Previous studies have suggested that higher moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and lower sedentary behavior (SB) are linked to improved health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in children and adolescents. However, the link between light-intensity physical activity (LPA) and HRQoL remains unclear. This study examined the longitudinal association between LPA and HRQoL among students from fourth (aged 9–10) through eighth (aged 13–14) grade, considering the roles of MVPA and SB.
Methods
This five-year longitudinal study was conducted annually at private primary and secondary schools. Sixty-three primary school students (56 % girls) participated at baseline. LPA, MVPA, and SB were measured using a triaxial accelerometer, and HRQoL was assessed using the Japanese Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory. Data were analyzed using multilevel modeling with an exploratory approach.
Results
A negative association was observed between time-varying LPA and HRQoL scores, including the total scale (p = .040), psychosocial health summary (p = .032), and an emotional subscale (p = .013). A positive association was also observed between time-varying SB and the psychosocial health summary (p = .038) and its emotional subscale (p = .038). No association was found between MVPA and HRQoL. However, no association remained significant after false discovery rate (FDR) correction.
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that during the transition from primary to secondary school, students with decreased LPA and increased SB may experience improvements in HRQoL. As none of the associations remained significant after FDR correction, these findings should be interpreted with caution and considered hypothesis-generating.
{"title":"Association between light-intensity physical activity and health-related quality of life among students aged 9–14 years: A 5-year longitudinal assessment","authors":"Kanzo Okazaki , Shunta Maeda , Yuzo Koyama , Kazunori Ohkawara","doi":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2025.100705","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2025.100705","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Previous studies have suggested that higher moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and lower sedentary behavior (SB) are linked to improved health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in children and adolescents. However, the link between light-intensity physical activity (LPA) and HRQoL remains unclear. This study examined the longitudinal association between LPA and HRQoL among students from fourth (aged 9–10) through eighth (aged 13–14) grade, considering the roles of MVPA and SB.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This five-year longitudinal study was conducted annually at private primary and secondary schools. Sixty-three primary school students (56 % girls) participated at baseline. LPA, MVPA, and SB were measured using a triaxial accelerometer, and HRQoL was assessed using the Japanese Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory. Data were analyzed using multilevel modeling with an exploratory approach.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A negative association was observed between time-varying LPA and HRQoL scores, including the total scale (<em>p</em> = .040), psychosocial health summary (<em>p</em> = .032), and an emotional subscale (<em>p</em> = .013). A positive association was also observed between time-varying SB and the psychosocial health summary (<em>p</em> = .038) and its emotional subscale (<em>p</em> = .038). No association was found between MVPA and HRQoL. However, no association remained significant after false discovery rate (FDR) correction.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our findings suggest that during the transition from primary to secondary school, students with decreased LPA and increased SB may experience improvements in HRQoL. As none of the associations remained significant after FDR correction, these findings should be interpreted with caution and considered hypothesis-generating.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51589,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health and Physical Activity","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100705"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144572202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-27DOI: 10.1016/j.mhpa.2025.100704
Daniel A.R. Cabral , Dongshi Wang , Nora L. Nock , Bruno Malagodi , Karam Nusair , Ghada Nusair , Marcelo Bigliassi , Zacarya Elbash , Kell Grandjean da Costa , Eduardo Fontes , Garrett J. Posey , Vagner D.O. Tavares
Background and aims
Physical activity (PA) has been found to improve cognitive functions, which are often impaired in people with substance use disorders (SUD). These effects may be due to increased blood flow and oxygenation to the prefrontal cortex (PFC). However, results have been equivocal. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize the current literature on acute exercise on PFC oxygenation, as measured by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), in individuals with SUD.
Methods
The review identified 13 studies comprising 457 individuals with SUD that examined the effects of acute exercise on PFC oxygenation with fNIRS. The meta-analysis included 7 studies (12 effect sizes) and evaluated the effects of acute exercise on changes in oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO) and deoxygenated hemoglobin (HHb) (pre vs. post exercise).
Results
Most studies were of poor quality (high or moderate risk of bias), and there was high heterogeneity related to exercise type (e.g., aerobic), intensity, and designs. The meta-analysis for HbO revealed that the summary effect was not statistically significant (g = −0.59; 95 %CI: [-3.04, 1.85]) and there was substantial heterogeneity (I2 = 97.64 %, p < 0.001). For HHb, the summary effect size was not statistically significant (g = 0.003; 95 % CI: [-0.96, 0.95]), and heterogeneity was high (I2 = 78.12 %, p = 0.002). Subgroup analyses revealed no statistically significant differences based on exercise intensity.
Conclusion
Future research should focus on high-quality randomized trials with crossover designs. In addition to the effects of chronic exercise interventions, which have not been well explored, may lead to more substantive changes in PFC oxygenation and, hence, larger effect sizes.
研究发现，身体活动（PA）可以改善认知功能，而认知功能通常在物质使用障碍（SUD）患者中受损。这些影响可能是由于前额皮质（PFC）的血流量和氧合增加。然而，结果是模棱两可的。本系统综述和荟萃分析旨在综合目前关于急性运动对心力衰竭患者PFC氧合的影响的文献，通过功能近红外光谱（fNIRS）测量。方法本综述确定了13项研究，包括457名SUD患者，用fNIRS检测急性运动对PFC氧合的影响。荟萃分析包括7项研究（12个效应大小），并评估急性运动对氧合血红蛋白（HbO）和脱氧血红蛋白（hbb）变化的影响（运动前与运动后）。结果大多数研究质量较差（高或中等偏倚风险），并且在运动类型（如有氧）、强度和设计方面存在高度异质性。HbO的荟萃分析显示，总结效应无统计学意义(g = - 0.59；95% CI:[-3.04, 1.85])，且存在显著异质性(I2 = 97.64%, p <；0.001)。对于hbb，总效应大小无统计学意义(g = 0.003；95%置信区间:[-0.96,0.95]),异质性高(I2 = 78.12%, p = 0.002)。亚组分析显示，基于运动强度的差异无统计学意义。结论今后的研究应以高质量的随机试验为主，采用交叉设计。此外，长期运动干预的影响尚未得到很好的探索，可能会导致PFC氧合发生更实质性的变化，因此，效应规模更大。
{"title":"Effects of acute exercise on prefrontal cortex oxygenation in substance use disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis of fNIRS studies","authors":"Daniel A.R. Cabral , Dongshi Wang , Nora L. Nock , Bruno Malagodi , Karam Nusair , Ghada Nusair , Marcelo Bigliassi , Zacarya Elbash , Kell Grandjean da Costa , Eduardo Fontes , Garrett J. Posey , Vagner D.O. Tavares","doi":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2025.100704","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2025.100704","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Physical activity (PA) has been found to improve cognitive functions, which are often impaired in people with substance use disorders (SUD). These effects may be due to increased blood flow and oxygenation to the prefrontal cortex (PFC). However, results have been equivocal. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize the current literature on acute exercise on PFC oxygenation, as measured by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), in individuals with SUD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The review identified 13 studies comprising 457 individuals with SUD that examined the effects of acute exercise on PFC oxygenation with fNIRS. The meta-analysis included 7 studies (12 effect sizes) and evaluated the effects of acute exercise on changes in oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO) and deoxygenated hemoglobin (HHb) (pre vs. post exercise).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Most studies were of poor quality (high or moderate risk of bias), and there was high heterogeneity related to exercise type (e.g., aerobic), intensity, and designs. The meta-analysis for HbO revealed that the summary effect was not statistically significant (<em>g</em> = −0.59; 95 %CI: [-3.04, 1.85]) and there was substantial heterogeneity (I<sup>2</sup> = 97.64 %, p < 0.001). For HHb, the summary effect size was not statistically significant (<em>g</em> = 0.003; 95 % CI: [-0.96, 0.95]), and heterogeneity was high (I<sup>2</sup> = 78.12 %, p = 0.002). Subgroup analyses revealed no statistically significant differences based on exercise intensity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Future research should focus on high-quality randomized trials with crossover designs. In addition to the effects of chronic exercise interventions, which have not been well explored, may lead to more substantive changes in PFC oxygenation and, hence, larger effect sizes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51589,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health and Physical Activity","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100704"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144535927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-20DOI: 10.1016/j.mhpa.2025.100702
Dehua Gong, Seung-Soo Baek
Objective
This study aimed to examine the longitudinal associations between physical activity trajectories and cognitive function among Chinese men aged 50 years and older.
Methods
Data were obtained from 2535 male participants aged 50 and above in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2011–2020). Physical activity levels (MET-min/week) were measured across five waves. Group-based trajectory modeling identified three distinct patterns: persistently high (n = 1322), moderate-increasing (n = 575), and low-increasing (n = 638). Cognitive function was assessed using standardized tools, including a word recall test for episodic memory, and orientation, serial subtraction, and figure-drawing tasks for mental intactness. Linear mixed-effects models were employed to examine associations between physical activity trajectories and cognitive outcomes, incorporating trajectory × time interaction terms and performing age-stratified analyses.
Results
Participants in the low-increasing group exhibited significantly better global cognitive function (β = 0.42, 95 % CI: 0.09–0.75) and mental intactness (β = 0.30, 95 % CI: 0.14–0.47). The moderate-increasing group was also significantly associated with higher mental intactness (β = 0.27, 95 % CI: 0.09–0.45). Interaction analyses indicated that both the low- and moderate-increasing groups had a slower rate of cognitive decline over time, especially in episodic memory. These protective associations reached statistical significance only among participants aged 50–59 years.
Conclusion
Among men aged 50 years and older, low and moderate-increasing physical activity trajectories were associated with better cognitive performance and slower cognitive decline. These benefits were most pronounced in mental intactness and episodic memory among those aged 50–59 years.
{"title":"Associations between physical activity trajectories and cognitive function in men aged 50 years and older: A 10-year longitudinal cohort study","authors":"Dehua Gong, Seung-Soo Baek","doi":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2025.100702","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2025.100702","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to examine the longitudinal associations between physical activity trajectories and cognitive function among Chinese men aged 50 years and older.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were obtained from 2535 male participants aged 50 and above in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2011–2020). Physical activity levels (MET-min/week) were measured across five waves. Group-based trajectory modeling identified three distinct patterns: persistently high (n = 1322), moderate-increasing (n = 575), and low-increasing (n = 638). Cognitive function was assessed using standardized tools, including a word recall test for episodic memory, and orientation, serial subtraction, and figure-drawing tasks for mental intactness. Linear mixed-effects models were employed to examine associations between physical activity trajectories and cognitive outcomes, incorporating trajectory × time interaction terms and performing age-stratified analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participants in the low-increasing group exhibited significantly better global cognitive function (β = 0.42, 95 % CI: 0.09–0.75) and mental intactness (β = 0.30, 95 % CI: 0.14–0.47). The moderate-increasing group was also significantly associated with higher mental intactness (β = 0.27, 95 % CI: 0.09–0.45). Interaction analyses indicated that both the low- and moderate-increasing groups had a slower rate of cognitive decline over time, especially in episodic memory. These protective associations reached statistical significance only among participants aged 50–59 years.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Among men aged 50 years and older, low and moderate-increasing physical activity trajectories were associated with better cognitive performance and slower cognitive decline. These benefits were most pronounced in mental intactness and episodic memory among those aged 50–59 years.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51589,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health and Physical Activity","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100702"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144490516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-19DOI: 10.1016/j.mhpa.2025.100703
Giada Ferrara , Alice Masini , Gabriele Mascherini
Background
A growing body of evidence demonstrates the positive relationship between physical activity and executive function in children.
Aims
This study aimed to examine the time course of the effectiveness of active breaks (ABs) in enhancing attention levels among second-grade primary school children compared to traditional teaching methods over a three-month period.
Methods
Parents/guardians and teachers of both the experimental group (EG) and the control group (CG) completed a questionnaire assessing the psychometric characteristics of the sample. The EG participated in daily 10-min active breaks for three months, while the CG followed regular teaching methods. Selective attention (SeA, at 30 s) and sustained attention (SuA, at 120 s) were assessed at baseline and monthly (T0, T1, T2, and T3).
Results
The EG consisted of 17 children (8.42 ± 0.39 years, 10 females), while the CG included 18 children (8.37 ± 0.42 years, 11 females). The EG generally exhibited higher psychometric scores, although teacher and parent perceptions varied in both groups. SeA levels improved significantly in both groups overtime, but EG demonstrated greater improvements, particularly three months after the introduction of active breaks (p < 0.001). A similar trend also for SuA (p < 0.001). A huge effect size shows larger increases during the third month for both SeA (ES = 1.97) and SuA (ES = 1.46) in favor of EG.
Conclusions
Active breaks positively influenced both SeA and SuA. Their effectiveness increased over time, suggesting that a minimum duration of three months is necessary to achieve significant benefits compared to traditional teaching methods in primary education.
{"title":"A short-medium time point evaluation of active breaks on selective and sustained attention in primary school: a pilot quasi-experimental study","authors":"Giada Ferrara , Alice Masini , Gabriele Mascherini","doi":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2025.100703","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2025.100703","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>A growing body of evidence demonstrates the positive relationship between physical activity and executive function in children.</div></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><div>This study aimed to examine the time course of the effectiveness of active breaks (ABs) in enhancing attention levels among second-grade primary school children compared to traditional teaching methods over a three-month period.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Parents/guardians and teachers of both the experimental group (EG) and the control group (CG) completed a questionnaire assessing the psychometric characteristics of the sample. The EG participated in daily 10-min active breaks for three months, while the CG followed regular teaching methods. Selective attention (SeA, at 30 s) and sustained attention (SuA, at 120 s) were assessed at baseline and monthly (T0, T1, T2, and T3).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The EG consisted of 17 children (8.42 ± 0.39 years, 10 females), while the CG included 18 children (8.37 ± 0.42 years, 11 females). The EG generally exhibited higher psychometric scores, although teacher and parent perceptions varied in both groups. SeA levels improved significantly in both groups overtime, but EG demonstrated greater improvements, particularly three months after the introduction of active breaks (p < 0.001). A similar trend also for SuA (p < 0.001). A huge effect size shows larger increases during the third month for both SeA (ES = 1.97) and SuA (ES = 1.46) in favor of EG.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Active breaks positively influenced both SeA and SuA. Their effectiveness increased over time, suggesting that a minimum duration of three months is necessary to achieve significant benefits compared to traditional teaching methods in primary education.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51589,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health and Physical Activity","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100703"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144335688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-19DOI: 10.1016/j.mhpa.2025.100701
Simon Rosenbaum , Anna Farello , Kathleen Latimer , Davy Vancampfort , Peter Ventevogel , Justin Richards , Ajwang' Warria , Alastair Ager , Maria Bray , Leslie Snider , Sabrina Hermosilla , Jadranka Stikovac Clark , Jojo Ferris , Gülşah Kurt
Physical activity (PA) and sport are increasingly recognized as integral parts of mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) programming within humanitarian response, for people affected by forced displacement. Nonetheless, the programming and implementation of physical activity within MHPSS responses remains inconsistent and largely ad hoc. In this Short Communication, our team of multidisciplinary authors including academics, and practitioners from disciplines of psychiatry, psychology, physical therapy and sport for development, examine the implementation of sport and PA more broadly, across each layer of the Inter Agency Standing Committee (IASC) MHPSS Pyramid. We demonstrate how PA can be implemented at each layer, to improve MHPSS outcomes in humanitarian settings. We outline examples of how PA is being implemented across the IASC MHPSS pyramid, from ensuring access to inclusive and enabling environments (Layer 1), to strengthening participation in community-based PA and sport initiatives (Layer 2), delivering targeted programs with intentional mental health outcomes (Layer 3), and providing specialized physical activity promotion within clinical mental health services (Layer 4). This Short Communication provides guidance for humanitarian actors on integrating sport and PA across each layer of the IASC MHPSS pyramid.
{"title":"Implementing sport and physical activity across each layer of the mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) pyramid for populations affected by displacement","authors":"Simon Rosenbaum , Anna Farello , Kathleen Latimer , Davy Vancampfort , Peter Ventevogel , Justin Richards , Ajwang' Warria , Alastair Ager , Maria Bray , Leslie Snider , Sabrina Hermosilla , Jadranka Stikovac Clark , Jojo Ferris , Gülşah Kurt","doi":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2025.100701","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2025.100701","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Physical activity (PA) and sport are increasingly recognized as integral parts of mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) programming within humanitarian response, for people affected by forced displacement. Nonetheless, the programming and implementation of physical activity within MHPSS responses remains inconsistent and largely ad hoc. In this Short Communication, our team of multidisciplinary authors including academics, and practitioners from disciplines of psychiatry, psychology, physical therapy and sport for development, examine the implementation of sport and PA more broadly, across each layer of the Inter Agency Standing Committee (IASC) MHPSS Pyramid. We demonstrate how PA can be implemented at each layer, to improve MHPSS outcomes in humanitarian settings. We outline examples of how PA is being implemented across the IASC MHPSS pyramid, from ensuring access to inclusive and enabling environments (Layer 1), to strengthening participation in community-based PA and sport initiatives (Layer 2), delivering targeted programs with intentional mental health outcomes (Layer 3), and providing specialized physical activity promotion within clinical mental health services (Layer 4). This Short Communication provides guidance for humanitarian actors on integrating sport and PA across each layer of the IASC MHPSS pyramid.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51589,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health and Physical Activity","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100701"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144490587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Physical activity is linked to improved affective well-being in individuals with depression, but its effects in day hospital settings have not been studied yet.
Methods
Thirty-two patients (Mage = 39.09, SD = 13.49; 46.9 % females) completed baseline questionnaires and a 14-day survey using the Experience Sampling Method (ESM) via a mobile app to report on affective states and physical activity, resulting in 1574 observations. Wrist accelerometers measured physical activity objectively during this period.
Results
Both subjective and objective physical activity were positively associated with positive affect, irrespective of patient characteristics such as age, gender, BMI, baseline depression severity, the presence of additional somatic diagnoses, antidepressant use, and whether measurements were taken on weekdays in day hospital care or on weekends when patients were at home.
Conclusion
Physical activity is associated with momentary improvements in positive affect in day hospital patients, independent of patient characteristics. Future research should investigate the role of these effects for longer-term improvement in depressive symptoms and study contextual influences, such as indoor versus outdoor activity.
{"title":"Physical activity is associated with subsequent affective well-being in day hospital patients with a diagnosis of depression: A combined ecological momentary assessment and accelerometry study","authors":"Usama EL-Awad , Justin Hachenberger , Udo Schneider , Sakari Lemola","doi":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2025.100700","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2025.100700","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Physical activity is linked to improved affective well-being in individuals with depression, but its effects in day hospital settings have not been studied yet.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Thirty-two patients (<em>M</em><sub>age</sub> = 39.09, <em>SD</em> = 13.49; 46.9 % females) completed baseline questionnaires and a 14-day survey using the Experience Sampling Method (ESM) via a mobile app to report on affective states and physical activity, resulting in 1574 observations. Wrist accelerometers measured physical activity objectively during this period.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Both subjective and objective physical activity were positively associated with positive affect, irrespective of patient characteristics such as age, gender, BMI, baseline depression severity, the presence of additional somatic diagnoses, antidepressant use, and whether measurements were taken on weekdays in day hospital care or on weekends when patients were at home.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Physical activity is associated with momentary improvements in positive affect in day hospital patients, independent of patient characteristics. Future research should investigate the role of these effects for longer-term improvement in depressive symptoms and study contextual influences, such as indoor versus outdoor activity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51589,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health and Physical Activity","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100700"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144312654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-04DOI: 10.1016/j.mhpa.2025.100699
Charlie Schillemans , Stynke Castelein , Kirsty Lynn de Vreede , Harm Jan Rogier Hoenders , Sanne Henrieke Booij
Background and aims
Moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior are important factors for somatic and mental health. However, less than half of the people with mental illness (MI) complies with the norms for physical activity. For improving their physical activity with interventions, accurate measurement methods are essential. Actigraphy and diaries are used to measure physical activity in people with a MI, but little is known about how they compare in this group. This study investigates the agreement between actigraphy and daily diaries for assessing MVPA and sedentary behavior in people with a MI.
Methods
As part of a pilot-RCT on a lifestyle intervention, twenty transdiagnostic outpatients wore actigraphy and filled in evening diaries for 2 × 14 days (before/after intervention period) (t = 429 paired observations), measuring daily minutes of MVPA and sedentary time. A mixed-model limits of agreement (LoA) method was used to calculate the mean bias between the measurement methods, which was compared to the clinical accepted difference (MVPA: 10 min, sedentary time: 60 min). Bland-Altman plots were examined on patterns.
Results
The mean bias between actigraphy and diaries was −29 min (95 % LoA −122 to 64) for MVPA and −165 min (95 % LoA −584 to 253) for sedentary time; diaries underreported more than clinically acceptable compared to actigraphy. Post-hoc analysis indicated that the bias differed between volume levels.
Conclusions
Actigraphy and daily diaries appear incomparable in MI. Follow-up research is needed to uncover the nature of these differences and ways to overcome them. Until then, it is recommendable to use both.
背景与目的中高强度体力活动（MVPA）和久坐行为是影响身心健康的重要因素。然而，只有不到一半的精神疾病患者（MI）遵守了身体活动的规范。为了通过干预措施改善他们的身体活动，精确的测量方法至关重要。活动记录仪和日记被用来测量心肌梗死患者的身体活动，但人们对它们在这一组中的比较情况知之甚少。方法作为一项生活方式干预的随机对照试验的一部分，20名跨诊断门诊患者在干预前/后2 × 14天（t = 429对观察）佩戴活动记录仪并填写夜间日记，测量每日MVPA分钟数和久坐时间。采用混合模型一致限（LoA）法计算测量方法之间的平均偏差，并将其与临床可接受差异（MVPA: 10 min，久坐时间：60 min）进行比较。Bland-Altman图在模式上进行检验。结果活动记录仪和日记的平均偏差MVPA为- 29 min (95% LoA - 122 ~ 64)，久坐时间为- 165 min (95% LoA - 584 ~ 253)；与活动描记术相比，日记少报多于临床可接受的。事后分析表明，不同音量水平的偏倚有所不同。结论在心肌梗死中，活动记录仪和日常日记似乎是不可比拟的，需要进一步的研究来揭示这些差异的本质和克服它们的方法。在此之前，建议两者都使用。
{"title":"Assessing physical activity and sedentary behavior in people with mental Illnesses: Do actigraphy and daily self-report measures agree?","authors":"Charlie Schillemans , Stynke Castelein , Kirsty Lynn de Vreede , Harm Jan Rogier Hoenders , Sanne Henrieke Booij","doi":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2025.100699","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2025.100699","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior are important factors for somatic and mental health. However, less than half of the people with mental illness (MI) complies with the norms for physical activity. For improving their physical activity with interventions, accurate measurement methods are essential. Actigraphy and diaries are used to measure physical activity in people with a MI, but little is known about how they compare in this group. This study investigates the agreement between actigraphy and daily diaries for assessing MVPA and sedentary behavior in people with a MI.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>As part of a pilot-RCT on a lifestyle intervention, twenty transdiagnostic outpatients wore actigraphy and filled in evening diaries for 2 × 14 days (before/after intervention period) (t = 429 paired observations), measuring daily minutes of MVPA and sedentary time. A mixed-model limits of agreement (LoA) method was used to calculate the mean bias between the measurement methods, which was compared to the clinical accepted difference (MVPA: 10 min, sedentary time: 60 min). Bland-Altman plots were examined on patterns.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean bias between actigraphy and diaries was −29 min (95 % LoA −122 to 64) for MVPA and −165 min (95 % LoA −584 to 253) for sedentary time; diaries underreported more than clinically acceptable compared to actigraphy. Post-hoc analysis indicated that the bias differed between volume levels.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Actigraphy and daily diaries appear incomparable in MI. Follow-up research is needed to uncover the nature of these differences and ways to overcome them. Until then, it is recommendable to use both.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51589,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health and Physical Activity","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100699"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144254403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-02DOI: 10.1016/j.mhpa.2025.100696
Ting Fan, Geng Li, Chengzhen Liu
Background
While existing research shows that exercise can positively influence depression, it remains uncertain whether the efficacy and adherence of different exercise types on depressed adolescents and young adults differ.
Aims
This study performed a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to determine the relative efficacy and adherence of exercise types in adolescents and young adults with depression.
Methods
A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, The Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Scopus, CNKI, and Wanfang, with the initial search covering studies up to October 2023 and an updated search performed in April 2025 to ensure inclusion of the most recent evidence. Studies comparing the efficacy and adherence of aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, mind-body exercise, or mixed exercise to usual care in adolescents and young adults with depression were included. Network meta-analysis with frequentist approaches was used for analysis in Stata 16.0.
Results
We included 48 randomized controlled trials comprising 3872 participants. Aerobic, resistance, mind-body, and mixed exercise interventions all demonstrated significant efficacy in alleviating depressive symptoms (p < 0.05), with adherence rates comparable to those observed in usual care (p > 0.05). Notably, resistance exercise emerged as the most effective approach, ranking highest in both reducing depression (SUCRA = 81.3) and sustaining adherence (SUCRA = 73.29). Additionally, intervention efficacy was significantly moderated by both the duration of the intervention and the average age of participants.
Conclusion
These findings highlight the superiority of resistance exercise in treating depression among adolescents and young adults. Moreover, intervention duration and mean participant age were identified as key factors influencing treatment efficacy. Together, these results offer valuable evidence to inform clinical decision-making and enhance current guidelines for managing depression in this vulnerable population.
{"title":"Exercise types for efficacy and adherence in adolescents and young adults with depression: A systematic review with network meta-analysis","authors":"Ting Fan, Geng Li, Chengzhen Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2025.100696","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2025.100696","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>While existing research shows that exercise can positively influence depression, it remains uncertain whether the efficacy and adherence of different exercise types on depressed adolescents and young adults differ.</div></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><div>This study performed a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to determine the relative efficacy and adherence of exercise types in adolescents and young adults with depression.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, The Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Scopus, CNKI, and Wanfang, with the initial search covering studies up to October 2023 and an updated search performed in April 2025 to ensure inclusion of the most recent evidence. Studies comparing the efficacy and adherence of aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, mind-body exercise, or mixed exercise to usual care in adolescents and young adults with depression were included. Network meta-analysis with frequentist approaches was used for analysis in Stata 16.0.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We included 48 randomized controlled trials comprising 3872 participants. Aerobic, resistance, mind-body, and mixed exercise interventions all demonstrated significant efficacy in alleviating depressive symptoms (<em>p</em> < 0.05), with adherence rates comparable to those observed in usual care (<em>p</em> > 0.05). Notably, resistance exercise emerged as the most effective approach, ranking highest in both reducing depression (SUCRA = 81.3) and sustaining adherence (SUCRA = 73.29). Additionally, intervention efficacy was significantly moderated by both the duration of the intervention and the average age of participants.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings highlight the superiority of resistance exercise in treating depression among adolescents and young adults. Moreover, intervention duration and mean participant age were identified as key factors influencing treatment efficacy. Together, these results offer valuable evidence to inform clinical decision-making and enhance current guidelines for managing depression in this vulnerable population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51589,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health and Physical Activity","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100696"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144222298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.mhpa.2025.100698
Kaiqi Guan , Jiayi Yang , Boris Cheval , Matthew Health , Fabian Herold , André O. Werneck , Cassandra J. Lowe , Mats Hallgren , Benjamin Tari , Dominika Pindus , Ryan S. Falck , Markus Gerber , Justin A. Haegele , Arthur F. Kramer , Neville Owen , Charles H. Hillman , Tianyou Guo , Liye Zou
Background
Sedentary behaviors (ST) are linked to children's mental health, including internalizing and externalizing problems. Research on these associations in children with overweight/obesity is limited. To this end, we examined cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between sedentary time (ST) and behavioral problems in children with overweight/obesity, followed by an investigation of potential sex-related differences.
Methods
We included 2273 children with overweight/obesity (49.9 % boys) from the UK Millennium Cohort Study. Accelerometer-measured sedentary time (ST) and MVPA were collected at age 7, and behavioral problems were assessed at ages 7 and 11 via the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). General linear models were used to examine how ST at 7 years of age was cross-sectionally and longitudinally associated with externalizing and internalizing, while ethnicity, SDQ scores, parental psychological distress, highest parental education, household poverty, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were statistically controlled. These analyses are followed by an analysis investigating sex-related differences.
Results
In the cross-sectional analyses, more ST was associated with fewer externalizing problems at 7 years among boys (β: −0.008, 95 % CI: −0.013, −0.003) and girls (β: −0.006, 95 % CI: −0.011, −0.001) without controlling for MVPA. More ST at 7 years was associated with fewer externalizing problems (β: −0.010, 95 %CI: −0.015, −0.004) only among boys when adjusting for MVPA. In the longitudinal analysis, more ST at 7 years was associated with fewer externalizing problems at 11 years for boys (β: −0.006, 95 %CI: −0.010, −0.001) and girls (β: −0.007, 95 %CI: −0.012, −0.002) without controlling for MVPA. When adjusting for MVPA at 7 years, more ST at 7 years was associated with fewer externalizing problems at 11 years for girls (β: −0.006, 95 %CI: −0.013, 0.000).
Conclusions
In overweight/obese children, device-measured ST at the age of 7 years predicted fewer caregiver-reported externalizing problems at the age of 11 years, with boys showing stronger cross-sectional and girls longitudinal associations after MVPA adjustment. This suggests that the behavioral relationship of ST differs by sex and developmental stage, potentially warranting context-specific interventions to counteract its negative mental health influence.
{"title":"Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between sedentary behavior and behavioral problems in children with overweight/obesity","authors":"Kaiqi Guan , Jiayi Yang , Boris Cheval , Matthew Health , Fabian Herold , André O. Werneck , Cassandra J. Lowe , Mats Hallgren , Benjamin Tari , Dominika Pindus , Ryan S. Falck , Markus Gerber , Justin A. Haegele , Arthur F. Kramer , Neville Owen , Charles H. Hillman , Tianyou Guo , Liye Zou","doi":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2025.100698","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2025.100698","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Sedentary behaviors (ST) are linked to children's mental health, including internalizing and externalizing problems. Research on these associations in children with overweight/obesity is limited. To this end, we examined cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between sedentary time (ST) and behavioral problems in children with overweight/obesity, followed by an investigation of potential sex-related differences.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We included 2273 children with overweight/obesity (49.9 % boys) from the UK Millennium Cohort Study. Accelerometer-measured sedentary time (ST) and MVPA were collected at age 7, and behavioral problems were assessed at ages 7 and 11 via the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). General linear models were used to examine how ST at 7 years of age was cross-sectionally and longitudinally associated with externalizing and internalizing, while ethnicity, SDQ scores, parental psychological distress, highest parental education, household poverty, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were statistically controlled. These analyses are followed by an analysis investigating sex-related differences.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In the cross-sectional analyses, more ST was associated with fewer externalizing problems at 7 years among boys (β: −0.008, 95 % CI: −0.013, −0.003) and girls (β: −0.006, 95 % CI: −0.011, −0.001) without controlling for MVPA. More ST at 7 years was associated with fewer externalizing problems (β: −0.010, 95 %CI: −0.015, −0.004) only among boys when adjusting for MVPA. In the longitudinal analysis, more ST at 7 years was associated with fewer externalizing problems at 11 years for boys (β: −0.006, 95 %CI: −0.010, −0.001) and girls (β: −0.007, 95 %CI: −0.012, −0.002) without controlling for MVPA. When adjusting for MVPA at 7 years, more ST at 7 years was associated with fewer externalizing problems at 11 years for girls (β: −0.006, 95 %CI: −0.013, 0.000).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In overweight/obese children, device-measured ST at the age of 7 years predicted fewer caregiver-reported externalizing problems at the age of 11 years, with boys showing stronger cross-sectional and girls longitudinal associations after MVPA adjustment. This suggests that the behavioral relationship of ST differs by sex and developmental stage, potentially warranting context-specific interventions to counteract its negative mental health influence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51589,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health and Physical Activity","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100698"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144195865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-27DOI: 10.1016/j.mhpa.2025.100697
Youngyun Jin , Jinkyung Cho , Taewan Kim , Donghyun Kim
Objectives
This study aims to explore the relationship between physical comorbidity (PC) and depression among Korean adult cancer survivors, investigating the potential mediating role of non-exercise estimation of cardiorespiratory fitness (eCRF).
Methods
Data from 448 cancer survivors aged 20–64 years participating in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Ⅶ–Ⅷ (2016–2020) were analyzed. Depression was assessed using the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Subjects were categorized into two groups: normal and depression. PC was defined as a participant diagnosis by a physician or treatment at the time of the survey. eCRF was determined using sex and age-specific algorithms.
Results
A higher number of PC and lower eCRF were associated with an increased risk of depressive symptoms in cancer survivors. Additionally, the mediation analysis showed that eCRF mediated the relationship between PC and PHQ-9 scores (indirect effect = 0.013, bootstrap 95 %CI = 0.006 to 0.021), even after adjusting for covariates. The total effects of PC on the PHQ-9 score was 8.4 %, explaining the relationship.
Conclusion
These findings highlight the importance of regular physical activity to enhance cardiorespiratory fitness, a critical component of holistic survivorship care. Early physical activity interventions should be integrated into clinical practice to prevent depression in cancer survivors with chronic diseases.
目的探讨韩国成年癌症幸存者身体共病（PC）与抑郁的关系，探讨非运动心肺适能（eCRF）评估的潜在中介作用。方法对参加韩国国家健康与营养调查Ⅶ-Ⅷ（2016-2020）的448名20-64岁癌症幸存者的数据进行分析。采用9项患者健康问卷（PHQ-9）对抑郁症进行评估。受试者被分为两组：正常组和抑郁组。PC被定义为在调查时由医生诊断或治疗的参与者。eCRF采用性别和年龄特异性算法确定。结果较高的PC数量和较低的eCRF与癌症幸存者抑郁症状的风险增加相关。此外，中介分析显示，即使在调整协变量后，eCRF也介导了PC和PHQ-9分数之间的关系（间接效应= 0.013,bootstrap 95% CI = 0.006至0.021）。PC对PHQ-9得分的总影响为8.4%，解释了这种关系。结论：这些发现强调了规律的身体活动对增强心肺健康的重要性，这是整体生存护理的关键组成部分。早期身体活动干预应纳入临床实践，以预防患有慢性疾病的癌症幸存者的抑郁症。
{"title":"Non-exercise estimation of Cardiorespiratory fitness as a mediator in the relationship between physical comorbidity and depression among Korean cancer Survivors: Evidence from KNHANES 2016–2020","authors":"Youngyun Jin , Jinkyung Cho , Taewan Kim , Donghyun Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2025.100697","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2025.100697","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aims to explore the relationship between physical comorbidity (PC) and depression among Korean adult cancer survivors, investigating the potential mediating role of non-exercise estimation of cardiorespiratory fitness (eCRF).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from 448 cancer survivors aged 20–64 years participating in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Ⅶ–Ⅷ (2016–2020) were analyzed. Depression was assessed using the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Subjects were categorized into two groups: normal and depression. PC was defined as a participant diagnosis by a physician or treatment at the time of the survey. eCRF was determined using sex and age-specific algorithms.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A higher number of PC and lower eCRF were associated with an increased risk of depressive symptoms in cancer survivors. Additionally, the mediation analysis showed that eCRF mediated the relationship between PC and PHQ-9 scores (indirect effect = 0.013, bootstrap 95 %CI = 0.006 to 0.021), even after adjusting for covariates. The total effects of PC on the PHQ-9 score was 8.4 %, explaining the relationship.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings highlight the importance of regular physical activity to enhance cardiorespiratory fitness, a critical component of holistic survivorship care. Early physical activity interventions should be integrated into clinical practice to prevent depression in cancer survivors with chronic diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51589,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health and Physical Activity","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100697"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144241629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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