution of each food web, described its spatio-temporal pattern and quantified the correlation between relevant parameters as a function of the scale-free property of the degree distribution.

Results

Marine food webs around the globe did not strictly exhibit scale-free characteristics in most regions, and only below 5% of the food webs entered the “strongest fit” level of the scale-free network. We also find food webs in the polar regions indicate relatively high goodness-of-fit to scale-free networks. The upwelling ecosystem related to ocean currents is prone to form a scale-free web, which exhibits periodic scale-free characteristics. The ecosystem types with relatively ‘low fit’ levels were mainly concentrated in the ecosystems heavily influenced by human activities.

Main Conclusions

This research will enhance the research in terms of (a) classifying degree distribution in marine food webs; (b) revealing the variability in the spatial pattern of particular distributions, for example, the scale-free characteristics and (c) exploring the distribution of in-degree in space, quantifying the proportion of generalist and specialist species, as a potential indicator of adaptive potential of ecosystems. This research contributes to our understanding of the scale-free features of marine food webs globally. It also offers a real systems-based conservation approach to assess the spatial heterogeneity of the structural vulnerability of marine ecosystems.

目的在复杂的网络中，阶数分布各不相同，可以让人了解系统的总体结构。例如，它可能显示出网络的无标度特征，表明网络在非随机干扰面前更脆弱。然而，研究海洋食物网中的度分布的时空变异性仍是一个悬而未决的问题。在本文中，我们将重点描述海洋食物网中度分布的全球变异性。地点全球。方法我们研究了 105 个海洋食物网。通过 Kolmogorov-Smirnov 检验和核密度估计，我们确定了每个食物网的阶数分布，描述了其时空模式，并量化了相关参数之间的相关性，将其作为阶数分布无标度特性的函数。结果发现，全球大部分地区的海洋食物网并没有严格表现出无标度特征，只有不到 5%的食物网进入了无标度网络的 "最强拟合 "级别。我们还发现极地地区的食物网与无标度网络的拟合度相对较高。与洋流相关的上升流生态系统容易形成无标度网，表现出周期性的无标度特征。拟合度相对较低的生态系统类型主要集中在受人类活动影响较大的生态系统中。主要结论这项研究将加强以下方面的研究：（a）对海洋食物网中的度分布进行分类；（b）揭示特定分布的空间模式的变异性，例如无尺度特征；以及（c）探索空间中的度分布，量化通性物种和专性物种的比例，作为生态系统适应潜力的潜在指标。这项研究有助于我们了解全球海洋食物网的无尺度特征。它还提供了一种真正基于系统的保护方法，用于评估海洋生态系统结构脆弱性的空间异质性。

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引用次数: 0

A Functional Assessment of Community Vulnerability to the Loss of Myrtaceae From Myrtle Rust 桃金娘锈病造成桃金娘科植物损失的群落脆弱性功能评估

IF 4.6 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Diversity and Distributions

Pub Date : 2024-10-07 DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13928

James K. McCarthy, Sarah J. Richardson, Insu Jo, Susan K. Wiser, Tomás A. Easdale, James D. Shepherd, Peter J. Bellingham

Aim

Woody ecosystems provide critical ecosystem functions and services but are increasingly threatened as invasive pathogens spread globally. Myrtle rust, caused by Austropuccinia psidii, arrived in New Zealand in 2017 and infects at least 12 of 18 species in the susceptible Myrtaceae plant family. Among these are species of structural, successional and cultural importance. We aim to assess whether the functional consequences of Myrtaceae loss could be mitigated if co-occurring species with shared functional attributes are able to replace them.

Location

New Zealand (but with concepts and methodologies that apply globally).

Methods

Using a nationwide forest and shrubland plot data set, we assessed community vulnerability to the loss of Myrtaceae species by analysing proportional changes in average trait values when they are absent and produced spatial predictions indicating where species loss might have the greatest impact on community functionality. We then assessed whether compensatory infilling by co-occurring species would mediate community vulnerability.

Results

Forests and shrublands containing Kunzea ericoides and Leptospermum scoparium are highly vulnerable to their loss. Areas most vulnerable overall are the central and south-eastern North Island, north-eastern South Island and Stewart Island. For all species, compensatory infilling moderated the impact of their loss. However, if co-occurring Myrtaceae were unable to respond, possibly if they were also infected, community vulnerability almost always increased because infilling species had different functional attributes, compounding the functional impact.

Main Conclusions

Early successional woody plant communities and Myrtaceae-dominated old-growth forests are at most risk. Our spatial assessment of species-level functional impacts from myrtle rust will facilitate better-informed landscape-level responses. Management actions and monitoring can now be targeted to areas and communities at greatest risk of losing ecosystem-level processes.

目的林木生态系统提供了重要的生态系统功能和服务，但随着入侵病原体在全球范围内蔓延，林木生态系统正日益受到威胁。由Austropuccinia psidii引起的桃金娘锈病于2017年传入新西兰，感染了易感桃金娘科植物18个物种中的至少12个。其中包括具有结构、演替和文化重要性的物种。我们旨在评估，如果具有共同功能属性的共生物种能够取代桃金娘科植物，是否可以减轻其消失所带来的功能性后果。地点新西兰（但概念和方法适用于全球）。方法我们利用全国范围内的森林和灌木地小区数据集，通过分析桃金娘科物种消失时平均性状值的比例变化，评估群落对桃金娘科物种消失的脆弱性，并得出空间预测结果，指出物种消失可能对群落功能产生最大影响的地方。然后，我们评估了共生物种的补偿性填充是否会调节群落的脆弱性。结果含有 Kunzea ericoides 和 Leptospermum scoparium 的森林和灌木林极易受到物种消失的影响。北岛中部和东南部、南岛东北部以及斯图尔特岛是最脆弱的地区。对所有物种而言，补偿性填充都能减缓其消失的影响。然而，如果共生的桃金娘科植物无法做出反应，可能是因为它们也受到了感染，群落的脆弱性几乎总是会增加，因为填充物种具有不同的功能属性，从而加剧了功能影响。主要结论早期演替木本植物群落和桃金娘科为主的古老森林面临的风险最大。我们对桃金娘锈病在物种层面上的功能影响进行的空间评估将有助于在景观层面上采取更明智的应对措施。现在，管理行动和监测工作可以有针对性地针对最有可能丧失生态系统级过程的地区和群落。

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引用次数: 0

Identifying Gaps in the Protection of Mediterranean Seagrass Habitats Using Network-Based Prioritisation 利用基于网络的优先排序确定地中海海草栖息地保护方面的差距

IF 4.6 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Diversity and Distributions

Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13922

Damiano Baldan, Yohann Chauvier-Mendes, Fabrizio Gianni, Gianpiero Cossarini, Vinko Bandelj

Aim

Seagrass meadows represent a key marine ecosystem owing to the significant biodiversity they host. Protection actions are often implemented without considering connectivity between habitats. In this article, we project and prioritise Mediterranean seagrass habitats (Posidonia oceanica and Cymodocea nodosa) based on their potential as sources/retention and stepping stones for dispersal propagules of the associated biotic communities. We use this information to identify gaps in the protection of highly ranked habitats.

Location

Mediterranean Sea.

Methods

We related seagrass observations with marine environmental predictors to run species distribution models and infer the distribution of Mediterranean seagrasses. We then used a network-based approach (CONEFOR) to rank patches of seagrass suitable areas based on their contribution to the seascape in terms of patch area, potential as source/retention of propagules and stepping stone. Finally, by overlaying our ranking with the spatial distribution of marine protected areas (MPAs), we identified potential gaps in the protection of important seagrass habitats across the Mediterranean and its basins.

Results

Most of the identified patches of seagrass suitable areas are not included in MPAs, only reaching a maximum protection coverage of ~50% in the Northwestern Mediterranean. Relatively few patches contribute disproportionately to connectivity, but top-ranked habitat patches are not included within the existing MPAs network, both at the Mediterranean scale and for most basins. The largest gaps for the source/sink role are in the Aegean and Ionian Sea, and largest gaps for the stepping stone role are in the Adriatic, Ionian and Tyrrhenian Sea.

Main Conclusions

Our results suggest that the current MPAs network fails to protect highly relevant patches of seagrass suitable areas in most of the Mediterranean basins. However, this gap could be filled by a few well-placed MPAs. Overall, we provide novel insights for the identification of key habitats and planning novel coastal MPAs in the region.

目的海草草甸是一个重要的海洋生态系统，具有重要的生物多样性。在实施保护措施时，往往没有考虑到栖息地之间的连通性。在本文中，我们根据地中海海草栖息地（Posidonia oceanica 和 Cymodocea nodosa）作为相关生物群落传播繁殖体的来源/滞留地和踏脚石的潜力，对其进行了预测和优先排序。我们利用这些信息来确定在保护排名靠前的栖息地方面存在的差距。地点：地中海。方法我们将海草观测结果与海洋环境预测因素联系起来，运行物种分布模型，推断地中海海草的分布情况。然后，我们使用一种基于网络的方法（CONEFOR），根据海草对海景的贡献（包括海草区面积、作为繁殖源/保留地的潜力以及垫脚石）对海草适宜区进行排序。最后，通过将我们的排名与海洋保护区（MPAs）的空间分布进行对比，我们确定了地中海及其流域重要海草栖息地保护方面的潜在差距。结果大部分已确定的海草适宜区都未被纳入海洋保护区，仅在地中海西北部达到约 50% 的最大保护覆盖率。相对较少的斑块对连通性的贡献不成比例，但无论是在地中海范围还是在大多数流域，排名靠前的生境斑块都没有被纳入现有的海洋保护区网络。爱琴海和爱奥尼亚海的源/汇作用差距最大，亚得里亚海、爱奥尼亚海和第勒尼安海的台阶作用差距最大。主要结论我们的研究结果表明，目前的海洋保护区网络未能保护大多数地中海盆地中高度相关的海草适宜区。然而，这一空白可以通过几个位置合理的海洋保护区来填补。总之，我们为该地区关键栖息地的识别和新型沿海海洋保护区的规划提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Divergent Importance and Geographic Patterns in Threats to Birds and Mammals in China

IF 4.6 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Diversity and Distributions

Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13925

Xin Gao, Zhuoen Liu, Richard T. Corlett, Zhigang Jiang, Alice Hughes, Keping Ma, Jens-Christian Svenning, Gang Feng

<div> <section> <h3> Aim</h3> <p>Wildlife populations are continuing to decrease worldwide. Understanding the ranking and distribution of drivers of species declines is crucial to enable targeted actions to counteract major threats. However, few studies have assessed the relative importance and geographic distribution of threats to biodiversity in China, even for high-profile groups such as birds and mammals. Therefore, this study aims to rank and map the distribution of threat to birds and mammals in China, which could provide novel insight into biodiversity conservation in China.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Location</h3> <p>China.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>A database of different threats for 147 threatened bird species and 176 threatened terrestrial mammal species was obtained from China's Red List of Biodiversity published in 2021. We collated information on the distribution and threat categories for birds and mammals in China, aiming to classify, rank and map threats. We used Bray–Curtis dissimilarity index to examine the correlations of threats occurring simultaneously, and compared the distribution of habitat of threatened birds and mammals. In addition, we conducted threat ranking analyses of threatened birds and mammals between different orders and traits (body mass and clutch/litter sizes).</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>The results showed that the most common threats to birds were habitat loss, hunting, human disturbance, agriculture, pollution and logging, while the most common threats to mammals were hunting, agriculture, logging, habitat loss, human disturbance and livestock farming or ranching. These threats showed different geographic patterns, and some threats frequently co-occur as threat syndromes. Forests were the primary habitat for most threatened species, and orders formed by larger species with small clutch or litter sizes were more likely to be threatened.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Main Conclusions</h3> <p>We highlight the most common threats and key areas for conservation. Furthermore, focusing on clusters of co-occurring threats may be the most effective way to aid recovery of threatened species, and targeted actions are needed to counter ongoing population declines in many groups. These actions should not be limited to the protection of regions where species are at risk of multiple significant threats, but should also include the maintenance and restoration of native forests and st

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引用次数: 0

Cover page 封面

IF 4.6 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Diversity and Distributions

Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13873

The cover image relates to the Research Article https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13902 “Contrasting patterns of spatial genetic structure in endangered southern damselfly (Coenagrion mercuriale) populations facing habitat fragmentation and urbanisation” by Lévêque et al. Southern Damselflies mating in northern France. Photo credit: Agathe Lévêque.

封面图片与研究文章 https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13902 "面临生境破碎化和城市化的濒危南方豆娘（Coenagrion mercuriale）种群的空间遗传结构对比模式 "有关，作者为 Lévêque。法国北部的南方豆娘交配。图片来源：Agathe Lévêque。

引用次数: 0

Can we leverage botanical gardens to study global plant functional diversity? 我们能否利用植物园来研究全球植物功能多样性？

IF 4.6 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Diversity and Distributions

Pub Date : 2024-09-21 DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13915

Giacomo Puglielli

Biodiversity is a multidimensional concept spanning the diversity of organismal form and function (functional diversity) together with taxonomic and genetic diversity. In the case of plants, botanical gardens have historically strived to preserve taxonomic diversity with a global scope. However, their success in preserving global functional diversity lacks testing. Given that living collections in botanical gardens span major global vegetation types and evolutionary histories, it is reasonable to expect that a species assemblage in a botanical garden is a representative random sample of global vegetation. In such a case, botanical gardens should contain global functional diversity. Testing for this could elect botanical gardens as laboratories for studying global plant functional diversity, providing a much-needed alternative in the way we study global patterns of this diversity facet.

生物多样性是一个多维度的概念，涵盖了生物形态和功能的多样性（功能多样性）以及分类和遗传多样性。就植物而言，植物园在历史上一直努力保持全球范围内的分类多样性。然而，它们在保护全球功能多样性方面的成功缺乏检验。鉴于植物园内的生物群落跨越了全球主要的植被类型和进化历史，我们有理由认为植物园内的物种组合是全球植被的代表性随机样本。在这种情况下，植物园应该包含全球功能多样性。对此进行测试可以选择植物园作为研究全球植物功能多样性的实验室，为我们研究这种多样性方面的全球模式提供了急需的替代方法。

引用次数: 0

You Shall Not Pass: The Pacific Oxygen Minimum Zone Creates a Boundary to Shortfin Mako Shark Distribution in the Eastern North Pacific Ocean 你们不得通过：太平洋最低含氧量区为短鳍真鲨在北太平洋东部的分布划定了界限

IF 4.6 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Diversity and Distributions

Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13924

Michael E. Byrne, Heidi Dewar, Jeremy J. Vaudo, Bradley M. Wetherbee, Mahmood S. Shivji

Aim

Shoaling of large oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) that form along eastern margins of the world's oceans can reduce habitat availability for some pelagic fishes. Our aim was to test the hypothesis that habitat compression caused by shoaling of the Pacific OMZ in tropical regions creates a boundary to the southern distribution of shortfin mako sharks (Isurus oxyrinchus) in the Eastern North Pacific Ocean.

Location

Eastern North Pacific and Western North Atlantic oceans.

Methods

We compared environmental conditions between areas used by satellite-tagged mako sharks in the Eastern North Pacific, encompassing the world's largest OMZ, to those used in the Western North Atlantic where no OMZ is present. In the Pacific we quantified the effects of temperature and dissolved oxygen (DO) on depth use and tested if sharks spent less time in areas with strong habitat compression over the OMZ than expected by chance.

Results

The southern distribution of sharks in the Pacific corresponded with the apex of OMZ shoaling in the North Equatorial Current. Sharks in the Atlantic occupied areas with warm surface temperatures (≥ 26°C) more often than the Pacific, and waters with these temperatures in the Atlantic had greater DO at depth. Sharks in the Pacific reduced time near the surface in warm temperatures and consistently avoided depths with low DO and spent less time in areas with strong habitat compression than expected by chance.

Main Conclusions

The combination of warm surface temperatures and shoaling of the OMZ creates a soft boundary to mako shark movements in the Eastern North Pacific Ocean. The expected expansion of OMZs due to climate change could have considerable impact on future distribution of mako sharks and other pelagic fish. As such, development of species distribution models to predict the effects of climate change on pelagic fish distributions should incorporate oxygen availability.

目的沿世界海洋东缘形成的大型最小含氧区（OMZ）的浅滩化会减少一些中上层鱼类的栖息地。我们的目的是检验这样一个假设，即热带地区的太平洋最低含氧带（OMZ）的浅滩化导致的栖息地压缩为短鳍鲭鲨（Isurus oxyrinchus）在北太平洋东部的南部分布划定了界限。方法我们比较了北太平洋东部卫星标记的短鳍鲭鲨（Mako shark）所使用的环境条件（包括世界上最大的最低含氧带）和北大西洋西部的环境条件（那里没有最低含氧带）。在太平洋，我们量化了温度和溶解氧（DO）对深度利用的影响，并测试了鲨鱼在 OMZ 上生境压缩较强的区域所花费的时间是否少于偶然的预期。大西洋鲨鱼比太平洋鲨鱼更频繁地占据表层温度较高（≥ 26°C）的区域，大西洋表层温度较高的水域深层溶解氧较高。太平洋鲨鱼减少了在温度较高的海面附近活动的时间，并始终避开溶解氧较低的深度，在栖息地压缩较强的区域活动的时间也少于偶然预测的时间。气候变化导致的 OMZ 的预期扩展可能会对鲭鲨和其他中上层鱼类的未来分布产生相当大的影响。因此，在开发物种分布模型以预测气候变化对中上层鱼类分布的影响时，应将氧气供应纳入其中。

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引用次数: 0

Why so many Hemiptera invasions? 为什么会有这么多半翅虫入侵？

IF 4.6 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Diversity and Distributions

Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13911

Andrew M. Liebhold, Rebecca M. Turner, Charles R. Bartlett, Cleo Bertelsmeier, Rachael E. Blake, Eckehard G. Brockerhoff, Charlotte E. Causton, Janis N. Matsunaga, Stuart H. McKamey, Helen F. Nahrung, Christopher L. Owen, Deepa S. Pureswaran, Alain Roques, Scott A. Schneider, Allen F. Sanborn, Takehiko Yamanaka

Aim

The Hemiptera is the fifth-largest insect order but among non-native insect species is approximately tied with the Coleoptera as the most species-rich insect order (Hemiptera comprise 20% more species than in world fauna). This over-representation may result from high propagule pressure or from high species invasiveness. Here, we assess the reasons for over-representation in this group by analysing geographical, temporal and taxonomic variation in numbers of historical invasions.

Location

Global.

Method

We assembled lists of historical Hemiptera invasions in 12 world regions, countries or islands (Australia, Chile, Europe, New Zealand, North America, South Africa, South Korea, Japan and the Galapagos, Hawaiian, Okinawa and Ogasawara Islands) and border interception data from nine countries (Australia, Canada, European Union, United Kingdom, Hawaii, Japan, New Zealand, South Korea, USA mainland and South Africa). Using these data, we identified hemipteran superfamilies that are historically over-represented among established non-native species, and superfamilies that are over-represented among arrivals (proxied by interceptions). We also compared temporal patterns of establishments among hemipteran suborders and among regions.

Results

Across all regions, patterns of over- and under-representation were similar. The Aphidoidea, Coccoidea, Aleyrodoidea, Cimicoidea and Phylloxeroida were over-represented among non-native species. These same superfamilies were not consistently over-represented among intercepted species indicating that propagule pressure does not completely explain the tendency of some Hemiptera to be over-represented among invasions. Asexual reproduction is common in most over-represented superfamilies and this trait may be key to explaining high invasion success in these superfamilies.

Conclusions

We conclude that both propagule pressure and species invasiveness are drivers of high invasion success in the Sternorrhyncha suborder (aphids, scales, whiteflies) and this group plays a major role in the exceptional invasion success of Hemiptera in general. The high historical rates of invasion by Sternorrhyncha species provide justification for biosecurity measure focusing on exclusion of this group.

目的半翅目是第五大昆虫纲，但在非本地昆虫物种中，半翅目与鞘翅目并列成为物种最丰富的昆虫纲（半翅目物种比世界动物区系多 20%）。物种过多的原因可能是繁殖压力大或物种入侵性强。在此，我们通过分析历史上入侵物种数量的地理、时间和分类差异，来评估该类物种数量过多的原因。方法我们收集了世界 12 个地区、国家或岛屿（澳大利亚、智利、欧洲、新西兰、北美、南非、韩国、日本和加拉帕戈斯群岛、夏威夷、冲绳和小笠原群岛）的历史半翅目入侵名单，以及 9 个国家（澳大利亚、加拿大、欧盟、英国、夏威夷、日本、新西兰、韩国、美国本土和南非）的边境拦截数据。利用这些数据，我们确定了历史上在已建立的非本地物种中所占比例较高的半翅目超科，以及在到达物种中所占比例较高的超科（以截获量表示）。我们还比较了半翅目各亚纲之间以及各地区之间建立物种的时间模式。在非本地物种中，蚜形目（Aphidoidea）、茧形目（Coccoidea）、蝶形目（Aleyrodoidea）、蜚蠊目（Cimicoidea）和蚜蝇目（Phylloxeroida）所占比例较高。在被截获的物种中，这些超科的比例并不总是过高，这表明繁殖压力并不能完全解释某些半翅目昆虫在入侵物种中比例过高的趋势。结论我们得出结论，传播压力和物种入侵性是鞘翅目亚目（蚜虫、鳞翅目、粉虱）高入侵成功率的驱动因素，该亚目在半翅目的总体高入侵成功率中扮演了重要角色。Sternorrhyncha 物种历史上的高入侵率为采取生物安全措施提供了理由，这些措施的重点是排除该物种群。

{"title":"Why so many Hemiptera invasions?","authors":"Andrew M. Liebhold, Rebecca M. Turner, Charles R. Bartlett, Cleo Bertelsmeier, Rachael E. Blake, Eckehard G. Brockerhoff, Charlotte E. Causton, Janis N. Matsunaga, Stuart H. McKamey, Helen F. Nahrung, Christopher L. Owen, Deepa S. Pureswaran, Alain Roques, Scott A. Schneider, Allen F. Sanborn, Takehiko Yamanaka","doi":"10.1111/ddi.13911","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ddi.13911","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Hemiptera is the fifth-largest insect order but among non-native insect species is approximately tied with the Coleoptera as the most species-rich insect order (Hemiptera comprise 20% more species than in world fauna). This over-representation may result from high propagule pressure or from high species invasiveness. Here, we assess the reasons for over-representation in this group by analysing geographical, temporal and taxonomic variation in numbers of historical invasions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Global.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We assembled lists of historical Hemiptera invasions in 12 world regions, countries or islands (Australia, Chile, Europe, New Zealand, North America, South Africa, South Korea, Japan and the Galapagos, Hawaiian, Okinawa and Ogasawara Islands) and border interception data from nine countries (Australia, Canada, European Union, United Kingdom, Hawaii, Japan, New Zealand, South Korea, USA mainland and South Africa). Using these data, we identified hemipteran superfamilies that are historically over-represented among established non-native species, and superfamilies that are over-represented among arrivals (proxied by interceptions). We also compared temporal patterns of establishments among hemipteran suborders and among regions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Across all regions, patterns of over- and under-representation were similar. The Aphidoidea, Coccoidea, Aleyrodoidea, Cimicoidea and Phylloxeroida were over-represented among non-native species. These same superfamilies were not consistently over-represented among intercepted species indicating that propagule pressure does not completely explain the tendency of some Hemiptera to be over-represented among invasions. Asexual reproduction is common in most over-represented superfamilies and this trait may be key to explaining high invasion success in these superfamilies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conclude that both propagule pressure and species invasiveness are drivers of high invasion success in the Sternorrhyncha suborder (aphids, scales, whiteflies) and this group plays a major role in the exceptional invasion success of Hemiptera in general. The high historical rates of invasion by Sternorrhyncha species provide justification for biosecurity measure focusing on exclusion of this group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"30 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.13911","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142212523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Patterns and drivers in the functional diversity decomposition of invaded stream fish communities 受入侵溪流鱼类群落功能多样性分解的模式和驱动因素

IF 4.6 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Diversity and Distributions

Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13914

Kai Feng, Péter Takács, István Czeglédi, Tibor Erős

Aim

The assembly of real-world ecological communities in human-modified landscapes is influenced by a complex interplay of spatial, temporal, environmental and invasion gradients. However, understanding the relative importance of these drivers and their interactions in shaping functional assembly remains elusive. Our study aimed to investigate the relative influence of these drivers on the functional assembly of a stream fish metacommunity.

Location

Streams of the Lake Balaton catchment, Hungary.

Methods

We analysed a long-term (18-year) dataset of the stream fish metacommunity, focusing on changes in functional diversity (Q), redundancy (R) and species dominance (D). Ternary diagrams were utilized to decompose functional diversity into Q, R and D components and to visualize diversity patterns. Linear mixed-effect regression and separate structural equation models were employed to identify significant drivers of Q, R and D.

Results

Native fish communities exhibited low functional diversity (Q) but high redundancy (R) and dominance (D), indicating functional convergence and dominance. Stream habitat size, network position and associated spatial, physical and chemical gradients emerged as consistently significant drivers of D and R. Changes in Q were additionally linked to non-native community properties and subtle shifts in land use and within-stream habitat characteristics.

Main Conclusions

Our findings suggest that both environmental filtering and interspecies interactions, particularly trait similarity between invaders and natives shape functional assembly of stream fish metacommunities. Despite minimal temporal directional changes, environmental drivers predominantly influence long-term diversity patterns of native fish communities, overshadowing invasion effects. Our findings underscore the importance of considering both environmental filtering mechanisms and interspecies interactions in understanding functional assembly. Additionally, the joint application of diversity decomposition frameworks with predictive modelling provides comprehensive insight into patterns of functional diversity and assembly across ecological communities.

目的现实世界中生态群落在人类改造景观中的组合受到空间、时间、环境和入侵梯度的复杂相互作用的影响。然而，对于这些驱动因素的相对重要性及其在形成功能组合过程中的相互作用，人们仍然缺乏了解。我们的研究旨在调查这些驱动因素对溪流鱼类元群落功能组合的相对影响。方法我们分析了溪流鱼类元群落的长期（18 年）数据集，重点关注功能多样性（Q）、冗余性（R）和物种优势（D）的变化。利用三元图将功能多样性分解为 Q、R 和 D 三部分，并将多样性模式可视化。结果原生鱼类群落的功能多样性（Q）较低，但冗余度（R）和优势度（D）较高，表明存在功能趋同和优势。溪流栖息地大小、网络位置以及相关的空间、物理和化学梯度一直是 D 和 R 的重要驱动因素。主要结论我们的研究结果表明，环境过滤和物种间相互作用，特别是入侵者和本地人之间的性状相似性，塑造了溪流鱼类元群落的功能组合。尽管时间上的方向性变化极小，但环境驱动因素对本地鱼类群落的长期多样性模式产生了主要影响，盖过了入侵效应。我们的发现强调了在理解功能组合时考虑环境过滤机制和物种间相互作用的重要性。此外，将多样性分解框架与预测建模联合应用，可以全面了解整个生态群落的功能多样性和集合模式。

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引用次数: 0