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PECULIARITIES OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN MULTINATIONAL COMPANIES 跨国公司人力资源管理的特殊性
Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.46361/2449-2604.11.2.2024.185-201
Davit Katamadze, Indira Davitadze
Davit Katamadze E-mail: qatamadze.davit@bsu.edu.ge Associate Professor, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University Batumi, Georgia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2992-9326   Indira Davitadze E-mail: idavitadze91@gmail.com PhD student, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University Batumi, Georgia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6506-5273   Abstract: Human resource management in modern multinational companies is characterized by certain difficulties, because such companies employ people of different nationalities, religions, cultures, different mentality and ethics, who prefer different forms of communication and management. The desire to manage with a different approach to organizational structure, culture and strategy creates problems in the management of human resources of multinational companies, these problems need proper research and solutions. The purpose of the study is to determine the challenges in the field of human resources management by multinational companies, to fairly evaluate the activities of expatriates and managers working in foreign companies and to protect their rights. Methods of data collection and observation were used in the development of the paper. The data collection method is mainly used to evaluate the human resources activities of multinational companies, and the observation method is used to identify the challenges and potential in the activities of expatriates, based on which the ways to solve the challenges in the field of human resources management of multinational companies were determined. As a result of the research, the factors affecting the management of human resources in multinational companies were identified, the elimination of which will help to increase the competitiveness of multinational companies and raise the level of qualification of the personnel employed in them. In order to eliminate the problems arising during the management of human resources in modern multinational companies, we have developed recommendations, the consideration of which significantly improves the process of human resources management in multinational companies.     Keywords: Human resources management, multinational companies, expatriates, performance evaluation of managers.       JEL classification: J53, J6, F22, F23
Davit Katamadze E-mail: qatamadze.davit@bsu.edu.ge 副教授,Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University Batumi, Georgia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2992-9326 Indira Davitadze E-mail: idavitadze91@gmail.com 博士研究生,Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University Batumi, Georgia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6506-5273 摘要:现代跨国公司的人力资源管理存在一定的困难,因为这些公司雇用的员工来自 不同的民族、宗教、文化、不同的心态和道德观,他们喜欢不同的交流和管理方式。希望用不同的组织结构、文化和战略方法进行管理的愿望给跨国公司的人力资源管理带来了问题,这些问题需要适当的研究和解决。本研究的目的是确定跨国公司在人力资源管理领域面临的挑战,公平评价在外国公司工作的外派人员和管理人员的活动,保护他们的权利。本文的写作采用了数据收集法和观察法。数据收集法主要用于评估跨国公司的人力资源活动,观察法用于发现外派人员活动中的挑战和潜力,在此基础上确定解决跨国公司人力资源管理领域挑战的方法。研究结果确定了影响跨国公司人力资源管理的因素,消除这些因素将有助于增强跨国公司的竞争力,提高跨国公司雇用人员的素质水平。为了消除现代跨国公司人力资源管理过程中出现的问题,我们提出了一些建议,考虑这些建议将大大改善跨国公司的人力资源管理过程。 关键词人力资源管理、跨国公司、外派人员、管理人员绩效评估。 JEL 分类:J53、J6、F22、F23
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引用次数: 0
STUDY OF THE ANXIETY LEVEL OF PARENTS OF CHILDREN WITH DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS AND COMMUNICATIVE ASPECTS OF PSYCHOEDUCATION 研究发育障碍儿童家长的焦虑程度和心理教育的沟通问题
Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.46361/2449-2604.11.2.2024.159-169
Guranda Shamilishvili, Ketevan Doborjginidze
Guranda Shamilishvili E-mail: guranda.shamilishvili@bsu.edu.ge Assistant Professor, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University Georgia, Batumi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3343-4166   Ketevan Doborjginidze E-mail: ketidobora@gmail.com Psychologist, Master in Clinical Psychology Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University Georgia, Batumi https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9353-4283   Abstract. Caring for children with developmental disorders is an important task in the field of psychology in the modern world. A number of studies have been carried out in this direction, various therapeutic interventions have been introduced to help improve the quality of life of children with developmental disorders. In Georgia, children under 7 years of age with developmental disorders have the opportunity to benefit from early intervention services. Such a service involves a process mediated by the parent/legal representative, and accordingly parents are the area of interest of specialists working in this field. Contemporary approaches to intervention for children with mental developmental disorders include parent-mediated interventions, which in turn include the need for parental psychoeducation. Research in modern Psychology shows that psychoeducation significantly reduces stress levels in parents. Psychoeducation of parents is mainly aimed at reducing the stress index and anxiety level in parents. Stress is the human body’s reaction to the extreme impact of any factors. Stress is an integral part of parenthood and it manifests itself already from pregnancy. The purpose of the present research was to study the level of anxiety of parents of children with developmental disorders. Objectives of the study: to find out if there is a difference between the level of anxiety of parents of children with typical development and the one of parents of children with developmental disorders; to define what issues concern parents of children with developmental disorders most. The hypothesis of the study have been as follows: parents of children with developmental disorders have higher levels of parental anxiety than parents of children with typical development. Based on the results of the studies, it can be said that parents who have children with developmental disorders face various difficulties more often than parents of children with typical development, and are at risk of decreased quality of life. Parents of children with developmental disorders express less satisfaction with life, health, family, and friends, in contrast to parents of children with typical development, and more often witness negative events than parents of children with typical development.                It is relevant to study the level of anxiety of parents of children with developmental disorders, since the level of parental anxiety significantly affects the child’s psyche and his state. It is also worth noting that modern child rehabilitation/habilitation programs rely entirely on working with pa
Guranda Shamilishvili E-mail: guranda.shamilishvili@bsu.edu.ge 助理教授,格鲁吉亚巴统肖塔-鲁斯塔维里国立大学,巴统 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3343-4166 Ketevan Doborjginidze E-mail: ketidobora@gmail.com 心理学家,临床心理学硕士,格鲁吉亚巴统肖塔-鲁斯塔维里国立大学,巴统 https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9353-4283 摘要。照顾发育障碍儿童是现代心理学领域的一项重要任务。在这方面已经开展了大量研究,并引入了各种治疗干预措施,以帮助改善发育障碍儿童的生活质量。在格鲁吉亚,7 岁以下的发育障碍儿童有机会受益于早期干预服务。这种服务涉及一个由家长/法定代理人调解的过程,因此家长是这一领域专家的关注点。当代对精神发育障碍儿童的干预方法包括以家长为中介的干预,这反过来又包括需要对家长进行心理教育。现代心理学的研究表明,心理教育能明显减轻家长的压力。家长心理教育的主要目的是降低家长的压力指数和焦虑水平。压力是人体对任何因素的极端影响的反应。压力是为人父母不可分割的一部分,从怀孕开始就已表现出来。本研究旨在了解发育障碍儿童父母的焦虑程度。研究目的:了解发育典型儿童的父母与发育障碍儿童的父母的焦虑程度是否存在差异;确定发育障碍儿童的父母最关心哪些问题。研究假设如下:发育障碍儿童家长的焦虑程度高于发育典型儿童家长。根据研究结果,可以说有发育障碍儿童的家长比发育正常儿童的家长更经常面临各种困难,生活质量有可能下降。与发育正常儿童的父母相比,发育障碍儿童的父母对生活、健康、家庭和朋友的满意度较低,而且比发育正常儿童的父母更经常目睹负面事件。 研究发育障碍儿童父母的焦虑程度具有重要意义,因为父母的焦虑程度会对儿童的心理和状态产生重大影响。此外,值得注意的是,现代儿童康复计划完全依赖于与家长的合作,因此研究家长的焦虑水平将有利于更好地调整为家长提供的服务,也有利于家长适应现实。 关键词:发展;障碍;儿童;干预;心理;沟通;压力;焦虑。 Jel Classification:H51, A2
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引用次数: 0
THE ROLE OF SOCIAL MEDIA-ADVERTISING IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF GEORGIAN COMPANIES 社交媒体广告在格鲁吉亚公司发展中的作用
Pub Date : 2024-07-18 DOI: 10.46361/2449-2604.11.2.2024.170-184
Guliko Katamadze
Guliko Katamadze E-mail: qatamadze.guliko@bsu.edu.ge Associated Professor, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University Batumi, Georgia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5198-3890   Abstract . The use of social media advertising as a means of marketing communication is gaining strategic importance for companies operating in Georgia. Social media-advertising research is all the more relevant for those firms that are trying to deliver a marketing "message" to a wide audience with minimal costs and brand positioning in the market. The relevance of the problem is determined by the fact that the influence of social media advertising on the development of Georgian companies, their branding process and the effectiveness of the returns received from the investment of their marketing activities has not been properly studied. The purpose of the research is to develop the best mechanism for using social media advertising for companies operating in Georgia, to determine the most favorable form for use as a marketing communication tool based on user behavior. Methods of data collection and observation were used to develop the paper. We used the collection method to assess the possibility of using social media advertising by companies operating in Georgia, and the observation method - to determine the potential of their social media space, based on which the possibilities of increasing the effectiveness of companies through social media advertising were identified. As a result of the research, it is clear that Georgian companies use social media advertising to improve their brand, to attract a new target audience. Social media advertising has a strategic importance in increasing the effectiveness of companies operating in Georgia at all stages of their operation. Accordingly, we can refer to the complex combination of traditional and electronic businesses as a result of using social media advertising, which will help to increase the marketing efforts of companies operating in Georgia and, as a result, their competitiveness and operational efficiency.                                  Keywords: Social media-advertising, marketing effectiveness, social media-space, business.    JEL classification: M31, M37
Guliko Katamadze E-mail: qatamadze.guliko@bsu.edu.ge 格鲁吉亚巴统 Shota Rustaveli 国立大学副教授 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5198-3890 Abstract .对于在格鲁吉亚经营的公司而言,使用社交媒体广告作为营销传播手段的战略意义日益重要。对于那些试图以最低成本向广大受众传递营销 "信息 "并在市场上进行品牌定位的公司而言,社交媒体广告研究就显得尤为重要。社交媒体广告对格鲁吉亚公司的发展、品牌塑造过程和营销活动投资收益效果的影响尚未得到适当研究,这一事实决定了问题的相关性。本研究的目的是为在格鲁吉亚运营的公司制定使用社交媒体广告的最佳机制,根据用户行为确定最适合用作营销传播工具的形式。本文采用了数据收集和观察的方法。我们使用收集法评估在格鲁吉亚运营的公司使用社交媒体广告的可能性,并使用观察法--确定其社交媒体空间的潜力,在此基础上确定通过社交媒体广告提高公司效益的可能性。研究结果表明,格鲁吉亚公司利用社交媒体广告来提升品牌,吸引新的目标受众。社交媒体广告对于提高在格鲁吉亚运营的各阶段公司的效益具有重要的战略意义。因此,我们可以将社交媒体广告的使用称为传统业务与电子商务的复杂结合,这将有助于提高在格鲁吉亚运营的公司的营销力度,从而提高其竞争力和运营效率。 关键词社交媒体广告、营销效果、社交媒体空间、企业。 JEL 分类:M31, M37
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引用次数: 0
STUDY OF DEGREE OF CONFORMITY IN STUDENTS OF DIFFERENT SPECIALTIES 研究不同专业学生的符合程度
Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI: 10.46361/2449-2604.11.2.2024.109-119
Rusudan Ketchakmadze, Lia Metreveli, Shorena Meskhidze, Milena Tavdgiridze
Rusudan Ketchakmadze E-mail: r.kechakmadze@bsu.edu.ge Associate Professor, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University Georgia, Batumi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1046-7264   Lia Metreveli E-mail: metreveli.lia@mail.ru Professor, Georgian Technical University Tbilisi, Georgia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4392-728X   Shorena Meskhidze E-mail: shorena.meskhidze@bsu.edu.ge Assistant, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University Georgia, Batumi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9801-5347   Milena Tavdgiridze E-mail: milena.tavdgiridze.178@gmail.com Third year student of psychology, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University Georgia, Batumi https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1975-431X   Abstract. A person is a being influenced by the environment, and the study of conformism assists us to find out what kind of influence the social environment can have on an individual and by what mechanisms serve social influences. The purpose of our research is to determine how the nature of the social group affects the degree of conformity, and this was influenced by comparing the level of conformity between different professions. Conformism has a significant impact on a whole society, such as small groups within it. With this research, we were able to differentiate how the degree of conformity poles apart in these small groups. For our study we selected students of Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University, 10-10 from each of 15 professions: Psychology, Business Administration, Georgian Philology, Law, Economics, Medicine, Pedagogy, Mathematics, English Philology, Architecture, Computer Sciences, History, Tourism, Engineering, International Relations.  Age: 18, 19, 20, 21, 21 and up. 150 respondents were used in the research, from them – 75 female, 75 male. As an example of research, we took Mehrabian's and Steph's conformity scale. In order to maintain reliability we used the quantitative method, we covered the purpose of the research before conducting it, and introduced it immediately after conducting it. According to these standards we completely secured every norm of ethic codex. The conducted research proved that each group differs in the degree of conformity.   Key words: conformity, social relationship, social group, difference between professions JEL classification: Y800
Rusudan Ketchakmadze E-mail: r.kechakmadze@bsu.edu.ge 副教授,格鲁吉亚巴统 Shota Rustaveli 国立大学,巴统 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1046-7264 Lia Metreveli E-mail: metreveli.lia@mail.ru 教授,格鲁吉亚第比利斯技术大学,格鲁吉亚 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4392-728X Shorena Meskhidze E-mail: shorena.meskhidze@bsu.edu.ge 助理,格鲁吉亚巴统 Shota Rustaveli 国立大学,巴统 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9801-5347 Milena Tavdgiridze E-mail: milena.tavdgiridze.178@gmail.com 心理学三年级学生,格鲁吉亚巴统 Shota Rustaveli 国立大学,巴统 https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1975-431X 摘要。人是受环境影响的存在,对顺应性的研究有助于我们了解社会环境会对个人产生什么样的影响,以及社会影响的机制是什么。我们研究的目的是确定社会群体的性质如何影响顺应性的程度,而这是通过比较不同职业之间的顺应性水平来实现的。墨守成规对整个社会,如社会中的小群体都有重大影响。通过这项研究,我们能够区分这些小群体的顺应程度的差异。在研究中,我们选取了巴统肖塔-鲁斯塔维里国立大学的学生,他们来自 15 个专业,每个专业 10-10 人:心理学、工商管理、格鲁吉亚语言学、法律、经济学、医学、教育学、数学、英语语言学、建筑学、计算机科学、历史学、旅游学、工程学、国际关系学。 年龄:18、19、20、21、21 岁及以上。调查对象共 150 人,其中女性 75 人,男性 75 人。作为研究范例,我们采用了 Mehrabian 和 Steph 的一致性量表。为了保持可靠性,我们使用了定量方法,在进行研究之前,我们介绍了研究的目的,在进行研究之后,我们立即介绍了研究的目的。根据这些标准,我们完全确保了道德法典的每一项规范。研究结果证明,每个群体的顺从程度都不尽相同。 关键词:一致性、社会关系、社会群体、职业差异 JEL 分类:Y800
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引用次数: 0
CONTEMPORARY STATISTICAL TRENDS OF FOREIGN TRADE BY SEA TRANSPORT BY COUNTRY GROUPS 按国家组划分的当代海上运输外贸统计趋势
Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI: 10.46361/2449-2604.11.2.2024.86-100
N. Abesadze, Otar Abesadze, Nino Paresashvili, N. Robitashvili
Nino Abesadze E-mail: nino.abesadze@tsu.ge Associate Professor, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisis State University Tbilisi, Georgia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6564-2771   Otar Abesadze E-mail: o.abesadze@gmail.com Associate Professor, Georgian National University SEU Tbilisi, Georgia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1644-4995   Nino Paresashvili E-mail: nino.paresashvili@tsu.ge Associate Professor, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisis State university Tbilisi, Georgia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7645-6491   Natalia Robitashvili E-mail: nato.robitashvili@bsu.edu.ge Associate Professor, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University Batumi, Georgia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7645-6491   Abstract. At the modern stage of economic development, under the conditions of deepening globalization, the use of correct logistics is becoming more and more relevant, which plays an important role in the development of trade relations between countries and ensuring correct fragmentation of the economy. Today, the situation is such that the presence of certain threats in sea transportation determines the high risk of the possibility of an increase in transportation prices, which is why its influence on price volatility is quite strong. Based on the current situation, the research of maritime logistics issues is becoming more and more relevant in this regard, because the analysis of quantitative indicators of shipments, determination of risk expectations, detection of trends, identification of problems, etc. is an indicator of increasing the effectiveness of maritime logistics. This issue becomes even more important when the issue concerns the activation of trade relations with groups of different countries of the world by sea transport. This process is actively taking place in Georgia today, which is a prerequisite for diversification of transportation by different types of transport and increasing its intensity in the future, and there are signs of this in the country.   As of today, the geographical area of trade relations of Georgia in terms of types of transport is wide, although the quantitative characteristics of foreign trade are differentiated according to individual countries and groups of countries. The main goal of the paper was to identify and analyze the statistical trends of Georgia's foreign trade relations with EU, CIS, BSEC, OECD, GUAM, and EFTA countries. During the stages of statistical research, the methods of statistical observation, gathering-grouping, and analysis are used in the research process. Therefore, the article discusses studies and analyzes the dynamics of foreign trade relations of Georgia with EU, CIS, BSEC, OECD, GUAM, and EFTA countries groups by sea transport. The main statistical indicators of foreign trade turnover, export-import, local export re-export, and the characteristics of the commodity structure are analyzed according to all indicators. The main statistical trends of foreign trade with non-specified country group
Nino Abesadze E-mail: nino.abesadze@tsu.ge Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisis State University Tbilisi, Georgia 副教授 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6564-2771 Otar Abesadze E-mail: o.abesadze@gmail.com Georgian National University SEU Tbilisi, Georgia 副教授 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1644-4995 Nino Paresashvili E-mail: nino.paresashvili@tsu.ge Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisis State University Tbilisi, Georgia 副教授 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7645-6491 Natalia Robitashvili E-mail: nato.robitashvili@bsu.edu.ge Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University Batumi, Georgia 副教授 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7645-6491 摘要。在经济发展的现代阶段,在全球化不断深入的条件下,正确使用物流变得越来越重要,它在发展国家间贸易关系和确保经济正确分工方面发挥着重要作用。如今的情况是,海上运输中存在的某些威胁决定了运输价格可能上涨的高风险,这也是其对价格波动影响相当大的原因。基于当前的形势,对海运物流问题的研究在这方面变得越来越重要,因为分析货运的定量指标、确定风险预期、发现趋势、找出问题等是提高海运物流效率的指标。当这一问题涉及到通过海运与世界不同国家集团激活贸易关系时,它就变得更加重要。如今,格鲁吉亚正在积极开展这一进程,这是通过不同类型的运输实现运输多样化并在未来提高运输强度的先决条件,而格鲁吉亚也有这方面的迹象。 截至目前,格鲁吉亚在运输类型方面的贸易关系地域范围很广,尽管对外贸易的数量特征因各个国家和国家集团而异。本文的主要目标是确定和分析格鲁吉亚与欧盟、独联体、黑海经济合作组织、经合组织、古阿姆集团和欧洲自由贸易联盟国家的外贸关系统计趋势。在统计研究阶段,研究过程中使用了统计观察、收集-分组和分析方法。因此,文章讨论研究和分析了格鲁吉亚与欧盟、独联体、黑海经济合作组织、经合组织、古阿姆集团和欧洲自由贸易联盟国家集团通过海运建立的外贸关系的动态。根据所有指标分析了外贸交易额、进出口、本地出口再出口的主要统计指标以及商品结构的特点。确定了与非特定国家组对外贸易的主要统计趋势,并确定了规律性。得出相关结论。结论。格鲁吉亚的对外贸易关系主要通过公路运输进行,尽管海运以 32.6% 的份额稳居动态第二位;在出口方面,与进口相比,使用公路运输的优势非常明显。欧盟、独联体、黑海经济合作组织、经合组织、古阿姆集团、欧洲自由贸易联盟国家通过海运进行对外贸易的比例正在增加;2016-2023 年,欧盟在各国家组对外贸易中的份额平均增加了 5.3%。 从 2019 年开始,黑海经合组织指标的增长占主导地位,但在 2023 年,欧盟又以 67.4%9 的份额成为出口关系中的最高指标。在对欧盟、独联体、黑海经合组织、经合组织、古阿姆集团、欧洲自由贸易联盟国家的进口方面,有一个明显的趋势:欧盟是上述国家集团中无可争议的领导者。2016-2023 年,欧盟在海运进口中所占份额年均增长 2.6%。欧盟指标的增长记录在当地出口中,而由于与独联体国家贸易关系的加强,海运转口贸易则呈现出完全不同的景象。从这些欧盟、独联体、黑海经济合作组织、经合组织、古阿姆集团、欧洲自由贸易联盟国家中,汽车、石油和石油是格鲁吉亚进口最多的产品,在进口中所占份额分别为 68% 和 32%。铜矿石和铜精矿是出口最多的产品,在欧盟、独联体、黑海经济合作组织、经合组织、古阿姆集团和欧洲自由贸易联盟国家的汽车出口中分别占 38% 和 17%。近年来,出口和进口商品结构均未发生重大变化。 关键字趋势、海运、出口、进口、国家组。 JEL 分类:C0
{"title":"CONTEMPORARY STATISTICAL TRENDS OF FOREIGN TRADE BY SEA TRANSPORT BY COUNTRY GROUPS","authors":"N. Abesadze, Otar Abesadze, Nino Paresashvili, N. Robitashvili","doi":"10.46361/2449-2604.11.2.2024.86-100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46361/2449-2604.11.2.2024.86-100","url":null,"abstract":"Nino Abesadze \u0000E-mail: nino.abesadze@tsu.ge \u0000Associate Professor, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisis State University \u0000Tbilisi, Georgia \u0000https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6564-2771 \u0000  \u0000Otar Abesadze \u0000E-mail: o.abesadze@gmail.com \u0000Associate Professor, Georgian National University SEU \u0000Tbilisi, Georgia \u0000https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1644-4995 \u0000  \u0000Nino Paresashvili \u0000E-mail: nino.paresashvili@tsu.ge \u0000Associate Professor, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisis State university \u0000Tbilisi, Georgia \u0000https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7645-6491 \u0000  \u0000Natalia Robitashvili \u0000E-mail: nato.robitashvili@bsu.edu.ge \u0000Associate Professor, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University \u0000Batumi, Georgia \u0000https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7645-6491 \u0000  \u0000Abstract. At the modern stage of economic development, under the conditions of deepening globalization, the use of correct logistics is becoming more and more relevant, which plays an important role in the development of trade relations between countries and ensuring correct fragmentation of the economy. \u0000Today, the situation is such that the presence of certain threats in sea transportation determines the high risk of the possibility of an increase in transportation prices, which is why its influence on price volatility is quite strong. Based on the current situation, the research of maritime logistics issues is becoming more and more relevant in this regard, because the analysis of quantitative indicators of shipments, determination of risk expectations, detection of trends, identification of problems, etc. is an indicator of increasing the effectiveness of maritime logistics. This issue becomes even more important when the issue concerns the activation of trade relations with groups of different countries of the world by sea transport. This process is actively taking place in Georgia today, which is a prerequisite for diversification of transportation by different types of transport and increasing its intensity in the future, and there are signs of this in the country.   As of today, the geographical area of trade relations of Georgia in terms of types of transport is wide, although the quantitative characteristics of foreign trade are differentiated according to individual countries and groups of countries. \u0000The main goal of the paper was to identify and analyze the statistical trends of Georgia's foreign trade relations with EU, CIS, BSEC, OECD, GUAM, and EFTA countries. \u0000During the stages of statistical research, the methods of statistical observation, gathering-grouping, and analysis are used in the research process. Therefore, the article discusses studies and analyzes the dynamics of foreign trade relations of Georgia with EU, CIS, BSEC, OECD, GUAM, and EFTA countries groups by sea transport. The main statistical indicators of foreign trade turnover, export-import, local export re-export, and the characteristics of the commodity structure are analyzed according to all indicators. The main statistical trends of foreign trade with non-specified country group","PeriodicalId":515952,"journal":{"name":"Innovative economics and management","volume":" 38","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141830001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
CHALLENGES OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT TRANSFORMATION IN THE DIGITAL ECONOMY 数字经济时代企业管理转型的挑战
Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI: 10.46361/2449-2604.11.2.2024.143-158
Davit Katamadze
Davit Katamadze E-mail: qatamadze.davit@bsu.edu.ge Associated Professor,Batumi Shota Rustaveli state University Batumi, Georgia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2992-9326   Abstract: In the conditions of globalization and globalization of the modern world economy, rapid changes in consumer tastes, business management environment, acceleration of digital transformation have brought revolutionary changes in the business activities of companies. New forms of digital interaction and information exchange pose various challenges to businesses and push them to adopt digital solutions. The ongoing hostilities between Russia and Ukraine in the Middle East and the resulting economic uncertainty have prompted companies to radically review the value chain in their business strategy. The purpose of the research is to determine the challenges in the transformation of business management in the conditions of digital business in order to avoid delays in the creation of the value chain of the business strategy of Georgian firms and to meet the rapidly changing needs of consumers. In the paper, the methods of gathering, grouping, analysis and synthesis of materials were used to reveal the problems of digital transformation of modern business management. The method of gathering materials was used to evaluate the possibility of transformation of business management, and the method of observation was used to reveal the potential of digital transformation of business management. On the basis of which the potential of digital transformation of business management was identified and the possibilities of its implementation were analyzed. As a result of the research, the factors hindering the digital transformation of business management were identified, the elimination of which will contribute to increasing the competitiveness of the companies operating in Georgia and raising the qualification level of the personnel employed in them. In order to eliminate the problems arising during the digital transformation of modern business management, we have developed recommendations, the consideration of which will significantly increase the level of competitiveness and management of companies operating in modern Georgia..   Keywords: Business management, digitization, business-wide transformation, creating more value in new business.         JEL classification: M11: M15: IT, M2
Davit Katamadze E-mail: qatamadze.davit@bsu.edu.ge Associated Professor,Batumi Shota Rustaveli state University Batumi, Georgia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2992-9326 摘要:在现代世界经济全球化和全球化的条件下,消费者口味的快速变化、商业管理环境、数字化转型的加速给企业的商业活动带来了革命性的变化。新形式的数字化互动和信息交流给企业带来了各种挑战,并推动企业采用数字化解决方案。俄罗斯和乌克兰在中东地区持续的敌对行动以及由此带来的经济不确定性,促使企业从根本上重新审视其商业战略中的价值链。研究的目的是确定在数字化商业条件下企业管理转型所面临的挑战,以避免格鲁吉亚企业在创建商业战略价值链时出现延误,并满足消费者快速变化的需求。本文采用收集、分组、分析和综合材料的方法来揭示现代企业管理数字化转型的问题。收集材料的方法用于评估企业管理转型的可能性,观察材料的方法用于揭示企业管理数字化转型的潜力。在此基础上,确定了企业管理数字化转型的潜力,并分析了其实施的可能性。研究结果确定了阻碍企业管理数字化转型的因素,消除这些因素将有助于提高在格鲁吉亚运营的企业的竞争力,并提高企业员工的素质水平。为了消除现代企业管理数字化转型过程中出现的问题,我们提出了一些建议,考虑这些建议将大大提高在现代格鲁吉亚运营的公司的竞争力和管理水平。 关键词企业管理、数字化、全企业转型、在新业务中创造更多价值。 JEL 分类:M11: M15: IT, M2
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引用次数: 0
INNOVATIVE APPROACHES TO SUSTAINABLE BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT IN THE ERA OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION 数字化转型时代企业可持续发展的创新方法
Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI: 10.46361/2449-2604.11.2.2024.101-108
Raya Karlibaeva, Rustam Yakhshiboyev
Raya Karlibaeva E-mail: r.karlibaeva@tsue.uz Associate Professor,Tashkent State University of Economics Tashkent, Uzbekistan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8492-9807   Rustam Yakhshiboyev E-mail: r.yaxshiboyev@tsue.uz Senior lecturer, Tashkent State University of Economics Tashkent, Uzbekistan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2733-9085   Abstract: This article examines the process of digital transformation in business, highlighting key aspects such as strategy development, adoption of innovative solutions, and sustainable development. Success factors include adapting to rapid technological changes, investing in IT infrastructure, and developing employees' digital skills. Innovation is crucial for competitive advantage, enabling the creation of new products, improved processes, and enhanced efficiency through technologies like AI, big data, and IoT.    Sustainable development, an integral part of digital transformation, involves economic efficiency, social responsibility, and environmental sustainability. This includes using eco-friendly technologies, reducing carbon footprints, and managing resources responsibly.    The analysis emphasizes that successful digital transformation requires a comprehensive approach, including technological adaptation, robust IT infrastructure, employee skill development, and a culture of innovation. Sustainable practices also play a pivotal role, ensuring long-term success and contributing to a more sustainable and inclusive digital economy.   Keywords: digital transformation, business strategies, innovation, sustainable development, technological changes, IT infrastructure, competitive advantages, digital skills.   JEL classification: O3
Raya Karlibaeva E-mail: r.karlibaeva@tsue.uz 塔什干国立经济大学副教授 乌兹别克斯坦塔什干 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8492-9807 Rustam Yakhshiboyev E-mail: r.yaxshiboyev@tsue.uz 塔什干国立经济大学高级讲师 乌兹别克斯坦塔什干 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2733-9085 摘要:本文探讨了企业数字化转型的过程,强调了战略制定、采用创新解决方案和可持续发展等关键方面。成功因素包括适应快速的技术变革、投资 IT 基础设施和培养员工的数字技能。创新是竞争优势的关键,通过人工智能、大数据和物联网等技术创造新产品、改进流程和提高效率。 可持续发展是数字化转型不可分割的一部分,涉及经济效益、社会责任和环境可持续性。这包括使用环保技术、减少碳足迹和负责任地管理资源。 分析强调,成功的数字化转型需要全面的方法,包括技术改造、强大的 IT 基础设施、员工技能发展和创新文化。可持续实践也发挥着举足轻重的作用,它不仅能确保长期成功,还能促进更具可持续性和包容性的数字经济。 关键词:数字化转型、企业战略、创新、可持续发展、技术变革、IT 基础设施、竞争优势、数字化技能。 JEL 分类:O3
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引用次数: 0
BANKING SUPERVISION THROUGH SUPTECH 通过超级技术进行银行监管
Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI: 10.46361/2449-2604.11.2.2024.74-85
Victor Ababii
Victor Ababii E-mail: ababii.victor@gmail.com PhD student, Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova Head of Division, Reporting and Statistics Department, National Bank of Moldova Chișinău, Republic of Moldova https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9573-0204   Abstract: The banking system requires continuous development to enhance stability and integrity of the financial sector by implementing the latest technological tools. Maintaining a sustainable financial system, resilient to the shocks generated by the digital age and able to adapt and prevent emerging cyber risks remains a priority for supervisory institutions, in response to financial supervision and risk management framework through leveraging state-of-the-art technology for better governance and control. SupTech's primary objective is to promote inclusion in the financial sector by focusing on governance management and digital financing. It`s goal is to support the development of an inclusive financial system built on a robust digital infrastructure that enhances efficiency, transparency, and resilience. As technological innovations advance, financial services have to evolve, requiring financial institutions to adapt their surveillance technologies (SupTech) to safeguard citizen interests. Establishing both normative and technical SupTech frameworks helps supervisory authorities to eliminate gaps in internal processes, streamline workflows, fortify risk management, protect consumers, and maintain financial system stability amid ongoing market changes. Implementing a SupTech framework involves several stages: diagnosing the institution's current state, defining the purpose, vision, and objectives of SupTech, identifying key drivers and adaptive capabilities, evaluating necessary actions, and detailing steps for successful implementation. A thorough diagnosis of the supervisory institution involves IT solutions that facilitate continuous bank monitoring and offsite supervision. This diagnostic analysis includes: (1) Data products – identifying the position and trends to reach the level of AI-augment business intelligence tools; (2) Analytics – aiming to implement analytics tools perspectives; (3) Access controls - with the position on the agency - wide access; (4) Storage – oriented towards the use target of big data tools; (5) Validation and processing – aiming at the use of advanced data processing; (6) Collection – using the latest AI-based collection trends or alternative data sources.   Configuring the SupTech framework involves transforming vulnerabilities into opportunities. For example, automating data flows can address deficiencies in manual data handling, risk assessment, and report generation. Implementing a data warehouse can solve challenges related to data consolidation, multiple analysis tools, system integration complexity, and data correlation. SupTech aims to provide supervisory authorities with reliable, high-quality data, aligning with best practices in governance an
Victor Ababii E-mail: ababii.victor@gmail.com 摩尔多瓦经济研究学院博士生 摩尔多瓦共和国基希讷乌摩尔多瓦国家银行报告与统计部处长 https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9573-0204 摘要:银行系统需要不断发展,通过采用最新的技术工具来提高金融部门的稳定性和完整性。保持一个可持续的金融体系,能够抵御数字时代产生的冲击,并能够适应和预防新出现的网络风险,这仍然是监管机构的首要任务,通过利用最先进的技术改善治理和控制,以应对金融监管和风险管理框架。SupTech 的主要目标是通过关注治理管理和数字融资,促进金融部门的包容性。它的目标是支持发展建立在强大数字基础设施基础上的包容性金融体系,以提高效率、透明度和复原力。随着技术创新的进步,金融服务也必须不断发展,这就要求金融机构调整其监控技术(SupTech),以保障公民利益。建立规范性和技术性 SupTech 框架有助于监管机构消除内部流程中的漏洞,简化工作流程,加强风险管理,保护消费者,并在市场不断变化的情况下维护金融系统的稳定。实施 SupTech 框架涉及几个阶段:诊断机构现状,定义 SupTech 的宗旨、愿景和目标,确定关键驱动因素和适应能力,评估必要行动,以及详细说明成功实施的步骤。对监管机构的全面诊断涉及有助于银行持续监控和非现场监管的 IT 解决方案。诊断分析包括(1)数据产品--确定达到人工智能增强型商业智能工具水平的定位和趋势;(2)分析--旨在实施分析工具的视角;(3)访问控制--在机构范围内访问的定位;(4)存储--面向大数据工具的使用目标;(5)验证和处理--旨在使用先进的数据处理;(6)收集--使用基于人工智能的最新收集趋势或替代数据源。 配置 SupTech 框架涉及将漏洞转化为机遇。例如,数据流自动化可以解决人工数据处理、风险评估和报告生成方面的不足。实施数据仓库可以解决与数据整合、多种分析工具、系统集成复杂性和数据相关性有关的挑战。SupTech 旨在为监管机构提供可靠、高质量的数据,并与治理和数据管理方面的最佳实践保持一致。这可确保监管流程的一致性和对技术进步的适应性。监控流程数字化对提高运营效率至关重要,先进的分析和商业智能解决方案可增强监控信息和决策能力。 关键词监管科技(SupTech)、金融科技(Fintech)、监管科技(Regtech)、风险、数据模型。 JEL 分类:G21
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引用次数: 0
ECONOMICS AND CHILDREN 经济与儿童
Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI: 10.46361/2449-2604.11.2.2024.61-73
Giorgi Katamadze, L. Tavdgiridze, Maia Bolkvadze
Giorgi Katamadze E-mail: giorgi.katamadze@bsu.edu.ge Assistant professor, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University Batumi, Georgia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2602-6861   Lela Tavdgiridze E-mail: lela.tavdgiridze@bsu.edu.ge Professor, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University Batumi, Georgia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8108-8718   Maia Bolkvadze E-mail: maia.bokvadze@bsu.edu.ge Doctor of Philology, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University Batumi, Georgia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4041-5871   Abstract. Economic awareness is the primary foundation for the human factor’s participation in the rapid and irreversible processes of the modern world, which should be formed from the very early childhood education. Economic awareness and interest in connected topics began to emerge around the time that the concepts of "economic awareness," "economic culture," "economic education," and so on were first introduced into scientific literature. According to the hypothesis of this study, children can develop economic awareness through the use of children's literature, including fairy tales. In general, the following three components are especially essential when considering the development of economic consciousness among children: Determination of the appropriate age of children; Identification of educational resources; Development of the methodology for forming economic awareness. In this study the theoretical framework for the research was developed based on Georgian and foreign scientific literature, as well as existing studies in the field of education; the research object was defined; and a mixed methodology of socioeconomic and humanities research was used to analyze the fairy tales and reach conclusions relevant to the research objectives. The work is based on research conducted in private and public kindergartens across Georgia, with both educators and children participating. Furthermore, interviews with early education experts at several Georgian higher education institutions were conducted and the research findings provided. Keywords: economics, children, formation of economic awareness, early childhood education, fairytales JEL Classification: A20; A21; I25; I26; P4;
Giorgi Katamadze E-mail: giorgi.katamadze@bsu.edu.ge 格鲁吉亚巴统 Shota Rustaveli 国立大学助理教授 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2602-6861 Lela Tavdgiridze E-mail: lela.tavdgiridze@bsu.edu.ge 格鲁吉亚巴统 Shota Rustaveli 国立大学教授 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8108-8718 Maia Bolkvadze E-mail: maia.bokvadze@bsu.edu.ge 格鲁吉亚巴统 Shota Rustaveli 国立大学语言学博士 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4041-5871 摘要。经济意识是人类参与现代世界快速且不可逆转进程的首要基础,应从儿童早期教育开始培养。大约在 "经济意识"、"经济文化"、"经济教育 "等概念首次被引入科学文献的时候,经济意识和对相关主题的兴趣就开始出现了。根据本研究的假设,儿童可以通过使用包括童话在内的儿童文学来培养经济意识。总的来说,在考虑培养儿童的经济意识时,以下三个部分尤为重要:确定儿童的适当年龄;确定教育资源;制定培养经济意识的方法。本研究以格鲁吉亚和外国科学文献以及教育领域的现有研究为基础,制定了研究的理论框 架,确定了研究对象,并采用社会经济和人文研究的混合方法来分析童话故事,得出与研究目 标相关的结论。这项工作基于在格鲁吉亚各地的私立和公立幼儿园开展的研究,教育工作者和儿童都参与其中。此外,还对格鲁吉亚几所高等教育机构的早期教育专家进行了访谈,并提供了研究结果。关键词:经济学、儿童、经济意识的形成、幼儿教育、童话 JEL 分类:A20; A21; I25A20;A21;I25;I26;P4;
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引用次数: 0
FORMATION OF EFFECTIVE BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT IN GEORGIA WITH THE ASSISTANCE OF 在教科文组织的协助下在格鲁吉亚形成有效的商业环境
Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI: 10.46361/2449-2604.11.2.2024.120-132
Besik Kvachantiradze
Besik Kvachantiradze E-mail: b.kvatchantiradze@gmail.com PhD Students,Batumi Shota Rustaveli state University Batumi, Georgia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2833-1007   Abstract: The article discusses the stages of formation of the business environment of Georgia and the ways of its improvement with the cooperation of the European Union. Strengthening relations with the European Union has been the main goal of Georgia's foreign policy for years. Small and medium-sized enterprises, which are the basis of the successful development of the European Union, in recent decade have been operating in close collaboration with large businesses. Therefore, in our opinion, it is interesting to analyze the ratio of large, medium and small enterprises in the European Union. Since Georgia has taken the direction to European development, a number of reforms have been implemented in the country to encourage small and medium-sized businesses, which in turn has a possitive effect on the development of the country's overall economy. In addition to the state support for small businesses in the European Union, all member states have their own national system for stimulating the development of small businesses, the purpose of which is to create an economic climate that will contribute to the creation of economic conditions and normal functioning. This, in the first place, includes the creation of national institutions and the organization of financial assistance, training system for enterprise manager and entrepreneurs who want to start independent activities. Under taking European experience and mechanisms into consideration, a number of projects were implemented in Georgia, which contributed to the expansion and development of Georgian small and medium-sized businesses, in addition, retraining of the Georgian workforce and adjusting working conditions to European standards. Moreover, Georgia can greatly accelerate its economic development, strengthen its competitiveness and achieve its goals - through sustainable growth and job creation. Cooperation with the European Union offers Georgia great opportunities for learning, innovation and integration into the global economy. The article offers recommendations and suggestions that focus on creating closer relations with the European Union and attracting more foreign investment, which will ensure the economic prosperity of the country.   Keywords: Business environment, small and medium business, cooperation with the European Union.   JEL classification: O1, G2, E4
Besik Kvachantiradze E-mail: b.kvatchantiradze@gmail.com 博士生,Batumi Shota Rustaveli state University Batumi, Georgia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2833-1007 摘要:文章讨论了格鲁吉亚商业环境的形成阶段以及与欧盟合作改善商业环境的途径。多年来,加强与欧盟的关系一直是格鲁吉亚外交政策的主要目标。中小型企业是欧盟成功发展的基础,近十年来,中小型企业一直与大型企业密切合作。因此,我们认为,分析欧盟中大、中、小型企业的比例是很有意义的。自格鲁吉亚向欧洲发展以来,该国实施了一系列改革,以鼓励中小型企业,这反过来又对国家整体经济的发展产生了积极影响。除了欧盟国家对小企业的支持外,所有成员国都有自己的刺激小企业发展的国家制度,其目的是创造一种有助于创造经济条件和正常运转的经济环境。这首先包括建立国家机构、组织财政援助、为企业经理和希望开始独立活动的企业家提供培训系统。考虑到欧洲的经验和机制,格鲁吉亚实施了许多项目,这些项目有助于格鲁吉亚中小型企业的扩张和发展,此外,还对格鲁吉亚劳动力进行了再培训,并根据欧洲标准调整了工作条件。此外,格鲁吉亚可以通过可持续增长和创造就业机会,大大加快经济发展,增强竞争力,实现自己的目标。与欧盟的合作为格鲁吉亚提供了学习、创新和融入全球经济的绝佳机会。文章就如何与欧盟建立更密切的关系和吸引更多外国投资提出了建议和意见,这将确保格鲁吉亚的经济繁荣。 关键词商业环境、中小企业、与欧盟的合作。 JEL 分类:O1, G2, E4
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Innovative economics and management
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