Noropsikiyatri Arsivi-Archives of Neuropsychiatry最新文献

Introduction: Bibliometric analysis is a comprehensive method used to investigate the academic impact and characteristics of publications in a research field. It has been widely used in various fields of medicine. However, bibliometric analysis of publications in the field of clinical neurology from Türkiye has not yet been evaluated. In this study, we aimed to analyze the publications in the field of clinical neurology in the last decade from Türkiye using the bibliometric method and network analysis and to determine research trends and key issues.

Methods: We carried out a search of the Web of Science Core Collection database for articles. CiteSpace Advances 6.1. R 1 and VOSviewer (version 1.6.9) were used for bibliometric analyses and visualization.

Results: The research data consisted of 8404 articles in the category of the clinical neurology from Türkiye between 2012 and 2022. The number of publications rose over time, with a mean annual growth rate of 6%. From the document co-citation analysis, chronic migraine and mental health clusters were active current areas. From the keywords analysis, endovascular treatment, depression, oxidative stress, Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, and ischemic stroke were active clusters. Analysis of the authors showed that the most active authors were Betul Baykan, Cavit Boz, and Erdem Tuzun, and MS was the most active topic in this area and recent trend.

Conclusions: Clinical neurology is a rapidly expanding research area and attracting more and more attention from the authors. Our study can provide researchers who study the clinical neurology with valuable information on the current status and trends in this field and to facilitate for future studies.

Introduction: Cognitive biases can be defined as dysfunctional patterns of thought formation that lead to incorrect conclusions and abnormal perceptions and are critical factors in the development and maintenance of psychosis. Two self-report measures assessing cognitive biases in psychosis spectrum disorder (PSD) have recently been developed: the Davos Assessment of Cognitive Biases Scale (DACOBS) and the Cognitive Biases Questionnaire for Psychosis (CBQp). This study aimed to validate the Turkish versions of the DACOBS and CBQp.

Methods: The sample consisted of 171 patients with PSD and 162 age and sex-matched healthy controls (HC). We investigated I) the factor structure with confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), II) the reliability (internal consistency and test-retest reliability), III) discriminative power, IV) convergent validity, and V) the concurrent validity of DACOBS and CBQp.

Results: The 7-factor solution for DACOBS, similar to the original study, and the 5-factor solution for CBQp provided the best fit. DACOBS and CBQp total and their subscale scores showed good internal consistency and test-retest reliability. DACOBS and CBQp total and their subscale scores could differentiate between PSD patients and HCs when controlling for age, sex, and education. DACOBS and CBQp showed a positively moderate correlation. DACOBS and CBQp scores were associated with psychotic symptoms in PSD patients and positive psychic experiences in HCs.

Conclusions: Both the DACOBS and the CBQp have good psychometric properties and are suitable instruments for assessing cognitive biases in the Turkish population. The Turkish versions of the DACOBS and CBQp were as reliable and valid as the original.

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune and demyelinating disease of central nervous system (CNS) leading to progressive function loss. Besides infiltration of peripheral immune cells into CNS subsequent to neuroinflammation, the accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) elements, produced by brain barrier cells, in the enlarged perivascular spaces contributes to the pathophysiology. In this study, we aimed to develop an in-vitro model of MS to investigate fibrosis triggered by sera or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from MS patients and evaluate the response of blood-brain barrier (BBB) cells to this model.

Methods: Human brain vascular pericytes, endothelial cells and normal human astrocytes were cultured and exposed to a cytokine reference control (Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1)), healthy human sera, and sera/CSF from treatment naïve relapsing-remitting MS patients with the appropriate dilution dose. The pericytes cell proliferation were evaluated by xCELLigence, while the collagen and fibronectin expressions of BBB cells, and pericyte myofibroblastic transformation were analyzed with immunocytochemistry.

Results: TGF-β1 induced fibrosis, characterized by fibronectin overexpression, specifically in pericyte cultures. Furthermore, incubation of pericytes with MS serum but not CSF led to a more robust fibrotic response (fibronectin/collagen overexpression), myofibroblastic transformation as well as increased proliferation. Fibronectin overexpression was also detected in endothelial cell culture with MS serum. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression is increased, but fibrotic markers are decreased in cultured astrocytes with MS serum.

Conclusion: Pericytes, among BBB-forming cells, were identified as key contributors to fibrosis in response to MS serum. MS-serum-induced in vitro models are promising for studying the individualized tendencies of patients and may be a new approach for high-throughput screening of potential treatment agents.

Introduction: We investigated the effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy on post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) and performed the differential profiling of lncRNAs and mRNA.

Methods: The serum levels of different inflammatory factors were detected in PSCI patients with or without HBO therapy. The cognitive functions of patients in different groups were assessed before and after treatment. Differential expression analysis was performed on lncRNAs and mRNAs, followed by functional interaction prediction. The selected candidates were verified by Real-time Quantitative PCR and luciferase reporter assay.

Results: The results of MMSE and MoCA scores showed that patients in both the control (conventional treatment) group and HBO therapy group had significantly higher post-treatment cognitive scores, and in the 6th month after treatment, patients in the HBO group had higher scores than those in the control group. Blood inflammatory factors showed similar results, with the HBO group having higher anti-inflammatory factors IL-4 and IL-10 than the control group, and lower pro-inflammatory factors IL-2, IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-α and IL-17A than the control group. We further identified a competitive endogenous RNA regulator network of LINC00205-hsa-miR-495-3p-TNFSF15 involved in the HBO treatment, and their expression patterns were verified by qRT-PCR.

Conclusion: HBO treatment can improve the cognitive performance of PSCI patients in comparison to conventional treatment scheme. LINC00205/miR-495-3p/TNFSF15 axis may be responsible for the treatment effect of HBO therapy.

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between symptom dimensions within obsessive-compulsive disorder and thought-action fusion, magical thinking, and schizotypal personality traits.

Methods: This research was designed as a cross-sectional case-control study. The study population involved patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder, and healthy controls who did not exhibit any psychiatric disorders following the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-I). Thought-Action Fusion Scale (TAFS), Magical Ideation Scale (MIS), Vancouver Obsessional-Compulsive Inventory (VOCI), Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were administered to all participants. The two groups were compared in terms of sociodemographic variables and scale scores, Spearman's correlation analysis was performed to examine the relationship between TAFS total and all subscale scores, magical thinking, schizotypal personality traits and OCD symptom dimensions scores.

Results: The study comprised 37 patients with OCD and 36 healthy controls. The patient group exhibited significantly higher scores in TAF total and all subscales, MIS, SCQ, BDI, and BAI, compared to the healthy control group. Positive correlations between magical ideation scores and VOCI-obsessions and VOCI-hoarding subscale scores and between schizotypal personality scores and VOCI-obsessions, VOCI-hoarding, VOCI-just right, VOCI indecisiveness scores was found.

Conclusions: The relationship between symptom dimensions in obsessive-compulsive disorder such as sexual, religious, aggression, hoarding, symmetry/ordering and magical thinking and schizotypal personality traits shows that these variables are among the determining factors for OCD symptoms. .

Introduction: Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder distinguished from other neurodegenerative disorders by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra region of the brain, and is the most common neurodegenerative disorder, along with Alzheimer's Disease. PD is characterized by the presence of Lewy bodies when evaluated pathologically. Recent studies showed that the incidence of PH development as a result of genetic mutations alone is very low among all PD cases, and that environmental effects contribute significantly to the disease progression. The molecular mechanisms of diseases are associated with the maintenance of gene and protein expressions as a result of epigenetic regulations. The role of these regulations in the development and pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases is still not clearly understood.

Methods: In our study, we examined the expression levels of H3C1, H3C12, HDAC4, HDAC5, ANKRD11, ANKRD12, ITM2B and GABBR1, which are genes involved in epigenetic processes in patients with idiopathic PD. Seventy five patients diagnosed with idiopathic PD and 50 healthy controls were included in the study. Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell (PBMC) was obtained from whole blood taken from the patient and control groups, and then total RNA was isolated from PBMC.

Results: According to the comparison of the patient and control groups, the expression of H3C1, H3C12, ITM2B was high, and the expression of ANKRD11, HDAC4, HDAC5 and GABBR1 was low (p<0.05).

Conclusion: As conclusion, we propose that histone regulation is one of the epigenetic mechanisms related to the presence of PD.

Introduction: Patients with schizophrenia have a higher lifetime prevalence of suicidal behavior (SB) compared to the general population. Therefore, understanding the possible neurobiology of suicide and predicting the risk of suicide in schizophrenia is a solemnly critical issue.

Methods: 31 drug-naïve first episode schizophrenia (FES) patients with current SB (FES-S), 69 drug-naive patients with first episode schizophrenia without SB (FES-NS), and 69 drug-naïve non-psychotic patients with current SB (NPS) who were diagnosed according to The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - 5 (DSM-5) participated the study. The control group (HC) consisted of 127 individuals matched with the patients. Symptoms at the time of evaluation were assessed using The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (CSSRS). Blood samples were collected from all participants to determine White blood cell (WBC), neutrophil, monocyte, albumin, C-reactive protein (CRP), Lymphocyte, and Platelet levels and to measure this protein ratio.

Results: The blood levels of WBC, neutrophil, monocyte, albumin, CRP, and Neutrophil/Albumin Ratio (NAR) were higher in all patient groups compared to HC. CRP/Albumin Ratio (CAR) value was observed to be highest in the NPS group. Monocyte/Lymphocyte Ratio (MLR) value was significantly higher in patients with FES compared to HC. There were no significant differences between the FES-S group and the FES-NS and NPS groups.

Conclusion: It can be suggested that although inflammation is not a predictor for suicide attempts in schizophrenia, it is associated with the degree of suicide risk in schizophrenia. In addition, the strong relationship between suicide and psychiatric disorders can be the main reason for high peripheral inflammation levels in suicidal patients.

Introduction: It has been suggested that inhibin B (InhB), Anti-Müllerian hormone (Müllerian-inhibiting substance, AMH) levels, and 2D/4D finger length ratios are related to sex differences in neurodevelopmental disorders. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of InhB, AMH levels, and 2D/4D finger length ratios in male children with specific learning disorder (SLD).

Methods: The study included 38 male children diagnosed with SLD and 38 males of similar ages without SLD as the control group. Tests used in the evaluation were the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime version, Specific learning disorder clinical observation battery, Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R), and Conners' Parent Rating Scale.

Revised: Short Form. Serum AMH, InhB, and Testosterone levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results: Male children diagnosed with SLD demonstrated significantly higher levels of serum InhB compared to controls (t= 2.59 p=0.009); both groups had similar levels of serum testosterone and AMH. The 2D/4D finger ratios in the SLD group were found to be lower than those in the control group (t= 2.92 p= 0.005). Serum InhB levels were positively correlated with WISC-R verbal scores (p= 0.003).

Conclusion: Our findings suggest that serum InhB levels and the 2D/4D ratio, which is an indicator of prenatal testosterone exposure, may play a role in the male predominance of SLD.

Introduction: Genetic factors play an important role in the etiopathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The Pogo Transposable Element with ZNF Domain protein (POGZ) gene (MIM*614787) has been reported to be one of the most frequently mutated genes associated with ASD. This study aims to analyze the exonic regions of the POGZ gene in individuals diagnosed with non-syndromic ASD.

Methods: Fifty-one non-syndromic cases diagnosed with ASD according to the DSM-V diagnostic criteria, aged 2-18 years, were included in the study. The healthy control group consisted of 50 children of similar age groups without neurodevelopmental problems. Amplicons produced using deep intronic primers covering the mRNA-encoded regions of the POGZ gene from at least 50 base pairs were sequenced by Next Generation Sequencing Analysis.

Results: No pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants reported in open-access databases (ClinVar, HGMD, etc.) were detected in the case group. In the ASD and healthy control groups, rs113396244, rs11204811, rs779479223, rs772352054, rs3831142, rs112072925, rs227453 and rs142860188 variants were determined. The rs3831142, rs112072925, rs2274535, rs142860188 variants were found statistically significant in the ASD group. The distribution of the cases with detected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) according to gender was not statistically significant.

Conclusion: The variants identified as statistically significant within the patient group are situated in regions that encompass both the HP1-ZNF and DDE domains of the protein. Given the crucial role that the DDE domain plays, particularly in fetal brain development and neurogenesis, these four variants may potentially possess modifying and/or predisposing effects in the context of ASD.