Development Southern Africa最新文献

英文中文

Causes and consequences of critical healthcare skills shortage in the Southern Africa Development Community 南部非洲发展共同体关键保健技能短缺的原因和后果

4区经济学 Q3 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

Development Southern Africa

Pub Date : 2023-04-26 DOI: 10.1080/0376835x.2023.2203155

Dumsani M. Gumede, Myra Taylor, Jane D. Kvalsvig

Background The Southern Africa Development Community (SADC) has a shortage of critical healthcare skills.Aims To identify the causes and consequences of shortages and make policy recommendations.Methods A literature search was conducted using eight electronic databases and the World Health Organization and SADC Websites.Results From the studies reviewed the causes included mismatch between demand and supply, and loss of personnel to developed countries. Underlying factors included poorly functioning education systems and poor working conditions. Of the 16 SADC countries only five met the minimum requirements for nurses and midwives, and four for physicians. These factors exacerbate the population’s poor health, and clinical outcomes.Conclusion Internal reforms to the health and education sectors are necessary to progress towards geographic and demographic equity in health provision. The SADC should set regional targets and monitor the size and composition of the workforce to enable evaluation of progress towards targets.

南部非洲发展共同体(SADC)缺乏关键的卫生保健技能。目的查明短缺的原因和后果，并提出政策建议。方法利用8个电子数据库和世界卫生组织、SADC网站进行文献检索。结果:研究回顾了需求与供给不匹配、人员流失到发达国家等原因。潜在的因素包括教育系统功能低下和工作条件恶劣。在16个南部非洲发展共同体国家中，只有5个达到了护士和助产士的最低要求，4个达到了医生的最低要求。这些因素加剧了人口的不良健康状况和临床结果。结论:必须对卫生和教育部门进行内部改革，以便在保健提供方面实现地域和人口平等。南共体应制定区域目标并监测工作人员的规模和组成，以便能够评价实现目标的进展情况。

引用次数: 0

South African government personnel expenditure 2006–2021: Methodological considerations in using remuneration data 2006-2021年南非政府人员支出:使用薪酬数据的方法学考虑

IF 1.4 4区经济学 Q3 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

Development Southern Africa

Pub Date : 2023-04-25 DOI: 10.1080/0376835x.2023.2203181

H. Boraine, Liam James

引用次数: 0

On the impact of provincial development policies in South Africa 论南非省级发展政策的影响

IF 1.4 4区经济学 Q3 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

Development Southern Africa

Pub Date : 2023-04-16 DOI: 10.1080/0376835x.2023.2196314

F. Santeramo, Lerato Phali

引用次数: 0

Evaluating the demand, supply and impact of early childhood development programmes in South Africa 评价南非幼儿发展方案的需求、供应和影响

IF 1.4 4区经济学 Q3 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

Development Southern Africa

Pub Date : 2023-04-13 DOI: 10.1080/0376835x.2023.2198555

Eldridge Moses, S. van der Berg

引用次数: 0

Regulatory sandbox for FinTech regulation: Do the conditions for effective adoption exist in South Africa? 金融科技监管的监管沙盒:南非是否存在有效采用的条件?

IF 1.4 4区经济学 Q3 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

Development Southern Africa

Pub Date : 2023-03-10 DOI: 10.1080/0376835X.2023.2182759

W. McCallum, M. Aziakpono

ABSTRACT A regulatory sandbox is an emerging approach used by financial sector regulators worldwide to respond to the rapid emergence of financial technologies (FinTech). In South Africa, the Intergovernmental FinTech Working Group launched its regulatory sandbox in 2020 and at the time of writing in 2021, seven firms had been permitted entry. While a regulatory sandbox may offer several promises, it may have adverse outcomes if the necessary conditions for successful implementation do not exist. Against this backdrop, this study seeks to determine if South Africa was ready to adopt a regulatory sandbox by exploring whether the necessary conditions for its implementation exist. The study triangulated results of interviews with individuals with secondary data to reach conclusions. The results show that a regulatory sandbox is an appropriate approach to FinTech regulation in South Africa, as most necessary conditions do exist. However, conditions that are not in place require remediation through appropriate interventions.

监管沙盒是全球金融部门监管机构用来应对快速出现的金融技术(FinTech)的一种新兴方法。在南非，政府间金融科技工作组于2020年启动了其监管沙盒，截至2021年撰写本文时，已有七家公司获准进入。虽然监管沙箱可能会提供一些承诺，但如果成功实施的必要条件不存在，它可能会产生不利结果。在此背景下，本研究试图通过探索实施监管沙盒的必要条件是否存在，来确定南非是否已准备好采用监管沙盒。该研究将与个人的访谈结果与二手数据进行三角分析，以得出结论。结果表明，监管沙盒是南非金融科技监管的适当方法，因为大多数必要条件确实存在。然而，不到位的条件需要通过适当的干预措施进行补救。

引用次数: 1

Going beyond female-headed households: Household composition and gender differences in poverty 超越女性户主家庭：家庭构成和贫困中的性别差异

IF 1.4 4区经济学 Q3 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

Development Southern Africa

Pub Date : 2023-03-10 DOI: 10.1080/0376835X.2023.2182760

D. Posel, K. Hall, Linekela Goagoses

ABSTRACT This study sharpens comparisons of gender differences in poverty in South Africa by distinguishing households according to the gender composition of resident adults rather than by household headship. The categories of female-dominated and male-dominated households (where all adults are either women or men respectively) are subsets of female- and male-headed households but their classification avoids many of the problems associated with the concept of household headship. Using nationally representative micro-data, we show that both female-dominated and male-dominated households have become more prevalent over time. Comparing these household types reveals that when men live without women, they mostly live alone; while women who live without men are far more likely to live with children. These differences in household composition help to explain why the gender poverty differential is more marked when comparing female- and male-dominated households as opposed to the broader and more heterogeneous categories of female- and male-headed households.

摘要：这项研究通过根据成年居民的性别构成而不是户主来区分家庭，从而加深了对南非贫困性别差异的比较。女性主导和男性主导的家庭类别（所有成年人分别为女性或男性）是女性和男性主导家庭的子集，但它们的分类避免了与户主概念相关的许多问题。利用具有全国代表性的微观数据，我们发现，随着时间的推移，女性主导和男性主导的家庭都变得更加普遍。比较这些家庭类型可以发现，当男人在没有女人的情况下生活时，他们大多是独自生活；而没有男人生活的女性更有可能与孩子生活在一起。这些家庭构成的差异有助于解释为什么在比较女性和男性主导的家庭时，性别贫困差异更为显著，而不是更广泛、更异质的女性和男性户主家庭。

引用次数: 0

A critical analysis of environmental taxes in Mauritius; A comparative study with South Africa 对毛里求斯环境税的批判性分析；与南非的比较研究

IF 1.4 4区经济学 Q3 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

Development Southern Africa

Pub Date : 2023-03-05 DOI: 10.1080/0376835X.2023.2171366

Beebeejaun Ambareen

ABSTRACT Mauritius is a highly vulnerable country with respect to the negative impact of climate change. In this respect, it is imperative to address environmental issues through various instruments and one particular tool chosen for this purpose is fiscal measures in the form of environmental taxes. Consequently, the objectives of this research are to critically assess the various types of environmental taxes in Mauritius and to provide recommendations to enhance the existing framework on environmental taxation as a policy instrument to alleviate pollution and environment degradation in Mauritius. In particular, the carbon taxation, motor fuel taxes, vehicle ownership taxes, Maurice Ile Durable (MID) levy plastic containers levy and environment protection fee among others will be analysed. The methodology applied in this research is a legal analysis of rules pertaining to environmental taxation in Mauritius. A comparative analysis will also be performed to find out the corresponding legal provisions on environmental taxes in South Africa. Since Mauritius is part of Africa, it becomes relevant to compare how one among the African continent’s most powerful economic powerhouses being South Africa, is dealing with environmental degradation and whether Mauritius may implement some of them.

毛里求斯是一个极易受到气候变化负面影响的国家。在这方面，必须通过各种手段解决环境问题，为此目的选择的一个特别工具是以环境税形式采取的财政措施。因此，这项研究的目的是严格评价毛里求斯的各种环境税，并提出建议，以加强现有的环境税框架，作为减轻毛里求斯污染和环境退化的政策工具。特别是对碳税、汽车燃油税、车辆拥有税、塑料容器税、环境保护费等进行分析。本研究采用的方法是对毛里求斯有关环境税的规则进行法律分析。还将进行比较分析，以找出南非关于环境税的相应法律规定。由于毛里求斯是非洲的一部分，比较非洲大陆最强大的经济强国之一南非是如何处理环境退化的，以及毛里求斯是否可以实施其中的一些措施，就变得有意义了。

{"title":"A critical analysis of environmental taxes in Mauritius; A comparative study with South Africa","authors":"Beebeejaun Ambareen","doi":"10.1080/0376835X.2023.2171366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0376835X.2023.2171366","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Mauritius is a highly vulnerable country with respect to the negative impact of climate change. In this respect, it is imperative to address environmental issues through various instruments and one particular tool chosen for this purpose is fiscal measures in the form of environmental taxes. Consequently, the objectives of this research are to critically assess the various types of environmental taxes in Mauritius and to provide recommendations to enhance the existing framework on environmental taxation as a policy instrument to alleviate pollution and environment degradation in Mauritius. In particular, the carbon taxation, motor fuel taxes, vehicle ownership taxes, Maurice Ile Durable (MID) levy plastic containers levy and environment protection fee among others will be analysed. The methodology applied in this research is a legal analysis of rules pertaining to environmental taxation in Mauritius. A comparative analysis will also be performed to find out the corresponding legal provisions on environmental taxes in South Africa. Since Mauritius is part of Africa, it becomes relevant to compare how one among the African continent’s most powerful economic powerhouses being South Africa, is dealing with environmental degradation and whether Mauritius may implement some of them.","PeriodicalId":51523,"journal":{"name":"Development Southern Africa","volume":"40 1","pages":"1038 - 1052"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41819356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Care Dependency Grant for children with disabilities in South Africa: perspectives from implementation officials. 南非残疾儿童护理依赖津贴：执行官员的观点。

IF 1.3 4区经济学 Q3 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

Development Southern Africa

Pub Date : 2023-03-04 Epub Date: 2021-10-15 DOI: 10.1080/0376835X.2021.1981250

Zara Trafford, Leslie Swartz

For people with disabilities, appropriate social protection interventions can contribute to breaking the cyclical relationship between poverty and disability and may improve social inclusion. In South Africa, a national social assistance programme provides 'social grants' to individuals on the basis of poverty, age, or disability. These grants have been extensively studied but there has been little investigation into the Care Dependency Grant, designed to support the care of children with disabilities. These children consistently have far poorer outcomes on key metrics for wellbeing, health, and education than their non-disabled peers. More attention ought to be focused on uplifting this profoundly marginalised population. We present initial findings from interviews with officials at the South African Social Security Agency, the country's grants implementation agency. These narratives add weight to the growing local and international consensus that complementary interventions and effective intersectoral collaboration may greatly enhance the impact of cash transfers.

对残疾人而言，适当的社会保护干预措施有助于打破贫困与残疾之间的周期性关系，并可提高社会包容性。在南非，一项国家社会援助计划根据贫困、年龄或残疾程度向个人提供 "社会补助金"。对这些补助金进行了广泛的研究，但对旨在支持照顾残疾儿童的 "护理依赖补助金 "的调查却很少。与非残疾儿童相比，这些儿童在福利、健康和教育等关键指标上的表现一直较差。我们应该将更多的注意力集中在提高这一被严重边缘化的群体的生活水平上。我们介绍了对南非补助金执行机构--南非社会保障局官员的初步采访结果。这些叙述为当地和国际上日益增长的共识增添了砝码，即互补性干预措施和有效的跨部门合作可极大地增强现金转移的影响。

{"title":"The Care Dependency Grant for children with disabilities in South Africa: perspectives from implementation officials.","authors":"Zara Trafford, Leslie Swartz","doi":"10.1080/0376835X.2021.1981250","DOIUrl":"10.1080/0376835X.2021.1981250","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For people with disabilities, appropriate social protection interventions can contribute to breaking the cyclical relationship between poverty and disability and may improve social inclusion. In South Africa, a national social assistance programme provides 'social grants' to individuals on the basis of poverty, age, or disability. These grants have been extensively studied but there has been little investigation into the Care Dependency Grant, designed to support the care of children with disabilities. These children consistently have far poorer outcomes on key metrics for wellbeing, health, and education than their non-disabled peers. More attention ought to be focused on uplifting this profoundly marginalised population. We present initial findings from interviews with officials at the South African Social Security Agency, the country's grants implementation agency. These narratives add weight to the growing local and international consensus that complementary interventions and effective intersectoral collaboration may greatly enhance the impact of cash transfers.</p>","PeriodicalId":51523,"journal":{"name":"Development Southern Africa","volume":"40 2","pages":"259-272"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7614334/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9171237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stimulating and developing sustainable urban local economies: The role of urban agriculture 刺激和发展可持续的城市地方经济:都市农业的作用

IF 1.4 4区经济学 Q3 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

Development Southern Africa

Pub Date : 2023-02-17 DOI: 10.1080/0376835X.2023.2177259

J. Mensah

ABSTRACT Whereas urban agriculture is a potential tool for urban local economic development (LED), there appears to be little empirical evidence that has examined how urban agriculture affects the urban local economy from a LED perspective. This research aims to examine the role of urban agriculture in the urban local economy in a developing country, Ghana. Data for the research was obtained through focus group discussions and key informant interviews with urban agriculturalists and urban local authorities in two assemblies respectively in the Greater Accra region of Ghana. The findings showed that if properly supported, urban agriculture can improve the local economy because of its multiple benefits of employment, income, and improved livelihood and food security. This study contributed to expanding the international scholarship on LED from the perspective of using urban agriculture as an LED strategy by examining the case in Ghana.

摘要尽管城市农业是城市地方经济发展的潜在工具，但似乎很少有实证证据从城市地方经济的角度来研究城市农业如何影响城市地方经济。本研究旨在考察城市农业在发展中国家加纳城市地方经济中的作用。这项研究的数据是通过焦点小组讨论和关键线人访谈获得的，访谈对象分别是加纳大阿克拉地区的两个议会中的城市农学家和城市地方当局。研究结果表明，如果得到适当的支持，城市农业可以改善当地经济，因为它具有就业、收入、改善生计和粮食安全的多重好处。这项研究通过研究加纳的案例，从利用城市农业作为LED战略的角度，为扩大LED的国际学术做出了贡献。

引用次数: 1

Advancing a transformative human development approach to climate resilience through local innovation in South Africa 通过南非的地方创新，推进气候适应性的变革性人类发展方法

IF 1.4 4区经济学 Q3 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

Development Southern Africa

Pub Date : 2023-02-04 DOI: 10.1080/0376835X.2023.2171365

A. Nyamwanza, P. Jacobs, K. Nyezi

ABSTRACT Climate change continues to exacerbate social and economic development challenges in local communities the world over. This paper advances a human development approach to climate resilience innovations, showing how local innovation initiatives can be conduits for increased equity, agency, efficiency and sustainability vis-à-vis effective responses to climate impacts. Based on a scoping review of literature (journal articles, books, theses, occasional papers etc.), and through a discussion of four case studies focused on technological and institutional innovations in selected rural South African communities, a major finding is that local innovation initiatives vis-à-vis livelihoods are laden with opportunities for improved social, economic and ecological well-being. Appreciating and supporting these local innovations will open up viable and transformative pathways towards effectively responding to the impacts of climate change and variability. The paper contributes to an interdisciplinary integration of innovation and climate change research by exploring climate resilience through a transformative human development lens.

摘要气候变化继续加剧世界各地地方社区的社会和经济发展挑战。本文提出了一种应对气候变化的人类发展方法，展示了与有效应对气候影响相比，地方创新举措如何成为提高公平性、机构性、效率和可持续性的渠道。根据对文献（期刊文章、书籍、论文、偶尔发表的论文等）的范围审查，并通过对四个案例研究的讨论，重点关注选定的南非农村社区的技术和制度创新，一个主要发现是，当地针对生计的创新举措充满了改善社会、，经济和生态福祉。赞赏和支持这些地方创新将为有效应对气候变化和可变性的影响开辟可行的变革途径。该论文通过变革性的人类发展视角探索气候适应性，为创新和气候变化研究的跨学科整合做出了贡献。

{"title":"Advancing a transformative human development approach to climate resilience through local innovation in South Africa","authors":"A. Nyamwanza, P. Jacobs, K. Nyezi","doi":"10.1080/0376835X.2023.2171365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0376835X.2023.2171365","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Climate change continues to exacerbate social and economic development challenges in local communities the world over. This paper advances a human development approach to climate resilience innovations, showing how local innovation initiatives can be conduits for increased equity, agency, efficiency and sustainability vis-à-vis effective responses to climate impacts. Based on a scoping review of literature (journal articles, books, theses, occasional papers etc.), and through a discussion of four case studies focused on technological and institutional innovations in selected rural South African communities, a major finding is that local innovation initiatives vis-à-vis livelihoods are laden with opportunities for improved social, economic and ecological well-being. Appreciating and supporting these local innovations will open up viable and transformative pathways towards effectively responding to the impacts of climate change and variability. The paper contributes to an interdisciplinary integration of innovation and climate change research by exploring climate resilience through a transformative human development lens.","PeriodicalId":51523,"journal":{"name":"Development Southern Africa","volume":"40 1","pages":"897 - 910"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48595002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

首页上一页

下一页尾页

类型

全部化学•材料生命科学医学物理工程技术环境•农林材料科学地球科学法学管理学化学环境科学与生态学计算机科学教育学经济学农林科学人文科学生物学数学物理与天体物理心理学综合性期刊其他工业工程理学历史学农学文学信息工程

数据库

全部 ACS Publications Elsevier ieeexplore Springer The Royal Society of Chemistry Wiley

期刊

Development Southern Africa

全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.

﹀