Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.1017/s0022216x23000226
{"title":"LAS volume 55 issue 1 Cover and Back matter","authors":"","doi":"10.1017/s0022216x23000226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x23000226","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51630,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Latin American Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43766144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.1017/S0022216X23000044
Matias López
Abstract What motivated right-wing and conservative parties to endorse a policy of land expropriation and redistribution in Brazil? I argue that urban-dominated right-wing parties endorsed agrarian reform in order to: (i) reduce crime in wealthier metropolises by reversing rural–urban migration; and (ii) gain competitive advantage against left-wing challengers. To test this argument I conduct process tracing, analysing over 500 elite statements about agrarian reform, drawn from archival, interview and survey data. In addition, I model land expropriations at the municipal level and show how right-wing administrations disproportionately expropriated land in the states of origin of migrants and, within those, in localities where the Left was more competitive. My results portray how two externalities of inequality – crime and competition with the Left – motivated conservative support for agrarian reform in Brazil.
{"title":"Unlikely Expropriators: Why Right-Wing Parties Implemented Agrarian Reform in Democratic Brazil","authors":"Matias López","doi":"10.1017/S0022216X23000044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022216X23000044","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract What motivated right-wing and conservative parties to endorse a policy of land expropriation and redistribution in Brazil? I argue that urban-dominated right-wing parties endorsed agrarian reform in order to: (i) reduce crime in wealthier metropolises by reversing rural–urban migration; and (ii) gain competitive advantage against left-wing challengers. To test this argument I conduct process tracing, analysing over 500 elite statements about agrarian reform, drawn from archival, interview and survey data. In addition, I model land expropriations at the municipal level and show how right-wing administrations disproportionately expropriated land in the states of origin of migrants and, within those, in localities where the Left was more competitive. My results portray how two externalities of inequality – crime and competition with the Left – motivated conservative support for agrarian reform in Brazil.","PeriodicalId":51630,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Latin American Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43693702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.1017/s0022216x23000093
Matthew D. Brown
{"title":"David Rock, The British in Argentina: Commerce, Settlers and Power, 1800–2000 (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2019), xxi + 424 pp.","authors":"Matthew D. Brown","doi":"10.1017/s0022216x23000093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x23000093","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51630,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Latin American Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44226327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.1017/S0022216X2300010X
P. Simonetto
{"title":"Natalia Milanesio, ¡Destape! Sex, Democracy, and Freedom in Postdictatorial Argentina (Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2019), x + 326 pp.","authors":"P. Simonetto","doi":"10.1017/S0022216X2300010X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022216X2300010X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51630,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Latin American Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46082271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.1017/s0022216x23000068
Tom Long
{"title":"Piero Gleijeses, America's Road to Empire: Foreign Policy from Independence to World War One (London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2022), vii + 379 pp.","authors":"Tom Long","doi":"10.1017/s0022216x23000068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x23000068","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51630,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Latin American Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47533140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.1017/S0022216X23000123
Christina M. Jiménez
‘recognizes the crucial significance of immigrant social capital and ethnic resources’ but also situates them within a ‘wider social, economic, and political contexts of the host country’ (p. 4). While Kim’s research highlights substantial ethnic resources – such as gye (rotating credit system) and the circulation of capital and expertise among family and community members – it also registers business connections with the Jewish community which had dominated the garment industry in prior decades, and the complicated labour relations formed with co-ethnics, other immigrant groups, and native Argentines against the backdrop of changing economic situations, industry-wide informal practices and robust (yet often unenforced) labour laws. As such, this study provides a comprehensive and complex, rather than reductive, understanding of Korean experiences and entrepreneurship. Also notable and enriching is the weight given to the multitude of experiences of Korean immigrants as recounted directly by interviewees, from the earliest of Korean immigrants to second-generation ethnic Koreans born in Argentina, that reflect the subjectivity, heterogeneity and hybridity of the Korean diaspora in Argentina and beyond. Applying the theory of mixed embeddedness – beyond broad economic and political situations and the industry’s structure – to the many issues that might have affected the ‘emergence, consolidation, and evolution of the Korean garment business’ (p. 5), From Sweatshop to Fashion Shop should be of interest to readers in multiple disciplines studying Argentina, the Korean diaspora, Asian–Latin American connections, inter-ethnic labour relations and ethnic entrepreneurship, among other topics. An aspect that could be further explored in future research would be the function of race in this industry and environment. While Kim’s interviewees did not much raise the topic of racism and discrimination – other than to point indirectly at a general lack of ‘social capital’ – racial ideas, stereotypes and hierarchies appear to permeate inter-group relationships and perceptions among ethnic Koreans, Bolivians, Jews and mainstream Argentines.
{"title":"Ingrid Bleynat, Vendors’ Capitalism: A Political Economy of Public Markets in Mexico City (Redwood City, CA: Stanford University Press, 2021), 264 pp.","authors":"Christina M. Jiménez","doi":"10.1017/S0022216X23000123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022216X23000123","url":null,"abstract":"‘recognizes the crucial significance of immigrant social capital and ethnic resources’ but also situates them within a ‘wider social, economic, and political contexts of the host country’ (p. 4). While Kim’s research highlights substantial ethnic resources – such as gye (rotating credit system) and the circulation of capital and expertise among family and community members – it also registers business connections with the Jewish community which had dominated the garment industry in prior decades, and the complicated labour relations formed with co-ethnics, other immigrant groups, and native Argentines against the backdrop of changing economic situations, industry-wide informal practices and robust (yet often unenforced) labour laws. As such, this study provides a comprehensive and complex, rather than reductive, understanding of Korean experiences and entrepreneurship. Also notable and enriching is the weight given to the multitude of experiences of Korean immigrants as recounted directly by interviewees, from the earliest of Korean immigrants to second-generation ethnic Koreans born in Argentina, that reflect the subjectivity, heterogeneity and hybridity of the Korean diaspora in Argentina and beyond. Applying the theory of mixed embeddedness – beyond broad economic and political situations and the industry’s structure – to the many issues that might have affected the ‘emergence, consolidation, and evolution of the Korean garment business’ (p. 5), From Sweatshop to Fashion Shop should be of interest to readers in multiple disciplines studying Argentina, the Korean diaspora, Asian–Latin American connections, inter-ethnic labour relations and ethnic entrepreneurship, among other topics. An aspect that could be further explored in future research would be the function of race in this industry and environment. While Kim’s interviewees did not much raise the topic of racism and discrimination – other than to point indirectly at a general lack of ‘social capital’ – racial ideas, stereotypes and hierarchies appear to permeate inter-group relationships and perceptions among ethnic Koreans, Bolivians, Jews and mainstream Argentines.","PeriodicalId":51630,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Latin American Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45613627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.1017/S0022216X23000020
N. Winters
Abstract This article contributes to migration and livelihood scholarship by reflecting on global and political dimensions of livelihoods and experiences of illegalisation in Central America. Based on multi-sited ethnographic research with Nicaraguan families and their migrant family members in Costa Rica, the article adopts a translocal livelihood perspective and uses the notion of everyday politics to explore migrants’ mobility practices and nuance the role and reach of illegalisation in relatively accessible South–South migration. In conclusion, the article reinvigorates the notion of ‘everyday politics of mobility’ to incorporate the multi-sitedness, multi-dimensionality and multi-directionality of translocalising livelihoods, offering a lens for future comparison of illegalisation within and beyond the so-called Global South.
{"title":"Everyday Politics of Mobility: Translocal Livelihoods and Illegalisation in the Global South","authors":"N. Winters","doi":"10.1017/S0022216X23000020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022216X23000020","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article contributes to migration and livelihood scholarship by reflecting on global and political dimensions of livelihoods and experiences of illegalisation in Central America. Based on multi-sited ethnographic research with Nicaraguan families and their migrant family members in Costa Rica, the article adopts a translocal livelihood perspective and uses the notion of everyday politics to explore migrants’ mobility practices and nuance the role and reach of illegalisation in relatively accessible South–South migration. In conclusion, the article reinvigorates the notion of ‘everyday politics of mobility’ to incorporate the multi-sitedness, multi-dimensionality and multi-directionality of translocalising livelihoods, offering a lens for future comparison of illegalisation within and beyond the so-called Global South.","PeriodicalId":51630,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Latin American Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45299422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.1017/S0022216X23000159
A. L. Ruano
{"title":"David S. Dalton and Douglas J. Weatherford (eds.), Healthcare in Latin America: History, Society, Culture (Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida, 2022), 317 pp.","authors":"A. L. Ruano","doi":"10.1017/S0022216X23000159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022216X23000159","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51630,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Latin American Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48841067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.1017/s0022216x23000147
Joshua Frens-string
{"title":"Alan McPherson, Ghosts of Sheridan Circle: How a Washington Assassination Brought Pinochet's Terror State to Justice (Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 2019), 382 pp.","authors":"Joshua Frens-string","doi":"10.1017/s0022216x23000147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x23000147","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51630,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Latin American Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45041519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.1017/s0022216x23000135
W. Booth
nineteenth century to organising into workers’ unions in the twentieth century – did yield some substantial gains. For instance, the establishment of a dedicated lending bank for vendors in 1943, the Banco del Pequeño Comercio del Distrito Federal (the Federal District Bank for Petty Commerce), addressed critical issues of credit for sellers and led to the organisation of credit unions. Vendor politics also undergirded the establishment of 160 new public market places throughout the city. Another notable long-term outcome of these decades of vendor activism was their inclusion in the establishment of the Confederación Nacional de Organizaciones Populares (National Confederation of Popular Organisations, CNOP), the largest sector of the postrevolutionary state’s official party in the 1930s. Vendors’ Capitalism argues that, despite some gains, street vendors and market sellers needed to continually voice their demands in order to force action on the part of urban policymakers. Bleynat explains that, even after the establishment of so many new markets, tens of thousands of vendors remained on the streets of Mexico City, who were vulnerable to the oppressive tactics of urban police and market inspectors, while many of the largest vender organisations and unions turned a blind eye to their situation. Overall, the expansive time period of the book enables Bleynat to demonstrate the historical and more contemporary centrality of markets as contested spaces and as spaces of subsistence, since selling was a primary means of production for a significant number of Mexico City residents across this time period. Vendors’ Capitalism will be essential scholarship for its contributions to Mexican history and comparative urban history of markets and sellers; it should also be read by those interested in the informal economy, internal worker hierarchies, contested public spaces, the politics of union organising, urban planning and urban development.
从19世纪到20世纪组织工会，确实取得了一些实质性的成果。例如，1943年成立了一家专门为卖家提供贷款的银行，即联邦地区小额商业银行（Banco del Pequeño Comercio del Distrito Federal），解决了卖家信贷的关键问题，并促成了信用合作社的组织。小贩政治也为在全市建立160个新的公共市场奠定了基础。这几十年的供应商行动主义的另一个值得注意的长期成果是，他们加入了成立全国人民组织联盟（全国人民组织联合会，CNOP），这是20世纪30年代革命后国家官方政党的最大部门。小贩资本主义认为，尽管取得了一些进展，但街头小贩和市场小贩需要不断表达他们的要求，以迫使城市决策者采取行动。Bleynat解释说，即使在建立了这么多新市场之后，墨西哥城的街道上仍有数以万计的小贩，他们很容易受到城市警察和市场检查员的压迫，而许多最大的供应商组织和工会对他们的处境视而不见。总的来说，这本书的广阔时间段使布莱纳特能够证明市场作为竞争空间和生存空间的历史和更现代的中心地位，因为在这一时期，销售是墨西哥城大量居民的主要生产手段。小贩资本主义将是其对墨西哥历史以及市场和小贩的比较城市历史的贡献的重要学术；对非正规经济、内部工人等级制度、有争议的公共空间、工会组织政治、城市规划和城市发展感兴趣的人也应该阅读这本书。
{"title":"Stephen G. Rabe, Kissinger and Latin America: Intervention, Human Rights, and Diplomacy (Ithaca, NY and London: Cornell University Press, 2020), ix + 316 pp.","authors":"W. Booth","doi":"10.1017/s0022216x23000135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x23000135","url":null,"abstract":"nineteenth century to organising into workers’ unions in the twentieth century – did yield some substantial gains. For instance, the establishment of a dedicated lending bank for vendors in 1943, the Banco del Pequeño Comercio del Distrito Federal (the Federal District Bank for Petty Commerce), addressed critical issues of credit for sellers and led to the organisation of credit unions. Vendor politics also undergirded the establishment of 160 new public market places throughout the city. Another notable long-term outcome of these decades of vendor activism was their inclusion in the establishment of the Confederación Nacional de Organizaciones Populares (National Confederation of Popular Organisations, CNOP), the largest sector of the postrevolutionary state’s official party in the 1930s. Vendors’ Capitalism argues that, despite some gains, street vendors and market sellers needed to continually voice their demands in order to force action on the part of urban policymakers. Bleynat explains that, even after the establishment of so many new markets, tens of thousands of vendors remained on the streets of Mexico City, who were vulnerable to the oppressive tactics of urban police and market inspectors, while many of the largest vender organisations and unions turned a blind eye to their situation. Overall, the expansive time period of the book enables Bleynat to demonstrate the historical and more contemporary centrality of markets as contested spaces and as spaces of subsistence, since selling was a primary means of production for a significant number of Mexico City residents across this time period. Vendors’ Capitalism will be essential scholarship for its contributions to Mexican history and comparative urban history of markets and sellers; it should also be read by those interested in the informal economy, internal worker hierarchies, contested public spaces, the politics of union organising, urban planning and urban development.","PeriodicalId":51630,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Latin American Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46902144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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