We explored how team sport participation during adolescence may have prepared emerging adults to use physical activity (PA) as a coping strategy during the COVID-19 pandemic and therefore protect their mental health.
Methods
MATCH study participants reported their involvement in team sports from age 11 to 18. At age 20, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, they reported their level of positive mental health, strategies to cope with stress, and perception of how helpful these are. Mediation analyses were used to estimate the natural direct effect of number of years of team sport participation during adolescence on emerging adults’ mental health, and the natural indirect effect through using PA as a coping strategy.
Results
Data from 454 participants were available. PA was the most prevalent coping strategy reported (51.5%) and 74% of those using this strategy reported it helped a lot. More years of team sport participation during adolescence was associated with higher odds of reporting PA as a coping strategy (OR [95% CI] = 1.012 [1.007; 1.017]) and with higher level of mental health during emerging adulthood (β [95% CI] = 0.059 [0.024; 0.095]). The natural indirect effect suggests that the use of PA as a coping strategy partially explained the association between team sport participation in adolescence and mental health in emerging adulthood (NIE [95% CI] = 0.038 [0.002;0.074]).
Discussion
More team sports participation during adolescence is associated with better mental health during emerging adulthood. This association may operate through using PA to cope with stress.
{"title":"Use of physical activity as a coping strategy mediates the association between adolescent team sports participation and emerging adult mental health","authors":"Jean-Francois Clément , François Gallant , Catherine Hudon , Corentin Montiel , Teodora Riglea , Djamal Berbiche , Isabelle Doré , Marie-Pierre Sylvestre , Jennifer O'Loughlin , Mathieu Bélanger","doi":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100612","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>We explored how team sport participation during adolescence may have prepared emerging adults to use physical activity (PA) as a coping strategy during the COVID-19 pandemic and therefore protect their mental health.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>MATCH study participants reported their involvement in team sports from age 11 to 18. At age 20, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, they reported their level of positive mental health, strategies to cope with stress, and perception of how helpful these are. Mediation analyses were used to estimate the natural direct effect of number of years of team sport participation during adolescence on emerging adults’ mental health, and the natural indirect effect through using PA as a coping strategy.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Data from 454 participants were available. PA was the most prevalent coping strategy reported (51.5%) and 74% of those using this strategy reported it helped a lot. More years of team sport participation during adolescence was associated with higher odds of reporting PA as a coping strategy (OR [95% CI] = 1.012 [1.007; 1.017]) and with higher level of mental health during emerging adulthood (β [95% CI] = 0.059 [0.024; 0.095]). The natural indirect effect suggests that the use of PA as a coping strategy partially explained the association between team sport participation in adolescence and mental health in emerging adulthood (NIE [95% CI] = 0.038 [0.002;0.074]).</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>More team sports participation during adolescence is associated with better mental health during emerging adulthood. This association may operate through using PA to cope with stress.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51589,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health and Physical Activity","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100612"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141308609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-03DOI: 10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100611
Augusto César F. De Moraes , Marcus V. Nascimento-Ferreira , Ethan H. Hunt , Gregory Knell , John Virostko , Susan S. Tapert , Harold W. Kohl (In Memoriam)
Background and aims
Poor cardiovascular health has been linked to a higher risk of cognitive decline in adults, however this relation is not well established among adolescents. The purpose of this analysis was to test the associations of cardiovascular health behaviors (diet, physical activity, nicotine use, and sleep health) and health indicators (body mass index, blood lipids, blood glucose, blood pressure) with adolescents' brain development and executive and cognitive function.
Methods
We included 978 individuals from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study who completed the year 2 follow-up assessment. Analysis was limited to those with complete data on cardiovascular health behaviors and health indicators which were used to compute composite cardiovascular health scores. Outcomes included estimates of general cognitive ability, executive function, and learning/memory through the NIH Toolbox neurocognitive battery, and MRI-derived brain morphometry. Associations were estimated by multilevel linear regression models using random effects.
Results
The mean (SD) age was 11.9 (0.2) years, 44.9% were girls, and 53.4% were white race/ethnicity. Individuals with more favorable cardiovascular health behaviors showed higher executive cognitive function scores (β = 0.170; CI 95%, 0.076 to 0.265; p = 00.001). Overall cardiovascular health was associated with a higher measure of executive cognitive function (β = 0.209; CI 95%, 0.067 to 0.351; p = 00.002) and total whole brain cortical volume (β = 480.1; CI 95%, 4.7 to 955.6; p = 00.003). r
Conclusion
Our findings reveal positive associations between adolescents' cardiovascular health behaviors and overall cardiovascular health with cognitive and executive function and brain cortical volume. Although our study is cross-sectional, the findings from a representative group of early adolescents add to the existing evidence suggesting a relationship between cardiovascular and brain health.
{"title":"Cardiovascular health profile is favorably associated with brain health and neurocognitive development in adolescents","authors":"Augusto César F. De Moraes , Marcus V. Nascimento-Ferreira , Ethan H. Hunt , Gregory Knell , John Virostko , Susan S. Tapert , Harold W. Kohl (In Memoriam)","doi":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100611","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100611","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><p>Poor cardiovascular health has been linked to a higher risk of cognitive decline in adults, however this relation is not well established among adolescents. The purpose of this analysis was to test the associations of cardiovascular health behaviors (diet, physical activity, nicotine use, and sleep health) and health indicators (body mass index, blood lipids, blood glucose, blood pressure) with adolescents' brain development and executive and cognitive function.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We included 978 individuals from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study who completed the year 2 follow-up assessment. Analysis was limited to those with complete data on cardiovascular health behaviors and health indicators which were used to compute composite cardiovascular health scores. Outcomes included estimates of general cognitive ability, executive function, and learning/memory through the NIH Toolbox neurocognitive battery, and MRI-derived brain morphometry. Associations were estimated by multilevel linear regression models using random effects.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The mean (SD) age was 11.9 (0.2) years, 44.9% were girls, and 53.4% were white race/ethnicity. Individuals with more favorable cardiovascular health behaviors showed higher executive cognitive function scores (β = 0.170; CI 95%, 0.076 to 0.265; p = 00.001). Overall cardiovascular health was associated with a higher measure of executive cognitive function (β = 0.209; CI 95%, 0.067 to 0.351; p = 00.002) and total whole brain cortical volume (β = 480.1; CI 95%, 4.7 to 955.6; p = 00.003). r</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our findings reveal positive associations between adolescents' cardiovascular health behaviors and overall cardiovascular health with cognitive and executive function and brain cortical volume. Although our study is cross-sectional, the findings from a representative group of early adolescents add to the existing evidence suggesting a relationship between cardiovascular and brain health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51589,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health and Physical Activity","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100611"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141276460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Substance use disorder (SUD) is a chronic disease characterized by drug seeking and use that is compulsive or difficult to control despite harmful consequences. Researchers have found treatments to help people recover from SUD and lead productive lives. Exercise therapies have been approved to be effective on executive function, physical fitness, and cravings in men with SUD. Exergaming, which involves physical activity through interactive video games, has attracted considerable interest due to its ability to provide a fun and engaging aerobic workout while stimulating cognitive functions. However, despite its popularity in recreational settings and its potential to promote physical fitness and cognitive well-being, the use of exergaming as a therapeutic modality for SUD remains relatively underexplored. This study aimed to investigate the effects of exergame on physical fitness and executive function in men with SUD.
Methods
The 44 compulsory men in a rehabilitation center (mean age = 39.7 ± 9.2 years) were divided to either an exergame training (ET) or a control group. The ET group underwent a moderate-intensity (65%–75% of maximum heart rate) exergame training intervention (Fitness Boxing 2 & Super Mario Party) for 50 min thrice weekly during a 12-week period. The control group maintained their original lifestyle in the rehabilitation center. Before and after the intervention, participants were evaluated for drug craving, executive function (working memory and attention bias), and physical fitness (blood biochemical, choice reaction time, and BMI et al.).
Results
The exergame training group showed a significantly positive effect in drug craving and attention bias score, relative to the control group (drug craving: F = 4.374, p = 0.043, d = − 0.51; attention bias score: F = 4.832, p = 0.034, d = − 0.357). No significant effect has been found in other variables (p > 0.05).
Conclusion
The 12-week interactive exergame training can effectively reduce drug craving and improve executive function in men with SUD in drug rehabilitation centers. This training may offer a new and alternative exercise treatment against SUD. Exercise treatment approaches tailored to men with SUD may lead to continued recovery in health and lower the risk of returning to substance use.
背景物质使用障碍（Substance use disorder，SUD）是一种慢性疾病，其特征是强迫性或难以控制地寻求和使用毒品，尽管这样做会带来有害的后果。研究人员发现了一些治疗方法，可以帮助人们从药物滥用症中恢复过来，过上富有成效的生活。运动疗法已被批准对患有药物依赖性失调症的男性患者的执行功能、体能和渴求感有效。运动游戏（Exergaming）是指通过互动视频游戏进行体育锻炼，由于其能够在刺激认知功能的同时提供有趣且引人入胜的有氧锻炼，因此引起了人们的极大兴趣。然而，尽管外格游戏在娱乐环境中很受欢迎，而且具有促进体能和认知健康的潜力，但将外格游戏作为一种治疗 SUD 的方式仍相对缺乏探索。本研究旨在探讨外显子游戏对男性 SUD 患者的体能和执行功能的影响。ET组接受中等强度（最大心率的65%-75%）的外显子游戏训练干预（健身拳击2 & 超级马里奥派对），为期12周，每周三次，每次50分钟。对照组则在康复中心保持原有的生活方式。干预前后，对参与者的药物渴求、执行功能（工作记忆和注意力偏差）和体能（血液生化指标、选择反应时间和体重指数等）进行了评估。结果相对于对照组，外部游戏训练组在药物渴求和注意力偏差得分方面表现出显著的正效应（药物渴求：F = 4.374，P = 0.05）：F = 4.374，p = 0.043，d = - 0.51；注意力偏差得分：F = 4.832，p = 0.034，d = - 0.357）。结论为期 12 周的互动外显游戏训练能有效减少戒毒康复中心男性 SUD 患者对毒品的渴望，并改善其执行功能。该训练可为治疗药物依赖性失调症提供一种新的替代运动疗法。为患有药物依赖性失调症的男性患者量身定制的运动治疗方法可帮助他们持续恢复健康，并降低再次使用药物的风险。
{"title":"Effect of interactive exergame training on physical fitness and executive function among men with substance use disorder in rehabilitation center","authors":"Jiawei Guo, Longhai Zhang, Ling Zhang, Yanbing Li, Shutong Yang, Yixuan Sun, Ruoqi Zhang, Wenfei Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100598","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Substance use disorder (SUD) is a chronic disease characterized by drug seeking and use that is compulsive or difficult to control despite harmful consequences. Researchers have found treatments to help people recover from SUD and lead productive lives. Exercise therapies have been approved to be effective on executive function, physical fitness, and cravings in men with SUD. Exergaming, which involves physical activity through interactive video games, has attracted considerable interest due to its ability to provide a fun and engaging aerobic workout while stimulating cognitive functions. However, despite its popularity in recreational settings and its potential to promote physical fitness and cognitive well-being, the use of exergaming as a therapeutic modality for SUD remains relatively underexplored. This study aimed to investigate the effects of exergame on physical fitness and executive function in men with SUD.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The 44 compulsory men in a rehabilitation center (mean age = 39.7 ± 9.2 years) were divided to either an exergame training (ET) or a control group. The ET group underwent a moderate-intensity (65%–75% of maximum heart rate) exergame training intervention (Fitness Boxing 2 & Super Mario Party) for 50 min thrice weekly during a 12-week period. The control group maintained their original lifestyle in the rehabilitation center. Before and after the intervention, participants were evaluated for drug craving, executive function (working memory and attention bias), and physical fitness (blood biochemical, choice reaction time, and BMI et al.).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The exergame training group showed a significantly positive effect in drug craving and attention bias score, relative to the control group (drug craving: F = 4.374, <em>p</em> = 0.043, d = − 0.51; attention bias score: F = 4.832, <em>p</em> = 0.034, d = − 0.357). No significant effect has been found in other variables (<em>p</em> > <em>0.05</em>).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The 12-week interactive exergame training can effectively reduce drug craving and improve executive function in men with SUD in drug rehabilitation centers. This training may offer a new and alternative exercise treatment against SUD. Exercise treatment approaches tailored to men with SUD may lead to continued recovery in health and lower the risk of returning to substance use.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51589,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health and Physical Activity","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100598"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140822896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100592
Yonggang Wei , Lu Wang , Yi Tang , Hong Deng , Junyue Su , Qinglong Li
Background and aims
The cultivation of executive functions during early childhood establishes the fundamental underpinning for advanced cognitive development in adulthood. Presently, there remains a degree of controversy surrounding the empirical findings pertaining to the impact of physical activity on the executive functions of young children. This study aimed at elucidating the potential moderating factors influencing the relationship between physical activity and the executive functions of young children.
Methods
In this study, we have conducted a meta-analysis encompassing twenty-four experimental studies with a total of 1426 participants. The meta-analysis was conducted using Stata version 17.0 and R version 4.3.2 software, with Hedges'g serving as the chosen effect size metric.
Results
The outcomes of our investigation underscore the salient point that physical activity possesses the capacity to enhance the executive functions of young children. Furthermore, it is noteworthy that the developmental impact of physical activity on the executive functions of young children is notably contingent upon the duration of the intervention. The implementation of game-based pedagogical approaches within the realm of sports activities emerges as a particularly potent means to foster the development of executive functions in young children.
Conclusions
This meta-analysis serves to proffer quantitative evidence affirming the positive influence of physical activities on the executive functions of young children during their early developmental years. It carries substantial implications for practical application.
背景和目的 幼儿时期执行功能的培养为成年后认知能力的进一步发展奠定了基础。目前，有关体育活动对幼儿执行功能影响的实证研究结果仍存在一定程度的争议。本研究旨在阐明影响体育锻炼与幼儿执行功能之间关系的潜在调节因素。方法在本研究中，我们对 24 项实验研究进行了荟萃分析，共有 1426 人参与。荟萃分析使用 Stata 17.0 版和 R 4.3.2 版软件进行，并选择 Hedges'g 作为效应大小指标。此外，值得注意的是，体育活动对幼儿执行功能的发展影响明显取决于干预的持续时间。在体育活动领域实施游戏教学法是促进幼儿执行功能发展的一种特别有效的手段。 结论 这项荟萃分析提供了量化证据，证实了体育活动对幼儿早期发展时期执行功能的积极影响。它对实际应用具有重大意义。
{"title":"Enhancing young children's executive function through physical activities: A three-level meta-analysis","authors":"Yonggang Wei , Lu Wang , Yi Tang , Hong Deng , Junyue Su , Qinglong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100592","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><p>The cultivation of executive functions during early childhood establishes the fundamental underpinning for advanced cognitive development in adulthood. Presently, there remains a degree of controversy surrounding the empirical findings pertaining to the impact of physical activity on the executive functions of young children. This study aimed at elucidating the potential moderating factors influencing the relationship between physical activity and the executive functions of young children.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this study, we have conducted a meta-analysis encompassing twenty-four experimental studies with a total of 1426 participants. The meta-analysis was conducted using Stata version 17.0 and R version 4.3.2 software, with Hedges'g serving as the chosen effect size metric.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The outcomes of our investigation underscore the salient point that physical activity possesses the capacity to enhance the executive functions of young children. Furthermore, it is noteworthy that the developmental impact of physical activity on the executive functions of young children is notably contingent upon the duration of the intervention. The implementation of game-based pedagogical approaches within the realm of sports activities emerges as a particularly potent means to foster the development of executive functions in young children.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This meta-analysis serves to proffer quantitative evidence affirming the positive influence of physical activities on the executive functions of young children during their early developmental years. It carries substantial implications for practical application.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51589,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health and Physical Activity","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100592"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140141488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100593
Devyn Rorem , Victor E. Ezeugwu , Vannesa J. Joly , Carmen Rasmussen , Valerie Carson , Sukhpreet K. Tamana , Joyce Chikuma , Elinor Simons , Stuart Turvey , Piushkumar J. Mandhane , Jacqueline Pei
Background and aims
The Canadian 24-h movement guidelines have led to an increased focus on movement behaviours (sleep, screen, sedentary, and physical activity) throughout the day.
Methods
We examined the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between 24-h movement behaviours and parent-reported levels of internalizing, externalizing, and total behaviour problems in a subset of the CHILD birth cohort study at ages 3 (N Age 3 = 541, 48.1% girls) through 5 (N Age 5 = 575, 49.6% girls). Physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep were measured using an accelerometer worn on the non-dominant wrist for seven days following a 24-h protocol. Screen time was measured via parent-report and date-matched to daily accelerometer recordings. Compositional isotemporal substitution models predicted change in behaviour problems with reallocating time between movement behaviours.
Results
Cross-sectional analysis indicated that screen time relative to other movement behaviours was associated with greater externalizing behaviours at age 3 and greater internalizing and total problem behaviours at ages 3 and 5. This was supported in the longitudinal analysis, where increased screen time at 3 was associated with increased internalizing, externalizing, and total problem behaviours at 5. Cross-sectional reallocation from screen to non-screen sedentary time was associated with reductions in internalizing and total behaviour problems at 3 and 5 years and reductions in externalizing at 3. Contrary to previous findings, cross-sectional proportional increases in moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity were associated with increased externalizing and total problem behaviours at 5.
Conclusions
Clinicians should prioritize supporting families to find a balanced approach rather than promoting specific movement behaviours.
{"title":"Finding the balance: The influence of movement behaviours on childhood behaviour problems","authors":"Devyn Rorem , Victor E. Ezeugwu , Vannesa J. Joly , Carmen Rasmussen , Valerie Carson , Sukhpreet K. Tamana , Joyce Chikuma , Elinor Simons , Stuart Turvey , Piushkumar J. Mandhane , Jacqueline Pei","doi":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100593","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100593","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><p>The Canadian 24-h movement guidelines have led to an increased focus on movement behaviours (sleep, screen, sedentary, and physical activity) throughout the day.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We examined the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between 24-h movement behaviours and parent-reported levels of internalizing, externalizing, and total behaviour problems in a subset of the CHILD birth cohort study at ages 3 (N Age 3 = 541, 48.1% girls) through 5 (N Age 5 = 575, 49.6% girls). Physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep were measured using an accelerometer worn on the non-dominant wrist for seven days following a 24-h protocol. Screen time was measured via parent-report and date-matched to daily accelerometer recordings. Compositional isotemporal substitution models predicted change in behaviour problems with reallocating time between movement behaviours.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Cross-sectional analysis indicated that screen time relative to other movement behaviours was associated with greater externalizing behaviours at age 3 and greater internalizing and total problem behaviours at ages 3 and 5. This was supported in the longitudinal analysis, where increased screen time at 3 was associated with increased internalizing, externalizing, and total problem behaviours at 5. Cross-sectional reallocation from screen to non-screen sedentary time was associated with reductions in internalizing and total behaviour problems at 3 and 5 years and reductions in externalizing at 3. Contrary to previous findings, cross-sectional proportional increases in moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity were associated with increased externalizing and total problem behaviours at 5.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Clinicians should prioritize supporting families to find a balanced approach rather than promoting specific movement behaviours.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51589,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health and Physical Activity","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100593"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S175529662400019X/pdfft?md5=ab802b024dab415b19c1cf229982bcd6&pid=1-s2.0-S175529662400019X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140156227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100585
Xinmei Zhao , Xiaoxiong Lai , Shunsen Huang , Yajun Li , Xinran Dai , Huanlei Wang , Ying He , Yun Wang
Background and aims
Adolescents are more likely to experience problematic smartphone use (PSU) due to developmental immaturity. As most previous studies have focused on cross-sectional relationships between PSU, self-control, and physical activity, it is difficult to make valid inferences about their causal relationships and long-term effects. This study aims to investigate the interrelationships between these three variables through a mediation analysis based on a cross-lagged model in a longitudinal design.
Methods
A total of 2131 participants (Mage = 12.14, SD = 2.29, 51.5% female) were surveyed at three time points with 1-year intervals. Smartphone Addiction Proneness Scale (SAPS) and revised Self-Control Scale were used to assess PSU and self-control respectively. Physical activity was measured with an item questioning frequency of physical activity.
Results
Cross-lagged model showed that both self-control and physical activity were negatively and bidirectionally associated with PSU. Self-control had a positive predictive effect on physical activity at the next time point. Additionally, self-control positively predicted subsequent physical activity, which in turn negatively predicted subsequent PSU, indicating a mediating effect of physical activity between self-control and PSU.
Conclusion
Self-control and physical activity had a long-term effect on reducing the propensity for PSU. Because of the accessibility and operability of physical activity interventions, the public and policy-makers need to prioritize physical activity as an intervention to prevent PSU in adolescents.
{"title":"Long-term protective effects of physical activity and self-control on problematic smartphone use in adolescents: A longitudinal mediation analysis","authors":"Xinmei Zhao , Xiaoxiong Lai , Shunsen Huang , Yajun Li , Xinran Dai , Huanlei Wang , Ying He , Yun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100585","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100585","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><p>Adolescents are more likely to experience problematic smartphone use (PSU) due to developmental immaturity. As most previous studies have focused on cross-sectional relationships between PSU, self-control, and physical activity, it is difficult to make valid inferences about their causal relationships and long-term effects. This study aims to investigate the interrelationships between these three variables through a mediation analysis based on a cross-lagged model in a longitudinal design.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A total of 2131 participants (<em>M</em><sub>age</sub> = 12.14, <em>SD</em> = 2.29, 51.5% female) were surveyed at three time points with 1-year intervals. Smartphone Addiction Proneness Scale (SAPS) and revised Self-Control Scale were used to assess PSU and self-control respectively. Physical activity was measured with an item questioning frequency of physical activity.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Cross-lagged model showed that both self-control and physical activity were negatively and bidirectionally associated with PSU. Self-control had a positive predictive effect on physical activity at the next time point. Additionally, self-control positively predicted subsequent physical activity, which in turn negatively predicted subsequent PSU, indicating a mediating effect of physical activity between self-control and PSU.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Self-control and physical activity had a long-term effect on reducing the propensity for PSU. Because of the accessibility and operability of physical activity interventions, the public and policy-makers need to prioritize physical activity as an intervention to prevent PSU in adolescents.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51589,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health and Physical Activity","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100585"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1755296624000103/pdfft?md5=2a8c607393057b24065718444a45d927&pid=1-s2.0-S1755296624000103-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139828080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100595
Kaija Appelqvist-Schmidlechner , Risto Heikkinen , Tommi Vasankari , Toni Virtanen , Kai Pihlainen , Tuomas Honkanen , Heikki Kyröläinen , Jani P. Vaara
Background and aims
The links between bullying victimisation and low self-esteem are well established. However, the relationship between physical activity (PA), bullying victimisation and self-esteem is still rather unexplored. The present study aims to investigate the moderating effect of PA on the relationship between bullying victimisation and self-esteem among young men.
Methods
The sample used for this study is based on registers of the Finnish Defence Forces and consists of questionnaire-based data collected from young healthy men (n = 146 767, aged 18–29 years, mean age 19 years) who started their conscript service during 2015–2021. Self-esteem was measured with the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale and bullying victimisation and leisure-time PA (LTPA) with single questions. Unadjusted and adjusted linear regression models and the aligned rank transform Anova model were calculated.
Results
The findings showed that there is a dose-response association of self-esteem with bullying victimisation and LTPA. Furthermore, a significant moderating effect of LTPA was found in the relationship between bullying victimisation and self-esteem. Vigorous LTPA at least once a week seems to lessen the negative effects of bullying victimisation on self-esteem.
Conclusions
LTPA may have the potential to buffer against negative mental health outcomes resulting from past experiences of bullying victimisation on a young person's self-esteem. More opportunities for LTPA to support self-esteem among young people should be provided, especially for vulnerable groups and those with limited resources and possibilities to engage with PA.
{"title":"Moderating effect of leisure-time physical activity on the relationship between bullying victimisation and self-esteem in young Finnish men","authors":"Kaija Appelqvist-Schmidlechner , Risto Heikkinen , Tommi Vasankari , Toni Virtanen , Kai Pihlainen , Tuomas Honkanen , Heikki Kyröläinen , Jani P. Vaara","doi":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100595","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><p>The links between bullying victimisation and low self-esteem are well established. However, the relationship between physical activity (PA), bullying victimisation and self-esteem is still rather unexplored. The present study aims to investigate the moderating effect of PA on the relationship between bullying victimisation and self-esteem among young men.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The sample used for this study is based on registers of the Finnish Defence Forces and consists of questionnaire-based data collected from young healthy men (n = 146 767, aged 18–29 years, mean age 19 years) who started their conscript service during 2015–2021. Self-esteem was measured with the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale and bullying victimisation and leisure-time PA (LTPA) with single questions. Unadjusted and adjusted linear regression models and the aligned rank transform Anova model were calculated.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The findings showed that there is a dose-response association of self-esteem with bullying victimisation and LTPA. Furthermore, a significant moderating effect of LTPA was found in the relationship between bullying victimisation and self-esteem. Vigorous LTPA at least once a week seems to lessen the negative effects of bullying victimisation on self-esteem.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>LTPA may have the potential to buffer against negative mental health outcomes resulting from past experiences of bullying victimisation on a young person's self-esteem. More opportunities for LTPA to support self-esteem among young people should be provided, especially for vulnerable groups and those with limited resources and possibilities to engage with PA.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51589,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health and Physical Activity","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100595"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1755296624000218/pdfft?md5=4b4d3475d82b68e6ca5a93b13db15d7e&pid=1-s2.0-S1755296624000218-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140533606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100587
Xuan Lin , Jiaxin Zheng , Qian Zhang , Youfa Li
Objective
To make a comprehensive evaluation of the anxiolytic effects of Mind body exercise (MBE) therapy and potential variations in demographic and intervention characteristics.
Methods
Based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, the Web of Science, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases were systematically searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published before 1 May 2023. Pooled standardized mean differences (SMDs) and moderator analysis were used.
Results
A total of 61 studies (k = 76) were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with the control groups (n = 2972), the MBE intervention groups (n = 2984) had significantly reduced anxiety with a small effect (SMD = 0.454, 95% CI: 0.353 to 0.556, p < 0.001, I2 = 73.949%). Moderator analysis showed that research area, sex, age, health status, session duration, and research quality played moderating roles. Interventions lasting over 60 min were most effective in reducing anxiety.
Conclusion
MBE is an effective alternative or adjuvant intervention for anxiety across participant characteristics and research area. Future research should improve the quality and design and compare the anxiolytic effects between different types of MBE interventions or between MBE interventions and other intervention types. It is also necessary to analyze the dose effects of MBE interventions.
{"title":"The effects of mind body exercise on anxiety: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","authors":"Xuan Lin , Jiaxin Zheng , Qian Zhang , Youfa Li","doi":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100587","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100587","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To make a comprehensive evaluation of the anxiolytic effects of Mind body exercise (MBE) therapy and potential variations in demographic and intervention characteristics.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, the Web of Science, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases were systematically searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published before 1 May 2023. Pooled standardized mean differences (SMDs) and moderator analysis were used.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 61 studies (k = 76) were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with the control groups (<em>n</em> = 2972), the MBE intervention groups (<em>n</em> = 2984) had significantly reduced anxiety with a small effect (SMD = 0.454, 95% CI: 0.353 to 0.556, <em>p</em> < 0.001, <em>I</em><sup><em>2</em></sup> = 73.949%). Moderator analysis showed that research area, sex, age, health status, session duration, and research quality played moderating roles. Interventions lasting over 60 min were most effective in reducing anxiety.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>MBE is an effective alternative or adjuvant intervention for anxiety across participant characteristics and research area. Future research should improve the quality and design and compare the anxiolytic effects between different types of MBE interventions or between MBE interventions and other intervention types. It is also necessary to analyze the dose effects of MBE interventions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51589,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health and Physical Activity","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100587"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140035800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100596
Lauren Wheatley , Chiara Mastrogiovanni , Michelle Pebole , Grace McKeon , Simon Rosenbaum , Susan Rees , Scott B. Teasdale
Background and aims
Experiencing gender-based violence (GBV) is a risk factor for numerous noncommunicable diseases, many of which are associated with physical inactivity. This systematic review aims to determine if physical activity levels and sedentary behavior differ between people who have experienced GBV and people who have not been exposed to GBV.
Methods
Five databases were searched from inception to May 2023. Eligible studies were original research publications that reported a quantitative measure of physical activity and/or sedentary behavior for people who have experienced GBV and a comparator group. Synthesis without meta-analysis was performed due to inconsistent measures of physical activity.
Results
Eleven studies with 38,679 people who have experienced GBV and 159,103 comparators were included. Most studies were conducted in the United States (k = 9, 82%) with exclusively female participants (k = 9, 82%). All studies reported on mean time in physical activity or proportion of people engaging in certain levels of physical activity and sedentary behavior. No study used a validated tool to measure physical activity levels. Nineteen comparisons between a GBV population group and comparator were identified in the 11 studies. Findings were mixed, with 10 comparisons (52.5%) finding no significant difference, six comparisons (32%) finding lower physical activity engagement in the GBV-exposed population group, and three comparisons (15.5%) reporting similar values in both groups (without a between group test). The overall quality of studies was poor-fair.
Conclusion
There is mixed evidence for whether physical activity levels differ among people who have experienced GBV compared to individuals who have not. High quality studies using validated assessment methods are needed.
{"title":"Physical activity levels and sedentary behavior in people who have experienced gender-based violence: A systematic review","authors":"Lauren Wheatley , Chiara Mastrogiovanni , Michelle Pebole , Grace McKeon , Simon Rosenbaum , Susan Rees , Scott B. Teasdale","doi":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100596","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><p>Experiencing gender-based violence (GBV) is a risk factor for numerous noncommunicable diseases, many of which are associated with physical inactivity. This systematic review aims to determine if physical activity levels and sedentary behavior differ between people who have experienced GBV and people who have not been exposed to GBV.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Five databases were searched from inception to May 2023. Eligible studies were original research publications that reported a quantitative measure of physical activity and/or sedentary behavior for people who have experienced GBV and a comparator group. Synthesis without meta-analysis was performed due to inconsistent measures of physical activity.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Eleven studies with 38,679 people who have experienced GBV and 159,103 comparators were included. Most studies were conducted in the United States (<em>k</em> = 9, 82%) with exclusively female participants (<em>k</em> = 9, 82%). All studies reported on mean time in physical activity or proportion of people engaging in certain levels of physical activity and sedentary behavior. No study used a validated tool to measure physical activity levels. Nineteen comparisons between a GBV population group and comparator were identified in the 11 studies. Findings were mixed, with 10 comparisons (52.5%) finding no significant difference, six comparisons (32%) finding lower physical activity engagement in the GBV-exposed population group, and three comparisons (15.5%) reporting similar values in both groups (without a between group test). The overall quality of studies was poor-fair.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>There is mixed evidence for whether physical activity levels differ among people who have experienced GBV compared to individuals who have not. High quality studies using validated assessment methods are needed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51589,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health and Physical Activity","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100596"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S175529662400022X/pdfft?md5=a48eb69eb66c96f6d4e0ae4eea1b0e5b&pid=1-s2.0-S175529662400022X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140618246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100591
Michal Levinsky
Objective
This study investigated the reciprocal nature of the depression–physical activity relationship with reference to lifetime cumulative adversity (LCA), over a period of 8 years across 5 time points in aging.
Method
Based on data from the Survey of Health Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), the sample included 21,996 participants between the ages of 50 and 100 years (M = 65.5, SD = 9.1). The analysis was designed as a random intercept cross-lagged panel model. The trajectories measured were depression and physical activity. The independent variable, LCA, was created by the sum of stressful events, and the analyses controlled for background characteristics.
Results
The findings revealed that physical activity significantly reduced the risk for depression at two time points along the study, whereas depression significantly reduced future physical activity during the entire period examined. Further, a higher level of LCA was associated with lower baseline levels of physical activity and higher levels of depression (β = −0.04, p < 0.001; β = 0.12, p < 0.001; respectively).
Conclusions
The results support a bidirectional relation between physical activity and depression, with stronger evidence for depression to physical activity. Interventions targeting the vulnerable population with a history of cumulative adversity, and utilizing techniques to mitigate depressive symptoms, may help to decrease the risk for physical inactivity and other health consequences in this population.
{"title":"The longitudinal reciprocal association between depression and physical activity in old age: The role of lifetime cumulative adversity","authors":"Michal Levinsky","doi":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100591","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100591","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study investigated the reciprocal nature of the depression–physical activity relationship with reference to lifetime cumulative adversity (LCA), over a period of 8 years across 5 time points in aging.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Based on data from the Survey of Health Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), the sample included 21,996 participants between the ages of 50 and 100 years (M = 65.5, SD = 9.1). The analysis was designed as a random intercept cross-lagged panel model. The trajectories measured were depression and physical activity. The independent variable, LCA, was created by the sum of stressful events, and the analyses controlled for background characteristics.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The findings revealed that physical activity significantly reduced the risk for depression at two time points along the study, whereas depression significantly reduced future physical activity during the entire period examined. Further, a higher level of LCA was associated with lower baseline levels of physical activity and higher levels of depression (<em>β</em> = −0.04, p < 0.001; <em>β</em> = 0.12, p < 0.001; respectively).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The results support a bidirectional relation between physical activity and depression, with stronger evidence for depression to physical activity. Interventions targeting the vulnerable population with a history of cumulative adversity, and utilizing techniques to mitigate depressive symptoms, may help to decrease the risk for physical inactivity and other health consequences in this population.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51589,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health and Physical Activity","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100591"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140098711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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