Journal of Health and Social Behavior最新文献

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State Politics and Policies and Racialized Disability Patterns among Midlife Adults in the United States, 2008-2019. 2008-2019年美国中年人的州政治与政策及种族化残疾模式

IF 5 1区医学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Journal of Health and Social Behavior

Pub Date : 2026-01-31 DOI: 10.1177/00221465251412290

Courtney E Boen,Elise M Parrish

Although extensive research examines the individual- and household-level determinants of racialized disability patterns, the roles of state political and policy contexts have received less attention. Merging more than a decade of data from the American Community Survey (N = 7,928,386) to data on state politics and economic and social welfare policies, we use two-way fixed-effects models to investigate the links between state political and policy contexts and disability risks, considering whether these links vary across race and race-sex groups. Results show that (1) state contexts diverged dramatically over the period, (2) more liberal political contexts and generous economic and social safety net policies were generally associated with reduced disability risks, and (3) state contexts were strongly associated with the disability of White people, but results were more mixed for Black people, especially Black women. This study highlights the salience of state politics and policy for understanding and redressing racialized disability patterns.

尽管广泛的研究考察了种族化残疾模式的个人和家庭层面的决定因素，但国家政治和政策背景的作用受到的关注较少。将美国社区调查（N = 7,928,386）十多年的数据与州政治、经济和社会福利政策的数据结合起来，我们使用双向固定效应模型来调查州政治和政策背景与残疾风险之间的联系，并考虑这些联系是否因种族和种族性别群体而异。结果表明：(1)不同时期的国家环境差异显著；(2)更自由的政治环境和慷慨的经济和社会安全网政策通常与降低残疾风险相关；(3)国家环境与白人的残疾密切相关，但对黑人，特别是黑人妇女的影响更为复杂。这项研究强调了国家政治和政策对于理解和纠正种族化残疾模式的重要性。

引用次数: 0

Saving Maternal Health: The Racialized Labor and Burnout of Birthworkers of Color in the United States. 拯救产妇健康：美国有色人种生育工人的种族化劳动和倦怠。

IF 5 1区医学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Journal of Health and Social Behavior

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1177/00221465251406237

Hyeyoung Oh Nelson,Ashlyn Lange,Mercy Kibet,Maleeha K Shah

Medicalized birth experiences are associated with poor outcomes for people of color. Nonclinical birthworkers, such as doulas, have been identified as a solution to this inequity. With this reliance on birthworkers of color to reverse racial maternal health disparities, how do these individuals experience birthwork? Drawing from interviews with 24 birthworkers of color in the United States from November 2021 through April 2024, we reveal the weight of birthwork endured by this group. We situate these individuals' experiences within scholarship on burnout, emotional labor, racialized labor, and theories on mothering to explain the concept of "racialized burnout." Racialized burnout refers to a multifaceted process borne out of unequal racialized and gendered experiences encountered by birthworkers of color. Racialized burnout also acts as a producer of racial inequity within the maternal health field; as individuals of color encounter racialized burnout, they are at increased risk of leaving maternal health work.

对有色人种来说，医疗化的分娩经历与糟糕的结果有关。非临床助产士，如助产师，被认为是解决这种不平等的办法。依靠有色人种的生辰工来扭转种族孕产妇健康差异，这些人是如何经历生辰工的呢？从2021年11月到2024年4月，我们对美国24名有色人种的生辰工作者进行了采访，揭示了这一群体所承受的生辰压力。我们将这些个体的经历置于职业倦怠、情绪劳动、种族化劳动和育儿理论的学术研究中，以解释“种族化职业倦怠”的概念。种族倦怠是指有色人种出生工人所遇到的不平等的种族化和性别化经历所产生的一个多方面的过程。种族倦怠也在产妇保健领域造成种族不平等；由于有色人种遭遇种族倦怠，他们离开孕产妇保健工作的风险增加。

引用次数: 0

Early-Life War Exposure and Later-Life Chronic Pain in Vietnam: Risk, Resilience, and Timing 越南早期战争暴露和后期慢性疼痛：风险、恢复力和时机

IF 5 1区医学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Journal of Health and Social Behavior

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1177/00221465251401249

Rui Huang, Yuhang Li, Hanna Grol-Prokopczyk, Zachary Zimmer, Tran Khanh Toan

Life course theories predict that early-life war experiences will impact later-life health through both risk and resilience processes, which may vary by age cohort. This study uses data on older adults from the 2018 Vietnam Health and Aging Study (N = 1,826) to explore associations between early-life war experiences and later-life moderate/severe chronic pain, highlighting the role of war-related risk or protective factors and testing for heterogeneity across child, adolescent, and young adult cohorts. Regression models reveal that Vietnam War exposures dramatically increase the risk of later-life pain and that war generates both risk and protective factors (e.g., greater social engagement). However, Karlson, Holm, and Breen mediation analyses show that the impact of war on pain is primarily driven by increases in physical and mental health problems. Wartime children were more vulnerable to the effects of wartime violence on later-life pain than older age cohorts, demonstrating the importance of age at exposure to traumatic experiences.

生命历程理论预测，生命早期的战争经历将通过风险和恢复过程影响晚年的健康，这可能因年龄群而异。本研究使用2018年越南健康与老龄化研究（N = 1826）的老年人数据，探索早年战争经历与晚年中度/重度慢性疼痛之间的关系，强调战争相关风险或保护因素的作用，并测试儿童、青少年和年轻人群体的异质性。回归模型显示，越南战争暴露大大增加了晚年疼痛的风险，战争产生了风险和保护因素（例如，更大的社会参与）。然而，Karlson， Holm和Breen的调解分析表明，战争对疼痛的影响主要是由身体和精神健康问题的增加所驱动的。与年龄较大的同龄人相比，战时儿童更容易受到战时暴力对晚年痛苦的影响，这表明年龄在创伤经历中的重要性。

引用次数: 0

Emotion Work and Spousal Dementia Caregiving: Influences of Gender and Sexual Orientation. 情绪工作与配偶失智照护：性别与性倾向的影响。

IF 5 1区医学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Journal of Health and Social Behavior

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1177/00221465251398808

Toni Calasanti,Brian de Vries,Sadie Snow,Jing Geng

That heterosexual women caring for spouses living with dementia typically report greater stress than do men is often linked to empathic approaches to care, suggesting differences in identity-based stress appraisal. We examine this further, focusing on emotion work (manipulating one's own emotions to affect another's) versus feeling management (that targets the self) and gender and sexual orientation (GSO) identity. Using data from in-depth interviews with a nationwide sample (N = 69) of community-dwelling heterosexual, gay, and lesbian spousal/partner caregivers, we explore how GSO intersects to shape stress appraisal and emotion work provision. Thematic analysis reveals that identities centered around task completion resulted in feeling management engagement only (predominantly heterosexual men); emotion work was performed by those adopting an empathetic approach alone (mostly straight women) or combining this with a task orientation (typically gay and lesbian caregivers). These findings suggest how GSO might influence stress appraisal when challenges contradict caregivers' identities.

照顾患有痴呆症的配偶的异性恋女性通常比男性报告更大的压力，这通常与移情护理方法有关，这表明基于身份的压力评估存在差异。我们进一步研究了这一点，将重点放在情绪工作（操纵自己的情绪来影响他人的情绪）与情绪管理（针对自我）和性别和性取向（GSO）认同上。利用对全国范围内居住在社区的异性恋、同性恋和女同性恋配偶/伴侣照顾者的深度访谈数据，我们探索了GSO如何交叉影响压力评估和情感工作提供。主题分析显示，以任务完成为中心的身份只会导致管理投入感（主要是异性恋男性）；情感工作是由那些单独采用移情方法的人（主要是异性恋女性）或将其与任务导向相结合的人（通常是男同性恋和女同性恋看护者）进行的。这些发现表明，当挑战与照顾者的身份相矛盾时，GSO可能会影响压力评估。

引用次数: 0

Do Health Care Professionals Trust Parents? A Team Ethnography of Childhood Vaccine Hesitancy from Seven European Countries. 医疗保健专业人员信任父母吗？来自七个欧洲国家的儿童疫苗犹豫的团队人种志。

IF 5 1区医学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Journal of Health and Social Behavior

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1177/00221465251398796

Dino Numerato,Jaroslava Hasmanová Marhánková,Mario Cardano,Alice Scavarda,Luigi Gariglio,Alistair Anderson,Petra Auvinen,Piet Bracke,Ana Patrícia Hilário,Pru Hobson-West,Aapo Kuusipalo,Esther Lermytte,Joana Mendonça,Paulina Polak,Tadeusz Józef Rudek,Maria Świątkiewicz-Mośny,Pia Vuolanto,Aleksandra Wagner

Social-scientific scholarship on vaccination has often stressed the importance of trust. Vaccine hesitancy has commonly been viewed as determined by the degree of trust that parents have in expert knowledge, health care authorities, and health care professionals (HCPs). Focusing primarily on parents as trustors, the bilateral nature of trust and HCPs' trust in parents have seldom been considered. This article systematically explores these commonly overlooked aspects of trust-building. Drawing on a team ethnography in seven European countries consisting of 466 hours of observations, 167 in-depth interviews with vaccine-hesitant parents, and 171 in-depth interviews with HCPs, this article explores the levels, expressions, and outcomes of trust in the vaccination context. We suggest that trustful relationships are influenced by interpersonal and generalized trust and expressed through both the affective and cognitive dimensions. We further explore interactions where HCPs' (dis)trust may mitigate vaccine hesitancy. We conclude by providing policy implications for education, campaigns, and interventions.

关于疫苗接种的社会科学研究经常强调信任的重要性。疫苗犹豫通常被认为是由父母对专家知识、卫生保健当局和卫生保健专业人员（HCPs）的信任程度决定的。信任的双边性质和医护人员对父母的信任主要集中在作为托管人的父母身上，很少被考虑。这篇文章系统地探讨了建立信任的这些通常被忽视的方面。在7个欧洲国家进行了一项团队人种志研究，其中包括466小时的观察，167次对疫苗犹豫的父母的深度访谈，以及171次对医护人员的深度访谈，本文探讨了疫苗接种背景下信任的水平、表达和结果。我们认为信任关系受到人际信任和广义信任的影响，并通过情感和认知两个维度来表达。我们进一步探讨了HCPs的不信任可能减轻疫苗犹豫的相互作用。最后，我们提供了教育、运动和干预的政策含义。

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引用次数: 0

"You Feel Empowered": Parents' Emotional Responses to Air Pollution Sensing at Home. “你感到被授权了”：父母对家中空气污染感应的情绪反应。

IF 3.6 1区医学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Journal of Health and Social Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1177/00221465251406233

Casey J Mullen, Sara E Grineski, M Manuela Herrera, L Piper Christian, Jessica Cuello

Citizen science with particulate matter sensors at home increases awareness of pollution exposures and can inform health-protective actions, yet little research explores the emotional dimensions of sensing, especially across economic divides. This study shows that participatory air quality sensing is not emotionally neutral. We included 26 parents of asthmatic children in 10 weeks of participatory sensing with indoor and outdoor sensors to understand their exposure experiences. Drawing from weekly surveys and postproject interviews, we found that sensors often generated positive emotions (e.g., empowered, happy) across income levels, underscoring their potential as inclusive tools for asthma management. Parents less often reported negative emotions (e.g., stress, worry); when they did, those were spurred from checking outdoor readings (versus indoor) because outdoor exposures were less controllable. Parents managed emotions by creating contingent boundaries between indoor and outdoor spaces. We recommend expanding access to sensors and air purifiers to promote individual-level environmental health benefits.

在家中使用颗粒物传感器的公民科学提高了对污染暴露的认识，并可以为保护健康的行动提供信息，但很少有研究探讨感知的情感层面，特别是跨越经济鸿沟的情感层面。本研究表明，参与式空气质量感知并非情感中立。我们选取了26名哮喘儿童的家长，通过室内和室外传感器进行为期10周的参与式感知，了解他们的暴露体验。根据每周调查和项目后访谈，我们发现传感器通常会在收入水平上产生积极的情绪（例如，被赋权、快乐），强调它们作为哮喘管理包容性工具的潜力。父母较少报告负面情绪（如压力、担忧）；当他们这样做的时候，他们是通过检查室外（而不是室内）的读数来刺激的，因为室外的暴露不太可控。父母通过在室内和室外空间之间建立偶然的界限来管理情绪。我们建议扩大传感器和空气净化器的使用范围，以促进个人层面的环境健康效益。

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引用次数: 0

Partisan Polarization and Public Trust in Vaccine Science: Mapping Cultural Authority. 疫苗科学中的党派分化和公众信任：绘制文化权威。

IF 3.6 1区医学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Journal of Health and Social Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1177/00221465251396037

Gordon Gauchat

Public trust in science and scientific authorities is pivotal to effective vaccine policy and public health. This article develops a cultural-cognitive model to explain how ideological identity structures trust in vaccine-related authorities. Drawing on a novel survey instrument, it examines how partisanship shapes perceptions of scientific authority and the legitimacy of science in public health. Findings reveal that conservatives consistently express lower trust in scientific authorities regarding vaccination while expressing greater trust in religious and political figures. These partisan effects are magnified among scientifically literate individuals, suggesting that vaccine skepticism is structured less by knowledge deficits than by political identity. This underscores how public health attitudes are anchored in social institutions-particularly trust in experts and the perceived role of science in policymaking-clarifying the institutional foundations of vaccine polarization.

公众对科学和科学权威的信任对于有效的疫苗政策和公共卫生至关重要。本文发展了一个文化认知模型来解释意识形态认同如何构建对疫苗相关权威的信任。利用一种新颖的调查工具，它研究了党派关系如何影响人们对科学权威和公共卫生科学合法性的看法。调查结果显示，保守派一贯对疫苗接种方面的科学权威表示较低的信任，而对宗教和政治人物表示较高的信任。这些党派效应在有科学素养的个人中被放大了，这表明对疫苗的怀疑与其说是由于知识不足，不如说是由于政治认同。这强调了公共卫生态度是如何根植于社会机构的——尤其是对专家的信任和对科学在决策中的作用的认知——阐明了疫苗两极分化的制度基础。

引用次数: 0

Effects of Self-Rated Health on Union Formation and Dissolution in Six Countries 自评健康对六个国家婚姻形成和解体的影响

IF 5 1区医学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Journal of Health and Social Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1177/00221465251375984

Matthijs Kalmijn

Many studies demonstrated protective effects of marriage on health, but studies on the reverse pathway are more limited and provided mixed findings. Using large-scale data from annual longitudinal panel surveys, the current article estimates discrete-time event-history models to analyze how self-rated health affects transitions in and out of marriage and cohabitation. Harmonized panel data are used for Australia, Germany, (South) Korea, Russia, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. The study finds adverse effects of poor self-rated health on all transitions: union formation, marriage formation, separation, divorce, and repartnering. Effects were smaller for the formation than for the dissolution of unions and smaller for the transition to cohabitation than to marriage. Few gender differences were found, but health effects on union dissolution declined with age. With exceptions, the impact of health was strikingly similar across the six countries. In general, the findings suggest an accumulation of health-related inequalities in the marriage market.

许多研究证明了婚姻对健康的保护作用，但对相反途径的研究更为有限，并提供了不同的结果。利用来自年度纵向面板调查的大规模数据，本文估计了离散时间事件历史模型，以分析自评健康如何影响婚姻和同居的过渡。协调面板数据用于澳大利亚、德国、（韩国）韩国、俄罗斯、瑞士和英国。研究发现，自我评价不佳的健康状况对所有转变都有不利影响：结合形成、婚姻形成、分居、离婚和重新结合。婚姻形成的影响小于婚姻解除的影响，过渡到同居的影响小于过渡到婚姻的影响。性别差异不大，但健康因素对婚姻破裂的影响随着年龄的增长而下降。除了例外，这六个国家对健康的影响惊人地相似。总的来说，研究结果表明，婚姻市场中与健康有关的不平等现象不断累积。

引用次数: 0

Low-Density Zoning and Health Disparities in Metro Areas. 都市地区的低密度分区和健康差异。

IF 5 1区医学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Journal of Health and Social Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1177/00221465251391834

Kate W Strully,Tse-Chuan Yang,Chunxu Fang,Han Liu

This study examines associations between low-density zoning and individual health outcomes across 44 large U.S. metro areas. Zoning laws that restrict housing density to low levels can restrict affordable housing, contribute to urban sprawl, and increase segregation. Density zoning is one of the oldest and most common forms of residential zoning in the United States, and conceptual models posit that low-density zoning should be associated with wider health disparities. However, empirical associations between density zoning and health have been largely undocumented. Using data from the National Longitudinal Land Use Survey and Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Selected Metropolitan/Micropolitan Area Risk Trends data (N = 87,752), we find that metro areas with a higher proportion of jurisdictions with restrictive low-density zoning have wider race, ethnic, and income disparities in poor self-assessed health. However, we also find suggestive evidence that race disparities in obesity may be narrower in metro areas with more low-density zoning.

这项研究调查了美国44个大城市的低密度分区与个人健康状况之间的关系。将住房密度限制在低水平的分区法可能会限制经济适用房，助长城市蔓延，并增加隔离。密度分区是美国最古老和最常见的住宅分区形式之一，概念模型认为低密度分区应该与更大的健康差距有关。然而，密度分区与健康之间的经验联系在很大程度上没有记录。利用国家纵向土地利用调查和行为风险因素监测选择的大都市/小城市地区风险趋势数据（N = 87,752）的数据，我们发现，具有限制性低密度分区的司法管辖区比例较高的大都市地区在自我评估健康状况不佳方面存在更大的种族、民族和收入差距。然而，我们也发现了暗示性的证据，即在低密度分区较多的大都市地区，肥胖的种族差异可能会缩小。

引用次数: 0

Maternal Depression across Early Childhood: Similarities and Differences across Three Liberal Democracies. 幼儿期母亲抑郁：三个自由民主国家的异同。

IF 5 1区医学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Journal of Health and Social Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-12-10 DOI: 10.1177/00221465251395988

Shannon Cavanagh,Asya Saydam

Women who parent report higher rates of depression than others. Research frames this around postpartum depression, yet many continue to report symptoms well beyond the postpartum period. Using data from three nationally representative birth cohort studies (N = 31,514), we investigate how women's depressive symptoms unfold across children's early life. We compare trajectories across countries that provide limited but different family supports that might matter to mothers' health. Finally, we consider whether maternal characteristics moderate these differences. Using within and between growth curve modeling, we found country-level differences over time, with higher baseline but sharper declines among mothers in the United Kingdom and modest declines among mothers in Australia. Mothers in the United States started out lower but demonstrated no "recovery" over time. Depressive symptoms declined more sharply for advantaged mothers in countries with more generous supports but changed little for mothers in the United States regardless of their advantage.

为人父母的女性患抑郁症的比例高于其他女性。研究围绕产后抑郁症进行，但许多人继续报告的症状远远超出了产后时期。使用来自三个具有全国代表性的出生队列研究（N = 31,514）的数据，我们调查了女性抑郁症状在儿童早期生活中的表现。我们比较了各国提供有限但不同的家庭支持的轨迹，这些支持可能对母亲的健康很重要。最后，我们考虑母性特征是否调节了这些差异。使用内部和之间的增长曲线模型，我们发现随着时间的推移，国家层面的差异，英国母亲的基线较高，但下降幅度较大，澳大利亚母亲的下降幅度较小。美国的母亲们开始时的生育率较低，但随着时间的推移并没有“恢复”。在经济条件优越的国家，母亲的抑郁症状下降得更快，而在美国，尽管母亲的经济条件优越，但她们的抑郁症状几乎没有变化。

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全部化学•材料生命科学医学物理工程技术环境•农林材料科学地球科学法学管理学化学环境科学与生态学计算机科学教育学经济学农林科学人文科学生物学数学物理与天体物理心理学综合性期刊其他工业工程理学历史学农学文学信息工程

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