Stephen Drew, Martin Wolterding, Andrew Rawson, Jason Drew
Objective
The coexistence of fisheries and offshore wind depends in part on the feasibility of fishing within turbine arrays. This paper explores the value of the Automatic Identification System (AIS) to measure tows of commercial trawl and dredge vessels as quantitative indications of their spatial characteristics to inform offshore wind assessments.
Methods
Public records from the AIS provide objective, detailed data supporting the measurement of fishing tows from recent years. Patterns and dimensions were examined from 45 trawl and dredge trips of 35 vessels.
Result
Although vessels spread some trips over large areas, they also make multiple passes in swaths as narrow as 0.3 nautical miles (NM). Turns are made by towing the gear through an arc ranging from 0.2 NM to more than 1 NM in diameter or by hauling gear to the boat and turning in less than 0.1 NM. These practices are confirmed by fishing captains.
Conclusion
These objective data from actual fishing trips could be valuable in considering the feasibility of fishing in wind farms and planning appropriate layouts. This first effort provides too small a sample to be considered representative, but it may demonstrate the concepts and encourage further research. Techniques could be refined and extended to other regions and activities, as expanding marine interests share limited space.
{"title":"Spatial analysis of fishing tows with Automatic Identification System (AIS) data to inform offshore wind layouts","authors":"Stephen Drew, Martin Wolterding, Andrew Rawson, Jason Drew","doi":"10.1002/mcf2.10279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mcf2.10279","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The coexistence of fisheries and offshore wind depends in part on the feasibility of fishing within turbine arrays. This paper explores the value of the Automatic Identification System (AIS) to measure tows of commercial trawl and dredge vessels as quantitative indications of their spatial characteristics to inform offshore wind assessments.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Public records from the AIS provide objective, detailed data supporting the measurement of fishing tows from recent years. Patterns and dimensions were examined from 45 trawl and dredge trips of 35 vessels.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Result</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although vessels spread some trips over large areas, they also make multiple passes in swaths as narrow as 0.3 nautical miles (NM). Turns are made by towing the gear through an arc ranging from 0.2 NM to more than 1 NM in diameter or by hauling gear to the boat and turning in less than 0.1 NM. These practices are confirmed by fishing captains.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These objective data from actual fishing trips could be valuable in considering the feasibility of fishing in wind farms and planning appropriate layouts. This first effort provides too small a sample to be considered representative, but it may demonstrate the concepts and encourage further research. Techniques could be refined and extended to other regions and activities, as expanding marine interests share limited space.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51257,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Coastal Fisheries","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mcf2.10279","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139550323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Grace A. Casselberry, Gregory B. Skomal, Lucas P. Griffin, Jacob W. Brownscombe, Alex Filous, Peter E. Holder, Joseph Dello Russo, Campbell Morgan, Jeff Kneebone, Aaron J. Adams, Steven J. Cooke, Andy J. Danylchuk
Objective
Shark depredation, the full or partial consumption of a hooked fish by a shark before it is landed, is an increasing source of human–wildlife conflict in recreational fisheries. Reports of shark depredation in the catch-and-release Tarpon (also known as Atlantic Tarpon) Megalops atlanticus fishery in the Florida Keys are increasing, specifically in Bahia Honda, a recreational fishing hot spot and a putative Tarpon prespawning aggregation site.
Methods
Using visual surveys of fishing in Bahia Honda, we quantified depredation rates and drivers of depredation. With acoustic telemetry, we simultaneously tracked 51 Tarpon and 14 Great Hammerheads (also known as Great Hammerhead Sharks) Sphyrna mokarran, the most common shark to depredate Tarpon, to quantify residency and spatial overlap in Bahia Honda.
Result
During the visual survey, 394 Tarpon were hooked. The combined observed shark depredation and immediate postrelease predation rate was 15.3% for Tarpon that were fought longer than 5 min. Survival analysis and decision trees showed that depredation risk was highest in the first 5–12 min of the fight and on the outgoing current. During the spawning season, Great Hammerheads shifted their space use in Bahia Honda to overlap with Tarpon core use areas. Great Hammerheads restricted their space use on the outgoing current when compared to the incoming current, which could drive increased shark–angler interactions.
Conclusion
Bahia Honda has clear ecological importance for both Tarpon and Great Hammerheads as a prespawning aggregation and feeding ground. The observed depredation mortality and postrelease predation mortality raise conservation concerns for the fishery. Efforts to educate anglers to improve best practices, including reducing fight times and ending a fight prematurely when sharks are present, will be essential to increase Tarpon survival and reduce shark–angler conflict.
{"title":"Depredation rates and spatial overlap between Great Hammerheads and Tarpon in a recreational fishing hot spot","authors":"Grace A. Casselberry, Gregory B. Skomal, Lucas P. Griffin, Jacob W. Brownscombe, Alex Filous, Peter E. Holder, Joseph Dello Russo, Campbell Morgan, Jeff Kneebone, Aaron J. Adams, Steven J. Cooke, Andy J. Danylchuk","doi":"10.1002/mcf2.10277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mcf2.10277","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Shark depredation, the full or partial consumption of a hooked fish by a shark before it is landed, is an increasing source of human–wildlife conflict in recreational fisheries. Reports of shark depredation in the catch-and-release Tarpon (also known as Atlantic Tarpon) <i>Megalops atlanticus</i> fishery in the Florida Keys are increasing, specifically in Bahia Honda, a recreational fishing hot spot and a putative Tarpon prespawning aggregation site.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using visual surveys of fishing in Bahia Honda, we quantified depredation rates and drivers of depredation. With acoustic telemetry, we simultaneously tracked 51 Tarpon and 14 Great Hammerheads (also known as Great Hammerhead Sharks) <i>Sphyrna mokarran</i>, the most common shark to depredate Tarpon, to quantify residency and spatial overlap in Bahia Honda.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Result</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>During the visual survey, 394 Tarpon were hooked. The combined observed shark depredation and immediate postrelease predation rate was 15.3% for Tarpon that were fought longer than 5 min. Survival analysis and decision trees showed that depredation risk was highest in the first 5–12 min of the fight and on the outgoing current. During the spawning season, Great Hammerheads shifted their space use in Bahia Honda to overlap with Tarpon core use areas. Great Hammerheads restricted their space use on the outgoing current when compared to the incoming current, which could drive increased shark–angler interactions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Bahia Honda has clear ecological importance for both Tarpon and Great Hammerheads as a prespawning aggregation and feeding ground. The observed depredation mortality and postrelease predation mortality raise conservation concerns for the fishery. Efforts to educate anglers to improve best practices, including reducing fight times and ending a fight prematurely when sharks are present, will be essential to increase Tarpon survival and reduce shark–angler conflict.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51257,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Coastal Fisheries","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mcf2.10277","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139550322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kesley G. Banks, Matthew K. Streich, Gregory W. Stunz
Objective
Temporal and spatial variation in growth can have significant implications for the assessment and management of exploited populations. Therefore, the age and growth of King Mackerel Scomberomorus cavalla were estimated for the western Gulf of Mexico, where there are large gaps in the available data.
Methods
A total of 727 sagittal otoliths from 411 females, 248 males, and 68 individuals of unknown sex were collected from headboats, private recreational anglers, tournaments, and fishery-independent sampling and aged.
Result
Ages ranged from 0 to 17 years with lengths ranging from 13 to 147 cm fork length. The distribution of lengths and ages differed marginally for fishing sector (i.e., tournament vs. headboat vs. private). The fish that were collected from tournaments were larger than those collected from headboats and private anglers. The distribution of lengths and ages did vary by sex, with females obtaining larger sizes than males. However, there was no difference in mean age by sex. Using the multimodel approach, the Richards model improved the fit for both the youngest and oldest fish in the sample relative to the other growth models that were evaluated. Sex-specific differences in the Richards model were detected, with females growing larger than males but more slowly. Although peak catch was observed at age 5, King Mackerel were not fully recruited to the recreational fishery until age 6. The Chapman-Robson Peak Plus estimate of Z was 0.37.
Conclusion
These data provide a contemporary snapshot of size structure, age, growth, and mortality for King Mackerel from an undersampled region of the Gulf of Mexico and highlight several key considerations for upcoming stock assessments.
{"title":"Age, growth, and mortality of King Mackerel in the western Gulf of Mexico","authors":"Kesley G. Banks, Matthew K. Streich, Gregory W. Stunz","doi":"10.1002/mcf2.10278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mcf2.10278","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Temporal and spatial variation in growth can have significant implications for the assessment and management of exploited populations. Therefore, the age and growth of King Mackerel <i>Scomberomorus cavalla</i> were estimated for the western Gulf of Mexico, where there are large gaps in the available data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 727 sagittal otoliths from 411 females, 248 males, and 68 individuals of unknown sex were collected from headboats, private recreational anglers, tournaments, and fishery-independent sampling and aged.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Result</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ages ranged from 0 to 17 years with lengths ranging from 13 to 147 cm fork length. The distribution of lengths and ages differed marginally for fishing sector (i.e., tournament vs. headboat vs. private). The fish that were collected from tournaments were larger than those collected from headboats and private anglers. The distribution of lengths and ages did vary by sex, with females obtaining larger sizes than males. However, there was no difference in mean age by sex. Using the multimodel approach, the Richards model improved the fit for both the youngest and oldest fish in the sample relative to the other growth models that were evaluated. Sex-specific differences in the Richards model were detected, with females growing larger than males but more slowly. Although peak catch was observed at age 5, King Mackerel were not fully recruited to the recreational fishery until age 6. The Chapman-Robson Peak Plus estimate of <i>Z</i> was 0.37.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These data provide a contemporary snapshot of size structure, age, growth, and mortality for King Mackerel from an undersampled region of the Gulf of Mexico and highlight several key considerations for upcoming stock assessments.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51257,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Coastal Fisheries","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mcf2.10278","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139435064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The editors and editorial board thank the following people who contributed technical reviews of manuscripts submitted to Marine and Coastal Fisheries: Dynamics, Management, and Ecosystem Science during the year ending November 30, 2023.
Ana C. Vaz, Mandy Karnauskas, Matthew Smith, LaTreese S. Denson, Claire B. Paris, Matthieu Le Hénaff, Kate Siegfried
Objective
Red Snapper Lutjanus campechanus is a valued, heavily exploited fish species in the Gulf of Mexico. The species is distributed over a wide variety of habitats through its life history, and current evidence suggests moderate to high site fidelity, with particularly small home ranges and high residency times when fish are associated with reef structures. Given these life history traits, it is not surprising that within the gulf, there is evidence that the overall population is composed of multiple subpopulations. Thus, dispersal of early life stages plays an important role in the Red Snapper gulf population structure and dynamics, as embryo and larvae can be transported for longer distances, driving stock mixing and supplying recruits to sustain and replenish local subpopulations. Here, we assess the connectivity patterns of Red Snapper driven by larval dispersal in the Gulf of Mexico by simulating dispersal and recruitment.
Methods
This study employs a modeling approach to examine the probabilistic connectivity patterns of Red Snapper influenced by larval dispersal in the Gulf of Mexico. It investigates the impact of local oceanography, species behavior, and demographics on Red Snapper population structure. We estimate the spatial characteristics of Red Snapper dispersal, quantifying connectivity and larval supply fluxes between management jurisdictions, including state boundaries and the three-area boundaries recently selected during the stock identification portion of the Gulf of Mexico Red Snapper Research Track Assessment. We use the modeled probability of settlement as a proxy for recruitment.
Result
Our results indicate that Red Snapper recruitment occurs mostly close to their spawning sites (median distance 80 km). Simulated dispersal revealed exchange of Red Snapper larvae across state boundaries, with Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana receiving a considerable supply of recruits from other states. Finally, estimation of subpopulations based on larval exchange support the areal divisions used within the research track stock assessment.
Conclusion
Our results suggest that interstate cooperation in heavily connected regions could benefit management of the species by optimizing sustainable exploitation across the Gulf of Mexico.
{"title":"Red Snapper connectivity in the Gulf of Mexico","authors":"Ana C. Vaz, Mandy Karnauskas, Matthew Smith, LaTreese S. Denson, Claire B. Paris, Matthieu Le Hénaff, Kate Siegfried","doi":"10.1002/mcf2.10275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mcf2.10275","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Red Snapper <i>Lutjanus campechanus</i> is a valued, heavily exploited fish species in the Gulf of Mexico. The species is distributed over a wide variety of habitats through its life history, and current evidence suggests moderate to high site fidelity, with particularly small home ranges and high residency times when fish are associated with reef structures. Given these life history traits, it is not surprising that within the gulf, there is evidence that the overall population is composed of multiple subpopulations. Thus, dispersal of early life stages plays an important role in the Red Snapper gulf population structure and dynamics, as embryo and larvae can be transported for longer distances, driving stock mixing and supplying recruits to sustain and replenish local subpopulations. Here, we assess the connectivity patterns of Red Snapper driven by larval dispersal in the Gulf of Mexico by simulating dispersal and recruitment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study employs a modeling approach to examine the probabilistic connectivity patterns of Red Snapper influenced by larval dispersal in the Gulf of Mexico. It investigates the impact of local oceanography, species behavior, and demographics on Red Snapper population structure. We estimate the spatial characteristics of Red Snapper dispersal, quantifying connectivity and larval supply fluxes between management jurisdictions, including state boundaries and the three-area boundaries recently selected during the stock identification portion of the Gulf of Mexico Red Snapper Research Track Assessment. We use the modeled probability of settlement as a proxy for recruitment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Result</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results indicate that Red Snapper recruitment occurs mostly close to their spawning sites (median distance 80 km). Simulated dispersal revealed exchange of Red Snapper larvae across state boundaries, with Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana receiving a considerable supply of recruits from other states. Finally, estimation of subpopulations based on larval exchange support the areal divisions used within the research track stock assessment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results suggest that interstate cooperation in heavily connected regions could benefit management of the species by optimizing sustainable exploitation across the Gulf of Mexico.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51257,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Coastal Fisheries","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mcf2.10275","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139047545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rapid changes in the world's oceans make assessment of fish population responses to multiple stressors, especially on scales relevant to management, increasingly important. I used an existing agent-based, spatially explicit model of Atlantic Croaker Micropogonias undulatus in the northern Gulf of Mexico to examine how temperature, hypoxia, and ocean acidification, singly and in combinations, affect long-term population dynamics.
Methods
I performed a factorial simulation experiment with each stressor at three levels and analyzed various treatment combinations to assess the additivity and multiplicity of interactions. The response variables were long-term equilibrium (final year) values of spawning stock biomass (SSB), recruitment, weight at age, and two measures of stock productivity (recruits per SSB and maximum recruitment) derived from the spawner–recruit relationship fitted to model output. I used the single-stressor effects from the experiment to predict how the response variables would change when all three stressors were changed. Single-stressor effects were combined as the sum of the fractional changes (additive scale) and the product of ratios of changes (multiplicative scale) and compared to the responses in simulations with all stressors imposed.
Result
Analyzing the factorial design for two-way and three-way interactions showed that there were many interactions on the additive scale but very few on the multiplicative scale. Thus, the responses to multiple stressors were well predicted from single stressor effects when combined as multiplicative effects.
Conclusion
I discuss how the lack of strong interactions could be due to model assumptions, the structure of the model, or oversimplified representation of stressor effects. Alternatively, the model and analysis may be sufficiently realistic and weak interactions on the multiplicative scale may be common. This would reduce a complicated multi-factor situation to a series of more tractable single-factor effects. A critical next step is to determine how we can a priori identify situations of low interactions (i.e., predictable from single-stressor effects) without having to already know the multi-stressor response.
{"title":"Sometimes (often?) responses to multiple stressors can be predicted from single-stressor effects: A case study using an agent-based population model of croaker in the Gulf of Mexico","authors":"Kenneth A. Rose","doi":"10.1002/mcf2.10260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mcf2.10260","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Rapid changes in the world's oceans make assessment of fish population responses to multiple stressors, especially on scales relevant to management, increasingly important. I used an existing agent-based, spatially explicit model of Atlantic Croaker <i>Micropogonias undulatus</i> in the northern Gulf of Mexico to examine how temperature, hypoxia, and ocean acidification, singly and in combinations, affect long-term population dynamics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>I performed a factorial simulation experiment with each stressor at three levels and analyzed various treatment combinations to assess the additivity and multiplicity of interactions. The response variables were long-term equilibrium (final year) values of spawning stock biomass (SSB), recruitment, weight at age, and two measures of stock productivity (recruits per SSB and maximum recruitment) derived from the spawner–recruit relationship fitted to model output. I used the single-stressor effects from the experiment to predict how the response variables would change when all three stressors were changed. Single-stressor effects were combined as the sum of the fractional changes (additive scale) and the product of ratios of changes (multiplicative scale) and compared to the responses in simulations with all stressors imposed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Result</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Analyzing the factorial design for two-way and three-way interactions showed that there were many interactions on the additive scale but very few on the multiplicative scale. Thus, the responses to multiple stressors were well predicted from single stressor effects when combined as multiplicative effects.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>I discuss how the lack of strong interactions could be due to model assumptions, the structure of the model, or oversimplified representation of stressor effects. Alternatively, the model and analysis may be sufficiently realistic and weak interactions on the multiplicative scale may be common. This would reduce a complicated multi-factor situation to a series of more tractable single-factor effects. A critical next step is to determine how we can a priori identify situations of low interactions (i.e., predictable from single-stressor effects) without having to already know the multi-stressor response.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51257,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Coastal Fisheries","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mcf2.10260","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139047523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michelle Shaffer, Sara Mariott, Kristy A. Lewis, Joe Buszowski, Kim de Mutsert
The Gulf of Mexico hosts some of the most productive fisheries in the United States, whereas the same region is known to experience environmental stressors, such as summer hypoxia. Ecosystem models have been developed for the Gulf of Mexico to determine how hypoxia affects living marine resources, but these models and their output are not always easy to access or interpret by managers, thereby decreasing their implementation in a management setting. To help alleviate the gap between ecosystem model development and management utility, the current study focuses on co-produced, user-friendly tools that describe the effects of nutrient and hypoxia reductions on marine living resources.
{"title":"Action science in practice: Co-production of a decision support tool visualizing effects of nutrient and hypoxia reduction goals on fisheries species","authors":"Michelle Shaffer, Sara Mariott, Kristy A. Lewis, Joe Buszowski, Kim de Mutsert","doi":"10.1002/mcf2.10262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mcf2.10262","url":null,"abstract":"The Gulf of Mexico hosts some of the most productive fisheries in the United States, whereas the same region is known to experience environmental stressors, such as summer hypoxia. Ecosystem models have been developed for the Gulf of Mexico to determine how hypoxia affects living marine resources, but these models and their output are not always easy to access or interpret by managers, thereby decreasing their implementation in a management setting. To help alleviate the gap between ecosystem model development and management utility, the current study focuses on co-produced, user-friendly tools that describe the effects of nutrient and hypoxia reductions on marine living resources.","PeriodicalId":51257,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Coastal Fisheries","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139026883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michelle Shaffer, Sara Mariott, Kristy A. Lewis, Joe Buszowski, Kim de Mutsert
Objective
The Gulf of Mexico hosts some of the most productive fisheries in the United States, whereas the same region is known to experience environmental stressors, such as summer hypoxia. Ecosystem models have been developed for the Gulf of Mexico to determine how hypoxia affects living marine resources, but these models and their output are not always easy to access or interpret by managers, thereby decreasing their implementation in a management setting. To help alleviate the gap between ecosystem model development and management utility, the current study focuses on co-produced, user-friendly tools that describe the effects of nutrient and hypoxia reductions on marine living resources.
Methods
Two decisions were made prior to the ecosystem model development to facilitate the transfer of model output: (1) to engage and consult fisheries and restoration managers throughout ecosystem model development to ensure that the output would provide relevant information; and (2) to provide an accessible visualization tool for making ecosystem model output readily available to support the needs of decision makers.
Result
Results from an advisory panel survey instrument and advisory panel meetings guided ecosystem model development and launched the development of a decision support tool. The iterative process of building a decision support tool incorporating feedback from survey instrument respondents resulted in an ESRI ArcGIS Dashboard that allows end-users to identify the effects of hypoxia and respondent-specified nutrient and hypoxia reduction goals on the biomass and distribution of fisheries species.
Conclusion
The intent is to aid managers who are actively working to address hypoxia in the Gulf of Mexico with easy-to-access information on the effects of planned actions and to encourage future modelers to apply action science principles to best address the needs of decision makers.
{"title":"Action science in practice: Co-production of a decision support tool visualizing effects of nutrient and hypoxia reduction goals on fisheries species","authors":"Michelle Shaffer, Sara Mariott, Kristy A. Lewis, Joe Buszowski, Kim de Mutsert","doi":"10.1002/mcf2.10262","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mcf2.10262","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Gulf of Mexico hosts some of the most productive fisheries in the United States, whereas the same region is known to experience environmental stressors, such as summer hypoxia. Ecosystem models have been developed for the Gulf of Mexico to determine how hypoxia affects living marine resources, but these models and their output are not always easy to access or interpret by managers, thereby decreasing their implementation in a management setting. To help alleviate the gap between ecosystem model development and management utility, the current study focuses on co-produced, user-friendly tools that describe the effects of nutrient and hypoxia reductions on marine living resources.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Two decisions were made prior to the ecosystem model development to facilitate the transfer of model output: (1) to engage and consult fisheries and restoration managers throughout ecosystem model development to ensure that the output would provide relevant information; and (2) to provide an accessible visualization tool for making ecosystem model output readily available to support the needs of decision makers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Result</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Results from an advisory panel survey instrument and advisory panel meetings guided ecosystem model development and launched the development of a decision support tool. The iterative process of building a decision support tool incorporating feedback from survey instrument respondents resulted in an ESRI ArcGIS Dashboard that allows end-users to identify the effects of hypoxia and respondent-specified nutrient and hypoxia reduction goals on the biomass and distribution of fisheries species.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The intent is to aid managers who are actively working to address hypoxia in the Gulf of Mexico with easy-to-access information on the effects of planned actions and to encourage future modelers to apply action science principles to best address the needs of decision makers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51257,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Coastal Fisheries","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mcf2.10262","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139013292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Susan K. Lowerre-Barbieri, Nancy J. Brown-Peterson, David M. Wyanski, Heather E. Moncrief-Cox, Kevin J. Kolmos, Hayden S. Menendez, Beverly K. Barnett, Claudia Friess
Objective
This paper highlights the complexity of marine fish spawner–recruit systems and how they vary across species and ecosystems while providing a universal terminology and framework to evaluate fish reproduction. We emphasize the gonadal development important to assess maturity, fecundity, where and when fish spawn, and transition and sex assignment in protogynous species.
Methods
We review and compare reproductive traits in warmwater and coldwater fishes. Reproductive phases for both sexes and protogynous species are defined and histological micrographs presented. New methods are developed to assess maturity; spawning seasonality; peak spawning; and, for protogynous species, sex assignment.
Result
Protogyny, extended spawning seasons, and indeterminate fecundity are more common in warmwater than coldwater systems. The following reproductive phases are defined as immature, transitional (sex change), early developing (the first stage of entrainment in the reproductive cycle), late developing (stages needed to complete maturational competence), spawning, regressing (spawning season termination), and regenerating (fish that are mature but outside of the spawning season). A method to assess the certainty of maturity assignment based on reproductive phase and the age and size range sampled is presented, as are best practices to estimate size and age at maturity. To remove the subjectivity from current methods to estimate spawning seasonality, we present a new quantitative method to identify the core spawning season and peak spawning months.
Conclusion
A species’ ability to adapt to fishing and climate change varies with their reproductive strategy. Improving our understanding of fish reproduction necessitates standardizing methodology and terminology.
{"title":"A unified framework and terminology for reproductive traits integral to understanding fish population productivity","authors":"Susan K. Lowerre-Barbieri, Nancy J. Brown-Peterson, David M. Wyanski, Heather E. Moncrief-Cox, Kevin J. Kolmos, Hayden S. Menendez, Beverly K. Barnett, Claudia Friess","doi":"10.1002/mcf2.10276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mcf2.10276","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This paper highlights the complexity of marine fish spawner–recruit systems and how they vary across species and ecosystems while providing a universal terminology and framework to evaluate fish reproduction. We emphasize the gonadal development important to assess maturity, fecundity, where and when fish spawn, and transition and sex assignment in protogynous species.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We review and compare reproductive traits in warmwater and coldwater fishes. Reproductive phases for both sexes and protogynous species are defined and histological micrographs presented. New methods are developed to assess maturity; spawning seasonality; peak spawning; and, for protogynous species, sex assignment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Result</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Protogyny, extended spawning seasons, and indeterminate fecundity are more common in warmwater than coldwater systems. The following reproductive phases are defined as immature, transitional (sex change), early developing (the first stage of entrainment in the reproductive cycle), late developing (stages needed to complete maturational competence), spawning, regressing (spawning season termination), and regenerating (fish that are mature but outside of the spawning season). A method to assess the certainty of maturity assignment based on reproductive phase and the age and size range sampled is presented, as are best practices to estimate size and age at maturity. To remove the subjectivity from current methods to estimate spawning seasonality, we present a new quantitative method to identify the core spawning season and peak spawning months.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A species’ ability to adapt to fishing and climate change varies with their reproductive strategy. Improving our understanding of fish reproduction necessitates standardizing methodology and terminology.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51257,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Coastal Fisheries","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://afspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mcf2.10276","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138570973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chesapeake Bay water temperatures have increased through time, and under various climate change scenarios they are projected to increase by an additional 2–6°C by the end of the 21st century. Previous work has shown that water temperatures are the primary trigger for Striped Bass Morone saxatilis spawning.
Methods
Using spawning stock survey data (1985–2020) from the Potomac River and upper Chesapeake Bay and temperature data from an ichthyoplankton survey (sampled non-continuously between 1954 and 2021) in the Nanticoke and Choptank rivers, this study examined how water temperature milestones that are important for Striped Bass spawning have changed over time as well as how selectivity-corrected total female catch per unit effort has shifted with changes in water temperature and the age structure of the stock.
Result
Water temperatures observed in the spawning stock survey were lower in the 1980s and 1990s and have been higher since the 2000s. A significant change in timing of the start of spawning was not detected in the spawning stock survey data, but a significant change was found in the timing of the end of spawning, suggesting that the spawning season has shortened. In addition, the date on which the last prespawn female was observed on the spawning grounds has also occurred earlier in the year since the 2000s. Results from the long-term temperature data collected in the Choptank and Nanticoke rivers only showed a significant change through time for the start of spawning in the Nanticoke River.
Conclusion
While these changes could affect egg and larval Striped Bass survival either through either direct mortality due to water temperature or changes in the timing of zooplankton blooms, the effects of climate change could be mitigated by having a broad range of spawning ages to maximize the chances that larval Striped Bass matching with prey availability.
{"title":"Climate effects on the timing of Maryland Striped Bass spawning runs","authors":"Angela Giuliano","doi":"10.1002/mcf2.10274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mcf2.10274","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Chesapeake Bay water temperatures have increased through time, and under various climate change scenarios they are projected to increase by an additional 2–6°C by the end of the 21st century. Previous work has shown that water temperatures are the primary trigger for Striped Bass <i>Morone saxatilis</i> spawning.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using spawning stock survey data (1985–2020) from the Potomac River and upper Chesapeake Bay and temperature data from an ichthyoplankton survey (sampled non-continuously between 1954 and 2021) in the Nanticoke and Choptank rivers, this study examined how water temperature milestones that are important for Striped Bass spawning have changed over time as well as how selectivity-corrected total female catch per unit effort has shifted with changes in water temperature and the age structure of the stock.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Result</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Water temperatures observed in the spawning stock survey were lower in the 1980s and 1990s and have been higher since the 2000s. A significant change in timing of the start of spawning was not detected in the spawning stock survey data, but a significant change was found in the timing of the end of spawning, suggesting that the spawning season has shortened. In addition, the date on which the last prespawn female was observed on the spawning grounds has also occurred earlier in the year since the 2000s. Results from the long-term temperature data collected in the Choptank and Nanticoke rivers only showed a significant change through time for the start of spawning in the Nanticoke River.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>While these changes could affect egg and larval Striped Bass survival either through either direct mortality due to water temperature or changes in the timing of zooplankton blooms, the effects of climate change could be mitigated by having a broad range of spawning ages to maximize the chances that larval Striped Bass matching with prey availability.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51257,"journal":{"name":"Marine and Coastal Fisheries","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://afspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mcf2.10274","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138432114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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