New Ideas in Psychology最新文献

英文中文

Symbolic elevation theory: How groups gate the ascent of individual understanding 符号提升理论：群体如何限制个人理解的提升

IF 2.9 3区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

New Ideas in Psychology

Pub Date : 2025-11-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.newideapsych.2025.101220

Trym Hansen

This paper introduces Symbolic Elevation Theory (SET), a novel framework for understanding cognitive modulation through symbolic environments. Existing models in psychology and education often attribute suppressed reasoning to emotional inhibition, cognitive overload, or social pressure. SET reframes this suppression as a structural response to symbolic constraints: individuals operate at a group-determined symbolic-cognitive floor, below which shared coherence is maintained and above which symbolic rupture may occur. Latent cognitive capacity remains unrealized unless triggered by trusted inputs in breakout environments that neutralize symbolic risk. The theory models elevation as a stepwise reorganization of internal symbolic structures along a domain-specific Elevation Ladder. It further distinguishes between pre-elevation unawareness and post-elevation suppression, introducing mechanisms such as surface mimicry, selective probing, and symbolic containment to explain behavioral invisibility. The model accounts for mosaic cognition across domains and introduces the concept of symbolic ceilings; the structural limit beyond which elevation can no longer proceed. Together, these constructs offer a predictive and explanatory framework for underperformance in education, group stagnation, and the social invisibility of elevated minds. SET provides a new lens for interpreting cognitive behavior in symbolically constrained environments and proposes structural strategies for unlocking latent reasoning in individuals and systems.

本文介绍了符号提升理论（SET），这是一个理解通过符号环境进行认知调节的新框架。现有的心理学和教育学模型经常将推理抑制归因于情绪抑制、认知超载或社会压力。SET将这种抑制重新定义为对符号约束的结构性反应：个体在群体决定的符号认知层面上运作，在这个层面下，共享的一致性得以维持，在这个层面上，符号断裂可能会发生。潜在的认知能力仍然没有实现，除非在突破环境中被可信的输入触发，从而抵消符号风险。该理论将提升建模为沿着特定领域的提升阶梯逐步重组内部符号结构。它进一步区分了上升前无意识和上升后抑制，引入了表面模仿、选择性探测和符号遏制等机制来解释行为隐身。该模型考虑了跨领域的马赛克认知，并引入了符号天花板的概念；建筑的极限，超过这个极限，建筑就不能继续进行了。总之，这些结构为教育表现不佳、群体停滞和高智商的社会隐蔽性提供了一个预测和解释框架。SET为解释符号约束环境中的认知行为提供了一个新的视角，并提出了解锁个体和系统中潜在推理的结构性策略。

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引用次数: 0

The flawed logic of theory-free natural kind reasoning 无理论自然类推理的错误逻辑

IF 2.9 3区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

New Ideas in Psychology

Pub Date : 2025-11-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.newideapsych.2025.101219

Majid D. Beni

This paper critiques the theory-neutral Natural Kind Reasoning (NKR) in consciousness science. It demonstrates a methodological incompatibility arising from McKilliam's (2024) proposal: deploying Inference to the Best Explanation (IBE) within NKR directly contradicts the aspiration for theory-neutrality. I argue that IBE's inherent reliance on pre-existing theoretical frameworks undermines the possibility of a genuinely theory-neutral methodology for the science of consciousness.

本文对意识科学中理论中立的自然类推理进行了批判。它展示了McKilliam（2024）的提议所产生的方法论上的不兼容性：在NKR中部署最佳解释推理（IBE）直接与理论中立的愿望相矛盾。我认为，IBE对已有理论框架的固有依赖破坏了意识科学真正理论中立方法论的可能性。

引用次数: 0

Alzheimer's disease and suicide association (ASA) theory 阿尔茨海默病与自杀关联（ASA）理论

IF 2.9 3区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

New Ideas in Psychology

Pub Date : 2025-11-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.newideapsych.2025.101218

Juliano Flávio Rubatino Rodrigues, Gerardo Maria de Araújo Filho

Alzheimer's disease still holds many mysteries that are yet to be revealed. Exploring the reasons behind the increase in suicidal behavior in patients undergoing promising treatments for Alzheimer's disease is a scientific endeavor. Research practices must be built upon solid theoretical frameworks that can guide this investigation. Throughout decades of professional experience in caring for suicidal individuals and older adults with cognitive disorders, we have noticed a connection that requires further exploration. It seems that existential distress may trigger various outcomes. At one end of the spectrum, we observe individuals who strongly resist adverse situations, making them more prone to developing suicidal behaviors. At the other end, we see individuals who exert great biological effort to adapt to the ongoing stresses of life, with Alzheimer's disease being a neurological consequence of this adaptation. To develop our understanding, we conducted an existentialist analysis to conceptualize the underpinnings of the human experience in a stress-filled world. Understanding this intriguing question can help in the preventive and therapeutic paths of Alzheimer's disease.

阿尔茨海默病仍有许多未解之谜。探索阿尔茨海默病患者自杀行为增加背后的原因是一项科学努力。研究实践必须建立在坚实的理论框架，可以指导这一调查。根据几十年来护理有自杀倾向的个体和患有认知障碍的老年人的专业经验，我们注意到一种需要进一步探索的联系。似乎存在的痛苦可能会引发各种结果。在光谱的一端，我们观察到那些强烈抵制不利情况的人，这使他们更容易产生自杀行为。另一方面，我们看到人们付出巨大的生物努力来适应生活的持续压力，阿尔茨海默病是这种适应的神经系统后果。为了发展我们的理解，我们进行了一项存在主义分析，以概念化在充满压力的世界中人类体验的基础。了解这个有趣的问题有助于阿尔茨海默病的预防和治疗途径。

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引用次数: 0

Consciousness: The control of quality 意识：质量的控制

IF 2.9 3区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

New Ideas in Psychology

Pub Date : 2025-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.newideapsych.2025.101214

Rupert Young

A novel understanding of consciousness is proposed in this paper by presenting the concept of consciousness as the Control of Perception of Quality (CoPoQ). Traditional theories have often characterized the core of consciousness as information processing, yet they fail to adequately address why consciousness feels the way it does or its functional role in human behavior. This work introduces CoPoQ as a framework that centers on the subjective perception of quality, which encompasses phenomenal experiences, valence, and well-being. Utilizing the principles of Perceptual Control Theory (PCT), the study explores how consciousness functions to regulate the quality of an agent’s interaction with its environment, acting as a dynamic system that continuously reorganizes and optimizes perceptual feedback loops beyond evolutionary constraints to enhance performance and adaptability.

The CoPoQ approach highlights that perception of quality is fundamental to conscious experience providing a crucial motivational role for behavior. It emphasizes the central role of learning in consciousness by controlling and optimizing that perceived quality, proposing that conscious awareness is essential for directing attention and reorganization within the perceptual control hierarchy. However, once the control systems are performing at an optimal level consciousness is no longer necessary or present.

By reframing conscious experience as the control of perception of quality, this paper presents a comprehensive framework that provides deeper insights into conscious awareness, suggesting a pivotal role for consciousness in evaluating and optimizing the quality of interaction between an organism and its environment.

本文提出了意识作为质量感知控制的概念，对意识进行了新的理解。传统理论经常将意识的核心描述为信息处理，但他们未能充分解释为什么意识会有这样的感觉，或者它在人类行为中的功能作用。这项工作将CoPoQ作为一个框架引入，该框架以质量的主观感知为中心，包括现象体验、效价和幸福感。利用感知控制理论（PCT）的原理，本研究探讨了意识如何调节智能体与环境相互作用的质量，作为一个动态系统，它不断地重组和优化超越进化约束的感知反馈回路，以提高性能和适应性。CoPoQ方法强调，对质量的感知是意识体验的基础，为行为提供了至关重要的动机作用。它通过控制和优化感知质量来强调学习在意识中的核心作用，提出意识意识对于在感知控制层次内指导注意力和重组至关重要。然而，一旦控制系统在最佳水平上运行，意识就不再需要或存在了。通过将意识体验重新定义为对质量感知的控制，本文提出了一个全面的框架，为有意识意识提供了更深入的见解，表明意识在评估和优化生物体与其环境之间相互作用的质量方面发挥了关键作用。

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引用次数: 0

Designing for desire: Impact of indoor residential spaces' color on cognitive and sexual sensitivity 为欲望而设计：室内居住空间色彩对认知和性敏感的影响

IF 2.9 3区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

New Ideas in Psychology

Pub Date : 2025-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.newideapsych.2025.101216

Niloofar Khavari Khorasani

This study investigates the influence of residential interior space color on sexual sensitivity and arousal in Iran through the cognition and reaction time toward erotic/neutral stimuli. A task was designed based on the evaluative priming paradigm, and seventy participants volunteered to contribute to this study. Four colors, white, black, red, and blue, in four indoor spaces - bedroom, living room, kitchen, and bathroom - were studied. The first prediction was that red, followed by blue, would have more congruence with erotic stimuli; conversely, the achromatic colors of white and black would have more congruence with neutral stimuli. The results demonstrated that different colors yielded varied outcomes and reaction times. Red was most congruent with erotic stimuli among all colors. Gender was found to have a notable influence on reaction time in all colors, and women were more influenced by their environment. Moreover, the sexual desire score has a significant impact on reaction time across all four colors. These findings provide valuable insights into the complex interplay between interior space colors, cognition, reaction to erotic/neutral stimuli, and possibly sexual arousal.

本研究通过对色情/中性刺激的认知和反应时间，探讨了伊朗居住室内空间色彩对性敏感和性唤起的影响。基于评价启动范式设计了一项任务，70名参与者自愿参与本研究。在四个室内空间——卧室、客厅、厨房和浴室——研究了白、黑、红、蓝四种颜色。第一个预测是，红色，其次是蓝色，与色情刺激更一致；相反，白色和黑色的消色系会与中性刺激更一致。结果表明，不同的颜色会产生不同的结果和反应时间。在所有颜色中，红色与色情刺激最一致。研究发现，性别对所有颜色的反应时间都有显著影响，女性受到环境的影响更大。此外，性欲得分对所有四种颜色的反应时间都有显著影响。这些发现为室内空间颜色、认知、对色情/中性刺激的反应以及可能的性唤起之间的复杂相互作用提供了有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Metaphor as a process of propositional or imagistic source-target interaction: A review of five theories 隐喻是一种命题性或意象性的源-目标互动过程：五种理论综述

IF 2.9 3区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

New Ideas in Psychology

Pub Date : 2025-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.newideapsych.2025.101217

Omid Khatin-Zadeh , Jiehui Hu , Hassan Banaruee

In this paper, we review five influential theories of metaphor and discuss this idea that the process described by each theory can be seen as a source-target propositional or source-target imagistic interaction. Source-target propositional interaction is primarily a symbolic process oriented to suppression, disembodiment, and abstraction, while source-target imagistic interaction is mostly oriented to feature activation, perceptual integration, embodiment, and emergence. Then, we suggest that three factors can affect whether a metaphor is processed through the propositional or the imagistic mode. The first factor is the imageability of elements involved in the metaphor. When both the source domain and the target domain of a metaphor are imageable, the probability of using the imagistic mode is higher. The second factor is comprehender's background knowledge. If a metaphor is conventional for the comprehender or if he/she has detailed information about the nature of relationship between the source domain and the target domain, the probability of using a propositional mode of metaphor processing is higher. The third possible factor is the deliberateness of a metaphor. Deliberate metaphors are more likely to be processed through the imagistic mode than the propositional mode, as mental imagery can support the process of attention shift.

本文回顾了五种有影响的隐喻理论，并讨论了每一种理论所描述的隐喻过程可以看作是源-目标命题或源-目标意象的相互作用。源-目标命题互动主要是一个以压抑、分离和抽象为导向的符号过程，而源-目标意象互动主要是一个以特征激活、知觉整合、具体化和涌现为导向的过程。然后，我们认为有三个因素影响隐喻是通过命题模式还是意象模式进行加工。第一个因素是隐喻所涉及的元素的可想象性。当隐喻的源域和目标域都是可想象的时，使用意象模式的概率更高。第二个因素是理解者的背景知识。如果一个隐喻对理解者来说是常规的，或者如果他/她对源领域和目标领域之间的关系性质有详细的了解，那么他/她使用命题式隐喻处理方式的可能性更高。第三个可能的因素是隐喻的刻意性。刻意隐喻更有可能通过意象模式而不是命题模式被加工，因为心理意象可以支持注意力转移的过程。

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引用次数: 0

“Unseen strategies” what can the experience of Aphantasia teach us about cognitive strategies in memory? “看不见的策略”关于记忆中的认知策略，幻像症的经历能告诉我们什么？

IF 2.9 3区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

New Ideas in Psychology

Pub Date : 2025-10-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.newideapsych.2025.101215

Samuel John Hayes, Gareth Edward Miles, Sarah-Anne Evans

Aphantasia, originally characterised by a deficit in visual mental imagery, has been expanded to included deficits in other modalities of mental imagery e.g., auditory imagery. As these forms of imagery are considered to be key components of memory rehearsal, encoding and recall, Aphantasia has inspired much quantitative research exploring its relationship with memory. A qualitative methodology is employed here to explore compensatory strategies which quantitative findings suggest. Through Thematic Analysis, three subordinate themes are identified (Semantic Reliance, Condensation of Inner Speech, and External Recoding) representing possible compensatory strategies for further investigation in quantitative research. Findings additionally include supporting evidence of memory deficits and refute claims of metacognitive deficits among Aphantasic individuals.

幻像症，最初的特征是视觉心理意象的缺陷，已经扩展到包括其他形式的心理意象的缺陷，例如听觉意象。由于这些形式的意象被认为是记忆排练、编码和回忆的关键组成部分，幻影症激发了许多探索其与记忆关系的定量研究。本文采用定性方法探讨定量研究结果提出的补偿策略。通过主位分析，确定了三个从属主位（语义依赖、内部言语凝聚和外部重新编码），代表了在定量研究中进一步研究的可能补偿策略。研究结果还包括支持记忆缺陷的证据，并反驳了失忆症患者存在元认知缺陷的说法。

引用次数: 0

Emerging adults’ identity and disclosure of ADHD in social relationships 新兴成人ADHD在社会关系中的认同与披露

IF 2.9 3区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

New Ideas in Psychology

Pub Date : 2025-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.newideapsych.2025.101213

Elizabeth Mazur

This exploratory study utilized the concept of embodiment to examine how emerging adults with ADHD decide to disclose or hide their ADHD in social relationships and to what extent these decisions are influenced by perceptions of stigma and disability identity. Thus, the primary purpose of this paper is to study, from their embodied perspective, when and why emerging adults with ADHD disclose their diagnosis in social situations. The findings draw on qualitative data collected by online surveys of 60 emerging adults ages 18 to 29, most from the United States. The research questions were: (a) do emerging adults consider ADHD an important part of their embodied identity? (b) how do they decide to disclose? Participants explained the reasons for and the contextual way they approached disclosure decisions, especially in relationships, and made recommendations for others.

Responses suggest that decisions to disclose their diagnosis are intimately linked to their embodiment of ADHD and perceptions of mental illness stigma. Participants explicitly challenge the idea that they need to communicate consistently about their ADHD. Many expressed awareness of how their behaviors are often embodied differently than others, and this self-perception is part of the disclosure calculus.

Results also highlight Identification with ADHD as an important foreground factor, as almost all participants include ADHD into their identity.

本探索性研究利用体现的概念来研究患有ADHD的新成人如何决定在社会关系中披露或隐藏他们的ADHD，以及这些决定在多大程度上受到耻辱感和残疾身份的影响。因此，本文的主要目的是从他们的具身角度来研究新出现的ADHD成年人何时以及为什么会在社交场合透露他们的诊断。这些发现是根据在线调查收集的定性数据得出的，调查对象是60名年龄在18岁至29岁之间的新兴成年人，其中大多数来自美国。研究的问题是：(a)初出期的成年人是否认为ADHD是他们具体化身份的重要组成部分？（二）他们如何决定披露？参与者解释了他们做出披露决定的原因和具体方式，尤其是在人际关系中，并向其他人提出了建议。回应表明，决定披露他们的诊断与他们的ADHD体现和对精神疾病耻辱的看法密切相关。参与者明确地挑战了他们需要始终如一地就自己的多动症进行沟通的想法。许多人表示，他们意识到自己的行为往往表现得与他人不同，这种自我认知是披露演算的一部分。结果还强调了ADHD的识别是一个重要的前景因素，因为几乎所有的参与者都将ADHD纳入他们的身份。

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引用次数: 0

Probabilistic processing: Possible, probable, or preposterous? A dialectical essay 概率处理：可能的、可能的还是荒谬的？辩证散文

IF 2.9 3区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

New Ideas in Psychology

Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.newideapsych.2025.101212

Leyla Loued-Khenissi , David Pascucci

Does the brain operate probabilistically, or are probabilistic models merely useful tools for approximating brain function? This dialectical essay addresses this foundational question by presenting two opposing viewpoints. The Thesis defends the view that the brain engages in genuine probabilistic inference, drawing on empirical findings from studies of predictive coding in perception and cognition. The Antithesis challenges this view, arguing that the question is ill-posed and warns against conflating abstract computational principles with the intractable complexity of neural processes. In the Synthesis, the authors identify areas of conceptual overlap, highlight persistent theoretical tensions, and emphasize that the central issue is not whether the brain encodes full probability distributions, but how it supports the computations formalized by probabilistic models. This exchange aims to sharpen the terms of the debate and provide a more nuanced perspective on the promise and limits of probabilistic approaches in neuroscience.

大脑是按概率运作的，还是概率模型仅仅是近似大脑功能的有用工具？这篇辩证的文章通过提出两种相反的观点来解决这个基本问题。这篇论文为大脑参与真正的概率推理的观点进行了辩护，借鉴了感知和认知中预测编码研究的经验发现。《反题》挑战了这一观点，认为这个问题是病态的，并警告不要将抽象的计算原理与神经过程的难以处理的复杂性混为一谈。在《综合》一书中，作者指出了概念重叠的领域，强调了持续存在的理论矛盾，并强调核心问题不是大脑是否对全部概率分布进行编码，而是它如何支持由概率模型形式化的计算。这次交流的目的是使辩论更加尖锐，并为神经科学中概率方法的前景和局限性提供更细致入微的视角。

引用次数: 0

Beyond sorrow and terror management Theories: A dual-emotion model of death reflection after mortality salience across cultures and time 超越悲伤和恐惧管理理论：跨文化和时间的死亡突出后死亡反思的双重情感模型

IF 2.9 3区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

New Ideas in Psychology

Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.newideapsych.2025.101211

Chao S. Hu

Confronting mortality fundamentally shapes long-term mental health and overall well-being. However, existing research has largely overlooked how the effects of mortality salience (MS)—the awareness of one's own inevitable death— vary with different cultural values and prolonged death reflection. This paper introduces a novel dual-emotion model, grounded in Terror Management Theory (TMT) and Sorrow Management Theory (SMT), that explicitly incorporates both cultural and temporal dimensions. The model posits that MS triggers two primary emotional responses: an immediate fear of self-annihilation and a sustained sadness over relational loss—with the latter being particularly pronounced in collectivist cultures. While fear fuels initial defensiveness, prolonged contemplation of mortality gives rise to sadness, which in turn fosters meaning-making and strengthens relational bonds. By integrating cross-cultural and temporal dynamics, this framework refines our understanding of MS in existential psychology and challenges universalist assumptions in death anxiety research. Moreover, the paper advocates employing computational modeling to unravel the dynamic interplay among multiple factors—including personal values, self-esteem, and intimate relationships—across diverse cultural contexts, ultimately paving the way for personalized interventions in death education, suicide prevention, end-of-life care, and grief therapy.

面对死亡从根本上影响长期心理健康和整体福祉。然而，现有的研究在很大程度上忽视了死亡显著性（MS）的影响，即意识到自己不可避免的死亡，随着不同的文化价值观和对死亡的长期反思而变化。本文以恐惧管理理论（TMT）和悲伤管理理论（SMT）为基础，提出了一种新的双重情绪模型，明确地结合了文化和时间维度。该模型假设多发性硬化症引发了两种主要的情绪反应：对自我毁灭的直接恐惧和对失去关系的持续悲伤——后者在集体主义文化中尤为明显。虽然恐惧会激发最初的防御，但长时间思考死亡会引发悲伤，而悲伤反过来又会促进意义创造并加强关系纽带。通过整合跨文化和时间动态，该框架完善了我们对存在心理学中MS的理解，并挑战了死亡焦虑研究中的普遍主义假设。此外，本文提倡采用计算模型来揭示多种因素之间的动态相互作用——包括个人价值观、自尊和亲密关系——跨越不同的文化背景，最终为死亡教育、自杀预防、临终关怀和悲伤治疗的个性化干预铺平道路。

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