Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.1017/S0022216X22000864
L. Sansone
{"title":"Patricia de Santana Pinho, Mapping Diaspora: African American Roots Tourism in Brazil (Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 2018), pp. xiii + 253, $29.95 pb.","authors":"L. Sansone","doi":"10.1017/S0022216X22000864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022216X22000864","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51630,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Latin American Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45916886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.1017/s0022216x22000852
E. Mendieta
{"title":"Thomas Ward, Coloniality and the Rise of Liberation Thinking during the Sixteenth Century (Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2021), pp. 259, €99.00 hb.","authors":"E. Mendieta","doi":"10.1017/s0022216x22000852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x22000852","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51630,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Latin American Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43418331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.1017/S0022216X2200075X
Wendy Hunter
Legal Identity, Race and Belonging in the Dominican Republic: From Citizen to Foreigner analyses how thousands of persons of Haitian ancestry recently found themselves needing to re-establish or establish their legal Dominican identity when officials
{"title":"Eve Hayes de Kalaf, Legal Identity, Race and Belonging in the Dominican Republic: From Citizen to Foreigner (London and New York: Anthem Press, 2021), pp. 146, £80.00 hb, £19.99 pb; $125.00 hb, $26.99 pb; E-book.","authors":"Wendy Hunter","doi":"10.1017/S0022216X2200075X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022216X2200075X","url":null,"abstract":"Legal Identity, Race and Belonging in the Dominican Republic: From Citizen to Foreigner analyses how thousands of persons of Haitian ancestry recently found themselves needing to re-establish or establish their legal Dominican identity when officials","PeriodicalId":51630,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Latin American Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43643658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.1017/S0022216X22000736
Sofia Mercader
arrest in London in 1998 for internationally condemned human-rights crimes. Loxton frames his research questions broadly in terms of key debates regarding party-building and electoral politics in Latin America during the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. The four country case studies are based on an extensive examination of primary and secondary materials, and the author admirably supplements those materials with interviews with conservative party leaders (cited simply as ‘national UDI leader’, ‘former PAN leader’, and so forth) in Argentina, Chile, El Salvador and Guatemala. Labelling the interviewees more precisely would have avoided ambiguity concerning the number and the position of the individuals whose views Loxton solicited (did he interview the same ‘national UDI leader’ on the different dates cited, or do different dates indicate interviews with more than one national UDI leader?). The interviews are, nonetheless, invaluable for the insights they offer into party leaders’ motivations, their perceptions of foundational events in the histories of conservative ASPs, and the challenges that conservative political parties face when engaged in multiparty democratic electoral competition.
{"title":"Margarita Fajardo, The World that Latin America Created: The United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America in the Development Era (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2022), pp. 281, $39.95 hb; £31.95 hb.","authors":"Sofia Mercader","doi":"10.1017/S0022216X22000736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022216X22000736","url":null,"abstract":"arrest in London in 1998 for internationally condemned human-rights crimes. Loxton frames his research questions broadly in terms of key debates regarding party-building and electoral politics in Latin America during the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. The four country case studies are based on an extensive examination of primary and secondary materials, and the author admirably supplements those materials with interviews with conservative party leaders (cited simply as ‘national UDI leader’, ‘former PAN leader’, and so forth) in Argentina, Chile, El Salvador and Guatemala. Labelling the interviewees more precisely would have avoided ambiguity concerning the number and the position of the individuals whose views Loxton solicited (did he interview the same ‘national UDI leader’ on the different dates cited, or do different dates indicate interviews with more than one national UDI leader?). The interviews are, nonetheless, invaluable for the insights they offer into party leaders’ motivations, their perceptions of foundational events in the histories of conservative ASPs, and the challenges that conservative political parties face when engaged in multiparty democratic electoral competition.","PeriodicalId":51630,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Latin American Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46067500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.1017/S0022216X22000840
Prisca Gayles
{"title":"Paulina L. Alberto, Black Legend: The Many Lives of Raúl Grigera and the Power of Racial Storytelling in Argentina (Cambridge and New York, 2022), pp. 510, £25.00 hb; $29.95 hb; E-book.","authors":"Prisca Gayles","doi":"10.1017/S0022216X22000840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022216X22000840","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51630,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Latin American Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45289772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-25DOI: 10.1017/S0022216X22000670
Kieran Gilfoy
Abstract Conflict has become a central concept to understanding the recent expansion of mining across the Andes. Yet, while contestation can emerge and has done so, the continued extraction of minerals requires scholars to attend to how mining projects maintain viability. This article moves beyond analyses of conflict to elucidate the role of compromise in achieving temporary states of homeostasis. Using ethnographic data collected at the Las Bambas copper mine in the highlands of southern Peru, I explore the agential navigation of communities affected by mining and the projects they develop in pursuit of ‘a better life’. The article elucidates the challenges that industrial production presents for professional employment, the limitations of boomtown hustling (informal economic activity) for aspiring individuals, and the rise of artisanal mining as a project of social mobility. Ultimately, the acceptance of such ‘illegal’ mining by corporate proprietors demonstrates the complementary nature that informal and formal extraction play in allaying the momentum of conflict.
{"title":"Mechanised Pits and Artisanal Tunnels: The Incongruences and Complementarities of Mining Investment in the Peruvian Andes","authors":"Kieran Gilfoy","doi":"10.1017/S0022216X22000670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022216X22000670","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Conflict has become a central concept to understanding the recent expansion of mining across the Andes. Yet, while contestation can emerge and has done so, the continued extraction of minerals requires scholars to attend to how mining projects maintain viability. This article moves beyond analyses of conflict to elucidate the role of compromise in achieving temporary states of homeostasis. Using ethnographic data collected at the Las Bambas copper mine in the highlands of southern Peru, I explore the agential navigation of communities affected by mining and the projects they develop in pursuit of ‘a better life’. The article elucidates the challenges that industrial production presents for professional employment, the limitations of boomtown hustling (informal economic activity) for aspiring individuals, and the rise of artisanal mining as a project of social mobility. Ultimately, the acceptance of such ‘illegal’ mining by corporate proprietors demonstrates the complementary nature that informal and formal extraction play in allaying the momentum of conflict.","PeriodicalId":51630,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Latin American Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45776483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-21DOI: 10.1017/S0022216X22000700
Jorge Atria
Abstract Even though a vast literature has addressed perceptions and beliefs on taxes, progressivity and redistribution, few studies have specifically studied the perceptions of economic elites in this regard. This group is relevant for its affluence and influence, and therefore elites’ ideas and preferences have a major impact on tax-policy configuration. This study analyses the perceptions of the economic elite on redistribution and progressivity in Chile. Based on in-depth interviews and historical documents, such notions are examined by mixing concrete evaluations of income tax and value-added tax (VAT) and more general attitudes towards the role of the tax system in economic development. Results show that redistribution is negatively evaluated, which coexists with a strong willingness to contribute to poverty relief through social initiatives outside the state. Additionally, progressivity is sidelined while highlighting growth, tax neutrality, and incentives to entrepreneurship as the main priorities of tax design. The historical analysis shows that although the Chilean tax regime has always been based on indirect taxes and levies on natural resources, neoliberal reforms and ideological renovation during the Pinochet dictatorship narrowed the general framework of tax ideas among business and political sectors and reversed progressive advances in inequality reduction and direct taxation that had been made during the previous decades.
{"title":"No Taxation without Efficiency? Elite Perceptions of Redistribution and Progressivity in Chile","authors":"Jorge Atria","doi":"10.1017/S0022216X22000700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022216X22000700","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Even though a vast literature has addressed perceptions and beliefs on taxes, progressivity and redistribution, few studies have specifically studied the perceptions of economic elites in this regard. This group is relevant for its affluence and influence, and therefore elites’ ideas and preferences have a major impact on tax-policy configuration. This study analyses the perceptions of the economic elite on redistribution and progressivity in Chile. Based on in-depth interviews and historical documents, such notions are examined by mixing concrete evaluations of income tax and value-added tax (VAT) and more general attitudes towards the role of the tax system in economic development. Results show that redistribution is negatively evaluated, which coexists with a strong willingness to contribute to poverty relief through social initiatives outside the state. Additionally, progressivity is sidelined while highlighting growth, tax neutrality, and incentives to entrepreneurship as the main priorities of tax design. The historical analysis shows that although the Chilean tax regime has always been based on indirect taxes and levies on natural resources, neoliberal reforms and ideological renovation during the Pinochet dictatorship narrowed the general framework of tax ideas among business and political sectors and reversed progressive advances in inequality reduction and direct taxation that had been made during the previous decades.","PeriodicalId":51630,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Latin American Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45877331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-19DOI: 10.1017/S0022216X22000694
J. French
Abstract If David Bell in his book Men on Horseback (2020) focuses on what is political charisma, how it functions, and what it means ‘to write its history’, this article examines how Brazil's ex-President Luís Inácio Lula da Silva (‘Lula’) acquired charisma during the dramatic 1978–80 metalworkers’ strikes in the industrial ABC region of São Paulo, Brazil. While generating a vast literature, scholars of the ABC strikes have evaded the question of how Lula, the gifted organiser, emerged as a recognisably charismatic figure. This article explains where, when and why this happened and how a charismatic bond was forged as 100,000 stigmatised, fearful, self-doubting ‘peons’ came to constitute themselves as a locally articulated social actor, a group in fusion, whose boldness and creativity led to extraordinary feats of organisation and mobilisation. Arguing against conflating charisma and populism, it also establishes the utility of the theorisation of group-making advanced in the Critique of Dialectical Reason (1960) by Jean-Paul Sartre.
摘要如果大卫·贝尔（David Bell）在其著作《马背上的男人》（2020）中关注什么是政治魅力，它是如何发挥作用的，以及“书写历史”意味着什么，本文将探讨巴西前总统路易斯·伊纳西奥·卢拉·达席尔瓦（Luís inácio Lula da Silva，“Lula”）是如何在1978年至80年巴西圣保罗ABC工业区金属工人的戏剧性罢工中获得魅力的。美国广播公司罢工的学者们在撰写大量文献的同时，回避了天才组织者卢拉是如何成为公认的魅力人物的问题。这篇文章解释了这种情况发生的地点、时间和原因，以及当10万名被污名化、恐惧、自我怀疑的“人”开始将自己塑造成一个当地的社会行动者时，一个融合中的团体，其大胆和创造力导致了非凡的组织和动员壮举。它反对将魅力主义和民粹主义混为一谈，还确立了让-保罗·萨特在《辩证理性批判》（1960）中提出的群体制造理论的效用。
{"title":"Charisma's Birth from the Bottom Up: Lula, ABC's Metalworkers’ Strikes and the Social History of Brazilian Politics","authors":"J. French","doi":"10.1017/S0022216X22000694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022216X22000694","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract If David Bell in his book Men on Horseback (2020) focuses on what is political charisma, how it functions, and what it means ‘to write its history’, this article examines how Brazil's ex-President Luís Inácio Lula da Silva (‘Lula’) acquired charisma during the dramatic 1978–80 metalworkers’ strikes in the industrial ABC region of São Paulo, Brazil. While generating a vast literature, scholars of the ABC strikes have evaded the question of how Lula, the gifted organiser, emerged as a recognisably charismatic figure. This article explains where, when and why this happened and how a charismatic bond was forged as 100,000 stigmatised, fearful, self-doubting ‘peons’ came to constitute themselves as a locally articulated social actor, a group in fusion, whose boldness and creativity led to extraordinary feats of organisation and mobilisation. Arguing against conflating charisma and populism, it also establishes the utility of the theorisation of group-making advanced in the Critique of Dialectical Reason (1960) by Jean-Paul Sartre.","PeriodicalId":51630,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Latin American Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42549343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-11DOI: 10.1017/S0022216X22000682
A. Beraldo
Abstract Drawing on extensive ethnographic fieldwork carried out in a large favela of Belo Horizonte, this study argues that there are three logics at play when it comes to regulating violence in poor Brazilian urban areas: that of crime, that of the state, and that of religion. These three logics act as normative regimes which, connected by the shared notion of ‘respect’, form symbolical relationships among themselves alternating between dissonance and coordination. This everyday interaction produces a normative triangle that determines which lives are more and which are less valuable and, therefore, the likeliest target of violence.
{"title":"The Social Dynamics of Violence and Respect: State, Crime and Church in a Brazilian Favela","authors":"A. Beraldo","doi":"10.1017/S0022216X22000682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022216X22000682","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Drawing on extensive ethnographic fieldwork carried out in a large favela of Belo Horizonte, this study argues that there are three logics at play when it comes to regulating violence in poor Brazilian urban areas: that of crime, that of the state, and that of religion. These three logics act as normative regimes which, connected by the shared notion of ‘respect’, form symbolical relationships among themselves alternating between dissonance and coordination. This everyday interaction produces a normative triangle that determines which lives are more and which are less valuable and, therefore, the likeliest target of violence.","PeriodicalId":51630,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Latin American Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45974664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-19DOI: 10.1017/s0022216x22000505
O. Sanchez-Sibony
Abstract In the winter of 1968, tensions between Cuba and the Soviet Union boiled over as the Cuban leadership's mouthpiece, Granma, accused the Soviet Union of imposing oil sanctions on the island in order to subjugate it. Those accusations went on to become inscribed into the historiography of Soviet–Cuban relations. This intervention into that historiography is two-fold: on the one hand it uses recently declassified documents from the Soviet archives to show that there were no oil sanctions on Cuba, but rather a continuum of logistical and infrastructural challenges that created delays and tensions in the relations between these two socialist allies. On the other hand, the article contextualises the relationship within the capitalist institutions of exchange that in effect mediated it, finding in these not only part of the reason for the setbacks and tensions, but also a wider framework for better understanding the Soviet–Cuban economic relationship.
{"title":"Cuba, Soviet Oil, and the Sanctions that Never Were: An Archival Investigation of Socialist Relations","authors":"O. Sanchez-Sibony","doi":"10.1017/s0022216x22000505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x22000505","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the winter of 1968, tensions between Cuba and the Soviet Union boiled over as the Cuban leadership's mouthpiece, Granma, accused the Soviet Union of imposing oil sanctions on the island in order to subjugate it. Those accusations went on to become inscribed into the historiography of Soviet–Cuban relations. This intervention into that historiography is two-fold: on the one hand it uses recently declassified documents from the Soviet archives to show that there were no oil sanctions on Cuba, but rather a continuum of logistical and infrastructural challenges that created delays and tensions in the relations between these two socialist allies. On the other hand, the article contextualises the relationship within the capitalist institutions of exchange that in effect mediated it, finding in these not only part of the reason for the setbacks and tensions, but also a wider framework for better understanding the Soviet–Cuban economic relationship.","PeriodicalId":51630,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Latin American Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45998322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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