Pub Date : 2021-06-17DOI: 10.1080/10420940.2021.1930538
R. Metz
ABSTRACT Fine-grained siltstones of the Late Triassic Passaic Formation, near Milford, New Jersey have yielded the first evidence of the trace fossil Dendroidichnites irregulare in the Newark Supergroup of New Jersey. Associated trace fossils include Helminthoidichnites, Scoyenia, Spongeliomorpha, and the reptile footprint Rhynchosauroides, representing the Scoyenia Ichnofacies. Associated sedimentary structures include desiccation cracks, raindrop impressions, cross-bedding, and tool marks. The Passaic sediments were deposited under shallow water lacustrine shoreline conditions subject to periodic subaerial exposure.
{"title":"First record: Dendroidichnites (D. irregulare) in Late Triassic marginal lacustrine deposits of the Passaic Formation, west-central New Jersey","authors":"R. Metz","doi":"10.1080/10420940.2021.1930538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10420940.2021.1930538","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Fine-grained siltstones of the Late Triassic Passaic Formation, near Milford, New Jersey have yielded the first evidence of the trace fossil Dendroidichnites irregulare in the Newark Supergroup of New Jersey. Associated trace fossils include Helminthoidichnites, Scoyenia, Spongeliomorpha, and the reptile footprint Rhynchosauroides, representing the Scoyenia Ichnofacies. Associated sedimentary structures include desiccation cracks, raindrop impressions, cross-bedding, and tool marks. The Passaic sediments were deposited under shallow water lacustrine shoreline conditions subject to periodic subaerial exposure.","PeriodicalId":51057,"journal":{"name":"Ichnos-An International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces","volume":"74 1","pages":"309 - 314"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80515610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-17DOI: 10.1080/10420940.2021.1930539
Markus Bertling, F. Welter-Schultes
ABSTRACT Contrary to common perception, the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature does not contain provisions that turn (ichno)specific names into nomina dubia if their holotype is lost or destroyed. Such names are only nomina dubia if the original diagnosis and/or description is insufficient to recognise the taxon. For this reason, there is no need to introduce a category “axiotype” to be recognized in the Code as a possible name-bearing type, as proposed recently. The designation of neotypes is tied to a formalized process that can be the ultima ratio under certain conditions only.
{"title":"Unnecessary “axiotypes”","authors":"Markus Bertling, F. Welter-Schultes","doi":"10.1080/10420940.2021.1930539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10420940.2021.1930539","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Contrary to common perception, the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature does not contain provisions that turn (ichno)specific names into nomina dubia if their holotype is lost or destroyed. Such names are only nomina dubia if the original diagnosis and/or description is insufficient to recognise the taxon. For this reason, there is no need to introduce a category “axiotype” to be recognized in the Code as a possible name-bearing type, as proposed recently. The designation of neotypes is tied to a formalized process that can be the ultima ratio under certain conditions only.","PeriodicalId":51057,"journal":{"name":"Ichnos-An International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces","volume":"11 1","pages":"318 - 320"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79756089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-16DOI: 10.1080/10420940.2021.1932491
R. MacNaughton, K. Fallas, Theron D. Finley
Abstract New occurrences of Psammichnites gigas are reported from the Mackenzie Mountains, northwest Canada. A locality in the hanging wall of the Plateau Fault, just below the top of the upper member of the Backbone Ranges Formation, demonstrates that the uppermost part of the unit is Tommotian (latter part of Cambrian Age 2) or possibly earliest Atabanian (earliest Cambrian Age 3) in its previously undated proximal manifestation. Localities in the trilobite-bearing Sekwi Formation confirm that Psammichnites gigas can be at least as young as Atdabanian (early to middle parts of Cambrian Age 3) in Laurentia. A review of reported occurrences suggests Psammichnites gigas, and the related ichnotaxa Plagiogmus arcuatus and Taphrelminthopsis circularis, may be valuable for correlations in western Laurentia if their ichnotaxonomic relationships are clarified.
{"title":"Psammichnites gigas from the lower Cambrian of the Mackenzie Mountains, northwest Canada, and their biostratigraphic implications","authors":"R. MacNaughton, K. Fallas, Theron D. Finley","doi":"10.1080/10420940.2021.1932491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10420940.2021.1932491","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract New occurrences of Psammichnites gigas are reported from the Mackenzie Mountains, northwest Canada. A locality in the hanging wall of the Plateau Fault, just below the top of the upper member of the Backbone Ranges Formation, demonstrates that the uppermost part of the unit is Tommotian (latter part of Cambrian Age 2) or possibly earliest Atabanian (earliest Cambrian Age 3) in its previously undated proximal manifestation. Localities in the trilobite-bearing Sekwi Formation confirm that Psammichnites gigas can be at least as young as Atdabanian (early to middle parts of Cambrian Age 3) in Laurentia. A review of reported occurrences suggests Psammichnites gigas, and the related ichnotaxa Plagiogmus arcuatus and Taphrelminthopsis circularis, may be valuable for correlations in western Laurentia if their ichnotaxonomic relationships are clarified.","PeriodicalId":51057,"journal":{"name":"Ichnos-An International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces","volume":"138 1","pages":"164 - 175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86891373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-03DOI: 10.1080/10420940.2021.1932487
O. Miguez-Salas, L. Löwemark, Yu-Yen Pan, F. Rodríguez-Tovar
Abstract The sedimentological and palaeoecological interpretation of early Miocene age shallow marine deposits from one of the most emblematic geological areas of Taiwan – Yehliu peninsula – is not easy to approach in detail, and several contrasting proposals can be found in the literature. The present ichnological study helps to corroborate a delta environment as the most likely palaeoenvironmental setting, and to recognize the different sub-environments and hydrodynamic processes involved. The distal delta front displays the greatest trace fossil diversity, assigned to the Cruziana ichnofacies, including Ophiomorpha, Phycosiphon, Planolites, Rosselia, Schaubcylindrichnus, Scolicia, Thalassinoides and vertical equilibrium adjustment structures. The delta front records predominantly vertical traces attributable to the Skolithos ichnofacies. Amalgamated shell beds (most likely related to storm events) show concentrations of broken bivalve shells. After storm a selective colonization is interpreted, firstly by bioerosive tracemakers during times of decreasing sedimentation rate, followed by a dominance of trophic generalists such as those producing Ophiomorpha during post-storm sedimentation.
{"title":"Selective colonization after storm events in a delta environment: applied ichnology from the early Miocene of Taiwan","authors":"O. Miguez-Salas, L. Löwemark, Yu-Yen Pan, F. Rodríguez-Tovar","doi":"10.1080/10420940.2021.1932487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10420940.2021.1932487","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The sedimentological and palaeoecological interpretation of early Miocene age shallow marine deposits from one of the most emblematic geological areas of Taiwan – Yehliu peninsula – is not easy to approach in detail, and several contrasting proposals can be found in the literature. The present ichnological study helps to corroborate a delta environment as the most likely palaeoenvironmental setting, and to recognize the different sub-environments and hydrodynamic processes involved. The distal delta front displays the greatest trace fossil diversity, assigned to the Cruziana ichnofacies, including Ophiomorpha, Phycosiphon, Planolites, Rosselia, Schaubcylindrichnus, Scolicia, Thalassinoides and vertical equilibrium adjustment structures. The delta front records predominantly vertical traces attributable to the Skolithos ichnofacies. Amalgamated shell beds (most likely related to storm events) show concentrations of broken bivalve shells. After storm a selective colonization is interpreted, firstly by bioerosive tracemakers during times of decreasing sedimentation rate, followed by a dominance of trophic generalists such as those producing Ophiomorpha during post-storm sedimentation.","PeriodicalId":51057,"journal":{"name":"Ichnos-An International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces","volume":"185 1","pages":"27 - 39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75997833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-12DOI: 10.1080/10420940.2021.1922400
S. Ali, M. Gingras, B. Wilson
Abstract A new ichnospecies, Ereipichnus pickerillensis, is described from lower shoreface deposits of the Pliocene Casa Cruz Sandstone Member of the Moruga Formation on Trinidad. E. pickerillensis comprises horizontal and sub-horizontal tubular burrows that are lined with radially orientated, poorly imbricated bivalve and other small shell fragments. In the studied strata, E. pickerillensis is found in association with Zoophycos, Asterosoma, Thalassinoides, and other elements of the Cruziana ichnofacies.
{"title":"The shell-armoured trace fossil Ereipichnus pickerillensis from the Pliocene Moruga Formation, Trinidad: morphology and palaeoenvironment","authors":"S. Ali, M. Gingras, B. Wilson","doi":"10.1080/10420940.2021.1922400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10420940.2021.1922400","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A new ichnospecies, Ereipichnus pickerillensis, is described from lower shoreface deposits of the Pliocene Casa Cruz Sandstone Member of the Moruga Formation on Trinidad. E. pickerillensis comprises horizontal and sub-horizontal tubular burrows that are lined with radially orientated, poorly imbricated bivalve and other small shell fragments. In the studied strata, E. pickerillensis is found in association with Zoophycos, Asterosoma, Thalassinoides, and other elements of the Cruziana ichnofacies.","PeriodicalId":51057,"journal":{"name":"Ichnos-An International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces","volume":"102 1","pages":"243 - 252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79515787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-19DOI: 10.1080/10420940.2021.1914601
S. Donovan
Abstract The Lymm Brewing Company, UK, produces a beer named after the Triassic trackway Chirotherium Kaup, an unusual distinction for a trace fossil. On the brewery website Chirotherium is referred to as a dinosaur, whereas it is likely the spoor of a pseudosuchian archosaur. Further, rather than illustrating a track or trackway, the beer’s label shows a restoration of the producing archosaur.
{"title":"Chirotherium is a beer","authors":"S. Donovan","doi":"10.1080/10420940.2021.1914601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10420940.2021.1914601","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Lymm Brewing Company, UK, produces a beer named after the Triassic trackway Chirotherium Kaup, an unusual distinction for a trace fossil. On the brewery website Chirotherium is referred to as a dinosaur, whereas it is likely the spoor of a pseudosuchian archosaur. Further, rather than illustrating a track or trackway, the beer’s label shows a restoration of the producing archosaur.","PeriodicalId":51057,"journal":{"name":"Ichnos-An International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces","volume":"10 1","pages":"257 - 257"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74495205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-03DOI: 10.1080/10420940.2021.1901694
Grzegorz Sadlok
Abstract Trackways left in dune sand spark intrigue with their ephemeral nature. Small animals (arthropods and vertebrates) leave their footprints in eolian sands but such tracks do not last long. Wind and avalanching may re-mobilize sand grains and obliterate their footprints, ultimately preventing them from entering fossil record. Some of these fleeting tracks are lucky enough to survive at the parting surfaces between sedimentary layers. This paper highlights the possible role that sub-0 °C temperatures play in the biostratinomy of eolian tracks. Water combined with sub-0 °C temperatures may create short-lasting ice cementation within the very top of an active sand layer—mm-scale crust. The temporal cement stabilizes the surface, inhibits the re-mobilization of sand particles and hinders the obliteration of footprints. Such crust may provide a brief time window of enhanced preservation potential, protecting tracks until incoming sand buries them. On the contrary, if the ice-cement crust forms before the passage of a small and light trackmaker, no tracks are formed at all. This is because the crust is impenetrable to the tiny feet of light animals. Therefore, sub-0 °C temperatures apparently may play both, positive and negative roles in the biostratinomy of eolian tracks.
{"title":"Biostratinomy of dune tracks in sub-0 °C temperature","authors":"Grzegorz Sadlok","doi":"10.1080/10420940.2021.1901694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10420940.2021.1901694","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Trackways left in dune sand spark intrigue with their ephemeral nature. Small animals (arthropods and vertebrates) leave their footprints in eolian sands but such tracks do not last long. Wind and avalanching may re-mobilize sand grains and obliterate their footprints, ultimately preventing them from entering fossil record. Some of these fleeting tracks are lucky enough to survive at the parting surfaces between sedimentary layers. This paper highlights the possible role that sub-0 °C temperatures play in the biostratinomy of eolian tracks. Water combined with sub-0 °C temperatures may create short-lasting ice cementation within the very top of an active sand layer—mm-scale crust. The temporal cement stabilizes the surface, inhibits the re-mobilization of sand particles and hinders the obliteration of footprints. Such crust may provide a brief time window of enhanced preservation potential, protecting tracks until incoming sand buries them. On the contrary, if the ice-cement crust forms before the passage of a small and light trackmaker, no tracks are formed at all. This is because the crust is impenetrable to the tiny feet of light animals. Therefore, sub-0 °C temperatures apparently may play both, positive and negative roles in the biostratinomy of eolian tracks.","PeriodicalId":51057,"journal":{"name":"Ichnos-An International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces","volume":"4 1","pages":"133 - 142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75806634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-03DOI: 10.1080/10420940.2021.1930541
T. J. Halliday
Abstract The recognition of fossil material as organic represented a sea change in European understanding of geology. Throughout the Renaissance and Early Modern periods, several thinkers approached the same line of reasoning, from Leonardo da Vinci to Nicolas Steno. Among fossil material, trace fossils are furthest removed from the living organism, and the identification of trace fossils as such is extremely rare in the period, even when body fossils were increasingly being seen as organic. Alongside Leonardo da Vinci, whose personal observations in the early 16th century remained unpublished for centuries, and Ulisse Aldrovandi, whose account of trace fossils was published posthumously in 1648, I here show that Bernard Palissy also recognised the biological origins of at least one form of trace fossil. The publication of Palissy’s identification occurred in 1580, 68 years before Aldrovandi’s was published, and 23 years before the manuscript on which that publication was based. Moreover, like Aldrovandi, Palissy’s recognition includes specific identification of the trace as being produced by pholad molluscs. Palissy’s is therefore the oldest example of an ichnological identification to be found in the published literature.
{"title":"The earliest-published recognition of a trace fossil and its producer","authors":"T. J. Halliday","doi":"10.1080/10420940.2021.1930541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10420940.2021.1930541","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The recognition of fossil material as organic represented a sea change in European understanding of geology. Throughout the Renaissance and Early Modern periods, several thinkers approached the same line of reasoning, from Leonardo da Vinci to Nicolas Steno. Among fossil material, trace fossils are furthest removed from the living organism, and the identification of trace fossils as such is extremely rare in the period, even when body fossils were increasingly being seen as organic. Alongside Leonardo da Vinci, whose personal observations in the early 16th century remained unpublished for centuries, and Ulisse Aldrovandi, whose account of trace fossils was published posthumously in 1648, I here show that Bernard Palissy also recognised the biological origins of at least one form of trace fossil. The publication of Palissy’s identification occurred in 1580, 68 years before Aldrovandi’s was published, and 23 years before the manuscript on which that publication was based. Moreover, like Aldrovandi, Palissy’s recognition includes specific identification of the trace as being produced by pholad molluscs. Palissy’s is therefore the oldest example of an ichnological identification to be found in the published literature.","PeriodicalId":51057,"journal":{"name":"Ichnos-An International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces","volume":"15 1","pages":"125 - 132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82065777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-03DOI: 10.1080/10420940.2021.1930540
T. Plint, C. Magill
Abstract Large animal tracks, unequivocally attributable to terrestrial mammals, are reported for the first time in sediment from uppermost Bed I (Tuff IF; ∼1.803 million years ago) at Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania. One track in particular (attributed to the ichnogenus Pecoripeda) retains an exceptional level of detail, demonstrating the excellent trackway-preserving potential of the volcanic ash fall (tuff) layers at this important hominin archaeological locality. Olduvai Gorge is renowned for its abundant Plio-Pleistocene (zoo)archaeological discoveries and fossiliferous deposits vis-à-vis studies of human evolution. Fossil trackways, and trace fossils more widely, provide an important additional tool for characterizing ancient ecosystems, which remain underexplored at Olduvai. Considered together with fossil hominin remains, information derived from coeval fossil animal tracks provides additional insight into our ancestors’ behaviour and their interactions with the surrounding palaeoenvironment. A range of large herbivore tracks indicates the availability of nearby resources (i.e., freshwater, vegetation preferred by grazers/browsers). These newly-discovered tracks are of archaeological and palaeontological significance because they highlight the potential for future discovery of animal or hominin tracks and trackways preserved in tuff at Olduvai and in other archaeological localities.
{"title":"Large mammal tracks in 1.8-million-year-old volcanic ash (Tuff IF, Bed I) at Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania","authors":"T. Plint, C. Magill","doi":"10.1080/10420940.2021.1930540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10420940.2021.1930540","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Large animal tracks, unequivocally attributable to terrestrial mammals, are reported for the first time in sediment from uppermost Bed I (Tuff IF; ∼1.803 million years ago) at Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania. One track in particular (attributed to the ichnogenus Pecoripeda) retains an exceptional level of detail, demonstrating the excellent trackway-preserving potential of the volcanic ash fall (tuff) layers at this important hominin archaeological locality. Olduvai Gorge is renowned for its abundant Plio-Pleistocene (zoo)archaeological discoveries and fossiliferous deposits vis-à-vis studies of human evolution. Fossil trackways, and trace fossils more widely, provide an important additional tool for characterizing ancient ecosystems, which remain underexplored at Olduvai. Considered together with fossil hominin remains, information derived from coeval fossil animal tracks provides additional insight into our ancestors’ behaviour and their interactions with the surrounding palaeoenvironment. A range of large herbivore tracks indicates the availability of nearby resources (i.e., freshwater, vegetation preferred by grazers/browsers). These newly-discovered tracks are of archaeological and palaeontological significance because they highlight the potential for future discovery of animal or hominin tracks and trackways preserved in tuff at Olduvai and in other archaeological localities.","PeriodicalId":51057,"journal":{"name":"Ichnos-An International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces","volume":"106 1","pages":"114 - 124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79148564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-03DOI: 10.1080/10420940.2021.1930537
Elsa Panciroli, M. Romano
Abstract We describe a new and unusual vertebrate trackway from the Middle Jurassic Scalby Formation of the Cleveland Basin, Yorkshire, United Kingdom. The Enigmatic Burniston Trackway (EBT) is the first and only example of such a trackway known from this region. The best preserved EBT print, belonging to a pentadactyl tetrapod, does not resemble any known Middle Jurassic ichnogenus, but shares features with Triassic and Cretaceous archosaur and synapsid ichnotaxa. EBT most closely resembles the Triassic ichnogenus Synaptichnium in having the longest digit III, shortest digits I and V, and digit V positioned posterior to the other digits. Synaptichnium has been assigned to various trackmakers, including crocodylomorphs, and early archosaurs (‘thecodonts’ and aetosaurs). However, the anteriorly oriented digits and reduced and posterolaterally placed digit V of EBT also resemble Sederipes from the Cretaceous, and Dicynodontipus from the Permian-Triassic (both representing large-bodied synapsid or ‘mammal’ trackmakers). Unlike most traces assigned to cynodont (including mammalian) or crocodylomorph makers, EBT has low total digit divergence. Digit imprints end in short claws and the pes is rotated by ∼20° outwards in relation to the manus. Preservation is fragmentary for most of the trackway and the specimen could not be collected, but we record it here and provide comparative context within the existing ichnofossil record. We discuss the issues regarding ‘mammal’ ichnofossil literature, including taxonomic nomenclature, inconsistent diagnostic criteria, and assumptions made previously about Mesozoic synapsid body mass.
{"title":"Enigmatic vertebrate trackway from the Scalby Formation (Middle Jurassic) Yorkshire, United Kingdom, with discussion of archosaur and ‘mammal’ trace fossils","authors":"Elsa Panciroli, M. Romano","doi":"10.1080/10420940.2021.1930537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10420940.2021.1930537","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract We describe a new and unusual vertebrate trackway from the Middle Jurassic Scalby Formation of the Cleveland Basin, Yorkshire, United Kingdom. The Enigmatic Burniston Trackway (EBT) is the first and only example of such a trackway known from this region. The best preserved EBT print, belonging to a pentadactyl tetrapod, does not resemble any known Middle Jurassic ichnogenus, but shares features with Triassic and Cretaceous archosaur and synapsid ichnotaxa. EBT most closely resembles the Triassic ichnogenus Synaptichnium in having the longest digit III, shortest digits I and V, and digit V positioned posterior to the other digits. Synaptichnium has been assigned to various trackmakers, including crocodylomorphs, and early archosaurs (‘thecodonts’ and aetosaurs). However, the anteriorly oriented digits and reduced and posterolaterally placed digit V of EBT also resemble Sederipes from the Cretaceous, and Dicynodontipus from the Permian-Triassic (both representing large-bodied synapsid or ‘mammal’ trackmakers). Unlike most traces assigned to cynodont (including mammalian) or crocodylomorph makers, EBT has low total digit divergence. Digit imprints end in short claws and the pes is rotated by ∼20° outwards in relation to the manus. Preservation is fragmentary for most of the trackway and the specimen could not be collected, but we record it here and provide comparative context within the existing ichnofossil record. We discuss the issues regarding ‘mammal’ ichnofossil literature, including taxonomic nomenclature, inconsistent diagnostic criteria, and assumptions made previously about Mesozoic synapsid body mass.","PeriodicalId":51057,"journal":{"name":"Ichnos-An International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces","volume":"9 1","pages":"97 - 113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80551621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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