Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.56042/ijms.v51i12.4262
{"title":"Tidal bore induced upward shift of marine fish species in Hooghly estuary, India","authors":"","doi":"10.56042/ijms.v51i12.4262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56042/ijms.v51i12.4262","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51062,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Geo-Marine Sciences","volume":"119 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77319652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.56042/ijms.v51i06.38731
N. Ramesh, S. Bhaskaran, Subba Rao
The modified form of the semi-circular breakwater is called Quarter-Circle Breakwater (QBW). It consists of a quarter-circular surface facing incident waves, a horizontal bottom, a rear wall, and is built on a rubble mound foundation. In general, QCB may be constructed as emerged, with and without perforations that may be on one side or either side based on the coastal designer. These perforations dissipate the energy due to the formation of eddies and turbulence created inside the hollow chamber. In the present study, experimental data obtained from Binumol, 2017 are fed as input to both the models. This data is used to predict the reflection coefficient of QBW by adopting the ANN system approach. The reliability of the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) approach is done with statistical parameters, namely Model Performance Analysis (MPA) viz ., Correlation Coefficient (CC), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE), and Scatter Index (SI). The results of the MPA indicate that the ANN is suited for predicting the reflection coefficient of QBW.
{"title":"Prediction of wave reflection for quarter circle breakwaters using soft computing techniques","authors":"N. Ramesh, S. Bhaskaran, Subba Rao","doi":"10.56042/ijms.v51i06.38731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56042/ijms.v51i06.38731","url":null,"abstract":"The modified form of the semi-circular breakwater is called Quarter-Circle Breakwater (QBW). It consists of a quarter-circular surface facing incident waves, a horizontal bottom, a rear wall, and is built on a rubble mound foundation. In general, QCB may be constructed as emerged, with and without perforations that may be on one side or either side based on the coastal designer. These perforations dissipate the energy due to the formation of eddies and turbulence created inside the hollow chamber. In the present study, experimental data obtained from Binumol, 2017 are fed as input to both the models. This data is used to predict the reflection coefficient of QBW by adopting the ANN system approach. The reliability of the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) approach is done with statistical parameters, namely Model Performance Analysis (MPA) viz ., Correlation Coefficient (CC), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE), and Scatter Index (SI). The results of the MPA indicate that the ANN is suited for predicting the reflection coefficient of QBW.","PeriodicalId":51062,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Geo-Marine Sciences","volume":"136 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77319733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.56042/ijms.v51i06.42393
{"title":"Spatiotemporal variations in the population dynamics of a few prominent brittle star species (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) from the intertidal flat of the Veraval coast, Gujarat, India","authors":"","doi":"10.56042/ijms.v51i06.42393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56042/ijms.v51i06.42393","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51062,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Geo-Marine Sciences","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81792309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.56042/ijms.v51i01.41726
{"title":"Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) and air-water CO2 exchange in the tropical semidiurnal estuarine system","authors":"","doi":"10.56042/ijms.v51i01.41726","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56042/ijms.v51i01.41726","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51062,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Geo-Marine Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82239111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.56042/ijms.v51i09.2335
S. Urasa, B. Mutlub, R. Ç. Koçb, B. Konuklugil
The enormous bioactive components of different species from marine habitats make them attractive candidates for the discovery of new therapeutic active substances in several diseases such as cancer. Sea sponge and tunicate materials are the ideal sources of new chemotherapeutics for various cancers due to their rich metabolites. The fundamental purpose of the current study is to investigate the cytotoxic activity of methanolic crude extracts of sponges ( Agelas oroides and Cladocora caespitosa ) and tunicates ( Ascidiella aspersa and Styela clava ) collected from the Aegean Sea. The cytotoxic activity and the anti-cancer activity of the extracts was carried out by sodium 3´-[1-(diphenyl aminocarbonyl)-3,4-tetrazolium] -bis (4-methoxy 6-nitro) benzene sulfonic acid hydrate (XTT) on gastric adenocarcinoma cell line AGS, prostate cancer cell line PC-3, neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y, and mouse fibroblast cell line L929. The extracts of sponge and tunicate were found to cause different cytotoxic effects on different cancer cells, largely in a concentration-dependent manner. It is found that the extracts exhibited high anti-cancer activities in neuroblastoma and prostate cancer cell lines at concentrations of 3 and 5 mg/ml. No significant cytotoxic activity was found in L929 cells. In addition, the microscopic examination of cells treated with the extracts shows that the extracts cause morphological changes with cellular rounding, which could be associated with apoptosis.
{"title":"The cytotoxic activity of Sponges and Tunicates from Turkish Aegean Sea","authors":"S. Urasa, B. Mutlub, R. Ç. Koçb, B. Konuklugil","doi":"10.56042/ijms.v51i09.2335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56042/ijms.v51i09.2335","url":null,"abstract":"The enormous bioactive components of different species from marine habitats make them attractive candidates for the discovery of new therapeutic active substances in several diseases such as cancer. Sea sponge and tunicate materials are the ideal sources of new chemotherapeutics for various cancers due to their rich metabolites. The fundamental purpose of the current study is to investigate the cytotoxic activity of methanolic crude extracts of sponges ( Agelas oroides and Cladocora caespitosa ) and tunicates ( Ascidiella aspersa and Styela clava ) collected from the Aegean Sea. The cytotoxic activity and the anti-cancer activity of the extracts was carried out by sodium 3´-[1-(diphenyl aminocarbonyl)-3,4-tetrazolium] -bis (4-methoxy 6-nitro) benzene sulfonic acid hydrate (XTT) on gastric adenocarcinoma cell line AGS, prostate cancer cell line PC-3, neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y, and mouse fibroblast cell line L929. The extracts of sponge and tunicate were found to cause different cytotoxic effects on different cancer cells, largely in a concentration-dependent manner. It is found that the extracts exhibited high anti-cancer activities in neuroblastoma and prostate cancer cell lines at concentrations of 3 and 5 mg/ml. No significant cytotoxic activity was found in L929 cells. In addition, the microscopic examination of cells treated with the extracts shows that the extracts cause morphological changes with cellular rounding, which could be associated with apoptosis.","PeriodicalId":51062,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Geo-Marine Sciences","volume":"46 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72431468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.56042/ijms.v51i08.39111
{"title":"Occurrence of an interesting Sweeper fish (Family: Pempheridae) from northern part of east coast of India","authors":"","doi":"10.56042/ijms.v51i08.39111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56042/ijms.v51i08.39111","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51062,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Geo-Marine Sciences","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80027655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.56042/ijms.v51i11.3506
{"title":"Diet composition and feeding behavior of largehead hairtail Trichiurus lepturus Linnaeus 1758 along the Eastern Arabian Sea and Western Bay of Bengal","authors":"","doi":"10.56042/ijms.v51i11.3506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56042/ijms.v51i11.3506","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51062,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Geo-Marine Sciences","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84983919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.56042/ijms.v51i03.39661
H. M. Sang, H. S. Lam
The effects of gonadotropin-releasing hormone – analogue (GnRH-a) injection on the ovarian maturation and steroid hormone level of blue tang ( Paracanthurus hepatus ) females were investigated. Pre-matured blue tang females were injected with GnRH-a at dosages of 150, 200 and 250 μ g/kg body weight and were then observed for fluctuation of steroid hormone levels, including testosterone (T), estradiol (E2) and 17 α ,20 β -dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (DHP) in plasma and ovary after 2 and 7 days. Plasma T level was not significantly different among the treated groups at sampling times. However, the ovarian T levels in the fish injected with 200 and 250 μ g/kg GnRH-a were higher than that of the non-administered GnRH-a and fish injected with 150 μ g/kg after two days ( P < 0.05). After seven days of the administration, the ovarian T level was lowest in the fish without GnRH-a injection and highest in the fish injected with 250 μ g/kg ( P < 0.05). The plasma and ovarian E2 levels were higher ( P < 0.05) in the fish injected with 200 and 250 μ g/kg of GnRH-a than in the control fish after 2 and 7 days of injection. Both the plasma and ovarian DHP levels in GnRH-a injected fish were significantly ( P < 0.05) increased after day 2 and was highest in the fish injected with 250 μ g/kg ( P < 0.05). After 7 days of injection, the plasma and ovarian DHP levels remained higher in the GnRH-a injected fish than in the controlled group ( P < 0.05). There was no difference in DHP levels among the GnRH-a-treated groups. The results indicate that the dosage of 200 µg/kg of GnRH-a is appropriate for inducing maturation of the blue tang fish.
{"title":"Effects of GnRH-a on the ovarian maturation of blue tang fish (Paracanthurus hepatus Linnaeus, 1776)","authors":"H. M. Sang, H. S. Lam","doi":"10.56042/ijms.v51i03.39661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56042/ijms.v51i03.39661","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of gonadotropin-releasing hormone – analogue (GnRH-a) injection on the ovarian maturation and steroid hormone level of blue tang ( Paracanthurus hepatus ) females were investigated. Pre-matured blue tang females were injected with GnRH-a at dosages of 150, 200 and 250 μ g/kg body weight and were then observed for fluctuation of steroid hormone levels, including testosterone (T), estradiol (E2) and 17 α ,20 β -dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (DHP) in plasma and ovary after 2 and 7 days. Plasma T level was not significantly different among the treated groups at sampling times. However, the ovarian T levels in the fish injected with 200 and 250 μ g/kg GnRH-a were higher than that of the non-administered GnRH-a and fish injected with 150 μ g/kg after two days ( P < 0.05). After seven days of the administration, the ovarian T level was lowest in the fish without GnRH-a injection and highest in the fish injected with 250 μ g/kg ( P < 0.05). The plasma and ovarian E2 levels were higher ( P < 0.05) in the fish injected with 200 and 250 μ g/kg of GnRH-a than in the control fish after 2 and 7 days of injection. Both the plasma and ovarian DHP levels in GnRH-a injected fish were significantly ( P < 0.05) increased after day 2 and was highest in the fish injected with 250 μ g/kg ( P < 0.05). After 7 days of injection, the plasma and ovarian DHP levels remained higher in the GnRH-a injected fish than in the controlled group ( P < 0.05). There was no difference in DHP levels among the GnRH-a-treated groups. The results indicate that the dosage of 200 µg/kg of GnRH-a is appropriate for inducing maturation of the blue tang fish.","PeriodicalId":51062,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Geo-Marine Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83970900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.56042/ijms.v51i01.40322
M. Nomana, Y. Mu, U. Nisara, M. Mohsinb, A. M. Memonc
Pakistan is endowed with abundant fisheries resources that have significant economic potential. Capture fisheries contribute a comparatively vital role to the national economy. However, poverty, environmental degradation and political instability are major problems for the Pakistani people, and no effective steps have been taken to handle this socio-economically important sector efficiently in the past. Furthermore, the fisheries sector faced its own set of challenges, including the emergence of small-scale artisanal fisheries, the nonexistence of technologies, deficiency of institutional development, an absence of infrastructure, insufficient human resource skill, and a lack of responsiveness among fishing societies, all of which contributed to the sector's demise. The National Fisheries Policy (NFP) was formulated to address these problems in the fisheries sector. Potential efforts have been made by the Government of Pakistan to solve these constraints under various plans of objectives and strategy axes of the policy. Our findings indicate that despite these efforts, the fisheries sector does not show significant growth to achieve the policy goals. So, it is necessary to re-evaluate and re-orient this policy for further development of this sector. It is also essential to achieve the aim of Government of Pakistan Vision 2025 to become one of the 25 th largest economies in the world.
{"title":"Constraint analysis of major problems facing the marine fisheries sector in accordance with the national fisheries policy of Pakistan","authors":"M. Nomana, Y. Mu, U. Nisara, M. Mohsinb, A. M. Memonc","doi":"10.56042/ijms.v51i01.40322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56042/ijms.v51i01.40322","url":null,"abstract":"Pakistan is endowed with abundant fisheries resources that have significant economic potential. Capture fisheries contribute a comparatively vital role to the national economy. However, poverty, environmental degradation and political instability are major problems for the Pakistani people, and no effective steps have been taken to handle this socio-economically important sector efficiently in the past. Furthermore, the fisheries sector faced its own set of challenges, including the emergence of small-scale artisanal fisheries, the nonexistence of technologies, deficiency of institutional development, an absence of infrastructure, insufficient human resource skill, and a lack of responsiveness among fishing societies, all of which contributed to the sector's demise. The National Fisheries Policy (NFP) was formulated to address these problems in the fisheries sector. Potential efforts have been made by the Government of Pakistan to solve these constraints under various plans of objectives and strategy axes of the policy. Our findings indicate that despite these efforts, the fisheries sector does not show significant growth to achieve the policy goals. So, it is necessary to re-evaluate and re-orient this policy for further development of this sector. It is also essential to achieve the aim of Government of Pakistan Vision 2025 to become one of the 25 th largest economies in the world.","PeriodicalId":51062,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Geo-Marine Sciences","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86351142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.56042/ijms.v51i02.34876
Y. Xing, G. Wang
Compared with other marine organisms, jellyfish are tolerant to hypoxia and frequently occur in minimum oxygen zones. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this tolerance remain unknown. This study investigated the molecular mechanisms responsible for hypoxia tolerance in Aurelia coerulea by cultivating them in an enclosed cultivation system under hypoxic and oxygen-saturated conditions for 18 h, followed by transcriptome-wide RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). Differential expression analysis indicated that 417 unigenes in medusae and 202 unigenes in polyps were differentially expressed between hypoxic and oxygen-saturated conditions. These differentially expressed genes were mainly involved in the metabolic process and catalytic activity and enriched in protein digestion and absorption, Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 (HIF-1) signalling and oxidative phosphorylation pathways. Some of these specific transcripts in the enriched pathways were validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. These results may provide mechanistic insights into the hypoxic tolerance of lower marine invertebrates that absorb oxygen directly from the water.
{"title":"Differential gene expression between normoxic and hypoxic conditions in the moon jellyfish Aurelia coerulea (Scorrano)","authors":"Y. Xing, G. Wang","doi":"10.56042/ijms.v51i02.34876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56042/ijms.v51i02.34876","url":null,"abstract":"Compared with other marine organisms, jellyfish are tolerant to hypoxia and frequently occur in minimum oxygen zones. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this tolerance remain unknown. This study investigated the molecular mechanisms responsible for hypoxia tolerance in Aurelia coerulea by cultivating them in an enclosed cultivation system under hypoxic and oxygen-saturated conditions for 18 h, followed by transcriptome-wide RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). Differential expression analysis indicated that 417 unigenes in medusae and 202 unigenes in polyps were differentially expressed between hypoxic and oxygen-saturated conditions. These differentially expressed genes were mainly involved in the metabolic process and catalytic activity and enriched in protein digestion and absorption, Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 (HIF-1) signalling and oxidative phosphorylation pathways. Some of these specific transcripts in the enriched pathways were validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. These results may provide mechanistic insights into the hypoxic tolerance of lower marine invertebrates that absorb oxygen directly from the water.","PeriodicalId":51062,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Geo-Marine Sciences","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85558359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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