Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.56042/ijms.v52i01.5442
First observation on the skeletal deformity in band fish, Acanthocepola indica (Day, 1888) is documented herewith from the west coast of India, Arabian Sea. The deformed specimen was diagnosed with 45 dorsal-fin rays; 48 anal-fin rays; 10 caudal-fin rays; 12+28 vertebrae; length of anal fin 71.0 % SL; length of dorsal fin base 81.8 % SL and length of caudal fin 14.9 % SL. Further, identity of the specimen was confirmed with molecular analysis and the results show no deviation from the normal population.
{"title":"Observation on skeletal deformity in band fish, Acanthocepola indica (Day, 1888)","authors":"","doi":"10.56042/ijms.v52i01.5442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56042/ijms.v52i01.5442","url":null,"abstract":"First observation on the skeletal deformity in band fish, Acanthocepola indica (Day, 1888) is documented herewith from the west coast of India, Arabian Sea. The deformed specimen was diagnosed with 45 dorsal-fin rays; 48 anal-fin rays; 10 caudal-fin rays; 12+28 vertebrae; length of anal fin 71.0 % SL; length of dorsal fin base 81.8 % SL and length of caudal fin 14.9 % SL. Further, identity of the specimen was confirmed with molecular analysis and the results show no deviation from the normal population.","PeriodicalId":51062,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Geo-Marine Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135711970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.56042/ijms.v52i01.5436
Geospatial approaches were used to explore the socio-economic and environmental aspects of land use changes in the mangroves of Godavari, Andhra Pradesh, India. Large-scale changes were discovered through satellite images in mangroves. Socio-economic information was also gathered using GPS and environmental changes were examined and correlated. Additional parameters were recorded, including precipitation, temperature, freshwater flow, geomorphology, and topography to relate to modifications in the Godavari mangroves. The area of mangrove forest rose from 15,024 ha to 19,694 ha over 35 years (1977 to 2012), indicating the success of government and private afforestation measures. A socio-economic survey in villages showed that 57 % of the population felt that the main reasons for the enhanced mangrove region were restoration activities and natural phenomena, while 37 % thought that the mangrove area had decreased owing to aquaculture, agriculture, illegal harvesting, local consumption, and enhanced industrial activity, while the remaining 6 % thought that the mangrove area is decreased.
{"title":"Spatio-temporal changes in the Godavari mangroves: A study examining land-use change and sustainable management","authors":"","doi":"10.56042/ijms.v52i01.5436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56042/ijms.v52i01.5436","url":null,"abstract":"Geospatial approaches were used to explore the socio-economic and environmental aspects of land use changes in the mangroves of Godavari, Andhra Pradesh, India. Large-scale changes were discovered through satellite images in mangroves. Socio-economic information was also gathered using GPS and environmental changes were examined and correlated. Additional parameters were recorded, including precipitation, temperature, freshwater flow, geomorphology, and topography to relate to modifications in the Godavari mangroves. The area of mangrove forest rose from 15,024 ha to 19,694 ha over 35 years (1977 to 2012), indicating the success of government and private afforestation measures. A socio-economic survey in villages showed that 57 % of the population felt that the main reasons for the enhanced mangrove region were restoration activities and natural phenomena, while 37 % thought that the mangrove area had decreased owing to aquaculture, agriculture, illegal harvesting, local consumption, and enhanced industrial activity, while the remaining 6 % thought that the mangrove area is decreased.","PeriodicalId":51062,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Geo-Marine Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135711992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.56042/ijms.v52i01.5441
Pistol shrimps Alpheus Fabricius, 1798 generally inhabit shallow depths of coral regions. A recent survey conducted at the Gulf of Mannar and Lakshadweep islands provided two species of Alpheus shrimps from the intertidal zone at 0.5 to 15 m depths. The study revealed that Alpheus soror Bruce, 1999 is a new report to the Gulf of Mannar and A. lottini Guérin, 1830 [in Guérin, 1829-1830] found in stony coral of genus Pocillopora sp. is a new report to Lakshadweep waters. The major intra and interspecific characters of these two species are described and discussed in detail.
{"title":"First observation of Alpheus soror Bruce, 1999 (Caridea: Alpheidae) from Gulf of Mannar, Southern India with notes on A. lottini Guérin, 1830 [in Guérin, 1829-1830]","authors":"","doi":"10.56042/ijms.v52i01.5441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56042/ijms.v52i01.5441","url":null,"abstract":"Pistol shrimps Alpheus Fabricius, 1798 generally inhabit shallow depths of coral regions. A recent survey conducted at the Gulf of Mannar and Lakshadweep islands provided two species of Alpheus shrimps from the intertidal zone at 0.5 to 15 m depths. The study revealed that Alpheus soror Bruce, 1999 is a new report to the Gulf of Mannar and A. lottini Guérin, 1830 [in Guérin, 1829-1830] found in stony coral of genus Pocillopora sp. is a new report to Lakshadweep waters. The major intra and interspecific characters of these two species are described and discussed in detail.","PeriodicalId":51062,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Geo-Marine Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135710996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.56042/ijms.v52i01.5440
The study describes the feeding habits, diet composition and prey diversity of Ablennes hians based on 396 specimens collected between October 2015 and September 2017 from Kerala, south-west coast of India. The Index of Relative Importance (IRI) showed that teleosts were the most preferred food items (%IRI = 65.43 %) followed by molluscs (%IRI = 32.91) and crustaceans (%IRI = 1.66). Prey biodiversity analyses indicated no significant variation in the prey items between the sexes and immature (juvenile) and mature (adult) specimens. Similarly, a non-significant difference in Vacuity Index (VI) and Fullness Index (FI) was observed between the sexes (p > 0.05), juveniles, and adults (p > 0.05). Mean number of prey items per stomach (Nm/ST) was found to be higher in females and juveniles than males and adults; whereas the mean weight of prey items per stomach (Wm/ST) was higher in females and adults. Analysis of similarities (ANOSIM) test also indicated that there was no significant difference in prey types and preferences between sexes (global R = -0.25, P > 0.05) and juveniles and adults (global R = 0.5, P > 0.05). Diet analysis revealed that the species is a carnivorous and active pelagic predator, predominately consuming teleost fishes and an opportunistic feeder and might perform vertical migrations in search of food. The present study provides a first reference on the detailed information on feeding biology of the flat needlefish, which can be used as a baseline information for future studies in the region.
该研究基于2015年10月至2017年9月在印度西南海岸喀拉拉邦收集的396个标本，描述了Ablennes hians的摄食习性、饮食组成和猎物多样性。相对重要性指数(IRI)显示，硬鱼是最受青睐的食物(%IRI = 65.43%)，其次是软体动物(%IRI = 32.91)和甲壳类(%IRI = 1.66)。猎物的生物多样性分析表明，不同性别、未成熟(幼虫)和成熟(成虫)的猎物种类无显著差异。同样，在真空指数(VI)和饱腹指数(FI)中观察到两性之间无显著差异(p >0.05)，青少年和成人(p >0.05)。每胃平均捕获物数(Nm/ST)雌性和幼鱼高于雄性和成鱼;而雌鼠和成虫的平均每胃猎物重量(Wm/ST)较高。相似度分析(ANOSIM)也表明，不同性别之间的猎物类型和偏好没有显著差异(全局R = -0.25, P >0.05)，幼鱼和成鱼(全球R = 0.5, P >0.05)。食性分析表明，该物种是一种活跃的远洋食肉动物，主要捕食硬骨鱼，并可能进行垂直迁徙以寻找食物。本研究为平针鱼摄食生物学的详细信息提供了第一个参考，可作为该地区今后研究的基础资料。
{"title":"Diet composition and feeding habits of flat needlefish Ablennes hians (Valenciennes, 1846) (Beloniformes: Belonidae) in the Southeastern Arabian Sea","authors":"","doi":"10.56042/ijms.v52i01.5440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56042/ijms.v52i01.5440","url":null,"abstract":"The study describes the feeding habits, diet composition and prey diversity of Ablennes hians based on 396 specimens collected between October 2015 and September 2017 from Kerala, south-west coast of India. The Index of Relative Importance (IRI) showed that teleosts were the most preferred food items (%IRI = 65.43 %) followed by molluscs (%IRI = 32.91) and crustaceans (%IRI = 1.66). Prey biodiversity analyses indicated no significant variation in the prey items between the sexes and immature (juvenile) and mature (adult) specimens. Similarly, a non-significant difference in Vacuity Index (VI) and Fullness Index (FI) was observed between the sexes (p > 0.05), juveniles, and adults (p > 0.05). Mean number of prey items per stomach (Nm/ST) was found to be higher in females and juveniles than males and adults; whereas the mean weight of prey items per stomach (Wm/ST) was higher in females and adults. Analysis of similarities (ANOSIM) test also indicated that there was no significant difference in prey types and preferences between sexes (global R = -0.25, P > 0.05) and juveniles and adults (global R = 0.5, P > 0.05). Diet analysis revealed that the species is a carnivorous and active pelagic predator, predominately consuming teleost fishes and an opportunistic feeder and might perform vertical migrations in search of food. The present study provides a first reference on the detailed information on feeding biology of the flat needlefish, which can be used as a baseline information for future studies in the region.","PeriodicalId":51062,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Geo-Marine Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135711402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.56042/ijms.v52i01.5438
Marine water pollution due to oil spills is a common threat to the environment worldwide because of its harmful impact on the economy and environment. Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are well-known tools for collecting satellite data which helps in remote oil spill identification. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images through various satellite missions are the mainly used data to identify oil spills. Many Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and Machine Learning (ML) models integrated with RS and GIS have been originated and applied to identify and monitor oil spills. Deep Learning (DL) methods have recently become popular for their outstanding performance in research for image classification challenges, and the same is being used in the present study. An oil spill detection model using the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) algorithm is presented in this work. CNN can extract features from a large dataset, and these features can be used to categorize images into different classes. The proposed model was compared with other existing models. The accuracy, precision, and recall achieved by this study are 99.06 %, 98.15 %, and 100 %, respectively. The proposed model outperformed the other existing work with an accuracy of 99.06 % and a precision of 98.15 %.
{"title":"Application of CNN based image classification technique for oil spill detection","authors":"","doi":"10.56042/ijms.v52i01.5438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56042/ijms.v52i01.5438","url":null,"abstract":"Marine water pollution due to oil spills is a common threat to the environment worldwide because of its harmful impact on the economy and environment. Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are well-known tools for collecting satellite data which helps in remote oil spill identification. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images through various satellite missions are the mainly used data to identify oil spills. Many Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and Machine Learning (ML) models integrated with RS and GIS have been originated and applied to identify and monitor oil spills. Deep Learning (DL) methods have recently become popular for their outstanding performance in research for image classification challenges, and the same is being used in the present study. An oil spill detection model using the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) algorithm is presented in this work. CNN can extract features from a large dataset, and these features can be used to categorize images into different classes. The proposed model was compared with other existing models. The accuracy, precision, and recall achieved by this study are 99.06 %, 98.15 %, and 100 %, respectively. The proposed model outperformed the other existing work with an accuracy of 99.06 % and a precision of 98.15 %.","PeriodicalId":51062,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Geo-Marine Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135711612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.56042/ijms.v51i04.55924
Mohammad Ashphaq, P. K. Srivastava, D. Mitra
The coastal region bathymetry is increasingly becoming necessary for emerging needs of navigation and development along coasts. Satellite-Derived Bathymetry (SDB) has been examined as a viable alternative for hydrographic surveys for the past few decades to reduce the data acquisition efforts in coastal regions and augmentation of periodic updating of Electronic Navigational Charts (ENCs). The previous studies have applied SDB algorithms in less complex waters due to the limitations of SDB algorithms in turbid and varying shallow waters. This paper analyses three different medium-resolution satellite imagery data to derive bathymetry in a navigably very complex and highly turbid region, Vengurla rocks, situated on the west coast of India. The objective of the study was to evaluate the best suitable technique for SDB in turbid water. The bathymetry product images have been derived using the two most commonly utilized log ratio, and linear ratio transformation; three semi-automated methods, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Independent Component Analysis (ICA), and ratio transform; and Machine Learning (ML) regression algorithms. Among the applied transform and algorithms, the ML algorithm using 561 nm band data performed the best, resulting in R 2 of 0.77, RMSE of 3.4 m, and MAE of 2.8 m. This work established that open source images of sensor OLI/Landsat-8 satellite provide the best results of SDB estimation in complex turbid water by applying ML algorithms. However, extreme turbid and complex regions resulted in more erroneous SDB estimation specifying the need for refining algorithms using bio-optical parameters.
沿海地区的水深测量日益成为新兴的航海和沿海发展需求的必要条件。在过去的几十年里，卫星衍生测深(SDB)作为一种可行的水文测量替代方案已经被研究，以减少沿海地区的数据采集工作和增加定期更新电子海图的工作量。由于SDB算法在浑浊和变化多端的浅水中存在局限性，以往的研究将SDB算法应用于不太复杂的水域。本文分析了三种不同的中分辨率卫星图像数据，以获得位于印度西海岸的非常复杂和高度浑浊地区的水深测量。本研究的目的是评价在浑浊水中检测SDB的最佳工艺。利用两种最常用的对数比变换和线性比变换导出了测深积图像;主成分分析(PCA)、独立成分分析(ICA)和比值变换三种半自动化方法;机器学习(ML)回归算法。在应用的变换和算法中，使用561 nm波段数据的ML算法表现最好，r2为0.77,RMSE为3.4 m, MAE为2.8 m。本研究证实OLI/Landsat-8卫星传感器的开源图像应用ML算法在复杂浑浊水中提供了最佳的SDB估计结果。然而，极端浑浊和复杂的区域导致更多错误的SDB估计，这就需要使用生物光学参数来改进算法。
{"title":"Evaluation and performance of satellite-derived bathymetry algorithms in turbid coastal water: a case study of Vengurla rocks","authors":"Mohammad Ashphaq, P. K. Srivastava, D. Mitra","doi":"10.56042/ijms.v51i04.55924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56042/ijms.v51i04.55924","url":null,"abstract":"The coastal region bathymetry is increasingly becoming necessary for emerging needs of navigation and development along coasts. Satellite-Derived Bathymetry (SDB) has been examined as a viable alternative for hydrographic surveys for the past few decades to reduce the data acquisition efforts in coastal regions and augmentation of periodic updating of Electronic Navigational Charts (ENCs). The previous studies have applied SDB algorithms in less complex waters due to the limitations of SDB algorithms in turbid and varying shallow waters. This paper analyses three different medium-resolution satellite imagery data to derive bathymetry in a navigably very complex and highly turbid region, Vengurla rocks, situated on the west coast of India. The objective of the study was to evaluate the best suitable technique for SDB in turbid water. The bathymetry product images have been derived using the two most commonly utilized log ratio, and linear ratio transformation; three semi-automated methods, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Independent Component Analysis (ICA), and ratio transform; and Machine Learning (ML) regression algorithms. Among the applied transform and algorithms, the ML algorithm using 561 nm band data performed the best, resulting in R 2 of 0.77, RMSE of 3.4 m, and MAE of 2.8 m. This work established that open source images of sensor OLI/Landsat-8 satellite provide the best results of SDB estimation in complex turbid water by applying ML algorithms. However, extreme turbid and complex regions resulted in more erroneous SDB estimation specifying the need for refining algorithms using bio-optical parameters.","PeriodicalId":51062,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Geo-Marine Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78461894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.56042/ijms.v51i05.65567
Thendral Hepsibha, A. Geethab
Effective methods are necessary to utilize the discarded waste from the fishery industry. The sustainable agriculture emphasizes the importance of recycling organic wastes to minimize the damages caused by mineral fertilizers and the sky-rocketing price of chemical fertilizers. A study was conducted to assess the fertilizing potential of fermented fish waste Gunapaselam (GP) on the growth traits of mung bean ( Vigna radiata ). The study groups include Group I (water treatment/ without fertilizer), Group II (chemical fertilizer – NPKS (1:2:1:0.8)) and Group III (GP - 1:100 fold diluted). The performance of the crop was adjudged in terms of growth traits like germination percentage, trifoliate emergence rate, leaf area, number of branches and leaves, number of lateral roots, flowering time and developmental stages of nodules. Except for germination percentage, all the growth traits were significantly improved by GP treatment. GP improved the growth of green gram probably by providing the essential nutrients and enhancing their availability and effective absorption than the chemical fertilizers. The study also revealed that GP influences the beneficial soil microbes and makes the rhizosphere suitable to facilitate nodule formation. It can be concluded from the findings that GP has a pronounced effect on growth traits of Vigna radiata and it can replace chemical fertilizers in the future.
{"title":"A biochemical study on the growth traits of Vigna radiata (Green gram) influenced by Gunapaselam (Fermented Fish waste) - An approach to marine waste management","authors":"Thendral Hepsibha, A. Geethab","doi":"10.56042/ijms.v51i05.65567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56042/ijms.v51i05.65567","url":null,"abstract":"Effective methods are necessary to utilize the discarded waste from the fishery industry. The sustainable agriculture emphasizes the importance of recycling organic wastes to minimize the damages caused by mineral fertilizers and the sky-rocketing price of chemical fertilizers. A study was conducted to assess the fertilizing potential of fermented fish waste Gunapaselam (GP) on the growth traits of mung bean ( Vigna radiata ). The study groups include Group I (water treatment/ without fertilizer), Group II (chemical fertilizer – NPKS (1:2:1:0.8)) and Group III (GP - 1:100 fold diluted). The performance of the crop was adjudged in terms of growth traits like germination percentage, trifoliate emergence rate, leaf area, number of branches and leaves, number of lateral roots, flowering time and developmental stages of nodules. Except for germination percentage, all the growth traits were significantly improved by GP treatment. GP improved the growth of green gram probably by providing the essential nutrients and enhancing their availability and effective absorption than the chemical fertilizers. The study also revealed that GP influences the beneficial soil microbes and makes the rhizosphere suitable to facilitate nodule formation. It can be concluded from the findings that GP has a pronounced effect on growth traits of Vigna radiata and it can replace chemical fertilizers in the future.","PeriodicalId":51062,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Geo-Marine Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73723830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.56042/ijms.v51i05.65576
{"title":"Synthesis, characterization, biological and catalytic activity of carboxymethyl chitosan schiff base metal complexes","authors":"","doi":"10.56042/ijms.v51i05.65576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56042/ijms.v51i05.65576","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51062,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Geo-Marine Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82814267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.56042/ijms.v51i05.65569
P. Prakash, S. Krishna, S. Sunkar, O. R. Paramasivam, K. Rajakumari
Gracilaria foliifera, sustainable renewable resources in the marine environment. Gracilaria , a genus of red algae, notable for its economic importance as an agarophyte. In the present study, experiments were performed to investigate the phytochemical constituents of Gracilaria foliifera . Samples were collected during three different lunar phases namely new moon, full moon and between days. The collected seaweeds were shade dried and extracted by ethyl acetate. The crude metabolites are subjected to phytochemical analysis, antioxidant activity, and qualitative analysis of the compounds by TLC. Further the crude extract was evaluated by GCMS. Among the different lunar phases, the presence of phytochemical compounds, antioxidants activity, is maximum during the full moon days which also showed appreciable amount than the samples collected during new moon phase and transition phase.
{"title":"Analysis of bioactive compounds from Gracilaria foliifera based on lunar phases","authors":"P. Prakash, S. Krishna, S. Sunkar, O. R. Paramasivam, K. Rajakumari","doi":"10.56042/ijms.v51i05.65569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56042/ijms.v51i05.65569","url":null,"abstract":"Gracilaria foliifera, sustainable renewable resources in the marine environment. Gracilaria , a genus of red algae, notable for its economic importance as an agarophyte. In the present study, experiments were performed to investigate the phytochemical constituents of Gracilaria foliifera . Samples were collected during three different lunar phases namely new moon, full moon and between days. The collected seaweeds were shade dried and extracted by ethyl acetate. The crude metabolites are subjected to phytochemical analysis, antioxidant activity, and qualitative analysis of the compounds by TLC. Further the crude extract was evaluated by GCMS. Among the different lunar phases, the presence of phytochemical compounds, antioxidants activity, is maximum during the full moon days which also showed appreciable amount than the samples collected during new moon phase and transition phase.","PeriodicalId":51062,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Geo-Marine Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84110082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.56042/ijms.v51i05.65561
H. Kumar, A. Renita, A. Anderson
In this study, the biodiesel produced from Ulva lactuca , a marine green seaweed by solid oxide catalyst derived from low-cost waste eggshells is evaluated. Waste eggshells were calcined at 500 °C, 600 °C and 700 °C to increase catalytic activity which was characterized by X-ray diffraction pattern. The peaks of CaO were obtained by calcinations carried out at 700 °C for varied time periods. Comparison of images of scanning electron microscope of calcined eggshells with natural eggshells showed the formation of porous structure with an average pore diameter of 39.17 nm. Biodiesel was prepared by transesterification of algal oil by uncalcined eggshells, calcined eggshells and commercial calcium oxide with methanol. The yield of biodiesel was higher for calcined eggshells (78 %) than uncalcined eggshells (53 %). The produced biodiesel was sampled and analyzed for Gas chromatography – mass spectrometry, which confirmed the presence of predominant alkyl esters like hexadecenoic acid methyl ester, docosanoic methyl ester, palmitic acid methyl ester and oleic acid methyl ester. The heterogeneous catalyst can be reused upto seven times without any prescribed loss of catalyst activity. The Introduction of this eco-friendly catalyst in the transesterification reaction of biodiesel from Ulva lactuca will be cost-reduction for the production of an alternative
{"title":"Production of biodiesel from marine green seaweed using a renewable low-cost heterogeneous catalyst","authors":"H. Kumar, A. Renita, A. Anderson","doi":"10.56042/ijms.v51i05.65561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56042/ijms.v51i05.65561","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the biodiesel produced from Ulva lactuca , a marine green seaweed by solid oxide catalyst derived from low-cost waste eggshells is evaluated. Waste eggshells were calcined at 500 °C, 600 °C and 700 °C to increase catalytic activity which was characterized by X-ray diffraction pattern. The peaks of CaO were obtained by calcinations carried out at 700 °C for varied time periods. Comparison of images of scanning electron microscope of calcined eggshells with natural eggshells showed the formation of porous structure with an average pore diameter of 39.17 nm. Biodiesel was prepared by transesterification of algal oil by uncalcined eggshells, calcined eggshells and commercial calcium oxide with methanol. The yield of biodiesel was higher for calcined eggshells (78 %) than uncalcined eggshells (53 %). The produced biodiesel was sampled and analyzed for Gas chromatography – mass spectrometry, which confirmed the presence of predominant alkyl esters like hexadecenoic acid methyl ester, docosanoic methyl ester, palmitic acid methyl ester and oleic acid methyl ester. The heterogeneous catalyst can be reused upto seven times without any prescribed loss of catalyst activity. The Introduction of this eco-friendly catalyst in the transesterification reaction of biodiesel from Ulva lactuca will be cost-reduction for the production of an alternative","PeriodicalId":51062,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Geo-Marine Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91187510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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