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“The Second Sentencing”: A Qualitative Exploration of Women Going Up for Parole “二次判决”:女性申请假释的定性探讨
IF 2.5 2区 社会学 Q2 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY
Feminist Criminology
Pub Date : 2022-08-28 DOI: 10.1177/15570851221120357
Kaelyn Sanders
Most prior studies of parole hearings focus on the parole board members’ vantage point rather than the parole-seeking individual. When parole-seeking individuals’ experiences are explored, the research typically uses male samples with few women. Therefore, little is known about parole-seeking women’s experiences. Using a thematic analysis and data from 15 interviews with system-involved women, the current study examines their parole hearing experiences and reflections. Findings contribute to the literature on parole-seeking individuals by explaining women’s feelings throughout the process, the support they receive, and how they prepared for their hearing. The findings inform recommendations for future research and practical implications.
大多数先前对假释听证会的研究都集中在假释委员会成员的有利位置，而不是寻求假释的个人。当研究寻求假释的个人的经历时，该研究通常使用很少女性的男性样本。因此，人们对寻求假释的女性的经历知之甚少。本研究使用主题分析和15次涉及系统的女性访谈的数据，考察了她们的假释听证会经历和反思。研究结果通过解释女性在整个过程中的感受、她们得到的支持以及她们如何为听证会做准备，为寻求假释的个人的文献做出了贡献。这些发现为未来的研究和实际意义提供了建议。
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引用次数: 0
Is the School-To-Prison Pipeline Just for Boys? The Effect of School Punishment Across Gender 从学校到监狱的管道只适用于男孩吗?学校惩罚的跨性别影响
IF 2.5 2区 社会学 Q2 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY
Feminist Criminology
Pub Date : 2022-08-03 DOI: 10.1177/15570851221115853
Racheal Pesta
Boys are overrepresented in school punishment, dropout, and delinquency setting them on a path towards criminal offending. There is limited research on the effect of school punishment among females and if that effect varies across gender. Informed by a labeling perspective, this study examines the effect of exclusionary discipline on dropout, delinquency, and criminal offending among males and females. Special attention is paid to the role of school bonding as a potential gendered mechanism that protects female students from negative outcomes associated with school punishment. Results suggest both similarities and differences in the effect of exclusionary discipline across gender.
男孩在学校惩罚、辍学和犯罪中的比例过高，这使他们走上了犯罪的道路。关于学校惩罚对女性的影响以及这种影响是否因性别而异的研究有限。本研究从标签的角度考察了排斥性纪律对男性和女性辍学、犯罪和刑事犯罪的影响。学校纽带作为一种潜在的性别机制，保护女学生免受学校惩罚带来的负面后果，其作用受到了特别关注。研究结果表明，排斥性纪律在不同性别之间的效果既有相似之处，也有不同之处。
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引用次数: 0
Gender-Responsive Needs and Vulnerabilities Among Incarcerated Mothers in Japan: Comparisons With Non-Mothers and Fathers 日本被监禁母亲的性别需求和脆弱性:与非母亲和父亲的比较
IF 2.5 2区 社会学 Q2 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY
Feminist Criminology
Pub Date : 2022-07-08 DOI: 10.1177/15570851221112699
Ayako Sasaki, Akemi Mochizuki, Daiki Yoshihara
This study examined the gender-responsive needs and vulnerabilities associated with motherhood among the incarcerated population in Japan. Upon analyzing data of a national survey of the incarcerated population (338 women and 364 men), the results indicated that, compared with non-mothers and fathers, incarcerated mothers had greater needs and vulnerabilities in such areas as socioeconomic status, drug addiction and childhood adversities, which may be affected by their dual status as being a woman and being a mother. Implications are discussed, including the need for comprehensive gender-responsive treatment with a rehabilitative and trauma-informed approach in the context of parenting in prison settings.
这项研究调查了日本被监禁人口中对性别问题有敏感认识的需求和与母性相关的脆弱性。通过分析一项针对被监禁人口（338名女性和364名男性）的全国调查数据，结果表明，与非母亲和父亲相比，被监禁的母亲在社会经济地位、毒瘾和童年逆境等领域有更大的需求和脆弱性，这可能会受到她们作为女性和母亲的双重身份的影响。讨论了影响，包括在监狱环境中养育子女的背景下，需要采用康复和创伤知情的方法进行全面的性别敏感治疗。
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引用次数: 2
Re-Conceptualizing Success: Investigating Specialized Units Responses to the Sexual Trafficking of Female Victim-Survivors 重新定义成功:调查专门单位对女性受害者-幸存者的性贩运的反应
IF 2.5 2区 社会学 Q2 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY
Feminist Criminology
Pub Date : 2022-07-08 DOI: 10.1177/15570851221114396
Dale Ballucci, Felicia Stathakis
This paper explores police officers’ experiences working in a specialized human trafficking unit in Canada to identify challenges, strategies, and responses to working with victim-survivors. Analyzing data from semi-structured interviews, we find that officers deploy victim-centered responses reflecting procedural justice outcomes due to their awareness that the criminal justice process often re-victimizes. Officers’ deployment of procedural justice acknowledges the victim-survivor trauma, but also allows them to build a stronger case through evidence gathering, increasing the potential for charges and convictions, also known as distributive justice. We argue that this illustrates that these two approaches to justice are interdependent.
本文探讨了警察在加拿大一个专门的人口贩运部门工作的经验，以确定与受害者-幸存者合作的挑战、策略和应对措施。通过分析半结构化访谈的数据，我们发现，由于警察意识到刑事司法过程经常会再次伤害受害者，因此他们采用以受害者为中心的回应来反映程序正义的结果。警察运用程序正义承认了受害者-幸存者的创伤，但也允许他们通过证据收集建立一个更有力的案件，增加了指控和定罪的可能性，也被称为分配正义。我们认为，这说明这两种司法途径是相互依存的。
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引用次数: 0
Individuals With Mental Illnesses on Probation: The Intersection of Trauma, Race, and Gender 缓刑期精神疾病患者：创伤、种族和性别的交叉
IF 2.5 2区 社会学 Q2 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY
Feminist Criminology
Pub Date : 2022-07-07 DOI: 10.1177/15570851221112926
Ashley D. Givens, Andrea Murray-Lichtman, Tonya B. Van Deinse, MacKenzie L. Dallenbach, Mariah Cowell Mercier, E. Lowder, Gary S. Cuddeback
Little research exists about PTSD and traumatic experiences among justice-involved individuals with mental illnesses and how those experiences differ by race and gender. We examined traumatic experiences and PTSD among 187 individuals with serious mental illnesses on probation in the United States: 94% of participants experienced a traumatic event, rates of PTSD were highest among Black women (p < .001), and rates of sexual assault were highest among White women (p < .001). Justice-involved individuals with mental illnesses have complex needs and an elevated risk of PTSD and exposure to traumatic events, which has implications for probation policy and practice.
很少有研究涉及患有精神疾病的司法人员的创伤后应激障碍和创伤经历，以及这些经历如何因种族和性别而不同。我们调查了美国187名缓刑期严重精神疾病患者的创伤经历和创伤后应激障碍：94%的参与者经历过创伤事件，黑人女性的创伤后应激功能障碍发生率最高（p<.001），白人女性的性侵犯率最高（p＜0.001）。涉及司法的精神疾病患者有复杂的需求，患创伤后应激障碍和暴露于创伤事件的风险较高，这对缓刑政策和实践有影响。
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引用次数: 0
Campus Sexual Harassment, Other Violence, and Racism, Oh my! Evidence From Black Women Undergraduates for a Culturally Competent University Approach to Title IX. 校园性骚扰、其他暴力和种族主义，天哪!来自黑人女大学生的证据:一种文化上有竞争力的大学方法来处理第九条。
IF 2.5 2区 社会学 Q2 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY
Feminist Criminology
Pub Date : 2022-07-01 Epub Date: 2022-01-31 DOI: 10.1177/15570851211062574
Jennifer M Gómez

Relevant for Title IX federal legislation, the purpose of the current study is to examine cultural betrayal (within-group perpetrator) and sexual harassment (SH) with other violence and racial discrimination on Black women undergraduates' mental health. In a 60-minute online study (N = 162), over 50% experienced campus SH and other violence and/or racial discrimination, with multi-victimization being related to anxiety and other mental health outcomes. Cultural betrayal SH did not predict mental health when controlling for between-group SH. Implications include the 2019 Critical-Interdisciplinary Sexual Violence Research Summit's comprehensive research agenda: Intersectional Approaches, Perpetration, Communications, Beyond Policy, and Sexual Violence and Equity.

与第九章联邦立法相关，本研究的目的是研究文化背叛(群体内犯罪者)和性骚扰(SH)与其他暴力和种族歧视对黑人女大学生心理健康的影响。在一项60分钟的在线研究中(N = 162)，超过50%的人经历过校园暴力和其他暴力和/或种族歧视，多重受害者与焦虑和其他心理健康结果有关。在控制组间SH时，文化背叛SH不能预测心理健康。影响包括2019年关键跨学科性暴力研究峰会的综合研究议程:交叉方法，犯罪，沟通，超越政策，性暴力与公平。
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引用次数: 4
Severe and Pervasive? Consequences of Sexual Harassment for Graduate Students and their Title IX Report Outcomes 严重和普遍？研究生性骚扰的后果及其第九篇报告结果
IF 2.5 2区 社会学 Q2 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY
Feminist Criminology
Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.1177/15570851211062579
Allison E. Cipriano, Kathryn J. Holland, Nicole Bedera, Sarah R. Eagan, Alex Diede
Sexual harassment of graduate students is prevalent, yet little is known about their experiences reporting sexual harassment to their university. We conducted interviews with 32 graduate students who reported sexual harassment to Title IX to understand how survivors’ experiences of harassment align with report outcomes. Nearly all participants experienced severe, education-limiting consequences of the harassment and reported to ensure safety and restore educational access. Most reports were deemed unactionable and findings of responsibility were rare, demonstrating a disconnect between survivors’ experiences and Title IX outcomes. Our analysis suggests that Title IX practitioners rely on notions of “severity” rather than harassment consequences.
研究生的性骚扰很普遍，但他们向学校报告性骚扰的经历却鲜为人知。我们采访了32名向第九条报告性骚扰的研究生，以了解幸存者的性骚扰经历如何与报告结果相一致。几乎所有参与者都经历了严重的、限制教育的骚扰后果，并报告说要确保安全和恢复教育机会。大多数报告被认为是不可行的，责任的发现很少，这表明幸存者的经历与第九条的结果之间存在脱节。我们的分析表明，第九条从业者依赖于“严重性”的概念，而不是骚扰后果。
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引用次数: 12
“Terrifying and Exhausting”: Secondary Victimization in Title IX Proceedings at U.S. Higher Education Institutions “可怕和累人”:美国高等教育机构第九条诉讼中的二次受害者
IF 2.5 2区 社会学 Q2 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY
Feminist Criminology
Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.1177/15570851221105853
Amelia Roskin-Frazee
Students at United States colleges and universities increasingly turn to campus Title IX processes to address sexual violence, but little research exists on the emotional fallout of Title IX processes and student perceptions of process bias. This paper presents an analysis of 72 responses to a 2021 survey of Title IX process complainants and respondents at higher education institutions. While students on both sides of Title IX processes experienced negative emotions, complainants often minimized these experiences while respondents emphasized them. This form of comparative secondary victimization risks further marginalizing complainant voices at higher education institutions.
美国高校的学生越来越多地求助于校园第九条程序来解决性暴力问题，但关于第九条程序的情感影响和学生对程序偏见的看法的研究很少。本文分析了2021年对高等教育机构第九条程序投诉人和受访者的调查的72个回应。虽然第九条过程双方的学生都经历了负面情绪，但投诉人往往将这些经历最小化，而受访者则强调这些经历。这种形式的相对二次受害有可能使高等教育机构的申诉声音进一步边缘化。
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引用次数: 0
Thank you to our reviewers of 2021 感谢我们2021年的审稿人
IF 2.5 2区 社会学 Q2 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY
Feminist Criminology
Pub Date : 2022-06-15 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-022-04091-9
L. Vago
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引用次数: 0
The Effects of the Fair Sentencing Act 2010 on Sentencing Outcomes for Females Convicted of Cocaine Offenses 2010年《公平量刑法》对被判犯有可卡因罪的女性量刑结果的影响
IF 2.5 2区 社会学 Q2 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY
Feminist Criminology
Pub Date : 2022-05-22 DOI: 10.1177/15570851221098034
Makeela J. Wells
Initiatives have been implemented to reduce the federal sentencing disparity between crack and powder cocaine offenses. The current study investigated the impact of the Fair Sentencing Act 2010 (FSA) on sentencing outcomes for females convicted of federal cocaine offenses. Specifically, the study examined the influence of race, ethnicity, and drug-related factors on presentence detention, downward departures, and sentence length before and after FSA. Using federal sentencing data, results revealed a substantial decrease in the number of crack cocaine offenses and average sentence length after FSA. Additionally, results revealed that there were racial and ethnic differences in sentencing outcomes.
已经实施了一些举措，以减少联邦对快克可卡因和粉末可卡因犯罪的判刑差距。目前的研究调查了2010年公平量刑法(FSA)对被判犯有联邦可卡因罪的女性量刑结果的影响。具体而言，该研究考察了种族、民族和毒品相关因素对FSA前后在押拘留、向下离开和刑期长短的影响。使用联邦量刑数据，结果显示，在FSA之后，快克可卡因犯罪的数量和平均刑期大幅减少。此外，结果显示，在量刑结果上存在种族和民族差异。
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