Pub Date : 2025-09-01Epub Date: 2025-08-17DOI: 10.1177/00221465251362996
Jennifer Karas Montez, Shannon M Monnat, Emily E Wiemers, Douglas A Wolf, Xue Zhang
{"title":"Policy Brief.","authors":"Jennifer Karas Montez, Shannon M Monnat, Emily E Wiemers, Douglas A Wolf, Xue Zhang","doi":"10.1177/00221465251362996","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00221465251362996","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"277"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144862679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01Epub Date: 2024-12-06DOI: 10.1177/00221465241306670
{"title":"Corrigendum to \"No Socioeconomic Inequalities in Mortality among Catholic Monks: A Quasi-Experiment Providing Evidence for the Fundamental Cause Theory\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/00221465241306670","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00221465241306670","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"428"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12605276/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142787577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01Epub Date: 2024-11-14DOI: 10.1177/00221465241291845
Grzegorz Bulczak, Alexi Gugushvili, Jonathan Koltai
College education features prominently in research on determinants of deaths from substance use disorders and self-harm-outcomes collectively referred to as "deaths of despair" (DoD). Limited attention has been given to whether the protective effects of college education on indicators of despair vary by individuals' likelihood of college completion. We use data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health for 6,145 individuals to test whether the protective effects of college completion on precursors to DoD vary according to individuals' propensity to attain a college degree. Understanding whether the benefits of college education differ depending on the propensity to complete it is important for designing effective educational policies. Using the heterogeneous treatment effects approach, we find that individuals with a relatively low propensity for graduating from college but who complete it have a lower likelihood of depressive symptoms, binge drinking, prescription drug abuse, and hard drug use.
在有关药物使用失调和自残导致死亡的决定因素的研究中，大学教育占据了重要位置，这些结果统称为 "绝望死亡"（DoD）。对于大学教育对绝望指标的保护作用是否会因个人完成大学学业的可能性而有所不同，人们的关注还很有限。我们利用全国青少年到成人健康纵向研究（National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health）中 6,145 人的数据，检验了大学毕业对绝望死亡前兆的保护作用是否会因个人获得大学学位的倾向而有所不同。了解大学教育的益处是否会因完成大学教育的倾向而有所不同，对于设计有效的教育政策非常重要。利用异质性治疗效果方法，我们发现大学毕业倾向相对较低但完成大学学业的人出现抑郁症状、酗酒、滥用处方药和使用硬性毒品的可能性较低。
{"title":"The Heterogeneous Effects of College Education on Outcomes Related to Deaths of Despair.","authors":"Grzegorz Bulczak, Alexi Gugushvili, Jonathan Koltai","doi":"10.1177/00221465241291845","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00221465241291845","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>College education features prominently in research on determinants of deaths from substance use disorders and self-harm-outcomes collectively referred to as \"deaths of despair\" (DoD). Limited attention has been given to whether the protective effects of college education on indicators of despair vary by individuals' likelihood of college completion. We use data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health for 6,145 individuals to test whether the protective effects of college completion on precursors to DoD vary according to individuals' propensity to attain a college degree. Understanding whether the benefits of college education differ depending on the propensity to complete it is important for designing effective educational policies. Using the heterogeneous treatment effects approach, we find that individuals with a relatively low propensity for graduating from college but who complete it have a lower likelihood of depressive symptoms, binge drinking, prescription drug abuse, and hard drug use.</p>","PeriodicalId":51349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"357-378"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12394775/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142632361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01Epub Date: 2024-11-14DOI: 10.1177/00221465241293191
Kenneth F Ferraro, Madison R Sauerteig-Rolston, Shawn Bauldry, Patricia A Thomas
Although research has identified how stressors are related to either physical or cognitive function in later life, we bridge these literatures by examining dual functionality (neither physical nor cognitive impairment) among Black, White, and Hispanic adults. Using data from the Health and Retirement Study (2006-2016), we investigated whether stressors and resources during childhood and adulthood are related to functional loss at baseline and longitudinally. Analyses revealed that lifetime trauma was associated with dual functionality impairment at baseline, but childhood stressors and everyday discrimination were prospectively associated with loss of dual functionality. Black and foreign-born Hispanic adults experienced earlier loss of dual functionality than White adults, and the effect of childhood stressors on the transition to impairment occurred earlier for U.S.-born Hispanic adults. Findings reveal the influence of exposures in childhood and adulthood on functional health in later life-and how resources may be a counterbalance to functional loss.
{"title":"Disparities in the Life Course Origins of Dual Functionality.","authors":"Kenneth F Ferraro, Madison R Sauerteig-Rolston, Shawn Bauldry, Patricia A Thomas","doi":"10.1177/00221465241293191","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00221465241293191","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although research has identified how stressors are related to either physical or cognitive function in later life, we bridge these literatures by examining dual functionality (neither physical nor cognitive impairment) among Black, White, and Hispanic adults. Using data from the Health and Retirement Study (2006-2016), we investigated whether stressors and resources during childhood and adulthood are related to functional loss at baseline and longitudinally. Analyses revealed that lifetime trauma was associated with dual functionality impairment at baseline, but childhood stressors and everyday discrimination were prospectively associated with loss of dual functionality. Black and foreign-born Hispanic adults experienced earlier loss of dual functionality than White adults, and the effect of childhood stressors on the transition to impairment occurred earlier for U.S.-born Hispanic adults. Findings reveal the influence of exposures in childhood and adulthood on functional health in later life-and how resources may be a counterbalance to functional loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":51349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"393-409"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12075625/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142632359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-23DOI: 10.1177/00221465251356611
Siyun Peng, Brea Perry
A gap in the literature on social determinants of cognitive aging is the lack of focus on the interplay of cognitively stimulating environments across the life course. This study uses a life course perspective to propose and examine potential interaction and mediation effects between early and later life stimulating environments. Using rich cognitive assessments and egocentric network data from the state-representative Person to Person Health Interview Study (N = 685) conducted in Indiana, we find that associations between social bridging network (later life stimulating environments) and cognitive outcomes are strongest for people with less than a high school education (early life stimulating environments), constituting a moderating compensatory leveling effect rather than an added protection effect. Regarding mediation, we find no evidence of a cumulative (dis)advantage effect in the context of cognitive aging. Overall, this study presents a useful theoretical framework to study the interplay of cognitively stimulating environments across the life course.
{"title":"A Life Course Perspective on Cognitive Aging: The Interplay between Early and Later Life Stimulating Environments","authors":"Siyun Peng, Brea Perry","doi":"10.1177/00221465251356611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00221465251356611","url":null,"abstract":"A gap in the literature on social determinants of cognitive aging is the lack of focus on the interplay of cognitively stimulating environments across the life course. This study uses a life course perspective to propose and examine potential interaction and mediation effects between early and later life stimulating environments. Using rich cognitive assessments and egocentric network data from the state-representative Person to Person Health Interview Study (N = 685) conducted in Indiana, we find that associations between social bridging network (later life stimulating environments) and cognitive outcomes are strongest for people with less than a high school education (early life stimulating environments), constituting a moderating compensatory leveling effect rather than an added protection effect. Regarding mediation, we find no evidence of a cumulative (dis)advantage effect in the context of cognitive aging. Overall, this study presents a useful theoretical framework to study the interplay of cognitively stimulating environments across the life course.","PeriodicalId":51349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144899923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-23DOI: 10.1177/00221465251357845
Marvin Reuter
Higher education can expose young people to various health challenges, yet potential disparities in health across academic disciplines remain underexplored. This study analyzes panel data on self-rated health of 14,022 German university students across nine subject groups employing both random- and fixed-effects regression models to examine selection and potential causal mechanisms. The results show that students of medicine and health sciences reported consistently good health throughout their studies. By contrast, law students exhibited the highest initial health scores but experienced the steepest decline over time. Students in arts and humanities started with the lowest health scores, but no significant change was observed during their studies. Although initial health inequalities suggest selection effects, the observed within-change heterogeneity raises the possibility that academic majors influence student health trajectories. Field specialization could represent an important dimension of health inequality in higher education, potentially extending into later life stages.
{"title":"Does Your Subject Make You Sick? How Academic Majors Shape Students’ Self-Rated Health","authors":"Marvin Reuter","doi":"10.1177/00221465251357845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00221465251357845","url":null,"abstract":"Higher education can expose young people to various health challenges, yet potential disparities in health across academic disciplines remain underexplored. This study analyzes panel data on self-rated health of 14,022 German university students across nine subject groups employing both random- and fixed-effects regression models to examine selection and potential causal mechanisms. The results show that students of medicine and health sciences reported consistently good health throughout their studies. By contrast, law students exhibited the highest initial health scores but experienced the steepest decline over time. Students in arts and humanities started with the lowest health scores, but no significant change was observed during their studies. Although initial health inequalities suggest selection effects, the observed within-change heterogeneity raises the possibility that academic majors influence student health trajectories. Field specialization could represent an important dimension of health inequality in higher education, potentially extending into later life stages.","PeriodicalId":51349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144899872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-03DOI: 10.1177/00221465251353534
Hope Xu Yan
Despite awareness of racial-ethnic health inequalities in the United States, research on racial-ethnic differences in mothers' mental health remains scarce. Using data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study: 2010-2011 Kindergarten (N = 8,495), this study employs the stress process model to explore racial-ethnic differences in mothers' parenting stress and its associations with depression. To capture the multidimensionality of mothers' parenting stress, I conduct latent profile analysis to identify five types of parenting stress. Mothers' distributions across different types of parenting stress vary by race-ethnicity even when their overall parenting stress levels are similar. The relationships between each type of parenting stress and depression also differ by race-ethnicity. The findings underscore the need to consider different dimensions and types of parenting stress mothers face when studying racial-ethnic disparities in the mental health consequences of motherhood and exploring social inequalities in the relationship between stress and depression.
{"title":"Racial-Ethnic Differences in Mothers' Parenting Stress and Its Associations with Depression.","authors":"Hope Xu Yan","doi":"10.1177/00221465251353534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00221465251353534","url":null,"abstract":"Despite awareness of racial-ethnic health inequalities in the United States, research on racial-ethnic differences in mothers' mental health remains scarce. Using data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study: 2010-2011 Kindergarten (N = 8,495), this study employs the stress process model to explore racial-ethnic differences in mothers' parenting stress and its associations with depression. To capture the multidimensionality of mothers' parenting stress, I conduct latent profile analysis to identify five types of parenting stress. Mothers' distributions across different types of parenting stress vary by race-ethnicity even when their overall parenting stress levels are similar. The relationships between each type of parenting stress and depression also differ by race-ethnicity. The findings underscore the need to consider different dimensions and types of parenting stress mothers face when studying racial-ethnic disparities in the mental health consequences of motherhood and exploring social inequalities in the relationship between stress and depression.","PeriodicalId":51349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior","volume":"724 1","pages":"221465251353534"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144766011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-03DOI: 10.1177/00221465251353536
Xuewen Yan,Robert Crosnoe
Although raising children with serious conditions is known to be associated with poorer parental well-being, recent research following a life course perspective highlights how these associations accumulate over time. Expanding this perspective on long-term dynamics of this parental experience, this study examined how three conceptualizations of the "intensity" of this parental role-caregiving duration, cumulative transitions into this role, and the number of affected children-shaped maternal physical health in midlife. Fixed-effects modeling of panel data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (n = 8,305) revealed that all three dimensions significantly predicted poorer maternal physical health, with particular salience for cumulative transitions and the number of affected children. These associations were generally weaker when mothers had higher income or greater labor force participation, although such buffering effects applied more consistently to labor force participation and specifically to repeated transitions and mothers of two (vs. one) affected children.
{"title":"Life Course Dynamics in the Health of Mothers Raising Children with Serious Conditions.","authors":"Xuewen Yan,Robert Crosnoe","doi":"10.1177/00221465251353536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00221465251353536","url":null,"abstract":"Although raising children with serious conditions is known to be associated with poorer parental well-being, recent research following a life course perspective highlights how these associations accumulate over time. Expanding this perspective on long-term dynamics of this parental experience, this study examined how three conceptualizations of the \"intensity\" of this parental role-caregiving duration, cumulative transitions into this role, and the number of affected children-shaped maternal physical health in midlife. Fixed-effects modeling of panel data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (n = 8,305) revealed that all three dimensions significantly predicted poorer maternal physical health, with particular salience for cumulative transitions and the number of affected children. These associations were generally weaker when mothers had higher income or greater labor force participation, although such buffering effects applied more consistently to labor force participation and specifically to repeated transitions and mothers of two (vs. one) affected children.","PeriodicalId":51349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior","volume":"10 1","pages":"221465251353536"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144766012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-03DOI: 10.1177/00221465251355487
Hyunmin Yu,Matthew D McHugh,Stephen Bonett,Daniela Golinelli,Tari Hanneman,José A Bauermeister
The Healthcare Equality Index (HEI) evaluates compliance with LGBTQ+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer or questioning, and other sexual and gender diverse individuals) inclusion in U.S. health care facilities and is associated with greater patient satisfaction. We examined how hospitals' metropolitan location and state-level LGBTQ+ health care policies are associated with voluntary HEI participation and performance. This cross-sectional study analyzed 6,120 U.S. hospitals from the 2022 American Hospital Association Annual Survey. Multilevel logistic regression assessed the relationship and varying impact of metropolitan status and state policies on HEI participation and HEI Leader status (highest performance). State policies had a stronger positive association with nonmetropolitan hospitals. Each additional policy increased HEI participation odds by 58% for nonmetropolitan hospitals (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.58; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.19, 2.10) and 21% for metropolitan hospitals (aOR = 1.21; 95% CI = 1.02, 1.43). No significant associations with HEI Leader status were observed. Strengthening LGBTQ+ inclusive state policies may encourage hospitals, particularly in nonmetropolitan areas, to adopt LGBTQ+ inclusion initiatives.
{"title":"Multilevel Examination of Hospital Participation in the Healthcare Equality Index (HEI): The Role of Geographic Location and State Health Care Policies.","authors":"Hyunmin Yu,Matthew D McHugh,Stephen Bonett,Daniela Golinelli,Tari Hanneman,José A Bauermeister","doi":"10.1177/00221465251355487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00221465251355487","url":null,"abstract":"The Healthcare Equality Index (HEI) evaluates compliance with LGBTQ+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer or questioning, and other sexual and gender diverse individuals) inclusion in U.S. health care facilities and is associated with greater patient satisfaction. We examined how hospitals' metropolitan location and state-level LGBTQ+ health care policies are associated with voluntary HEI participation and performance. This cross-sectional study analyzed 6,120 U.S. hospitals from the 2022 American Hospital Association Annual Survey. Multilevel logistic regression assessed the relationship and varying impact of metropolitan status and state policies on HEI participation and HEI Leader status (highest performance). State policies had a stronger positive association with nonmetropolitan hospitals. Each additional policy increased HEI participation odds by 58% for nonmetropolitan hospitals (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.58; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.19, 2.10) and 21% for metropolitan hospitals (aOR = 1.21; 95% CI = 1.02, 1.43). No significant associations with HEI Leader status were observed. Strengthening LGBTQ+ inclusive state policies may encourage hospitals, particularly in nonmetropolitan areas, to adopt LGBTQ+ inclusion initiatives.","PeriodicalId":51349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior","volume":"30 1","pages":"221465251355487"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144769829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-24DOI: 10.1177/00221465251353533
Signe Svallfors
Armed conflict has been linked to fertility changes globally, but little is known about how reproductive autonomy is affected. Unwanted fertility is likely to occur during conflicts due to escalations of sexual violence and restricted access to contraception and abortion, especially among marginalized groups. Drawing on an intersectional lens of reproductive justice, this study investigates the relationship between women's exposure to local conflict violence and experiences of unwanted births in Colombia. The study is based on a nationally representative sample of 16,476 children born between 1999 and 2015, from the Demographic and Health Surveys, linked to spatiotemporal conflict data from the Uppsala Conflict Data Program. Results from fixed effects regressions show that exposure to conflict is indeed associated with a higher probability of experiencing unwanted births, especially among socioeconomically disadvantaged people. The study also evaluates how patterns vary by the frequency, intensity, duration, geographical scope, and type of conflict.
{"title":"Armed Conflict and Unwanted Births in Colombia.","authors":"Signe Svallfors","doi":"10.1177/00221465251353533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00221465251353533","url":null,"abstract":"Armed conflict has been linked to fertility changes globally, but little is known about how reproductive autonomy is affected. Unwanted fertility is likely to occur during conflicts due to escalations of sexual violence and restricted access to contraception and abortion, especially among marginalized groups. Drawing on an intersectional lens of reproductive justice, this study investigates the relationship between women's exposure to local conflict violence and experiences of unwanted births in Colombia. The study is based on a nationally representative sample of 16,476 children born between 1999 and 2015, from the Demographic and Health Surveys, linked to spatiotemporal conflict data from the Uppsala Conflict Data Program. Results from fixed effects regressions show that exposure to conflict is indeed associated with a higher probability of experiencing unwanted births, especially among socioeconomically disadvantaged people. The study also evaluates how patterns vary by the frequency, intensity, duration, geographical scope, and type of conflict.","PeriodicalId":51349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior","volume":"110 1","pages":"221465251353533"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144693429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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