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Intrahemispheric EEG: A New Perspective for Quantitative EEG Assessment in Poststroke Individuals. 脑内脑电图:脑卒中后个体定量脑电图评估的新视角。
IF 3.1 4区 医学 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-09-21 eCollection Date: 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5664647
Rodrigo Brito, Adriana Baltar, Marina Berenguer-Rocha, Lívia Shirahige, Sérgio Rocha, André Fonseca, Daniele Piscitelli, Kátia Monte-Silva

The ratio between slower and faster frequencies of brain activity may change after stroke. However, few studies have used quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) index of ratios between slower and faster frequencies such as the delta/alpha ratio (DAR) and the power ratio index (PRI; delta + theta/alpha + beta) for investigating the difference between the affected and unaffected hemisphere poststroke. Here, we proposed a new perspective for analyzing DAR and PRI within each hemisphere and investigated the motor impairment-related interhemispheric frequency oscillations. Forty-seven poststroke subjects and twelve healthy controls were included in the study. Severity of upper limb motor impairment was classified according to the Fugl-Meyer assessment in mild/moderate (n = 25) and severe (n = 22). The qEEG indexes (PRI and DAR) were computed for each hemisphere (intrahemispheric index) and for both hemispheres (cerebral index). Considering the cerebral index (DAR and PRI), our results showed a slowing in brain activity in poststroke patients when compared to healthy controls. Only the intrahemispheric PRI index was able to find significant interhemispheric differences of frequency oscillations. Despite being unable to detect interhemispheric differences, the DAR index seems to be more sensitive to detect motor impairment-related frequency oscillations. The intrahemispheric PRI index may provide insights into therapeutic approaches for interhemispheric asymmetry after stroke.

中风后,大脑活动的快慢频率之比可能会发生变化。然而,很少有研究使用定量脑电图(qEEG)指数来衡量慢频率和快频率之间的比率,如delta/alpha比(DAR)和功率比指数(PRI);δ + θ / α + β)用于研究卒中后受影响半球和未受影响半球之间的差异。在此,我们提出了一个新的视角来分析每个半球的DAR和PRI,并研究了运动损伤相关的半球间频率振荡。47名中风后受试者和12名健康对照者参与了这项研究。根据Fugl-Meyer评分将上肢运动障碍的严重程度分为轻度/中度(n = 25)和重度(n = 22)。计算每个半球(脑内指数)和两个半球(脑指数)的qEEG指数(PRI和DAR)。考虑到大脑指数(DAR和PRI),我们的研究结果显示,与健康对照组相比,中风后患者的大脑活动减慢。只有半球内PRI指数能够发现显著的半球间频率振荡差异。尽管不能检测到半球间的差异,但DAR指数似乎对检测运动损伤相关的频率振荡更敏感。脑内PRI指数可能为脑卒中后脑间不对称的治疗方法提供见解。
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引用次数: 7
The Frequency and Associated Factors of Asymmetrical Prominent Veins: A Predictor of Unfavorable Outcomes in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke. 不对称突出静脉的频率和相关因素:急性缺血性卒中患者不良预后的预测因子。
IF 3.1 4区 医学 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-09-17 eCollection Date: 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9733926
Yue Wang, Jingjing Xiao, Li Zhao, Shaoshi Wang, Mingming Wang, Yu Luo, Huazheng Liang, Lingjing Jin

Objectives: The present study is aimed at investigating the frequency and associated factors of asymmetrical prominent veins (APV) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS).

Methods: Consecutive patients with AIS admitted to the Comprehensive Stroke Center of Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital between January 2013 and December 2017 were enrolled. MRI including diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI), and susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) was performed within 12 hours of symptom onset. The volume of asymmetrical prominent veins (APV) was evaluated using the Signal Processing In nuclear magnetic resonance software (SPIN, Detroit, Michigan, USA). Multivariate analysis was used to assess relationships between APV findings and medical history, clinical variables as well as cardio-metabolic indices.

Results: Seventy-six patients met the inclusion criteria. The frequency of APV ≥ 10 mL was 46.05% (35/76). Multivariate analyses showed that proximal artery stenosis or occlusion (≥50%) (P < 0.001, adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 660.0, 95%CI = 57.28-7604.88) and history of atrial fibrillation (P < 0.001, adjusted OR = 10.48, 95%CI = 1.78-61.68) were independent factors associated with high APV (≥10 mL).

Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the frequency of APV ≥ 10 mL is high in patients with AIS within 12 hours of symptom onset. History of atrial fibrillation and severe proximal artery stenosis or occlusion are strong predictors of high APV as calculated by SPIN on the SWI map.

目的:探讨急性缺血性脑卒中(AIS)患者不对称突出静脉(APV)的发生频率及其相关因素。方法:纳入2013年1月至2017年12月在上海市第四人民医院脑卒中综合中心连续住院的AIS患者。在症状出现后12小时内进行MRI检查,包括弥散加权成像(DWI)、灌注加权成像(PWI)和敏感性加权成像(SWI)。使用核磁共振软件Signal Processing In (SPIN, Detroit, Michigan, USA)评估不对称突出静脉(APV)的体积。采用多变量分析评估APV结果与病史、临床变量以及心脏代谢指标之间的关系。结果:76例患者符合纳入标准。APV≥10 mL占46.05%(35/76)。多因素分析显示,近端动脉狭窄或闭塞(≥50%)(P < 0.001,校正比值比(or) = 660.0, 95%CI = 57.28 ~ 7604.88)和房颤史(P < 0.001,校正比值比(or) = 10.48, 95%CI = 1.78 ~ 61.68)是高APV(≥10 mL)的独立因素。结论:我们的研究结果表明,在症状出现后12小时内,APV≥10 mL的频率在AIS患者中很高。根据SWI图上的SPIN计算,房颤病史和严重的近端动脉狭窄或闭塞是高APV的有力预测因素。
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引用次数: 2
Regulatory Mechanism for Absence Seizures in Bidirectional Interactive Thalamocortical Model via Different Targeted Therapy Schemes. 不同靶向治疗方案对丘脑皮质双向交互模型中失神癫痫的调控机制。
IF 3.1 4区 医学 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-09-16 eCollection Date: 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1198072
Hudong Zhang, Xiaolong Tan, Yufeng Pan, Yuan Chai

Recent clinical practice has found that the spike-wave discharge (SWD) scopes of absence seizures change from small cortical region to large thalamocortical networks, which has also been proved by theoretical simulation. The best biophysics explanation is that there are interactions between coupled cortico-thalamic and thalamocortical circuits. To agree with experiment results and describe the phenomena better, we constructed a coupled thalamocortical model with bidirectional channel (CTMBC) to account for the causes of absence seizures which are connected by the principle of two-way communication of neural pathways. By adjusting the coupling strength of bidirectional pathways, the spike-wave discharges are reproduced. Regulatory mechanism for absence seizures is further applied to CTMBC via four different targeted therapy schemes, such as deep brain stimulation (DBS), charge-balanced biphasic pulse (CBBP), coordinated reset stimulation (CRS) 1 : 0, and (CRS) 3 : 2. The new CTMBC model shows that neurodiversity in bidirectional interactive channel could supply theory reference for the bidirectional communication mode of thalamocortical networks and the hypothesis validation of pathogenesis.

近年来的临床研究发现,失神发作的峰波放电(SWD)范围由小的皮质区域向大的丘脑皮质网络转变,这也得到了理论模拟的证实。最好的生物物理学解释是,在耦合的皮质-丘脑回路和丘脑皮质回路之间存在相互作用。为了与实验结果相一致,更好地描述这一现象,我们构建了一个带有双向通道的丘脑皮质耦合模型(CTMBC)来解释失神发作的原因,这些原因是通过神经通路的双向交流原理联系起来的。通过调节双向通路的耦合强度,可以再现尖峰波放电。通过深部脑刺激(DBS)、电荷平衡双相脉冲(CBBP)、协调复位刺激(CRS) 1:0和(CRS) 3:2四种不同的靶向治疗方案,将失神癫痫的调控机制进一步应用于CTMBC。新的CTMBC模型表明,双向交互通道中的神经多样性可以为丘脑皮质网络的双向通信模式和发病机制的假设验证提供理论参考。
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引用次数: 0
Growth Hormone (GH) Enhances Endogenous Mechanisms of Neuroprotection and Neuroplasticity after Oxygen and Glucose Deprivation Injury (OGD) and Reoxygenation (OGD/R) in Chicken Hippocampal Cell Cultures. 生长激素(GH)增强鸡海马细胞氧糖剥夺损伤(OGD)和再氧化(OGD/R)后神经保护和神经可塑性的内源性机制
IF 3.1 4区 医学 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-09-16 eCollection Date: 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9990166
Juan David Olivares-Hernández, Jerusa Elienai Balderas-Márquez, Martha Carranza, Maricela Luna, Carlos G Martínez-Moreno, Carlos Arámburo

As a classical growth promoter and metabolic regulator, growth hormone (GH) is involved in development of the central nervous system (CNS). This hormone might also act as a neurotrophin, since GH is able to induce neuroprotection, neurite growth, and synaptogenesis during the repair process that occurs in response to neural injury. After an ischemic insult, the neural tissue activates endogenous neuroprotective mechanisms regulated by local neurotrophins that promote tissue recovery. In this work, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of GH in cultured hippocampal neurons exposed to hypoxia-ischemia injury and further reoxygenation. Hippocampal cell cultures obtained from chick embryos were incubated under oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD, <5% O2, 1 g/L glucose) conditions for 24 h and simultaneously treated with GH. Then, cells were either collected for analysis or submitted to reoxygenation and normal glucose incubation conditions (OGD/R) for another 24 h, in the presence of GH. Results showed that OGD injury significantly reduced cell survival, the number of cells, dendritic length, and number of neurites, whereas OGD/R stage restored most of those adverse effects. Also, OGD/R increased the mRNA expression of several synaptogenic markers (i.e., NRXN1, NRXN3, NLG1, and GAP43), as well as the growth hormone receptor (GHR). The expression of BDNF, IGF-1, and BMP4 mRNAs was augmented in response to OGD injury, and exposure to OGD/R returned it to normoxic control levels, while the expression of NT-3 increased in both conditions. The addition of GH (10 nM) to hippocampal cultures during OGD reduced apoptosis and induced a significant increase in cell survival, number of cells, and doublecortin immunoreactivity (DCX-IR), above that observed in the OGD/R stage. GH treatment also protected dendrites and neurites during OGD, inducing plastic changes reflected in an increase and complexity of their outgrowths during OGD/R. Furthermore, GH increased the expression of NRXN1, NRXN3, NLG1, and GAP43 after OGD injury. GH also increased the BDNF expression after OGD, but reduced it after OGD/R. Conversely, BMP4 was upregulated by GH after OGD/R. Overall, these results indicate that GH protective actions in the neural tissue may be explained by a synergic combination between its own effect and that of other local neurotrophins regulated by autocrine/paracrine mechanisms, which together accelerate the recovery of tissue damaged by hypoxia-ischemia.

生长激素(growth hormone, GH)作为一种经典的生长促进剂和代谢调节剂,参与中枢神经系统(CNS)的发育。这种激素也可能作为一种神经营养因子,因为生长激素能够在神经损伤的修复过程中诱导神经保护、神经突生长和突触发生。缺血损伤后,神经组织激活内源性神经保护机制,由局部神经营养因子调节,促进组织恢复。在这项工作中,我们研究了生长激素对缺氧缺血损伤和进一步再氧化的培养海马神经元的神经保护作用。将鸡胚海马细胞培养物在缺氧-葡萄糖剥夺(OGD, 2,1 g/L葡萄糖)条件下孵育24 h,同时用GH处理。然后,在生长激素存在的情况下,收集细胞进行分析或再氧化和正常葡萄糖孵育条件(OGD/R) 24小时。结果表明,OGD损伤显著降低了细胞存活率、细胞数量、树突长度和神经突数量,而OGD/R期恢复了这些不良反应的大部分。此外,OGD/R增加了几种突触发生标志物(NRXN1、NRXN3、NLG1和GAP43)以及生长激素受体(GHR)的mRNA表达。BDNF、IGF-1和BMP4 mrna的表达在OGD损伤中增加,暴露于OGD/R使其恢复到正常控制水平,而NT-3的表达在两种情况下都增加。在OGD期间,海马培养物中添加生长激素(10 nM)可减少细胞凋亡,并诱导细胞存活率、细胞数量和双皮质素免疫反应性(DCX-IR)显著增加,高于OGD/R阶段。生长激素处理也在OGD期间保护树突和神经突,诱导可塑性变化,反映在OGD/R期间其生长的增加和复杂性。此外,GH增加了OGD损伤后NRXN1、NRXN3、NLG1和GAP43的表达。生长激素也增加了OGD后BDNF的表达,但减少了OGD/R后的表达。相反,OGD/R后,生长激素上调了BMP4。综上所述,这些结果表明生长激素在神经组织中的保护作用可能是其自身作用与其他受自分泌/旁分泌机制调节的局部神经营养物质的协同作用,共同加速缺氧缺血损伤组织的恢复。
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引用次数: 9
Reproduction-Associated Hormones and Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis. 生殖相关激素与成年海马神经发生
IF 3.1 4区 医学 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-09-10 eCollection Date: 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3651735
Lily Wan, Rou-Jie Huang, Zhao-Hui Luo, Jiao-E Gong, Aihua Pan, Jim Manavis, Xiao-Xin Yan, Bo Xiao

The levels of reproduction-associated hormones in females, such as estrogen, progesterone, prolactin, and oxytocin, change dramatically during pregnancy and postpartum. Reproduction-associated hormones can affect adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN), thereby regulating mothers' behavior after delivery. In this review, we first briefly introduce the overall functional significance of AHN and the methods commonly used to explore this front. Then, we attempt to reconcile the changes of reproduction-associated hormones during pregnancy. We further update the findings on how reproduction-related hormones influence adult hippocampal neurogenesis. This review is aimed at emphasizing a potential role of AHN in reproduction-related brain plasticity and its neurobiological relevance to motherhood behavior.

雌激素、孕酮、催乳素和催产素等女性生殖相关激素的水平在孕期和产后会发生显著变化。生殖相关激素可影响成年海马神经发生(AHN),从而调节母亲产后的行为。在这篇综述中,我们首先简要介绍了 AHN 的整体功能意义以及探索这一领域的常用方法。然后,我们试图调和孕期生殖相关激素的变化。我们进一步更新了生殖相关激素如何影响成人海马神经发生的研究结果。本综述旨在强调 AHN 在与生殖相关的大脑可塑性中的潜在作用及其与母亲行为的神经生物学相关性。
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引用次数: 0
Altered Functional Connectivity Strength at Rest in Medication-Free Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. 无药物强迫症患者休息时功能连接强度的改变。
IF 3.1 4区 医学 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-09-08 eCollection Date: 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3741104
Dan Lv, Yangpan Ou, Yuhua Wang, Jidong Ma, Chuang Zhan, Ru Yang, Yunhui Chen, Tinghuizi Shang, Cuicui Jia, Lei Sun, Guangfeng Zhang, Zhenghai Sun, Jinyang Li, Xiaoping Wang, Wenbin Guo, Ping Li

Background: Previous studies explored the whole-brain functional connectome using the degree approach in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, whether the altered degree values can be used to discriminate OCD from healthy controls (HCs) remains unclear.

Methods: A total of 40 medication-free patients with OCD and 38 HCs underwent a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) scan. Data were analyzed with the degree approach and a support vector machine (SVM) classifier.

Results: Patients with OCD showed increased degree values in the left thalamus and left cerebellum Crus I and decreased degree values in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, right precuneus, and left postcentral gyrus. SVM classification analysis indicated that the increased degree value in the left thalamus is a marker of OCD, with an acceptable accuracy of 88.46%, sensitivity of 87.50%, and specificity of 89.47%.

Conclusion: Altered degree values within and outside the cortical-striatal-thalamic-cortical (CSTC) circuit may cocontribute to the pathophysiology of OCD. Increased degree values of the left thalamus can be used as a future marker for OCD understanding-classification.

背景:以往的研究利用度方法对强迫症患者的全脑功能连接体进行了探索。然而,是否改变度值可以用来区分强迫症和健康对照(hc)仍不清楚。方法:对40例未服药的强迫症患者和38例hc患者进行静息状态功能磁共振成像(rs-fMRI)扫描。采用度法和支持向量机分类器对数据进行分析。结果:强迫症患者左侧丘脑和左侧小脑一号脚度值升高,左侧背外侧前额叶皮层、右侧楔前叶和左侧中央后回度值降低。支持向量机分类分析表明,左侧丘脑度升高值为强迫症的标志,可接受准确率为88.46%,敏感性为87.50%,特异性为89.47%。结论:皮层-纹状体-丘脑-皮层(CSTC)回路内外度值的改变可能参与了强迫症的病理生理。左丘脑度值升高可作为未来强迫症理解分类的标志。
{"title":"Altered Functional Connectivity Strength at Rest in Medication-Free Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.","authors":"Dan Lv,&nbsp;Yangpan Ou,&nbsp;Yuhua Wang,&nbsp;Jidong Ma,&nbsp;Chuang Zhan,&nbsp;Ru Yang,&nbsp;Yunhui Chen,&nbsp;Tinghuizi Shang,&nbsp;Cuicui Jia,&nbsp;Lei Sun,&nbsp;Guangfeng Zhang,&nbsp;Zhenghai Sun,&nbsp;Jinyang Li,&nbsp;Xiaoping Wang,&nbsp;Wenbin Guo,&nbsp;Ping Li","doi":"10.1155/2021/3741104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/3741104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous studies explored the whole-brain functional connectome using the degree approach in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, whether the altered degree values can be used to discriminate OCD from healthy controls (HCs) remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 40 medication-free patients with OCD and 38 HCs underwent a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) scan. Data were analyzed with the degree approach and a support vector machine (SVM) classifier.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with OCD showed increased degree values in the left thalamus and left cerebellum Crus I and decreased degree values in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, right precuneus, and left postcentral gyrus. SVM classification analysis indicated that the increased degree value in the left thalamus is a marker of OCD, with an acceptable accuracy of 88.46%, sensitivity of 87.50%, and specificity of 89.47%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Altered degree values within and outside the cortical-striatal-thalamic-cortical (CSTC) circuit may cocontribute to the pathophysiology of OCD. Increased degree values of the left thalamus can be used as a future marker for OCD understanding-classification.</p>","PeriodicalId":51299,"journal":{"name":"Neural Plasticity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2021-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8443365/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39430027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Lycopene-Loaded Microemulsion Regulates Neurogenesis in Rats with Aβ-Induced Alzheimer's Disease Rats Based on the Wnt/β-catenin Pathway. 番茄红素微乳基于Wnt/β-catenin通路调控a β诱导的阿尔茨海默病大鼠神经发生。
IF 3.1 4区 医学 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-09-06 eCollection Date: 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5519330
Wen-Jing Ning, Ren-Jun Lv, Ning Xu, Xun-Yao Hou, Chao Shen, Yun-Liang Guo, Zhong-Yu Fan, Na Cao, Xue-Ping Liu

Objective: To investigate the effects of lycopene-loaded microemulsion (LME) on the cognitive function and neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus and subventricular (SVZ) region of rats with amyloid β- (Aβ-) induced Alzheimer's disease (AD) and its mechanism based on the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

Methods: Healthy Wistar rats were divided into four groups: the blank control (CON), AD control, traditional lycopene (LOO), and LME groups. The CON and AD groups were fed with normal saline, while the LOO group was fed with traditional lycopene, and the LME group was fed with lycopene-loaded microemulsion. Behavioral tests were performed after three weeks of gastric administration. Immunofluorescence-labeled cells were used to observe the differentiation and maturation of new nerve cells in the DG of the hippocampus and SVZ region. qRT-PCR and Western blotting detected the expression of neurogenesis genes and Wnt/β-catenin pathway-related proteins, respectively.

Results: On the Morris water maze test, LME rats had significantly shortened movement trajectory on the searching platform, reduced escape latency time, and increased residence time on the original platform quadrant. In addition, more LME rats crossed the platform when it was removed. Thus, LME can improve the spatial learning and memory of Aβ-induced AD rats. On qRT-PCR, LME significantly increased Reelin, Nestin, and Pax6 gene expressions, which regulate neurogenesis. Immunofluorescence showed that LME could significantly increase BrdU+, Dcx+, BrdU+/Neun+, BrdU+/Dcx+ cells in the DG and SVZ regions, thus promoting neurogenesis. LME also reduced the number of Iba1+ and Iba1+/BrdU+ cells, thus reducing the neuroinflammatory response. On Western blot, LME upregulated the Wnt/β-catenin pathway by upregulating Wnt3a, β-catenin, Disheveled (Dvl), and p-GSK3β and downregulating p-β-catenin and GSK3β.

Conclusion: LME attenuates cognitive impairment in Aβ-induced AD rats by promoting neurogenesis in the hippocampus and SVZ region through upregulating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

目的:探讨番茄红素微乳(LME)对β淀粉样蛋白(Aβ-)诱导的阿尔茨海默病(AD)大鼠海马齿状回(DG)和脑室下(SVZ)区认知功能和神经发生的影响及其基于Wnt/β-catenin通路的机制。方法:将健康Wistar大鼠分为空白对照组(CON)、AD对照组(AD control)、传统番茄红素组(LOO)和LME组。CON组和AD组饲喂生理盐水,LOO组饲喂传统番茄红素,LME组饲喂番茄红素微乳。给胃三周后进行行为测试。采用免疫荧光标记细胞观察海马DG和SVZ区新生神经细胞的分化和成熟情况。qRT-PCR和Western blotting分别检测神经发生基因和Wnt/β-catenin通路相关蛋白的表达。结果:在Morris水迷宫实验中,LME大鼠在搜索平台上的运动轨迹明显缩短,逃避潜伏期明显缩短,在原平台象限的停留时间明显增加。此外,当平台被移除时,更多的LME大鼠穿过平台。由此可见,LME可以改善a β诱导的AD大鼠的空间学习记忆。qRT-PCR结果显示,LME显著增加了调节神经发生的Reelin、Nestin和Pax6基因的表达。免疫荧光显示LME能显著增加DG和SVZ区BrdU+、Dcx+、BrdU+/Neun+、BrdU+/Dcx+细胞,促进神经发生。LME还减少了Iba1+和Iba1+/BrdU+细胞的数量,从而降低了神经炎症反应。Western blot结果显示,LME通过上调Wnt3a、β-catenin、Disheveled (Dvl)和p-GSK3β,下调p-β-catenin和GSK3β,上调Wnt/β-catenin通路。结论:LME通过上调Wnt/β-catenin通路,促进海马和SVZ区神经发生,减轻a β诱导的AD大鼠认知功能障碍。
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引用次数: 10
Increased Homotopic Connectivity in the Prefrontal Cortex Modulated by Olanzapine Predicts Therapeutic Efficacy in Patients with Schizophrenia. 奥氮平调节的前额皮质同位连通性增加预测精神分裂症患者的治疗效果。
IF 3.1 4区 医学 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-09-01 eCollection Date: 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9954547
Xiaoxiao Shan, Rongyuan Liao, Yangpan Ou, Yudan Ding, Feng Liu, Jindong Chen, Jingping Zhao, Yiqun He, Wenbin Guo

Background: Previous studies have revealed the abnormalities in homotopic connectivity in schizophrenia. However, the relationship of these deficits to antipsychotic treatment in schizophrenia remains unclear. This study explored the effects of antipsychotic therapy on brain homotopic connectivity and whether the homotopic connectivity of these regions might predict individual treatment response in schizophrenic patients.

Methods: A total of 21 schizophrenic patients and 20 healthy controls were scanned by the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. The patients received olanzapine treatment and were scanned at two time points. Voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) and pattern classification techniques were applied to analyze the imaging data.

Results: Schizophrenic patients presented significantly decreased VMHC in the temporal and inferior frontal gyri, medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC), and motor and low-level sensory processing regions (including the fusiform gyrus and cerebellum lobule VI) relative to healthy controls. The VMHC in the superior/middle MPFC was significantly increased in the patients after eight weeks of treatment. Support vector regression (SVR) analyses revealed that VMHC in the superior/middle MPFC at baseline can predict the symptomatic improvement of the positive and negative syndrome scale after eight weeks of treatment.

Conclusions: This study demonstrated that olanzapine treatment may normalize decreased homotopic connectivity in the superior/middle MPFC in schizophrenic patients. The VMHC in the superior/middle MPFC may predict individual response for antipsychotic therapy. The findings of this study conduce to the comprehension of the therapy effects of antipsychotic medications on homotopic connectivity in schizophrenia.

背景:以往的研究已经揭示了精神分裂症患者同位连通性的异常。然而,这些缺陷与精神分裂症抗精神病药物治疗的关系尚不清楚。本研究探讨了抗精神病药物治疗对大脑同位连通性的影响,以及这些区域的同位连通性是否可以预测精神分裂症患者的个体治疗反应。方法:采用静息状态功能磁共振成像对21例精神分裂症患者和20例正常人进行扫描。患者接受奥氮平治疗,并在两个时间点进行扫描。采用体素镜像同伦连通性(VMHC)和模式分类技术对成像数据进行分析。结果:与健康对照相比,精神分裂症患者颞叶和额下回、内侧前额叶皮层(MPFC)、运动和低水平感觉加工区(包括梭状回和小脑六小叶)的VMHC显著降低。治疗8周后,患者上/中MPFC的VMHC显著增加。支持向量回归(SVR)分析显示,基线时MPFC中上位的VMHC可以预测治疗8周后阳性和阴性综合征量表的症状改善。结论:本研究表明,奥氮平治疗可能使精神分裂症患者中上MPFC同位连通性下降的现象正常化。中高级MPFC的VMHC可以预测抗精神病治疗的个体反应。本研究结果有助于理解抗精神病药物对精神分裂症同位连通性的治疗作用。
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引用次数: 4
Microglial Activation of GLP-1R Signaling in Neuropathic Pain Promotes Gene Expression Adaption Involved in Inflammatory Responses. 神经性疼痛中GLP-1R信号的小胶质细胞激活促进参与炎症反应的基因表达适应。
IF 3.1 4区 医学 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-08-31 eCollection Date: 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9923537
Le Ma, Peijun Ju, Wei Wang, Jinbao Wei, Weidi Wang, Mengjing Zhao, Khalil Ali Ahmad, Yongxiang Wang, Jinghong Chen

Background: Neuropathic pain is a common chronic pain, which is related to hypersensitivity to stimulus and greatly affects the quality of life of patients. Maladaptive gene changes and molecular signaling underlie the sensitization of nociceptive pathways. We previously found that the activation of microglial glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) could potently relieve formalin-, bone cancer-, peripheral nerve injury-, and diabetes-induced pain hypersensitivity. So far, little is known about how the gene profile changes upon the activation of GLP-1R signaling in the pathophysiology of neuropathic pain.

Methods: Spinal nerve ligation (SNL) was performed to induce neuropathic pain in rats. Mechanical allodynia was assessed using von Frey filaments. The expression of IL-10, β-endorphin, and μ-opioid receptor (MOR) was examined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and whole-cell recording. Measurements of cellular excitability of the substantia gelatinosa (SG) neurons by whole-cell recording were carried out. R packages of differential gene expression analysis based on the negative binomial distribution (DESeq2) and weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) were used to analyze differential gene expression and the correlated modules among GLP-1R clusters in neuropathic pain.

Results: The GLP-1R agonist, exenatide, has an antiallodynic effect on neuropathic pain, which could be reversed by intrathecal injections of the microglial inhibitor minocycline. Furthermore, differential gene expression analysis (WGCNA) indicated that intrathecal injections of exenatide could reverse the abnormal expression of 591 genes in the spinal dorsal horn induced by nerve injury. WGCNA revealed 58 modules with a close relationship between the microglial GLP-1R pathway and features of nerve injuries, including pain, ligation, paw withdrawal latency (PWL), and anxiety. The brown module was identified as the highest correlated module, and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis indicated that inflammatory responses were most correlated with PWL. To further unravel the changes of hyperalgesia-related neuronal electrophysiological activity mediated by microglia GLP-1 receptors, whole-cell recording identified that MOR agonism stimulated a robust outward current in the sham groups compared with the spinal nerve ligation (SNL) groups. This inhibitory effect on the SNL group was more sensitive than that of the sham group after bath application of β-endorphin.

Conclusions: Our results further confirmed that the GLP-1R pathway is involved in alleviating pain hypersensitivity mediated by spinal microglia activation, and inflammatory responses were the most correlated pathway associated with PWL changes in response to exenatide treatment. We found that the identification of gene regulation in response to GLP-1R activation is

背景:神经性疼痛是一种常见的慢性疼痛,与刺激过敏有关,严重影响患者的生活质量。不适应的基因变化和分子信号是伤害性通路致敏的基础。我们之前发现,激活小胶质胰高血糖素样肽1受体(GLP-1R)可以有效缓解福尔马林-,骨癌-,周围神经损伤-和糖尿病诱导的疼痛超敏反应。迄今为止,对于GLP-1R信号在神经性疼痛病理生理中的激活过程中基因谱的变化知之甚少。方法:采用脊髓神经结扎法诱导大鼠神经性疼痛。采用von Frey纤维评估机械异常性痛。采用实时定量聚合酶链反应(qPCR)和全细胞记录检测IL-10、β-内啡肽和μ-阿片受体(MOR)的表达。采用全细胞记录法测量明胶质(SG)神经元的细胞兴奋性。采用基于负二项分布的差异基因表达分析R包(DESeq2)和加权相关网络分析(WGCNA)分析GLP-1R簇在神经性疼痛中的差异基因表达及相关模块。结果:GLP-1R激动剂艾塞那肽对神经性疼痛具有抗异动作用,可通过鞘内注射小胶质细胞抑制剂米诺环素逆转。此外,差异基因表达分析(WGCNA)显示鞘内注射艾塞那肽可逆转神经损伤所致脊髓背角591个基因的异常表达。WGCNA揭示了58个小胶质GLP-1R通路与神经损伤特征(包括疼痛、结扎、爪退缩潜伏期(PWL)和焦虑)密切相关的模块。棕色模块被确定为相关性最高的模块,京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)分析表明炎症反应与PWL相关性最高。为了进一步揭示小胶质细胞GLP-1受体介导的痛觉过敏相关神经元电生理活动的变化,全细胞记录发现,与脊神经结扎(SNL)组相比,假手术组的MOR激动作用刺激了强大的外向电流。β-内啡肽对SNL组的抑制作用较sham组更为敏感。结论:我们的研究结果进一步证实了GLP-1R通路参与缓解由脊髓小胶质细胞激活介导的疼痛超敏反应,炎症反应是与艾塞那肽治疗后PWL变化最相关的通路。我们发现识别GLP-1R激活的基因调控是确定神经性疼痛新治疗靶点的有效策略。研究脊髓小胶质细胞GLP-1R的激活可能通过基因表达和结构改变改善炎症反应,为疼痛管理提供了潜在的生物标志物。
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引用次数: 7
sLOX-1: A Molecule for Evaluating the Prognosis of Recurrent Ischemic Stroke. sLOX-1:评估复发性缺血性脑卒中预后的分子。
IF 3.1 4区 医学 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-08-28 eCollection Date: 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6718184
Yangmin Zheng, Yuyou Huang, Lingzhi Li, Pingping Wang, Rongliang Wang, Zhen Tao, Junfen Fan, Ziping Han, Fangfang Li, Haiping Zhao, Fangfang Zhao, Feng Yan, Yumei Liu, Yumin Luo

Several clinical parameters and biomarkers have been proposed as prognostic markers for stroke. However, it has not been clarified whether the risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients with recurrent and first-ever stroke are similar. In this study, we aimed to explore the relationship between soluble lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor 1 (sLOX-1) levels and the prediction of the functional outcome in patients with recurrent and first-ever stroke. A total of 266 patients with recurrent and first-ever stroke, who underwent follow-up for 3 months, were included in this study. Plasma samples were collected within 24 h after onset. The results showed that biomarkers for the prognosis of patients with recurrent stroke were different from that of those with first-ever stroke. sLOX-1 levels were correlated with modified Rankin Scale scores of patients with recurrent stroke alone (r = 0.3232, p = 0.001). sLOX-1 levels were also associated with an increased risk of unfavorable outcomes in patients with recurrent stroke with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.489 (95% confidence interval, 1.204-1.842, p < 0.0001). Combining the risk factors showed greater accuracy for prognosis, yielding a sensitivity of 93.2% and a specificity of 75%, with an area under the curve of 0.916, evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic curve. These findings suggest that the diagnosis and prognosis are different between patients with recurrent stroke and those with first-ever stroke, and sLOX-1 level is an independent prognostic marker in patients with recurrent stroke.

一些临床参数和生物标志物已被提出作为中风的预后标志物。然而,影响复发性卒中患者和首次卒中患者预后的危险因素是否相似尚不清楚。在这项研究中,我们旨在探讨可溶性凝集素样氧化低密度脂蛋白受体1 (sLOX-1)水平与复发和首次卒中患者功能结局的预测之间的关系。本研究共纳入266例复发性和首次卒中患者,随访3个月。发病后24 h内采集血浆样本。结果表明,复发性卒中患者的预后生物标志物与首次卒中患者的预后不同。单纯卒中复发患者的sLOX-1水平与改良Rankin量表评分相关(r = 0.3232, p = 0.001)。sLOX-1水平也与卒中复发患者不良结局风险增加相关,校正优势比为1.489(95%可信区间1.204-1.842,p < 0.0001)。综合危险因素判断预后的准确性更高,敏感性为93.2%,特异性为75%,曲线下面积为0.916,由受试者工作特征曲线评价。上述结果提示,复发性卒中患者与首次卒中患者的诊断和预后存在差异,而sLOX-1水平是复发性卒中患者的独立预后指标。
{"title":"sLOX-1: A Molecule for Evaluating the Prognosis of Recurrent Ischemic Stroke.","authors":"Yangmin Zheng,&nbsp;Yuyou Huang,&nbsp;Lingzhi Li,&nbsp;Pingping Wang,&nbsp;Rongliang Wang,&nbsp;Zhen Tao,&nbsp;Junfen Fan,&nbsp;Ziping Han,&nbsp;Fangfang Li,&nbsp;Haiping Zhao,&nbsp;Fangfang Zhao,&nbsp;Feng Yan,&nbsp;Yumei Liu,&nbsp;Yumin Luo","doi":"10.1155/2021/6718184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6718184","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several clinical parameters and biomarkers have been proposed as prognostic markers for stroke. However, it has not been clarified whether the risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients with recurrent and first-ever stroke are similar. In this study, we aimed to explore the relationship between soluble lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor 1 (sLOX-1) levels and the prediction of the functional outcome in patients with recurrent and first-ever stroke. A total of 266 patients with recurrent and first-ever stroke, who underwent follow-up for 3 months, were included in this study. Plasma samples were collected within 24 h after onset. The results showed that biomarkers for the prognosis of patients with recurrent stroke were different from that of those with first-ever stroke. sLOX-1 levels were correlated with modified Rankin Scale scores of patients with recurrent stroke alone (<i>r</i> = 0.3232, <i>p</i> = 0.001). sLOX-1 levels were also associated with an increased risk of unfavorable outcomes in patients with recurrent stroke with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.489 (95% confidence interval, 1.204-1.842, <i>p</i> < 0.0001). Combining the risk factors showed greater accuracy for prognosis, yielding a sensitivity of 93.2% and a specificity of 75%, with an area under the curve of 0.916, evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic curve. These findings suggest that the diagnosis and prognosis are different between patients with recurrent stroke and those with first-ever stroke, and sLOX-1 level is an independent prognostic marker in patients with recurrent stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":51299,"journal":{"name":"Neural Plasticity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2021-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8419492/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39396774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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Neural Plasticity
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