New Ideas in Psychology最新文献

英文中文

The brain edits the past: Neural systems of memory reconstruction and self-stability 大脑编辑过去：记忆重建和自我稳定的神经系统

IF 2.9 3区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

New Ideas in Psychology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.newideapsych.2025.101221

Max Lepsius

Autobiographical memory is increasingly understood as a constructive process governed by goal-directed neural mechanisms rather than as a passive retrieval of historically accurate content. In this article, I propose that memory serves an adaptive, identity-regulating function by maintaining the coherence of the self-model. Drawing on evidence from systems neuroscience, I argue that memory retrieval and reconsolidation are modulated by top-down control processes that prioritize internal consistency over factual accuracy.

Specifically, I examine the role of the default mode network (DMN) — particularly the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) — in the selective retrieval of experiences aligned with current self-conceptual structures. I further discuss the hippocampus–prefrontal cortex interaction as a mechanism for emphasizing congruent details while suppressing contradictory information. This filtering is often mediated by schema-based frameworks that facilitate the encoding and reassembly of memory traces according to present needs and motivational states. Evidence from reconsolidation studies demonstrates the neuroplastic instability of recalled memories, enabling their restructuring to serve current psychological needs.

I conclude that memory is less a system for veridical preservation than a neurocognitive instrument for internal stabilization. Its selective architecture supports the coherence of self through strategic reconstruction, with implications for our understanding of autobiographical memory, affective disorders, and the neural substrates of identity stability.

自传式记忆越来越被理解为一个由目标导向的神经机制控制的建设性过程，而不是对历史准确内容的被动检索。在这篇文章中，我提出记忆通过维持自我模型的一致性来提供一种适应性的身份调节功能。根据系统神经科学的证据，我认为记忆检索和再巩固是由自上而下的控制过程调节的，这种控制过程优先考虑内部一致性而不是事实准确性。具体来说，我研究了默认模式网络（DMN）——特别是内侧前额叶皮层（mPFC）和后扣带皮层（PCC）——在选择性检索与当前自我概念结构一致的经验中的作用。我进一步讨论海马体-前额叶皮层的相互作用作为强调一致的细节，同时抑制矛盾的信息的机制。这种过滤通常是由基于模式的框架来调节的，这些框架有助于根据当前需求和动机状态对记忆痕迹进行编码和重组。来自再巩固研究的证据表明，被召回的记忆具有神经可塑性的不稳定性，这使得它们的重组能够满足当前的心理需求。我的结论是，记忆与其说是一种真实的保存系统，不如说是一种内部稳定的神经认知工具。它的选择性结构通过战略性重建来支持自我的一致性，这对我们理解自传体记忆、情感障碍和身份稳定性的神经基质具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

Critical decision-making: Bridging critical reflection and action 关键决策：连接关键反思和行动

IF 2.9 3区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

New Ideas in Psychology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.newideapsych.2025.101206

Jacqueline Cerda-Smith

Individuals can liberate themselves and others from oppression through critical consciousness, which involves critical reflection (i.e., awareness of systemic oppression) and critical action; both are necessary for systemic change. However, reflection does not always lead to action. Most scholars consider one's critical motivation (i.e., interest and efficacy in enacting sociopolitical change) to bridge critical reflection and action. Given that critical consciousness is steeped in issues of morality, this paper integrates moral reasoning and decision-making frameworks with critical consciousness literature to elucidate the psychological processes that encourage or discourage praxis. Doing so highlights the need for a novel critical consciousness component: critical decision-making, which involves determining an action goal, deciding if and how to act, planning action steps, and problem-solving barriers to action. This paper describes critical decision-making processes and offers methodological recommendations for future research to examine critical decision-making. Including critical decision-making as a component of critical consciousness enables future researchers to ask and answer new questions that can provide a deeper understanding of praxis and inform efforts that seek to transform oppressive systems.

个体可以通过批判意识将自己和他人从压迫中解放出来，批判意识包括批判反思（即对系统性压迫的意识）和批判行动；两者都是系统性变革的必要条件。然而，反思并不总是导致行动。大多数学者认为一个人的批判动机（即实施社会政治变革的兴趣和效力）是批判性反思和行动的桥梁。鉴于批判意识沉浸在道德问题中，本文将道德推理和决策框架与批判意识文献相结合，以阐明鼓励或阻碍实践的心理过程。这样做强调了对一种新的关键意识组成部分的需求：关键决策，包括确定行动目标，决定是否以及如何行动，计划行动步骤，以及解决行动障碍。本文描述了关键决策过程，并为未来的研究提供了方法建议，以检查关键决策。将关键决策作为关键意识的一个组成部分，使未来的研究人员能够提出和回答新的问题，这些问题可以提供对实践的更深入的理解，并为寻求改变压迫制度的努力提供信息。

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引用次数: 0

“Unseen strategies” what can the experience of Aphantasia teach us about cognitive strategies in memory? “看不见的策略”关于记忆中的认知策略，幻像症的经历能告诉我们什么？

IF 2.9 3区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

New Ideas in Psychology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.newideapsych.2025.101215

Samuel John Hayes, Gareth Edward Miles, Sarah-Anne Evans

Aphantasia, originally characterised by a deficit in visual mental imagery, has been expanded to included deficits in other modalities of mental imagery e.g., auditory imagery. As these forms of imagery are considered to be key components of memory rehearsal, encoding and recall, Aphantasia has inspired much quantitative research exploring its relationship with memory. A qualitative methodology is employed here to explore compensatory strategies which quantitative findings suggest. Through Thematic Analysis, three subordinate themes are identified (Semantic Reliance, Condensation of Inner Speech, and External Recoding) representing possible compensatory strategies for further investigation in quantitative research. Findings additionally include supporting evidence of memory deficits and refute claims of metacognitive deficits among Aphantasic individuals.

幻像症，最初的特征是视觉心理意象的缺陷，已经扩展到包括其他形式的心理意象的缺陷，例如听觉意象。由于这些形式的意象被认为是记忆排练、编码和回忆的关键组成部分，幻影症激发了许多探索其与记忆关系的定量研究。本文采用定性方法探讨定量研究结果提出的补偿策略。通过主位分析，确定了三个从属主位（语义依赖、内部言语凝聚和外部重新编码），代表了在定量研究中进一步研究的可能补偿策略。研究结果还包括支持记忆缺陷的证据，并反驳了失忆症患者存在元认知缺陷的说法。

引用次数: 0

Designing for desire: Impact of indoor residential spaces' color on cognitive and sexual sensitivity 为欲望而设计：室内居住空间色彩对认知和性敏感的影响

IF 2.9 3区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

New Ideas in Psychology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.newideapsych.2025.101216

Niloofar Khavari Khorasani

This study investigates the influence of residential interior space color on sexual sensitivity and arousal in Iran through the cognition and reaction time toward erotic/neutral stimuli. A task was designed based on the evaluative priming paradigm, and seventy participants volunteered to contribute to this study. Four colors, white, black, red, and blue, in four indoor spaces - bedroom, living room, kitchen, and bathroom - were studied. The first prediction was that red, followed by blue, would have more congruence with erotic stimuli; conversely, the achromatic colors of white and black would have more congruence with neutral stimuli. The results demonstrated that different colors yielded varied outcomes and reaction times. Red was most congruent with erotic stimuli among all colors. Gender was found to have a notable influence on reaction time in all colors, and women were more influenced by their environment. Moreover, the sexual desire score has a significant impact on reaction time across all four colors. These findings provide valuable insights into the complex interplay between interior space colors, cognition, reaction to erotic/neutral stimuli, and possibly sexual arousal.

本研究通过对色情/中性刺激的认知和反应时间，探讨了伊朗居住室内空间色彩对性敏感和性唤起的影响。基于评价启动范式设计了一项任务，70名参与者自愿参与本研究。在四个室内空间——卧室、客厅、厨房和浴室——研究了白、黑、红、蓝四种颜色。第一个预测是，红色，其次是蓝色，与色情刺激更一致；相反，白色和黑色的消色系会与中性刺激更一致。结果表明，不同的颜色会产生不同的结果和反应时间。在所有颜色中，红色与色情刺激最一致。研究发现，性别对所有颜色的反应时间都有显著影响，女性受到环境的影响更大。此外，性欲得分对所有四种颜色的反应时间都有显著影响。这些发现为室内空间颜色、认知、对色情/中性刺激的反应以及可能的性唤起之间的复杂相互作用提供了有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

The Kraemer Effect Reconsidered: Do probability-raising accounts of intentionality explain the Kraemer Effect? 重新考虑克雷默效应：提高概率的意向性解释克雷默效应吗？

IF 2.9 3区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

New Ideas in Psychology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.newideapsych.2025.101209

Paul Henne , Wiktoria M. Pedryc , Benjamin Seiler , Alexander Max Bauer , Saniya Varghese , Isaiah Moonlight

People tend to judge that agents bring about the ends more intentionally than the means. In three experiments, we test a new explanation for this so-called Kraemer Effect: people tend to judge that agents bring about the ends more intentionally than the means because they think that the agent's actions increase the probability of the ends more than the means, even though their objective probabilities are the same. In Experiment 1, we replicated the Kraemer Effect in English and German. In Experiment 2, we aimed to manipulate people's perceived probability increase of bringing about the ends and test whether this would decrease the size of the Kraemer Effect. In Experiment 3, we aimed to manipulate people's perceived probability increase of bringing about the means and test whether this would decrease the size of the Kraemer Effect. In both experiments, we found no evidence that manipulating the perceived probability increase of bringing about the means or the ends decreased the size of the Kraemer Effect. Overall, we found no evidence that a probability-raising account of intentionality explains the Kraemer Effect.

人们倾向于认为，行为人实现目的的意图多于手段。在三个实验中，我们对所谓的克雷默效应（Kraemer Effect）进行了新的解释：人们倾向于判断行为人实现目的的意图多于手段，因为他们认为行为人的行为比手段更能增加达到目的的概率，尽管他们的客观概率是相同的。在实验1中，我们在英语和德语中重复了克莱默效应。在实验2中，我们的目的是操纵人们感知到的导致结果的概率增加，并检验这是否会减小克雷默效应的大小。在实验3中，我们的目的是操纵人们感知到的带来均值的概率增加，并检验这是否会减小克雷默效应的大小。在这两个实验中，我们没有发现任何证据表明，操纵实现手段或目的的感知概率增加会降低克雷默效应的大小。总的来说，我们没有发现任何证据表明意向性的概率提高解释了克雷默效应。

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引用次数: 0

Exploratory tendencies explain task delay in procrastination 探索性倾向解释了拖延症中的任务延迟

IF 2.9 3区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

New Ideas in Psychology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.newideapsych.2025.101190

Lauren L. Saling , Sion Weatherhead , Daniel B. Cohen

In this study (N = 237), we explore a novel explanation of the mechanisms underlying task delay during procrastination. Given emerging evidence that procrastination sometimes has creative advantages, we hypothesized that procrastinators delay tasks because they prefer exploratory learning strategies. Exploratory learning in children involves cognitive flexibility that enables more creative pattern recognition in conjunctive rule tasks compared to adults. This pattern may parallel the creative advantages observed in procrastinators. We therefore investigated whether procrastinators were more accurate than non-procrastinators in decoding conjunctive rules and whether procrastination predicts creativity. We found that procrastinators were indeed more successful in decoding conjunctive rules and showed higher creativity. These findings suggest that procrastinators employ a distinctively exploratory approach that, while risking task delay, can facilitate performance in certain contexts.

在本研究中（N = 237），我们探索了拖延过程中任务延迟机制的新解释。鉴于越来越多的证据表明拖延症有时具有创造性优势，我们假设拖延症患者延迟任务是因为他们更喜欢探索性学习策略。与成人相比，儿童的探索性学习涉及认知灵活性，使其能够在联合规则任务中更有创造性的模式识别。这种模式可能与在拖延者身上观察到的创造性优势相似。因此，我们调查了拖延者是否比非拖延者更准确地解码连接规则，以及拖延是否预示着创造力。我们发现，拖延者确实更成功地破译了连词规则，并表现出更高的创造力。这些发现表明，拖延者采用了一种独特的探索性方法，虽然有任务延迟的风险，但可以促进在某些情况下的表现。

引用次数: 0

Enactive approaches to conceptualising psychopathology 精神病理学概念化的主动方法

IF 2.9 3区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

New Ideas in Psychology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.newideapsych.2025.101189

Kristopher Nielsen

Enactivism is a philosophy of mind that understands cognition as fundamentally embodied, embedded in environmental contexts, and constituted through active engagement with the world. What are the consequences of such a view for the conceptualization, study, and treatment of mental disorder? This paper aims to introduce readers to ‘enactive psychiatry’, a perspective that is currently emerging as a novel and integrative theoretical framework for the study of psychopathology. First, enactivism is overviewed, including a summary listing of key conceptual resources it brings. This is then followed by critical discussion of three leading conceptual frameworks in enactive psychiatry: Sanneke de Haan's ‘Enactive Psychiatry’, Michelle Maiese's ‘Enactive Medical Model’, and Kristopher Nielsen's ‘3e Psychopathology’. Key points of convergence and divergence across these frameworks are drawn out, regarding both how these frameworks conceptualize the structure of mental disorders, and how they demarcate mental disorder from normal functioning. Finally, a brief discussion overviews some of the apparent strengths and weaknesses of enactive psychiatry as a wider approach. It is suggested that enactive psychiatry has strong integrative potential and presents an empirically plausible and fruitful framework from which to consider mental disorders.

Enactivism是一种思想哲学，它认为认知从根本上是具体化的，嵌入在环境背景中，并通过与世界的积极接触而构成。这种观点对精神障碍的概念化、研究和治疗有什么影响？本文旨在向读者介绍“活动精神病学”，这一观点目前正在成为精神病理学研究的一种新颖而综合的理论框架。首先，概述了行动主义，包括它带来的关键概念资源的摘要列表。接下来是对精神病学中三个主要概念框架的批判性讨论：Sanneke de Haan的“精神病学”，Michelle Maiese的“精神医学模型”和christopher Nielsen的“3e精神病理学”。就这些框架如何概念化精神障碍的结构，以及如何将精神障碍与正常功能区分开来，提出了这些框架之间的趋同和分歧的关键点。最后，简短的讨论概述了作为一种更广泛的方法的行为精神病学的一些明显的优点和缺点。这表明，行为精神病学具有强大的整合潜力，并提出了一个经验上合理和富有成效的框架，从中考虑精神障碍。

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引用次数: 0

The hallmark of a good life: Introducing fulfillment in life 美好生活的标志：在生活中引入满足感

IF 2.3 3区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

New Ideas in Psychology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.newideapsych.2025.101185

Doris Baumann, Willibald Ruch

Fulfillment as the cornerstone of a good life has frequently been mentioned in the context of well-being, happiness, and positive psychology. It acts as a key indicator of what it means to lead a meaningful, well-lived existence. However, despite recognition of the importance of fulfillment, systematic research on its definition and measurement has only recently emerged. This article introduces a new research direction, proposing a comprehensive conceptual framework to understand fulfillment in life. The article defines fulfillment as a cognitive-affective experience that is characterized by a sense of wholeness, congruence, and value towards one’s self, life, and impact. This 3 × 3 arrangement forms the structural model of fulfillment, which also serves as the basis for its assessment. Drawing upon qualitative research, we examine how laypersons perceive and experience fulfillment. Additionally, we investigate how a measured fulfilled life differs from related concepts and highlight its strong connection to successful personality development. Our objective is to establish robust conceptual and methodological foundations alongside initial empirical findings, to pave the way for future research on fulfillment.

在幸福、快乐和积极心理学的背景下，满足作为美好生活的基石经常被提到。它是一个重要的指标，表明过着有意义的、美好的生活意味着什么。然而，尽管认识到实现的重要性，但对其定义和测量的系统研究直到最近才出现。本文引入了一个新的研究方向，提出了一个全面的概念框架来理解生活中的成就感。这篇文章将满足感定义为一种认知情感体验，其特征是对自我、生活和影响的整体性、一致性和价值感。这种3 × 3的排列方式形成了成就感的结构模型，也是成就感评价的依据。在定性研究的基础上，我们研究了外行人如何感知和体验成就感。此外，我们调查了衡量的充实生活与相关概念的不同之处，并强调了它与成功人格发展的密切联系。我们的目标是建立坚实的概念和方法基础，以及初步的实证研究结果，为未来的研究铺平道路。

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引用次数: 0

Feeling the Heat: A Thermodynamic Perspective on Emotions, Motivation, and Time Perception 感受热度：情绪、动机和时间感知的热力学视角

IF 2.9 3区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

New Ideas in Psychology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.newideapsych.2025.101188

Eva Déli , Felix Schoeller , Adam Safron , Abhinandan Jain , Arturo Tozzi , Vladimir Adrien , Nicco Reggente

We are introducing a novel thermodynamic model of emotion. In this model, emotions are regarded as deviations from equilibrium, akin to fluctuations in body temperature. This bipolar regulation maintains bodily and psychological homeostasis while spurring mental development. Emotional regulation typically occurs through expanding one's perception of time. Positive, low-information content emotions can reduce action drive, but stressful, information-rich conditions can heighten it. Therefore, time perception can potentiate the capacity of emotions to motivate. However, time perception accelerates to facilitate fluid action performance, with the state of flow representing a unique state of contentment and challenge. By anchoring psychological processes to the principles of energy and entropy, our model offers a comprehensive bipolar foundation for understanding motivation and behavior. Beyond its theoretical implications, this model also lays the groundwork for addressing mental health conditions resulting from the dysregulation of emotions. It can inspire potential interventions to harness the mind-body connections elucidated by our thermodynamic perspective.

我们正在介绍一种新的情感热力学模型。在这个模型中，情绪被视为偏离平衡，类似于体温的波动。这种双相调节在促进智力发展的同时保持身体和心理的稳态。情绪调节通常是通过扩大一个人对时间的感知来实现的。积极的、信息含量低的情绪会降低行动驱动力，而紧张的、信息丰富的情绪会增强行动驱动力。因此，时间感知可以增强情绪的激励能力。然而，时间感知加速以促进流体动作表现，流状态代表着一种独特的满足和挑战状态。通过将心理过程锚定在能量和熵的原理上，我们的模型为理解动机和行为提供了一个全面的两极基础。除了理论意义之外，该模型还为解决由情绪失调引起的心理健康状况奠定了基础。它可以激发潜在的干预，利用我们的热力学观点所阐明的身心联系。

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引用次数: 0

Presenting a strengths-based ecological model for promoting well-being among LGBTQ+ adults 提出了一个基于优势的生态模型，以促进LGBTQ+成年人的福祉

IF 2.3 3区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

New Ideas in Psychology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.newideapsych.2025.101178

Alexandra Cowand , Konrad Bresin , Nathan R. Todd , Yara Mekawi

Models of LGBTQ+ health demonstrate factors influencing mental and physical health (e.g., unique stressors due to living in a heterosexist and cissexist society). However, current models of LGBTQ+ health do not adequately organize how strengths throughout multiple ecological levels influence the well-being of LGBTQ+ individuals. In this paper, we propose and describe an ecological model of LGBTQ+ strengths impacting the specific health outcome of LGBTQ+ well-being. This model integrates and organizes literature on intersectionality and LGBTQ+ experiences, LGBTQ+ individual well-being outcomes, and LGBTQ+ strengths across ecological levels of individual, interpersonal, organizational, community, and structural. Model strengths, limitations, and applications are discussed.

LGBTQ+健康模型展示了影响心理和身体健康的因素（例如，由于生活在异性恋和异性恋社会中而产生的独特压力源）。然而，目前的LGBTQ+健康模型并没有充分组织跨多个生态水平的优势如何影响LGBTQ+个体的健康。在本文中，我们提出并描述了LGBTQ+优势影响LGBTQ+福祉的特定健康结果的生态模型。该模型整合并组织了有关交叉性和LGBTQ+经验、LGBTQ+个人福祉结果以及LGBTQ+在个人、人际、组织、社区和结构生态层面上的优势的文献。讨论了模型的优点、局限性和应用。

引用次数: 0

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