Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review最新文献

This review is part of a series of scoping reviews of population-based cohort studies, designed to inform public health approaches to strengthening the relational ecology of early child development. Here, we scoped prospective cohort studies that have assessed the association between infant-parent relational health during the first years of life (from conception to age three years) and relationship quality across the life course. Studies were included if they explored predictor measurement of infant relational behaviors with their parent (e.g., attachment status) or parent relational behaviors with their infant (e.g., parental sensitivity), and a relational health outcome across the whole social ecology. A systematic search of the literature was conducted in September 2023. The search identified 15,454 articles, of which 108 studies were deemed eligible for inclusion. An additional nine articles were identified via citation searching resulting in 117 included studies. We examined associations across four developmental periods (early childhood, middle childhood, adolescence, and adulthood), in a range of affiliative relationships, disaggregating outcomes in intra-familial and extra-familial relationships. Despite considerable variation in measurement and sampling, we found consistent evidence of enduring influence of infant-parent relationship quality for relational functioning well into adolescence. For some relationship forms, this extended into adulthood. Understanding the reach of early parent-infant relational quality onto life course relational outcomes has potential to inform public health policy settings.

The reliability of child and youth reports of traumatic events and adverse experiences (TRACEs) is a critically important but highly contentious issue. This paper presents a developmental perspective for understanding reporting, forgetting, and reimagining such experiences. This perspective addresses the targeted question of how to conceptualize correspondence in reports across time (i.e., the reliability of reports) and applies a developmental lens (both theory and data) to these data while also integrating relevant neuroscience data. This review provides 1) a critical summary of recent meta-analyses and data on consistency in reports of TRACEs and 2) a critical summary of systematic reviews of autobiographical memory in TRACEs and integrates 3) emerging developmental and neuroscience research and theory to support this perspective. The perspective emphasizes that there may be an evolution of the memory of a traumatic event and evolution in the perception of an event as traumatic over time. The perspective thereby implies that awareness of an event as traumatic is not limited to a strict dichotomy-either something traumatic happened or it did not-but can also be understood as a continuum, ranging from a strong memory or perception of the event as traumatic to weaker recollections and evolving interpretations over time.

Extended family members play an important role in meeting the care needs of autistic individuals, yet family support policies and practices often overlook this role. We aimed to synthesise qualitative research on the role played by extended family members in the lives of autistic individuals and their parents and identify cultural patterns. We searched eight databases and selected relevant studies through a two-stage screening process. We synthesised the results and discussions described in the selected studies using template analysis. The review included 42 studies (40 qualitative; 2 mixed methods), reporting on 1048 parents and 2140 grandparents. While aunts, uncles, and cousins were not direct participants, their roles were described in participants’ narratives. Three main themes were developed: (1) types of support from extended family members, including emotional, financial, instrumental, and informational support; (2) unhelpful or lack of support from extended family members, including misunderstanding about autism, absence of support with caregiving, and negative attitudes and discriminatory behaviours against autistic individuals as well as their parents; (3) factors influencing the role of extended family members, including individuals, family unit, family interaction characteristics, and a journey towards acceptance and cultural influences. Novel findings on the influence of culture suggested in cultures highly valuing family interdependence, extended relatives play a more prominent support role, yet the emphasis on family reputation might hinder the acceptance of autism by extended relatives. Based on a family systems approach, we recommend priorities for intervention development and clinical practice to support the effective involvement of extended family members.

Emotional and behavioural problems (EBP) are prevalent amongst children, and guided, parent-led digital interventions offer one method of improving access to effective treatments. This systematic review (PROSPERO: CRD42023484098) aimed to examine the evidence base for, and characteristics of, these types of interventions through a narrative synthesis. Systematic searches were conducted using Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Scopus and Web of Science in January 2024 and February 2025, supplemented with hand searching in March/April 2024 and February 2025. Studies were eligible if they reported outcomes related to preadolescent EBP from a guided, fully parent-led, fully digital intervention. Thirteen studies were eligible, including 2643 children and covering eight interventions (addressing anxiety problems, comorbid anxiety and depression, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, conduct disorder and disruptive behaviour). Studies included randomised controlled trials and pre-post studies. The QualSyst checklist was used to assess study quality; all studies were rated as good quality. All studies showed statistically significant improvements in the child’s symptoms or interference levels, with small to very large effect sizes immediately post-treatment, and at least medium effect sizes by follow-up, suggesting a promising evidence base. A wide range of intervention characteristics were identified, forming a basis for future intervention development for childhood EBP. However, there was a lack of consistency in how information was reported across studies (such as completion rates) and studies lacked information on parent demographics and key intervention details. Further high quality randomised controlled trials for a wider range of EBP are needed to continue building the evidence base.

Most children under age 5 exceed recommended screen time guidelines, with lifelong implications for children’s psychosocial, cognitive, socio-emotional, and physiological outcomes. Socio-ecological models point towards the important contribution of parental knowledge, modelling, practices, self-efficacy and style on child screen use. This study aimed to determine the extent to which these parenting factors influence child screen use, as well as the moderating role of screen media type (i.e. fixed vs. portable) on the relationship between parenting factors and child screen use. A systematic literature search for peer-reviewed studies published in English from 1982 to 2023 was conducted and yielded 87 eligible studies. Greater parental modelling, mealtime viewing, and the use of screens as a babysitting, mood regulation or reinforcement tool, were associated with higher child screen use. Contrastingly, higher levels of parental self-efficacy, and the implementation of screen use rules were associated with lower child screen use. Interventions targeting these parenting factors pose as a promising avenue to reduce child screen use. An authoritative parenting style was associated with lower child screen use, while authoritarian and permissive styles were associated with higher child screen use. The evidence for parental knowledge and co-viewing and, a neglectful parenting style was inconsistent or inconclusive. Finally, no observable trends or patterns in the data regarding the role of screen media type emerged. Future research should look to address issues in the measurement of child screen use to ensure comprehensive and objective assessments.

The development of secure relationships between children and their adult carers, across the earliest years of life, emerges within a multifaceted and complex relational ecology. Here we present findings from a systematic scoping review designed to map the extent to which the relational ecology of child-caregiver relationships across early life (from conception to age 3 years) has been studied. A first phase of the review searched for studies that used applied social network analysis (SNA) to measure the relational ecology. A second phase extended the scope to studies of associations between individual elements of the relational ecology and the early child-caregiver relationship. Searches were conducted between February and September, 2023, rerun in March 2025and in total, yielded 11,226 articles for screening. We found no studies using SNA to investigate the relational ecology of early child-caregiver relationship development. We did, however, find 122 studies that examined individual predictors across the relational ecosystem of the early child-caregiver relationship. Most studies focused on the family microsystem and in particular the mother–child relationship. Few studies examined other aspects of the microsystem, or higher levels of the relational ecosystem (meso-, exo- or macrosystems). Our findings highlight that much of the broader relational ecology of early child relational health development continues to be neglected in observational research. Future research should consider using novel methods like SNA to capture and explain interconnections between relationships at all levels of the relational ecology of early child-caregiver relationship development.

This article examined the internet and social media usage among (young) individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Two meta-analyses were conducted to quantify (1) the relation between ASD/autistic traits and problematic internet use (PIU, which included generalized PIU, problematic gaming, excessive smartphone use), and (2) the relation between ASD/autistic traits and social media use. The results of our first meta-analysis—comprising 46 studies and 42,274 participants—revealed that people with ASD or higher levels of autistic traits showed higher levels of PIU, with an average effect size of r = 0.26 (95% CI [0.21, 0.31]). The second meta-analysis—consisting of 15 studies and 7036 participants—indicated that people with ASD or higher levels of autistic traits were less involved on social media platforms as compared to their typically developing counterparts, with the average effect size being r = − 0.28 (95% CI [− 0.38, − 0.18]). The quality of the research on PIU and social media in persons with ASD was critically evaluated and possible directions for future research on this topic are discussed.

Parental psychosis has been reliably associated with adverse outcomes for both parents and children. Despite this, support for these families remains limited. Understanding the everyday parenting practices of parents with psychosis, and whether they differ from parents without psychosis is crucial for developing suitable, evidence-based interventions. We therefore aimed to synthesise quantitative and qualitative research to answer two research questions: (1) ‘What are the parenting practices of parents who experience psychosis?’ and (2) ‘Are the parenting practices of parents who experience psychosis the same as the parenting practices of parents without serious mental illness (SMI)?’ Five databases were searched for terms associated with parenting, psychosis and parenting practices, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guidelines. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool was used for quality appraisal prior to an integrative narrative synthesis being conducted. Twelve studies (n = 9 quantitative; n = 3 qualitative) containing 1115 parents with psychosis were included. The synthesis revealed that parents with psychosis frequently use positive authoritative parenting strategies, but sometimes this can be difficult to sustain, with parents resorting to permissive and inconsistent parenting practices. They appear to do so more frequently than parents without SMI but because only four studies utilised a control group, more comparative research is needed. The review recommends further support, and use of parenting interventions for parents with psychosis, alongside systemic practice change initiatives within adult mental health services.

It is well established within the literature that early childhood trauma and maltreatment increase risk for adolescent offending behaviors. However, the mechanisms underlying this association are not currently well understood. The construct of moral injury, or distress and psychopathology stemming from events that violate an individual’s deeply held moral beliefs, has most frequently been studied in adult veterans. However, researchers have recently begun to apply the concept of moral injury to child and adolescent populations. From a developmental psychopathology perspective, moral injury offers a novel lens through which to view the victim–offender overlap in adolescents. The current paper reviews existing empirical evidence regarding the prevalence and sources of moral injury in justice-involved youth. It further synthesizes theory and research from diverse subfields of developmental and clinical psychology and criminology in order to describe how disruptions to cognitive, affective, and social development might link moral injury with juvenile offending and justice involvement. A novel, dynamic model of moral injury and juvenile offending is proposed, and implications for future research, clinical practice, and juvenile justice policy are discussed.