Pub Date : 2022-05-29DOI: 10.1080/10420940.2022.2067535
S. Melnyk, Cody N. Lazowski, M. Gingras
Abstract Shorebirds produce a range of biogenic sedimentary structures related to their feeding behaviors, the most common of which are probing behaviors that result in morphologically simple impressions or indentations on the surface of a sedimentary substrate. Here we describe an unusual biodeformational structure made by a feeding gull (Larus sp.) produced as the tracemaker kneaded the sediment by moving its feet back and forth in place. This process liquified the sediment making it easier to catch invertebrate prey — the most common of which is the varnish clam (Nuttallia obscurata) — that are advected to the top of the liquified sediment. The bird retreated slowly backward as the sediment was liquified, an effort that is interpreted to represent continued and ongoing feeding in the sediment of prey-rich substrates. The resulting structure comprises a series of nested, concavo-convex sediment mounds and a terminal bowl-shaped impression. The aim of this paper is to document the trace–tracemaker association and provide a means of comparison with similar structures. Most notably, the structure bears similarities to Piscichnus, which represents ray feeding traces produced by hydraulic jetting (fodichnia) or nesting behaviors (calichnia) in fish. Piscichnus, however, lacks the nested mounds that result from the tracemaker systematically moving backward as it searches for food.
{"title":"Sedimentological and ecological significance of a biodeformational structure associated with an unusual feeding behavior in gulls (Larus sp.)","authors":"S. Melnyk, Cody N. Lazowski, M. Gingras","doi":"10.1080/10420940.2022.2067535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10420940.2022.2067535","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Shorebirds produce a range of biogenic sedimentary structures related to their feeding behaviors, the most common of which are probing behaviors that result in morphologically simple impressions or indentations on the surface of a sedimentary substrate. Here we describe an unusual biodeformational structure made by a feeding gull (Larus sp.) produced as the tracemaker kneaded the sediment by moving its feet back and forth in place. This process liquified the sediment making it easier to catch invertebrate prey — the most common of which is the varnish clam (Nuttallia obscurata) — that are advected to the top of the liquified sediment. The bird retreated slowly backward as the sediment was liquified, an effort that is interpreted to represent continued and ongoing feeding in the sediment of prey-rich substrates. The resulting structure comprises a series of nested, concavo-convex sediment mounds and a terminal bowl-shaped impression. The aim of this paper is to document the trace–tracemaker association and provide a means of comparison with similar structures. Most notably, the structure bears similarities to Piscichnus, which represents ray feeding traces produced by hydraulic jetting (fodichnia) or nesting behaviors (calichnia) in fish. Piscichnus, however, lacks the nested mounds that result from the tracemaker systematically moving backward as it searches for food.","PeriodicalId":51057,"journal":{"name":"Ichnos-An International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces","volume":"49 1","pages":"84 - 92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76202539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-14DOI: 10.1080/10420940.2022.2057481
M. Wisshak, D. Knaust, Lothar H. Vallon, A. Rindsberg
In the peaceful days before Christmas 2021, fate struck hard on fellow ichnologist Markus Bertling (Figure 1), when he learned of a devastating diagnosis that gave him very little chance to turn the tide. On February 13, 2022, Markus passed away, leaving behind a painful void in his family and the ichnologic community alike. Starting off in 1985 with research on Upper Jurassic coral reef palaeoecology and sedimentology in northern Germany, Markus received his doctoral degree in 1990 and quickly picked upon an interest in the trace fossils he found in Jurassic reef settings and established his f irst new ichnogenus, Arachnostega Bertling, 1992. In the following years, it was the bioerosion trace fossils and the lessons to learn from the bioerosion at Mesozoic coral reef settings that caught his particular interest (e.g., Bertling, 1995, 1997a, 1999a, 1999b, 1999c, 2002; Perry & Bertling, 2000). Since 1998, Markus was curator for palaeontology at the Institute of Palaeontology of the Westphalian Wilhelm’s University in Münster, Germany, and in 2007 he became one of the heads of the University’s Geomuseum. For the past decade, Markus was heavily involved in the complete refurnishing and modernization of the museum and had less valency to follow his scientific passion in ichnology and ichnotaxonomy. Nevertheless, he sustained his interest in this field of science and was involved, for instance, in various case studies on bioerosion traces in osteic and xylic substrates (e.g., Feng et al., 2019; Höpner & Bertling, 2017; Mikuláš et al., 2020) and contributed with this expertise to an extensive review and annotated list of all the known bioerosion ichnotaxa (Wisshak et al., 2019). Aside from Arachnostega gastrochaenae, Markus co-authored the erection of at least three ichnospecies, three ichnogenera and fourteen ichnofamilies (Höpner & Bertling, 2017; Wisshak et al., 2019). Markus was best known to the ichnologic research community as a leading authority when it came to both the nomenclature of trace fossils and ichnotaxonomic principles. His effort helped to implement the rules established in the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature and to advocate their application in all kinds of ichnotaxonomic work. This, in turn, enabled the ichnotaxonomist to apply ichnotaxobases more consistently, to focus on the erection of ichnotaxa by a valid procedure and avoiding the erection of too many monotypic taxa. Whenever there was a problem to solve on how to apply the Code, the trickier the better, it became a reflex for many ichnologists to send an e-mail to Markus, asking for his advice. His in-depth knowledge of the Code put him into the position to lead or contribute to several comments on the draft proposal to emend the Code with respect to trace fossils (Bertling et al., 2003, 2004; Genise et al., 2004). From 2017 onward, Markus himself served as a commissioner on the Internat ional Commission for Zoologica l Nomenclature, striving to foster the statu
在2021年圣诞节前的平静日子里，命运沉重地打击了技术专家马库斯·伯特林(图1)，他得知了一项毁灭性的诊断，几乎没有机会扭转局势。2022年2月13日，马库斯去世了，给他的家人和科技界留下了痛苦的空白。Markus于1985年开始研究德国北部的上侏罗纪珊瑚礁古生态学和沉积学，于1990年获得博士学位，并很快对他在侏罗纪珊瑚礁环境中发现的痕迹化石产生了兴趣，并于1992年建立了他的第一个新鱼属——Arachnostega Bertling。在随后的几年中，引起他特别兴趣的是生物侵蚀痕迹化石和中生代珊瑚礁环境中生物侵蚀的教训(例如，Bertling, 1995,1997a, 1999a, 1999b, 1999c, 2002;Perry & Bertling, 2000)。自1998年以来，马库斯一直是德国梅恩斯特威斯特伐利亚威廉大学古生物学研究所的古生物学馆长，并于2007年成为该大学地质博物馆的负责人之一。在过去的十年里，马库斯积极参与了博物馆的全面装修和现代化，并没有多少时间去追随他对技术和技术分类学的科学热情。尽管如此，他保持了对这一科学领域的兴趣，并参与了诸如骨和木质基质中生物侵蚀痕迹的各种案例研究(例如，Feng等人，2019;Höpner & Bertling, 2017;Mikuláš等人，2020)，并利用这些专业知识对所有已知的生物侵蚀ichnotaxa进行了广泛的审查和注释列表(Wisshak等人，2019)。除了腹chaenae Arachnostega, Markus还参与了至少3个鱼属、3个鱼科和14个鱼科的直立研究(Höpner & Bertling, 2017;Wisshak et al.， 2019)。马库斯在技术研究界最为人所知的是，他是痕迹化石命名法和技术分类学原理方面的权威。他的努力有助于实施《国际动物命名法法典》所建立的规则，并倡导将这些规则应用于各种技术分类工作。这反过来又使鱼类分类学家能够更加一致地应用鱼类分类基，通过有效的程序关注鱼类分类群的建立，并避免过多的单型分类群的建立。每当需要解决如何应用《准则》的问题时，越复杂越好，许多技术人员就会本能地给马库斯发电子邮件，征求他的建议。他对《法典》的深入了解使他能够领导或参与对《法典》有关化石修订提案草案的若干评论(Bertling et al.， 2003,2004;Genise et al.， 2004)。自2017年起，Markus本人担任国际动物命名委员会委员，致力于提升生物分类学在动物命名中的地位，并为正在进行的法典修订做出贡献。他对ICZN的参与受到了更广泛的分类学界的赞赏，为了纪念他的工作，脊椎动物属Bertlinggekko以他的名字命名。Markus致力于改进代码，证明了他在合理(方法)逻辑思维和科学认知理论方面的巨大天赋和浓厚兴趣——这是他在20世纪90年代公认的技术分类学混乱局面中带来的宝贵品质。马库斯在1998年成为技术分类学界的核心人物
{"title":"Defining and refining principles in ichnotaxonomy: Markus Bertling (1959–2022)","authors":"M. Wisshak, D. Knaust, Lothar H. Vallon, A. Rindsberg","doi":"10.1080/10420940.2022.2057481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10420940.2022.2057481","url":null,"abstract":"In the peaceful days before Christmas 2021, fate struck hard on fellow ichnologist Markus Bertling (Figure 1), when he learned of a devastating diagnosis that gave him very little chance to turn the tide. On February 13, 2022, Markus passed away, leaving behind a painful void in his family and the ichnologic community alike. Starting off in 1985 with research on Upper Jurassic coral reef palaeoecology and sedimentology in northern Germany, Markus received his doctoral degree in 1990 and quickly picked upon an interest in the trace fossils he found in Jurassic reef settings and established his f irst new ichnogenus, Arachnostega Bertling, 1992. In the following years, it was the bioerosion trace fossils and the lessons to learn from the bioerosion at Mesozoic coral reef settings that caught his particular interest (e.g., Bertling, 1995, 1997a, 1999a, 1999b, 1999c, 2002; Perry & Bertling, 2000). Since 1998, Markus was curator for palaeontology at the Institute of Palaeontology of the Westphalian Wilhelm’s University in Münster, Germany, and in 2007 he became one of the heads of the University’s Geomuseum. For the past decade, Markus was heavily involved in the complete refurnishing and modernization of the museum and had less valency to follow his scientific passion in ichnology and ichnotaxonomy. Nevertheless, he sustained his interest in this field of science and was involved, for instance, in various case studies on bioerosion traces in osteic and xylic substrates (e.g., Feng et al., 2019; Höpner & Bertling, 2017; Mikuláš et al., 2020) and contributed with this expertise to an extensive review and annotated list of all the known bioerosion ichnotaxa (Wisshak et al., 2019). Aside from Arachnostega gastrochaenae, Markus co-authored the erection of at least three ichnospecies, three ichnogenera and fourteen ichnofamilies (Höpner & Bertling, 2017; Wisshak et al., 2019). Markus was best known to the ichnologic research community as a leading authority when it came to both the nomenclature of trace fossils and ichnotaxonomic principles. His effort helped to implement the rules established in the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature and to advocate their application in all kinds of ichnotaxonomic work. This, in turn, enabled the ichnotaxonomist to apply ichnotaxobases more consistently, to focus on the erection of ichnotaxa by a valid procedure and avoiding the erection of too many monotypic taxa. Whenever there was a problem to solve on how to apply the Code, the trickier the better, it became a reflex for many ichnologists to send an e-mail to Markus, asking for his advice. His in-depth knowledge of the Code put him into the position to lead or contribute to several comments on the draft proposal to emend the Code with respect to trace fossils (Bertling et al., 2003, 2004; Genise et al., 2004). From 2017 onward, Markus himself served as a commissioner on the Internat ional Commission for Zoologica l Nomenclature, striving to foster the statu","PeriodicalId":51057,"journal":{"name":"Ichnos-An International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces","volume":"2 1","pages":"102 - 105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88334257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-12DOI: 10.1080/10420940.2022.2058937
J. Zonneveld, A. Fiorillo, S. Hasiotis, M. Gingras
Abstract Phrases incorporating the modifier ‘mark’ (e.g., bite mark, tooth mark, gnaw mark, etc.) have recently come under attack. These phrases are wide-spread in their usage, and are, in fact, appropriate to the original definition of the word mark. Phrases such as bite mark and tooth mark are de rigueur as interpretive terms in the larger scientific community and in the archaeological, anthropological, pathological forensic and biological literature and are consistent with the original definition of the word mark. Longstanding convention in the ichnological literature as well as these diverse other disciplines underscores that usage of the word ‘mark’ as a modifier in ichnological analyses is both appropriate and useful for inter-disciplinary communication. Neither the words ‘mark’ nor ‘trace’ are clear terms on their own and become well-defined only when a modifying term is associated (e.g., bite mark or bite trace; trace fossil; ripple mark, fault trace, trace element, gnaw mark, etc.).
{"title":"Tooth marks, gnaw marks, claw-marks, bite marks, scratch marks, etc: terminology in ichnology","authors":"J. Zonneveld, A. Fiorillo, S. Hasiotis, M. Gingras","doi":"10.1080/10420940.2022.2058937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10420940.2022.2058937","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Phrases incorporating the modifier ‘mark’ (e.g., bite mark, tooth mark, gnaw mark, etc.) have recently come under attack. These phrases are wide-spread in their usage, and are, in fact, appropriate to the original definition of the word mark. Phrases such as bite mark and tooth mark are de rigueur as interpretive terms in the larger scientific community and in the archaeological, anthropological, pathological forensic and biological literature and are consistent with the original definition of the word mark. Longstanding convention in the ichnological literature as well as these diverse other disciplines underscores that usage of the word ‘mark’ as a modifier in ichnological analyses is both appropriate and useful for inter-disciplinary communication. Neither the words ‘mark’ nor ‘trace’ are clear terms on their own and become well-defined only when a modifying term is associated (e.g., bite mark or bite trace; trace fossil; ripple mark, fault trace, trace element, gnaw mark, etc.).","PeriodicalId":51057,"journal":{"name":"Ichnos-An International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces","volume":"22 1","pages":"93 - 101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74905573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-04DOI: 10.1080/10420940.2022.2056168
R. Metz
Abstract Fluvial deposits of the uppermost Stockton Formation (Late Triassic), west-central New Jersey have yielded the trace fossils Cruziana tenella and Helminthopsis isp. The ichnotaxa belong to the Scoyenia ichnofacies. On the basis of stratification and primary sedimentary structures, the beds are interpreted as deposits in a meandering stream environment. Worm-like forms, nematodes, notostracans, myriapods, and arthropods are probably responsible for most of the animal traces in moist or wet channel and point bar sediments subject to aerial exposure.
{"title":"Cruziana and Helminthopsis in fluvial deposits of the uppermost Stockton Formation (Late Triassic), west-central New Jersey","authors":"R. Metz","doi":"10.1080/10420940.2022.2056168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10420940.2022.2056168","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Fluvial deposits of the uppermost Stockton Formation (Late Triassic), west-central New Jersey have yielded the trace fossils Cruziana tenella and Helminthopsis isp. The ichnotaxa belong to the Scoyenia ichnofacies. On the basis of stratification and primary sedimentary structures, the beds are interpreted as deposits in a meandering stream environment. Worm-like forms, nematodes, notostracans, myriapods, and arthropods are probably responsible for most of the animal traces in moist or wet channel and point bar sediments subject to aerial exposure.","PeriodicalId":51057,"journal":{"name":"Ichnos-An International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces","volume":"27 1","pages":"76 - 83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77225453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-15DOI: 10.1080/10420940.2022.2047038
J. Thomka, O. Vinn, U. Toom
Abstract Crinoid specimens containing symbiotic (potentially parasitic) pits are relatively rare in Silurian strata of Estonia. The first specimen of middle Silurian-age (Wenlock: Sheinwoodian) crinoid material containing such pits—a pluricolumnal of uncertain affinity—was recently reported from the Jaagarahu Formation of Saaremaa Island. The presence and morphology of pits were previously described, but a noteworthy paleoecological phenomenon that was not initially documented involves the site-specificity of pit occurrence along the pluricolumnal. All 21 of the pits distributed around the lateral circumference of the specimen are located on plate sutures, demonstrating a degree of site-selectivity that contrasts strongly with the more random distribution of pits observed in most Silurian crinoid assemblages. The underlying paleoecological driver of this site-selectivity remains enigmatic, particularly considering some reports that suggest a preference for the latera rather than the sutures of Paleozoic crinoid columns.
{"title":"Site-selectivity of symbiotic (parasitic?) pits in crinoid column material from the middle Silurian (Wenlock: Sheinwoodian) of western Estonia","authors":"J. Thomka, O. Vinn, U. Toom","doi":"10.1080/10420940.2022.2047038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10420940.2022.2047038","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Crinoid specimens containing symbiotic (potentially parasitic) pits are relatively rare in Silurian strata of Estonia. The first specimen of middle Silurian-age (Wenlock: Sheinwoodian) crinoid material containing such pits—a pluricolumnal of uncertain affinity—was recently reported from the Jaagarahu Formation of Saaremaa Island. The presence and morphology of pits were previously described, but a noteworthy paleoecological phenomenon that was not initially documented involves the site-specificity of pit occurrence along the pluricolumnal. All 21 of the pits distributed around the lateral circumference of the specimen are located on plate sutures, demonstrating a degree of site-selectivity that contrasts strongly with the more random distribution of pits observed in most Silurian crinoid assemblages. The underlying paleoecological driver of this site-selectivity remains enigmatic, particularly considering some reports that suggest a preference for the latera rather than the sutures of Paleozoic crinoid columns.","PeriodicalId":51057,"journal":{"name":"Ichnos-An International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces","volume":"38 1","pages":"71 - 75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85054817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-09DOI: 10.1080/10420940.2022.2047039
K. Ayranci, A. Wetzel, M. Kaminski, Bedri Kurtuluş, L. Rabaoui
Abstract The Silurian Sharawra Member (middle to late Llandoverian) in Saudi Arabia exhibits unique surface traces with exceptional preservation: Seven small, wing-shaped traces occur on a sandstone slab showing well-defined hummocky cross-stratification having a few decimeters wavelength being covered by a thin mud layer. These traces are preserved as concave epirelief along with elongated internal striae and surrounded by slightly elevated levees. Preservation of these delicate, 10–20 mm long and ∼10 mm wide traces suggests that they were formed after a storm event when mud had already settled to the sediment surface. The lack of wave-generated sedimentary structures implies deposition between fair-weather and storm-wave base probably preventing further rapid reworking by waves. Based on their geometry, internal pattern, and spatial distribution, these wing-shaped traces are interpreted to have been produced by relatively stationary bottom-feeding fish, morphologically similar to ancestors of Gobiidae, probably in the Actinopterygii class. The majority of fish-made trace fossils record feeding and locomotion behaviour, whereas the wing-shaped traces are interpreted to represent resting structures made by fish that pressed their fins downward on the muddy sediment surface and hence, represent undertracks. These traces are possibly the oldest fish-made structure documented thus far. These wing-shaped traces are described as Pisquiesichnus dashtgardi igen. et isp. nov. in this study.
{"title":"Possibly the oldest fish-made resting traces","authors":"K. Ayranci, A. Wetzel, M. Kaminski, Bedri Kurtuluş, L. Rabaoui","doi":"10.1080/10420940.2022.2047039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10420940.2022.2047039","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Silurian Sharawra Member (middle to late Llandoverian) in Saudi Arabia exhibits unique surface traces with exceptional preservation: Seven small, wing-shaped traces occur on a sandstone slab showing well-defined hummocky cross-stratification having a few decimeters wavelength being covered by a thin mud layer. These traces are preserved as concave epirelief along with elongated internal striae and surrounded by slightly elevated levees. Preservation of these delicate, 10–20 mm long and ∼10 mm wide traces suggests that they were formed after a storm event when mud had already settled to the sediment surface. The lack of wave-generated sedimentary structures implies deposition between fair-weather and storm-wave base probably preventing further rapid reworking by waves. Based on their geometry, internal pattern, and spatial distribution, these wing-shaped traces are interpreted to have been produced by relatively stationary bottom-feeding fish, morphologically similar to ancestors of Gobiidae, probably in the Actinopterygii class. The majority of fish-made trace fossils record feeding and locomotion behaviour, whereas the wing-shaped traces are interpreted to represent resting structures made by fish that pressed their fins downward on the muddy sediment surface and hence, represent undertracks. These traces are possibly the oldest fish-made structure documented thus far. These wing-shaped traces are described as Pisquiesichnus dashtgardi igen. et isp. nov. in this study.","PeriodicalId":51057,"journal":{"name":"Ichnos-An International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces","volume":"51 1","pages":"61 - 70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84625382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.1080/10420940.2021.2017921
S. Moosavizadeh, D. Knaust
Abstract The helical, vertical trace fossil Gyrolithes lorcaensis is described from marine to marginal-marine deposits of the Lower Cretaceous of the Sarcheshmeh Formation near the city Kalat-e-Naderi in the Kopet-Dagh Basin. This is the first report of Gyrolithes from Iran and thus expands the geographic range of this trace fossil. G. lorcaensis is characterized by its unique morphometric parameters, a small burrow size and whorl radius, which distinguishes it as the smallest Gyrolithes ichnospecies. The most likely producers of the Iranian Gyrolithes were crustacean decapods, which is supported by the paleoenvironment (shallow and warm water ramp) in which it is found. The function of the spiral structure in the described Gyrolithes of the Sarcheshmeh Formation can be explained as a permanent dwelling structure with the main purpose of farming bacteria via increasing the surface area of the burrow margin that allows more microbial activities. The small burrow dimensions may reflect reduced burrower body size in response to the dysoxic to anoxic conditions suggested by sedimentological evidence.
{"title":"The trace fossil Gyrolithes lorcaensis from the Lower Cretaceous of the Kopet-Dagh Basin, NE Iran","authors":"S. Moosavizadeh, D. Knaust","doi":"10.1080/10420940.2021.2017921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10420940.2021.2017921","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The helical, vertical trace fossil Gyrolithes lorcaensis is described from marine to marginal-marine deposits of the Lower Cretaceous of the Sarcheshmeh Formation near the city Kalat-e-Naderi in the Kopet-Dagh Basin. This is the first report of Gyrolithes from Iran and thus expands the geographic range of this trace fossil. G. lorcaensis is characterized by its unique morphometric parameters, a small burrow size and whorl radius, which distinguishes it as the smallest Gyrolithes ichnospecies. The most likely producers of the Iranian Gyrolithes were crustacean decapods, which is supported by the paleoenvironment (shallow and warm water ramp) in which it is found. The function of the spiral structure in the described Gyrolithes of the Sarcheshmeh Formation can be explained as a permanent dwelling structure with the main purpose of farming bacteria via increasing the surface area of the burrow margin that allows more microbial activities. The small burrow dimensions may reflect reduced burrower body size in response to the dysoxic to anoxic conditions suggested by sedimentological evidence.","PeriodicalId":51057,"journal":{"name":"Ichnos-An International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces","volume":"37 1","pages":"11 - 26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75124972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-29DOI: 10.1080/10420940.2021.2017922
A. Wagensommer, S. D. Porchetti, Hans Dieter Bolter, Matteo Antonelli, Frank-Otto Haderer
Abstract Two sandstone slabs from a new Norian tetrapod tracksite in the Löwenstein Formation of southern Germany preserve a set of tracks including both tridactyl and pentadactyl ichnites, referred to theropod dinosaur and sphenosuchian crocodylomorph trackmakers, respectively. A very large manus print hints at the presence of a hitherto unknown large quadrupedal archosaur in the Norian fauna of southern Germany. The material includes one of the oldest records of crocodylomorph tracks presently known, in agreement with the skeletal record from the same formation.
{"title":"A new occurrence of archosaur footprints from the Löwenstein Formation (Late Triassic, Middle Norian) of southern Germany","authors":"A. Wagensommer, S. D. Porchetti, Hans Dieter Bolter, Matteo Antonelli, Frank-Otto Haderer","doi":"10.1080/10420940.2021.2017922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10420940.2021.2017922","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Two sandstone slabs from a new Norian tetrapod tracksite in the Löwenstein Formation of southern Germany preserve a set of tracks including both tridactyl and pentadactyl ichnites, referred to theropod dinosaur and sphenosuchian crocodylomorph trackmakers, respectively. A very large manus print hints at the presence of a hitherto unknown large quadrupedal archosaur in the Norian fauna of southern Germany. The material includes one of the oldest records of crocodylomorph tracks presently known, in agreement with the skeletal record from the same formation.","PeriodicalId":51057,"journal":{"name":"Ichnos-An International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces","volume":"13 1","pages":"46 - 60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77709869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-21DOI: 10.1080/10420940.2021.2017923
S. Voigt, S. Lucas, M. Raisch, T. Schindler
Abstract Augerinoichnus refers to successions of horseshoe-shaped structures interpreted as sedimentary remains of horizontal helical burrows of worm-like animals. The monospecific trace fossil was hitherto only known from early Permian intertidal to lowland coastal-plain deposits of New Mexico, U.S.A. Recent discoveries of conspecific material in early Permian nearshore lacustrine deposits of southwestern Germany represent the first record of Augerinoichnus outside of New Mexico and extend the paleogeographic and paleoenvironmental distribution of the ichnotaxon. Augerinoichnus evidentally was made in a wide array of nonmarine settings that ranged from tidal flats to inland floodplains where substrate cohesion and stability as well as stable and predictable food resources allowed the tracemaker to forage in open burrows.
{"title":"First record of the Permian nonmarine helical trace fossil Augerinoichnus from outside of New Mexico","authors":"S. Voigt, S. Lucas, M. Raisch, T. Schindler","doi":"10.1080/10420940.2021.2017923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10420940.2021.2017923","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Augerinoichnus refers to successions of horseshoe-shaped structures interpreted as sedimentary remains of horizontal helical burrows of worm-like animals. The monospecific trace fossil was hitherto only known from early Permian intertidal to lowland coastal-plain deposits of New Mexico, U.S.A. Recent discoveries of conspecific material in early Permian nearshore lacustrine deposits of southwestern Germany represent the first record of Augerinoichnus outside of New Mexico and extend the paleogeographic and paleoenvironmental distribution of the ichnotaxon. Augerinoichnus evidentally was made in a wide array of nonmarine settings that ranged from tidal flats to inland floodplains where substrate cohesion and stability as well as stable and predictable food resources allowed the tracemaker to forage in open burrows.","PeriodicalId":51057,"journal":{"name":"Ichnos-An International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces","volume":"53 22 1","pages":"40 - 45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83437778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-02DOI: 10.1080/10420940.2021.1998038
R. Metz
ABSTRACT Scratching, forming one sharply-defined, somewhat elliptical scratch circle, surrounds a narrow-filled tube probably formed by a plant stem. Water currents carrying sediment onto a lacustrine shoreline swirled around a plant leaf, etching out a partial scratch circle. Later settling of the finest material resulted in a veneer of mud filling the scratch circle.
{"title":"Scratch circle from the Passaic Formation (Late Triassic), West-Central New Jersey","authors":"R. Metz","doi":"10.1080/10420940.2021.1998038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10420940.2021.1998038","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Scratching, forming one sharply-defined, somewhat elliptical scratch circle, surrounds a narrow-filled tube probably formed by a plant stem. Water currents carrying sediment onto a lacustrine shoreline swirled around a plant leaf, etching out a partial scratch circle. Later settling of the finest material resulted in a veneer of mud filling the scratch circle.","PeriodicalId":51057,"journal":{"name":"Ichnos-An International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces","volume":"22 1","pages":"315 - 317"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91045875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：