Pub Date : 2023-08-28DOI: 10.1080/10420940.2023.2250062
Charles W. Helm, M. Bateman, A. Carr, H. Cawthra, Jan C. de Vynck, M. Dixon, M. Lockley, W. Stear, J. Venter
Abstract Snakes form a large, familiar, and distinctive component of the world’s reptile fauna, with a rich body fossil record stretching back to the Jurassic. The sparse, minimal, and questionable evidence of snake traces in the ichnological record is therefore surprising. Extant snakes in southern Africa employ three types of locomotion—rectilinear, sidewinding, and undulatory, all of which result in distinctive, recognizable traces. A site exhibiting convincing evidence of rectilinear motion, probably made by a puff adder, has been identified in Pleistocene aeolianites on South Africa’s Cape south coast. A new ichnogenus and ichnospecies, Anguinichnus linearis, have been erected to describe this trace. A new suite of optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) ages from aeolianites from the De Kelders Cave locality, 1.4 km to the south, suggests that the site dates to ∼93–83 ka. Trace fossil evidence of sidewinding and undulatory motion is more equivocal and open to alternative interpretations.
{"title":"Pleistocene fossil snake traces on South Africa’s Cape south coast","authors":"Charles W. Helm, M. Bateman, A. Carr, H. Cawthra, Jan C. de Vynck, M. Dixon, M. Lockley, W. Stear, J. Venter","doi":"10.1080/10420940.2023.2250062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10420940.2023.2250062","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Snakes form a large, familiar, and distinctive component of the world’s reptile fauna, with a rich body fossil record stretching back to the Jurassic. The sparse, minimal, and questionable evidence of snake traces in the ichnological record is therefore surprising. Extant snakes in southern Africa employ three types of locomotion—rectilinear, sidewinding, and undulatory, all of which result in distinctive, recognizable traces. A site exhibiting convincing evidence of rectilinear motion, probably made by a puff adder, has been identified in Pleistocene aeolianites on South Africa’s Cape south coast. A new ichnogenus and ichnospecies, Anguinichnus linearis, have been erected to describe this trace. A new suite of optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) ages from aeolianites from the De Kelders Cave locality, 1.4 km to the south, suggests that the site dates to ∼93–83 ka. Trace fossil evidence of sidewinding and undulatory motion is more equivocal and open to alternative interpretations.","PeriodicalId":51057,"journal":{"name":"Ichnos-An International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75173502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-28DOI: 10.1080/10420940.2023.2250905
Long Cheng, Yang Li, W. Foster, Jean‐David Moreau, Chun-bo Yan, H. Yao, Chuanshang Wang, Lide Chen
Abstract Trace fossils offer a great potential to enhance our understanding of the rise of dinosaurs and their interactions with the environment. Here, we report a Rhaetian theropod footprint found in the Shazhenxi Formation of the Zigui Basin, representing the stratigraphically oldest dinosaur track recorded from the Middle Yangtze region and has great significance for understanding the Late Triassic theropods and their distribution across East Asia. The tridactyl track is assigned to cf. Eubrontes isp. and shows a similar morphology with some tracks from the Sichuan Basin, indicating that Eubrontes had a wider spatial distribution in the Upper Triassic than previously thought. This work highlights the great interest and importance of palaeoichnological prospecting in the Triassic deposits of the Zigui Basin.
{"title":"First report of a Late Triassic dinosaur track from the Zigui Basin, Middle Yangtze region, China","authors":"Long Cheng, Yang Li, W. Foster, Jean‐David Moreau, Chun-bo Yan, H. Yao, Chuanshang Wang, Lide Chen","doi":"10.1080/10420940.2023.2250905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10420940.2023.2250905","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Trace fossils offer a great potential to enhance our understanding of the rise of dinosaurs and their interactions with the environment. Here, we report a Rhaetian theropod footprint found in the Shazhenxi Formation of the Zigui Basin, representing the stratigraphically oldest dinosaur track recorded from the Middle Yangtze region and has great significance for understanding the Late Triassic theropods and their distribution across East Asia. The tridactyl track is assigned to cf. Eubrontes isp. and shows a similar morphology with some tracks from the Sichuan Basin, indicating that Eubrontes had a wider spatial distribution in the Upper Triassic than previously thought. This work highlights the great interest and importance of palaeoichnological prospecting in the Triassic deposits of the Zigui Basin.","PeriodicalId":51057,"journal":{"name":"Ichnos-An International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83800033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-28DOI: 10.1080/10420940.2023.2249585
Charles W. Helm, M. Lockley, H. Cawthra, Jan C. de Vynck, M. Dixon, Renée Rust, W. Stear, Monique Van Tonder, B. Zipfel
Abstract When and where did humans first fashion footwear? Ichnology holds the potential to answer this unresolved question in palaeoanthropology. The global record of sites from which shod-hominin tracks have been considered is sparse. Consideration of proxies for footwear use, in conjunction with areas of known Middle Stone Age/Middle Paleolithic hominin tracksites, suggests two suitable regions in which to search for shod-hominin tracks of this age: southern Africa and Western Europe. Inhabitants of these areas in the Middle Stone Age would have had the means, motive and opportunity to fashion footwear. Ichnological evidence from three palaeosurfaces on South Africa’s Cape coast, in conjunction with neoichnological study, suggests that humans may indeed have worn footwear while traversing dune surfaces during the Middle Stone Age. The hominin track record may be biased towards identification of tracks made by barefoot individuals, therefore the development of criteria for the identification of shod-hominin tracks should aid in future interpretation efforts.
{"title":"Possible shod-hominin tracks on South Africa’s Cape coast","authors":"Charles W. Helm, M. Lockley, H. Cawthra, Jan C. de Vynck, M. Dixon, Renée Rust, W. Stear, Monique Van Tonder, B. Zipfel","doi":"10.1080/10420940.2023.2249585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10420940.2023.2249585","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract When and where did humans first fashion footwear? Ichnology holds the potential to answer this unresolved question in palaeoanthropology. The global record of sites from which shod-hominin tracks have been considered is sparse. Consideration of proxies for footwear use, in conjunction with areas of known Middle Stone Age/Middle Paleolithic hominin tracksites, suggests two suitable regions in which to search for shod-hominin tracks of this age: southern Africa and Western Europe. Inhabitants of these areas in the Middle Stone Age would have had the means, motive and opportunity to fashion footwear. Ichnological evidence from three palaeosurfaces on South Africa’s Cape coast, in conjunction with neoichnological study, suggests that humans may indeed have worn footwear while traversing dune surfaces during the Middle Stone Age. The hominin track record may be biased towards identification of tracks made by barefoot individuals, therefore the development of criteria for the identification of shod-hominin tracks should aid in future interpretation efforts.","PeriodicalId":51057,"journal":{"name":"Ichnos-An International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91112531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-08DOI: 10.1080/10420940.2023.2244653
S. Richiano, D. Moyano-Paz, A. Varela, M. Gingras, D. Poiré
{"title":"Ichnology of tidal ravinement omission surfaces in siliciclastic transgressive deposits from the Puesto El Moro formation (Upper Cretaceous), Southern Patagonia, Argentina","authors":"S. Richiano, D. Moyano-Paz, A. Varela, M. Gingras, D. Poiré","doi":"10.1080/10420940.2023.2244653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10420940.2023.2244653","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51057,"journal":{"name":"Ichnos-An International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90745637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-24DOI: 10.1080/10420940.2023.2210741
R. Mikuláš, M. Bubík, T. Elbra, M. Košťák, P. Pruner, P. Schnabl, Kristýna Šifnerová
{"title":"The Jurassic–Cretaceous boundary in the Kurovice section (Southern Moravia, Czech Republic): trace fossils, stable isotopes, and magnetic susceptibility","authors":"R. Mikuláš, M. Bubík, T. Elbra, M. Košťák, P. Pruner, P. Schnabl, Kristýna Šifnerová","doi":"10.1080/10420940.2023.2210741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10420940.2023.2210741","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51057,"journal":{"name":"Ichnos-An International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77887975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-23DOI: 10.1080/10420940.2023.2212164
Fernando L. Valencia, O. D. de Araújo, L. Buatois, M. Mángano, Gustavo L. Valencia, R. Lopes, J. Laya
{"title":"Bioturbation changing porosity, permeability, and fracturability in chalk? Insights from an Upper Cretaceous chalk reservoir (Buda Formation, Texas, USA)","authors":"Fernando L. Valencia, O. D. de Araújo, L. Buatois, M. Mángano, Gustavo L. Valencia, R. Lopes, J. Laya","doi":"10.1080/10420940.2023.2212164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10420940.2023.2212164","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51057,"journal":{"name":"Ichnos-An International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83974125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/10420940.2023.2219824
S. Nicol, L. R. Leighton
Abstract Predation traces on marine shelled prey are informative and widely utilized indicators of predatory attacks in the scientific literature. Most of these traces remain undescribed and unnamed, making it difficult to identify and quantify predatory behaviour in the fossil record. Two new ichnospecies, Caedichnus cisus and Caedichnus lunaris, have been described and erected into the emended ichnogenus Caedichnus, assigned to the ichnofamily Belichnidae (Wisshak et al., 2019), and a previously proposed synonymy of Caedichnus with Bicrescomanducator is rejected. Both new ichnospecies are indicative of an attack from a durophagous predator and are often associated with repair scars, indicating the attack was unsuccessful, allowing the prey to repair its shell to some degree. The morphology of the prey shell and the method of predator attack are likely to influence both the shape of the resulting trace and whether one results in subsequent repair. Describing predation traces will create consistency between researchers and facilitate the comparison of predation types, predators, and shell morphologies.
在科学文献中，海洋有壳猎物的捕食痕迹是一种信息丰富且被广泛应用的掠食性攻击指标。大多数这些痕迹仍然没有被描述和命名，这使得在化石记录中识别和量化掠食性行为变得困难。两个新的鱼种，Caedichnus cisus和Caedichnus lunaris已被描述并建立到经修订的Caedichnus属中，并被分配到鱼科Belichnidae (Wisshak et al.， 2019)，并且先前提出的Caedichnus与bicrescomducator的同属被拒绝。这两种新的鱼类都预示着受到了硬食性捕食者的攻击，并且通常与修复疤痕有关，这表明攻击失败了，这使得猎物在某种程度上修复了它的外壳。猎物外壳的形态和捕食者攻击的方法可能会影响所产生的痕迹的形状，以及是否会导致随后的修复。描述捕食痕迹将在研究人员之间建立一致性，并促进对捕食类型、捕食者和壳形态的比较。
{"title":"New ichnospecies and redescription of Caedichnus Stafford et al., 2015, traces indicative of durophagous predation","authors":"S. Nicol, L. R. Leighton","doi":"10.1080/10420940.2023.2219824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10420940.2023.2219824","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Predation traces on marine shelled prey are informative and widely utilized indicators of predatory attacks in the scientific literature. Most of these traces remain undescribed and unnamed, making it difficult to identify and quantify predatory behaviour in the fossil record. Two new ichnospecies, Caedichnus cisus and Caedichnus lunaris, have been described and erected into the emended ichnogenus Caedichnus, assigned to the ichnofamily Belichnidae (Wisshak et al., 2019), and a previously proposed synonymy of Caedichnus with Bicrescomanducator is rejected. Both new ichnospecies are indicative of an attack from a durophagous predator and are often associated with repair scars, indicating the attack was unsuccessful, allowing the prey to repair its shell to some degree. The morphology of the prey shell and the method of predator attack are likely to influence both the shape of the resulting trace and whether one results in subsequent repair. Describing predation traces will create consistency between researchers and facilitate the comparison of predation types, predators, and shell morphologies.","PeriodicalId":51057,"journal":{"name":"Ichnos-An International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74903680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/10420940.2023.2222224
María I. López Cabrera, M. Mángano, Luis A. Buatois, Eduardo B. Olivero, Christopher G. Maples, Allan A. Ekdale
Abstract The new ichnotaxon Bromleyia magnifica n. igen., n. isp., attributed to the feeding activity of bivalves, is proposed. This ichnotaxon consists of clusters of closely spaced curved ridges that form a fan-shaped structure oppositely distributed on both sides of a longitudinal axis or, more rarely, being present only on one side. Intergradation between Protovirgularia, Lockeia, and Bromleyia forms a compound trace fossil that records the activity of a cleft-foot protobranch bivalve while burrowing, moving through the sediment, and stopping to deposit feed. A specimen from the Carboniferous of Arkansas, previously regarded as Lophoctenium isp., is here included in Bromleyia magnifica. The spreite in Lophoctenium reflects complex behavioural patterns of horizontal strip-mining deposit feeders, including bundles of tubes bending to one side in a pectinate way or arranged on both sides in a highly systematic fashion, which contrasts with the coarse, horizontal fan-shaped, curved bundle of ridges from the Arkansas specimen. The trace fossil Hillichnus lobosensis records the activities of tellinacean deposit feeders and displays feather-like spreite structures reminiscent of Bromleyia. However, the spreite in Hillichnus is more organized, recording repetitive probing through the sediment in horizontal, oblique, and vertical directions of the tubular inhalant siphon. The resulting complex feeding structure, recorded in multiple preservational tiers, displays an alternate arrangement of ridges on either side of an axial basal structure. This configuration differs from the mostly horizontal, less-organized, coarse bundle of ridges with broadly opposite distribution to the sides of an axis present in Bromleyia. Moreover, contrary to Hillichnus, Bromleyia is commonly associated with Lockeia, indicating significant differences in burrowing strategy and mode of construction between these two ichnotaxa.
摘要/ Abstract摘要:新技术分类群凤梨(Bromleyia magnifica n. igen)。，名词;，归因于双壳类动物的摄食活动。这种鱼分类群由密集的弯曲脊群组成，形成扇形结构，相反地分布在纵向轴的两侧，或者更罕见地只出现在一侧。Protovirgularia, Lockeia和Bromleyia之间的整合形成了一个复合的痕迹化石，记录了一个裂脚原枝双壳类动物在挖洞、在沉积物中移动和停下来存放食物时的活动。阿肯色州石炭纪的标本，以前被认为是Lophoctenium isp。在这里，它被收录在凤梨花中。Lophoctenium的矿体反映了水平带状开采矿床喂食器的复杂行为模式，包括以穗状方式向一侧弯曲的管束或以高度系统的方式排列在两侧，这与阿肯色州标本中粗糙的水平扇形弯曲的脊束形成对比。这一痕迹化石记录了tellinacean沉积物捕食者的活动，并显示出类似于Bromleyia的羽毛状孢子结构。然而，Hillichnus的斑纹更有组织，记录了管状吸入虹吸管在水平、倾斜和垂直方向上对沉积物的重复探测。由此产生的复杂喂养结构，记录在多个保存层中，显示了轴向基础结构两侧脊的交替排列。这种结构不同于布罗姆莱亚中大部分水平的、组织较少的、粗糙的脊束，这些脊束与轴的两侧分布大致相反。此外，与Hillichnus相反，Bromleyia通常与Lockeia有关联，这表明这两种鱼类群在穴居策略和构建模式上存在显著差异。
{"title":"Bromleyia magnifica n. igen., n. isp.: a feeding trace of a protobranch bivalve","authors":"María I. López Cabrera, M. Mángano, Luis A. Buatois, Eduardo B. Olivero, Christopher G. Maples, Allan A. Ekdale","doi":"10.1080/10420940.2023.2222224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10420940.2023.2222224","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The new ichnotaxon Bromleyia magnifica n. igen., n. isp., attributed to the feeding activity of bivalves, is proposed. This ichnotaxon consists of clusters of closely spaced curved ridges that form a fan-shaped structure oppositely distributed on both sides of a longitudinal axis or, more rarely, being present only on one side. Intergradation between Protovirgularia, Lockeia, and Bromleyia forms a compound trace fossil that records the activity of a cleft-foot protobranch bivalve while burrowing, moving through the sediment, and stopping to deposit feed. A specimen from the Carboniferous of Arkansas, previously regarded as Lophoctenium isp., is here included in Bromleyia magnifica. The spreite in Lophoctenium reflects complex behavioural patterns of horizontal strip-mining deposit feeders, including bundles of tubes bending to one side in a pectinate way or arranged on both sides in a highly systematic fashion, which contrasts with the coarse, horizontal fan-shaped, curved bundle of ridges from the Arkansas specimen. The trace fossil Hillichnus lobosensis records the activities of tellinacean deposit feeders and displays feather-like spreite structures reminiscent of Bromleyia. However, the spreite in Hillichnus is more organized, recording repetitive probing through the sediment in horizontal, oblique, and vertical directions of the tubular inhalant siphon. The resulting complex feeding structure, recorded in multiple preservational tiers, displays an alternate arrangement of ridges on either side of an axial basal structure. This configuration differs from the mostly horizontal, less-organized, coarse bundle of ridges with broadly opposite distribution to the sides of an axis present in Bromleyia. Moreover, contrary to Hillichnus, Bromleyia is commonly associated with Lockeia, indicating significant differences in burrowing strategy and mode of construction between these two ichnotaxa.","PeriodicalId":51057,"journal":{"name":"Ichnos-An International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75664232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/10420940.2023.2222223
J. Zonneveld, M. Gingras
Abstract Neoichnological analyses are essential for the accurate assessment and interpretation of ancient, trace-bearing sedimentary successions. Behaviours exemplified by modern organisms are diverse and commonly complex. Direct observation is most easily accomplished in shallow aquatic and subaerially exposed settings, with sustained observation limited primarily to the latter. Laboratory-based neoichnological experimentation fills the void left by the limitations on field based-studies. It also allows for the standardization of behaviour-influencing variables such as substrate parameters, water characteristics and resource availability. By altering these variables, subtle changes in behaviour and trace-making can be observed, enhancing our ability to interpret the rock record.
{"title":"The importance of laboratory-based neoichnological experiments for aquatic palaeoecological analyses","authors":"J. Zonneveld, M. Gingras","doi":"10.1080/10420940.2023.2222223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10420940.2023.2222223","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Neoichnological analyses are essential for the accurate assessment and interpretation of ancient, trace-bearing sedimentary successions. Behaviours exemplified by modern organisms are diverse and commonly complex. Direct observation is most easily accomplished in shallow aquatic and subaerially exposed settings, with sustained observation limited primarily to the latter. Laboratory-based neoichnological experimentation fills the void left by the limitations on field based-studies. It also allows for the standardization of behaviour-influencing variables such as substrate parameters, water characteristics and resource availability. By altering these variables, subtle changes in behaviour and trace-making can be observed, enhancing our ability to interpret the rock record.","PeriodicalId":51057,"journal":{"name":"Ichnos-An International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89532151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/10420940.2023.2204232
João Paulo da Costa, Lucas Henrique Medeiros da Silva Trifilio, H. I. de Araújo‐Júnior, C. Ximenes
Abstract Northeastern Brazilian natural tank deposits stand out among the sedimentary deposits bearing megafauna remains in South America. João Cativo Paleontological Site (JCPS, Itapipoca, Ceará State, Brazil) is included in the Megafauna Valley and is one of the main sources of paleoecological data in that area. This study reveals trace fossils detected on Quaternary megafauna remains recovered from JCPS, allowing interpretation of paleosynecological interactions among the Quaternary megafauna taxa of the Brazilian Intertropical Region (RIB) and associated taxa. Only four of the 951 fossil specimens (cranial, post-cranial, osteoderms, and teeth) collected in the 1960s had biogenic signatures related to predation/scavenging and pre-historic human handling. Scratches on two rib fragments and a metapodial of Eremotherium laurillardi are attributed to the ichnospecies Machichnus fatimae and suggest a feeding interaction between a canid (probably Protocyon troglodytes) and the carcass of E. laurillardi. The anthropic mark corresponds to incisions made by a lithic weapon in the femur of a Palaeolama major, likely with the intent of slicing and sawing the carcass into smaller pieces.
巴西东北部天然油罐矿床在南美洲巨型动物遗骸沉积矿床中脱颖而出。jo o Cativo古生物遗址(JCPS, Itapipoca, cerar州，巴西)被列入巨型动物谷，是该地区古生态数据的主要来源之一。本研究揭示了在JCPS中发现的第四纪巨型动物遗骸上发现的痕迹化石，从而解释了巴西热带地区(RIB)第四纪巨型动物类群及其相关类群之间的古协同作用。在20世纪60年代收集的951个化石标本(颅骨、颅骨后、骨皮和牙齿)中，只有4个具有与捕食/食腐和史前人类处理有关的生物特征。月牙龙(Eremotherium laurillardi)的两根肋骨碎片和一根后跖骨上的划痕被认为是由鱼科动物Machichnus fatimae留下的，表明一种犬科动物(可能是类人猿)与月牙龙(e.laurillardi)的尸体发生了摄食互动。这一人为痕迹对应于石器武器在大古兽的股骨上留下的切口，很可能是为了把尸体切成小块。
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