Noropsikiyatri Arsivi-Archives of Neuropsychiatry最新文献

Introduction: The study aims to compare childhood traumas, attachment styles, impulsivity, and quality of life of Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) patients in remission with healthy controls and to reveal the relationships between these parameters.

Methods: The study included one hundred patients diagnosed with OUD and one hundred healthy volunteers. Sociodemographic data form, Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 Disorders Clinician Version, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, Relationship Scales Questionnaire, Barratt Impulsivity Scale-11, World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale Brief Version and Substance Craving Scale were administered.

Results: Emotional abuse, physical abuse, physical neglect, and emotional neglect scores were higher in the OUD group (p<0.001, p=0.004, p<0.001, p=0.005, respectively). Attachment styles were found to be similar in the OUD and healthy control groups. A comparison of quality of life scores revealed that general health, physical health, and social relationships subscale scores were lower in the OUD group (p=0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, respectively). Unplanned impulsivity scores were higher in the OUD (p<0.001). Logistic regression analysis found strong associations between age, smoking, physical neglect, and unplanned impulsivity with opioid use.

Conclusion: The patients with OUD have a lower quality of life and experience more childhood trauma. Attachment styles in OUD appear similar to healthy controls. Age, smoking, physical neglect, and unplanned impulsivity have strong associations with opioid use.

Introduction: USP9X has been associated with neurodevelopmental disorders due to its role in synaptic development and neural function. This study aimed to compare USP9X and TGF-β levels in children with autism and healthy controls, and explore their relationship with autism severity.

Methods: Serum USP9X and TGF-β levels were measured in 41 healthy control children (aged 3-12 years) and 41 children with autism.

Results: Our study revealed a significant increase in USP9X levels (p=0.001) among children with autism compared to controls. However, TGF-β levels showed no significant difference between the two groups. Furthermore, we observed a positive correlation between difficulty in making eye contact subscale and blood levels of both USP9X and TGF-β.

Conclusions: This study is the first to compare serum USP9X levels in children with autism to healthy controls. Our findings suggest USP9X's potential role in autism development, emphasizing the need for further research on its involvement in neurodevelopmental processes.

Organ transplantation practices have witnessed tremendous advances all over the world and in Türkiye in recent years, and the pre-transplantation preparation, operation and postoperative follow-up procedures are being meticulously handled. However, there is very limited information about follow-up processes of pediatric patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) undergoing organ transplantation. Furthermore, it is difficult to manage the arduous and long-term care and follow-up processes in ASD cases undergoing organ transplantation. In this case report, an 11-year-old male patient with a diagnosis of ASD and attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) was reviewed psychiatrically for the suitability of ventricular assist device (VAD) implantation and heart transplantation, and the multidisciplinary council process was evaluated. The council decided that the case was suitable for heart transplantation but not suitable for long-term intracorporeal device implantation due to behaviors such as plucking wounds, playing with vascular access, and being nervous about vascular access. The council stated that due to sensory hypersensitivity of the case, implantation of such a device may further increase anxiety, and involuntary damage to the device may result in personal harm. We hope that this case report will guide future endeavors to develop devices suitable for cases with ASD or other behavioral problems.

Introduction: Since there are not enough scales to evaluate the cognitive performance of adolescents in Türkiye, the aim of this study is to conduct a reliability and validity study of the Test of Nonverbal Intelligence-3 (TONI-3) for individuals aged between 14 and 17.

Methods: A total of 566 children between the ages of 14-17 were included in the study. A form of TONI-3 test was administered to all participants. Test-retest and parallel form application were made for reliability analyses, and Raven Standard Progressive Matrices Test (RSPM) and Naglieri Nonverbal Ability Test (NNAT-I) tests were applied for validity analyses.

Results: It has been found that the TONI-3 Test has a high reliability with an average reliability coefficient of 0.92. It was determined that there was a high, positive and significant relationship between Form A and Form B of the TONI-3 Test (r=0.76, p<0.01). The correlation coefficient between the scores was found to be 0.83 between the first application of the TONI-3 test and the test repeated after 4 weeks. A high, positive and significant correlation was found between TONI-3 Test, RSPM Test and NNAT-I (r=0.69, p<0.01; r=0.81, p<0.01).

Conclusion: This study revealed evidence of the reliability and validity of the TONI-3 test between the ages of 14-17. This is the first study of the TONI-3 test in this age group. It is thought that clinicians can practically evaluate cognitive abilities in children who are clinically referred to or determined to have behavior disorders at school through this test.

Introduction: Bibliometric analysis is a comprehensive method used to investigate the academic impact and characteristics of publications in a research field. It has been widely used in various fields of medicine. However, bibliometric analysis of publications in the field of clinical neurology from Türkiye has not yet been evaluated. In this study, we aimed to analyze the publications in the field of clinical neurology in the last decade from Türkiye using the bibliometric method and network analysis and to determine research trends and key issues.

Methods: We carried out a search of the Web of Science Core Collection database for articles. CiteSpace Advances 6.1. R 1 and VOSviewer (version 1.6.9) were used for bibliometric analyses and visualization.

Results: The research data consisted of 8404 articles in the category of the clinical neurology from Türkiye between 2012 and 2022. The number of publications rose over time, with a mean annual growth rate of 6%. From the document co-citation analysis, chronic migraine and mental health clusters were active current areas. From the keywords analysis, endovascular treatment, depression, oxidative stress, Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, and ischemic stroke were active clusters. Analysis of the authors showed that the most active authors were Betul Baykan, Cavit Boz, and Erdem Tuzun, and MS was the most active topic in this area and recent trend.

Conclusions: Clinical neurology is a rapidly expanding research area and attracting more and more attention from the authors. Our study can provide researchers who study the clinical neurology with valuable information on the current status and trends in this field and to facilitate for future studies.

Introduction: Cognitive biases can be defined as dysfunctional patterns of thought formation that lead to incorrect conclusions and abnormal perceptions and are critical factors in the development and maintenance of psychosis. Two self-report measures assessing cognitive biases in psychosis spectrum disorder (PSD) have recently been developed: the Davos Assessment of Cognitive Biases Scale (DACOBS) and the Cognitive Biases Questionnaire for Psychosis (CBQp). This study aimed to validate the Turkish versions of the DACOBS and CBQp.

Methods: The sample consisted of 171 patients with PSD and 162 age and sex-matched healthy controls (HC). We investigated I) the factor structure with confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), II) the reliability (internal consistency and test-retest reliability), III) discriminative power, IV) convergent validity, and V) the concurrent validity of DACOBS and CBQp.

Results: The 7-factor solution for DACOBS, similar to the original study, and the 5-factor solution for CBQp provided the best fit. DACOBS and CBQp total and their subscale scores showed good internal consistency and test-retest reliability. DACOBS and CBQp total and their subscale scores could differentiate between PSD patients and HCs when controlling for age, sex, and education. DACOBS and CBQp showed a positively moderate correlation. DACOBS and CBQp scores were associated with psychotic symptoms in PSD patients and positive psychic experiences in HCs.

Conclusions: Both the DACOBS and the CBQp have good psychometric properties and are suitable instruments for assessing cognitive biases in the Turkish population. The Turkish versions of the DACOBS and CBQp were as reliable and valid as the original.

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune and demyelinating disease of central nervous system (CNS) leading to progressive function loss. Besides infiltration of peripheral immune cells into CNS subsequent to neuroinflammation, the accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) elements, produced by brain barrier cells, in the enlarged perivascular spaces contributes to the pathophysiology. In this study, we aimed to develop an in-vitro model of MS to investigate fibrosis triggered by sera or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from MS patients and evaluate the response of blood-brain barrier (BBB) cells to this model.

Methods: Human brain vascular pericytes, endothelial cells and normal human astrocytes were cultured and exposed to a cytokine reference control (Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1)), healthy human sera, and sera/CSF from treatment naïve relapsing-remitting MS patients with the appropriate dilution dose. The pericytes cell proliferation were evaluated by xCELLigence, while the collagen and fibronectin expressions of BBB cells, and pericyte myofibroblastic transformation were analyzed with immunocytochemistry.

Results: TGF-β1 induced fibrosis, characterized by fibronectin overexpression, specifically in pericyte cultures. Furthermore, incubation of pericytes with MS serum but not CSF led to a more robust fibrotic response (fibronectin/collagen overexpression), myofibroblastic transformation as well as increased proliferation. Fibronectin overexpression was also detected in endothelial cell culture with MS serum. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression is increased, but fibrotic markers are decreased in cultured astrocytes with MS serum.

Conclusion: Pericytes, among BBB-forming cells, were identified as key contributors to fibrosis in response to MS serum. MS-serum-induced in vitro models are promising for studying the individualized tendencies of patients and may be a new approach for high-throughput screening of potential treatment agents.

Introduction: We investigated the effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy on post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) and performed the differential profiling of lncRNAs and mRNA.

Methods: The serum levels of different inflammatory factors were detected in PSCI patients with or without HBO therapy. The cognitive functions of patients in different groups were assessed before and after treatment. Differential expression analysis was performed on lncRNAs and mRNAs, followed by functional interaction prediction. The selected candidates were verified by Real-time Quantitative PCR and luciferase reporter assay.

Results: The results of MMSE and MoCA scores showed that patients in both the control (conventional treatment) group and HBO therapy group had significantly higher post-treatment cognitive scores, and in the 6th month after treatment, patients in the HBO group had higher scores than those in the control group. Blood inflammatory factors showed similar results, with the HBO group having higher anti-inflammatory factors IL-4 and IL-10 than the control group, and lower pro-inflammatory factors IL-2, IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-α and IL-17A than the control group. We further identified a competitive endogenous RNA regulator network of LINC00205-hsa-miR-495-3p-TNFSF15 involved in the HBO treatment, and their expression patterns were verified by qRT-PCR.

Conclusion: HBO treatment can improve the cognitive performance of PSCI patients in comparison to conventional treatment scheme. LINC00205/miR-495-3p/TNFSF15 axis may be responsible for the treatment effect of HBO therapy.