Pub Date : 2021-05-10DOI: 10.14198/JHSE.2023.181.05
Myriam Alvariñas-Villaverde, Elena Giménez de Ory, Belén Toja-Reboredo, M. González-Valeiro
Understanding which factors influence participation in physical activity is essential for the development and improvement of public health intervention. The aim of this study was to provide an explanatory prediction model for physical activity level in adolescents, involving a number of influencing variables. 576 participants took part in the study: 275 boys and 301 girls aged between 12 and 18 years old ( M = 14.80; SD = 1.180). They attended one of the 11 selected schools from Galicia (Spain), chosen by sampling in the seven main urban areas in that region. The International Questionnaire on Physical Education, Health and Lifestyle was administered. The findings revealed that age, sex, physical perceived competence and sport practice with friends had statistically significant influence on physical activity index. By contrast, the influence of perception of physical attractiveness could not be confirmed. Sport practice with friends and physical perceived competence were the main predicting variables for physical activity level. All this knowledge must be taken into account by physical activity and sport professionals, such as teachers or trainers. Likewise, to improve physical perceived competence, it is essential to offer a wide variety of activities, to propose different levels of problem resolution, to help students make adaptive causal attributions based on effort, and to break gender stereotypes. Strategies involving school mates or friends in different PA and sport projects are needed.
{"title":"Sport practice with friends and perceived physical competence as predictors of physical activity in adolescents","authors":"Myriam Alvariñas-Villaverde, Elena Giménez de Ory, Belén Toja-Reboredo, M. González-Valeiro","doi":"10.14198/JHSE.2023.181.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14198/JHSE.2023.181.05","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding which factors influence participation in physical activity is essential for the development and improvement of public health intervention. The aim of this study was to provide an explanatory prediction model for physical activity level in adolescents, involving a number of influencing variables. 576 participants took part in the study: 275 boys and 301 girls aged between 12 and 18 years old ( M = 14.80; SD = 1.180). They attended one of the 11 selected schools from Galicia (Spain), chosen by sampling in the seven main urban areas in that region. The International Questionnaire on Physical Education, Health and Lifestyle was administered. The findings revealed that age, sex, physical perceived competence and sport practice with friends had statistically significant influence on physical activity index. By contrast, the influence of perception of physical attractiveness could not be confirmed. Sport practice with friends and physical perceived competence were the main predicting variables for physical activity level. All this knowledge must be taken into account by physical activity and sport professionals, such as teachers or trainers. Likewise, to improve physical perceived competence, it is essential to offer a wide variety of activities, to propose different levels of problem resolution, to help students make adaptive causal attributions based on effort, and to break gender stereotypes. Strategies involving school mates or friends in different PA and sport projects are needed.","PeriodicalId":51651,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Sport and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47415685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-10DOI: 10.14198/JHSE.2023.181.02
M. Olvera-Rojas, Pedro Femia-Marzo, A. Castillo-Rodríguez
The aim of the present study was to examine the effect´s relevance of scoring first in knockout promotion to the Spanish Liga Smartbank and succeeding´s probability in the knockout round according to contextual parameters. The sample consisted in all knockout rounds not ending scoreless (n = 199) played in the knockout promotion to Spanish Liga Smartbank between 2004/2005 to 2018/2019 season. Data were examined by descriptive analysis, chi-square tests and binary logistic regressions. Results shown statistically significant values when scoring first and moving through to the next qualifying round ( χ ² [1 df] = 32.37; p < .001). Teams opening knockout round as a home team and scoring first, move through to the next round 61.7% of times while teams opening knockout round as an away team and scoring first, move through to the next round 79.4% of the times (Total OR = 6.19). Moreover, significant results were found relative to the importance of gaining advantage in first-leg match and scoring first in the second-leg match. This information could be useful for coaches and performance analysts, being applicable to competition in order to prevent the opposite team from scoring a goal and to find tactical options that allow your team getting ahead on the scoreboard.
{"title":"Scoring first relevance in knockout promotion to Spanish LaLiga Smartbank","authors":"M. Olvera-Rojas, Pedro Femia-Marzo, A. Castillo-Rodríguez","doi":"10.14198/JHSE.2023.181.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14198/JHSE.2023.181.02","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present study was to examine the effect´s relevance of scoring first in knockout promotion to the Spanish Liga Smartbank and succeeding´s probability in the knockout round according to contextual parameters. The sample consisted in all knockout rounds not ending scoreless (n = 199) played in the knockout promotion to Spanish Liga Smartbank between 2004/2005 to 2018/2019 season. Data were examined by descriptive analysis, chi-square tests and binary logistic regressions. Results shown statistically significant values when scoring first and moving through to the next qualifying round ( χ ² [1 df] = 32.37; p < .001). Teams opening knockout round as a home team and scoring first, move through to the next round 61.7% of times while teams opening knockout round as an away team and scoring first, move through to the next round 79.4% of the times (Total OR = 6.19). Moreover, significant results were found relative to the importance of gaining advantage in first-leg match and scoring first in the second-leg match. This information could be useful for coaches and performance analysts, being applicable to competition in order to prevent the opposite team from scoring a goal and to find tactical options that allow your team getting ahead on the scoreboard.","PeriodicalId":51651,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Sport and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43791291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-16DOI: 10.14198/JHSE.2022.174.19
R. Navarro-Patón, Miguel Cons-Ferreiro, Marcos Mecías-Calvo, V. Romo-Pérez
The aim of this research was to evaluate the knowledge that Galician schoolteachers from kindergarten, primary and secondary schools had on cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and automated external defibrillator (AED) after a training process comparing oblivion after one week (G1), after a month (G2) and after two months (G3). The sample was made up by 144 schoolteachers between 23 and 64 years old (M = 42.46 SD = 10.03), 100 (69.4%) women, and 44 (30.6%) men. For data collection an ad hoc questionnaire was used, also a mannequin QCPR Laerdal® and a Philips AED. The results show statistical significative differences between the average of correct answers on the first questionnaire, and the last one (p .005; G1 = 61.98 seconds; G2 = 54.69 seconds; G3 = 56.68 seconds). After the formative programme about BLS, there is an increase of theoretical knowledge among the schoolteachers and it remains 2 months after the programme is given. Also, it happened the same regarding CPR skills and AED use program.
{"title":"Acquisition of knowledge and skills on cardiopulmonary resuscitation and use of the automated external defibrillator after a training process by Galician schoolteachers","authors":"R. Navarro-Patón, Miguel Cons-Ferreiro, Marcos Mecías-Calvo, V. Romo-Pérez","doi":"10.14198/JHSE.2022.174.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14198/JHSE.2022.174.19","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this research was to evaluate the knowledge that Galician schoolteachers from kindergarten, primary and secondary schools had on cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and automated external defibrillator (AED) after a training process comparing oblivion after one week (G1), after a month (G2) and after two months (G3). The sample was made up by 144 schoolteachers between 23 and 64 years old (M = 42.46 SD = 10.03), 100 (69.4%) women, and 44 (30.6%) men. For data collection an ad hoc questionnaire was used, also a mannequin QCPR Laerdal® and a Philips AED. The results show statistical significative differences between the average of correct answers on the first questionnaire, and the last one (p .005; G1 = 61.98 seconds; G2 = 54.69 seconds; G3 = 56.68 seconds). After the formative programme about BLS, there is an increase of theoretical knowledge among the schoolteachers and it remains 2 months after the programme is given. Also, it happened the same regarding CPR skills and AED use program.","PeriodicalId":51651,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Sport and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43271178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-16DOI: 10.14198/JHSE.2022.174.20
Alberto Sanmiguel-Rodríguez, S. González-Víllora, V. Arufe-Giráldez
Research in relation to elite football has shown a positive impact in the improvement of different variables related to training processes, as well as in the evaluation and analysis of performance. The objective of this review is to offer an overview of the most recent scientific publications in relation to high-performance Spanish football. For this, a systematic review was carried out from 2015 to 2019, searching with the terms of the UNESCO Thesaurus: “ football ”, “ Spanish ”, “ Spain ”, “ the league ”, “ elite ”, “ professional football ”, or “ high performance ” in two important international databases (Scopus and Web of Science) and in the Spanish Dialnet database, allowing the selection of original articles (experimental, descriptive, quasi-experimental and / or case studies), which included information on this line of research. A total of 380 articles were found, although after applying the review's inclusion criteria, they were reduced to 56 articles. These publications were divided into four main categories: 1) research related to game conditions; 2) research related to training and workloads of physical, physiological and mechanical capacities; 3) research related to tactical-technical aspects; and 4) other topics investigated. A discussion was had on each of these categories. In conclusion, this systematic review makes it possible to observe the analysis of Spanish high-performance football research easily and quickly in recent years, as well as identify the most relevant scientific issues at present. These results are interesting for researchers and/or professional technical coaches of football, as well as for university professors or coaching courses.
与精英足球相关的研究表明，在与训练过程相关的不同变量的改善以及对表现的评估和分析方面，精英足球具有积极的影响。本综述的目的是提供最新的科学出版物的概述，有关高性能的西班牙足球。为此，我们从2015年至2019年进行了系统审查，并根据联合国教科文组织主题词表进行了搜索:“足球”，“西班牙语”，“西班牙”，“联赛”，“精英”，“职业足球”或“高性能”在两个重要的国际数据库(Scopus和Web of Science)和西班牙Dialnet数据库中，允许选择原创文章(实验性，描述性，准实验性和/或案例研究)，其中包括这方面的研究信息。总共发现了380篇文章，尽管在应用审查的纳入标准后，它们被减少到56篇。这些出版物分为四个主要类别:1)与游戏条件相关的研究;2)与体能、生理和机械能力训练和负荷相关的研究;3)战术技术方面的研究;4)调查的其他主题。对每一个类别都进行了讨论。综上所述，本系统综述可以方便快捷地观察近年来西班牙高水平足球研究的分析情况，并找出当前最相关的科学问题。这些结果对研究人员和/或足球专业技术教练，以及大学教授或教练课程都很有趣。
{"title":"High-performance football in Spain: Systematic review (2015–2019)","authors":"Alberto Sanmiguel-Rodríguez, S. González-Víllora, V. Arufe-Giráldez","doi":"10.14198/JHSE.2022.174.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14198/JHSE.2022.174.20","url":null,"abstract":"Research in relation to elite football has shown a positive impact in the improvement of different variables related to training processes, as well as in the evaluation and analysis of performance. The objective of this review is to offer an overview of the most recent scientific publications in relation to high-performance Spanish football. For this, a systematic review was carried out from 2015 to 2019, searching with the terms of the UNESCO Thesaurus: “ football ”, “ Spanish ”, “ Spain ”, “ the league ”, “ elite ”, “ professional football ”, or “ high performance ” in two important international databases (Scopus and Web of Science) and in the Spanish Dialnet database, allowing the selection of original articles (experimental, descriptive, quasi-experimental and / or case studies), which included information on this line of research. A total of 380 articles were found, although after applying the review's inclusion criteria, they were reduced to 56 articles. These publications were divided into four main categories: 1) research related to game conditions; 2) research related to training and workloads of physical, physiological and mechanical capacities; 3) research related to tactical-technical aspects; and 4) other topics investigated. A discussion was had on each of these categories. In conclusion, this systematic review makes it possible to observe the analysis of Spanish high-performance football research easily and quickly in recent years, as well as identify the most relevant scientific issues at present. These results are interesting for researchers and/or professional technical coaches of football, as well as for university professors or coaching courses.","PeriodicalId":51651,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Sport and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46085058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-09DOI: 10.14198/JHSE.2022.174.16
Hui Kwan Nicholas Lam, H. Middleton, Shaun M. Phillips
We investigated the effects of listening to self-selected music on intermittent running capacity (study 1) and 5 km time-trial (TT) performance (study 2) in a mentally fatigued state. In study 1, nine physically active males performed a 30-minute incongruent Stroop test (IST) followed by the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test level 1 (YYIRT1) with (MF+MUSIC) and without (MFONLY) music. They also completed a baseline trial (BL). Study 2 repeated these trials with nine recreational runners. Mental fatigue (MF) showed large increases following IST in both studies ( d unb = 1.44 – 2.0). Intermittent running capacity was moderately greater in MF+MUSIC (564 ± 127 m; d unb = 0.52) and BL (551 ± 106 m; d unb = 0.51) vs. MFONLY (496 ± 112 m). Time-trial performance showed small improvements in MF+MUSIC (23.1 ± 2.4 min; d unb = 0.28) and BL (23.4 ± 3.5 min; d unb = 0.20) vs. MFONLY (24.1 ± 3.2 min). Differences in ratings of perceived exertion between trials were trivial to small in both studies ( d unb = 0-0.47). Listening to self-selected music in a mentally fatigued state negates the negative impact of MF on endurance running capacity and performance, potentially due to altered perception of effort when listening to music.
{"title":"The effect of self-selected music on endurance running capacity and performance in a mentally fatigued state","authors":"Hui Kwan Nicholas Lam, H. Middleton, Shaun M. Phillips","doi":"10.14198/JHSE.2022.174.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14198/JHSE.2022.174.16","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated the effects of listening to self-selected music on intermittent running capacity (study 1) and 5 km time-trial (TT) performance (study 2) in a mentally fatigued state. In study 1, nine physically active males performed a 30-minute incongruent Stroop test (IST) followed by the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test level 1 (YYIRT1) with (MF+MUSIC) and without (MFONLY) music. They also completed a baseline trial (BL). Study 2 repeated these trials with nine recreational runners. Mental fatigue (MF) showed large increases following IST in both studies ( d unb = 1.44 – 2.0). Intermittent running capacity was moderately greater in MF+MUSIC (564 ± 127 m; d unb = 0.52) and BL (551 ± 106 m; d unb = 0.51) vs. MFONLY (496 ± 112 m). Time-trial performance showed small improvements in MF+MUSIC (23.1 ± 2.4 min; d unb = 0.28) and BL (23.4 ± 3.5 min; d unb = 0.20) vs. MFONLY (24.1 ± 3.2 min). Differences in ratings of perceived exertion between trials were trivial to small in both studies ( d unb = 0-0.47). Listening to self-selected music in a mentally fatigued state negates the negative impact of MF on endurance running capacity and performance, potentially due to altered perception of effort when listening to music.","PeriodicalId":51651,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Sport and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44858254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-09DOI: 10.14198/JHSE.2022.174.12
Yujiro Masu, Atsuya Otsuka
In this study, we evaluated the electromyogram reaction time of femoral muscles at the onset of motion in college badminton players at different competitive levels, with the aim of clarifying the characteristics of the motor reaction processing in response to stimulation. The participants were seven male players from the team that won second place in the All Japan College Badminton Championship (high-performance group) and college badminton players with no experience in participating in national championship games (low-performance group). In both the 1-direction and 2-direction tasks, the action time was shorter, and the pre-motor time of femoral muscle activity was significantly shorter in the high-performance than in the low-performance group. In both tasks, significant differences were observed in the rate of increase in absolute EMG amplitude of the swing-out and push-out legs, and the values were higher in the high-performance than in the low-performance group. Results indicate that high-performance badminton players are able to move quickly by synchronizing the motor units of the rectus femoris muscle at the onset of motion and perform actions by exerting large joint torques.
{"title":"Comparison of electromyogram reaction time at the onset of motion in badminton players at different competitive levels","authors":"Yujiro Masu, Atsuya Otsuka","doi":"10.14198/JHSE.2022.174.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14198/JHSE.2022.174.12","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we evaluated the electromyogram reaction time of femoral muscles at the onset of motion in college badminton players at different competitive levels, with the aim of clarifying the characteristics of the motor reaction processing in response to stimulation. The participants were seven male players from the team that won second place in the All Japan College Badminton Championship (high-performance group) and college badminton players with no experience in participating in national championship games (low-performance group). In both the 1-direction and 2-direction tasks, the action time was shorter, and the pre-motor time of femoral muscle activity was significantly shorter in the high-performance than in the low-performance group. In both tasks, significant differences were observed in the rate of increase in absolute EMG amplitude of the swing-out and push-out legs, and the values were higher in the high-performance than in the low-performance group. Results indicate that high-performance badminton players are able to move quickly by synchronizing the motor units of the rectus femoris muscle at the onset of motion and perform actions by exerting large joint torques.","PeriodicalId":51651,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Sport and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45717194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-09DOI: 10.14198/JHSE.2022.174.13
A. Bolotin, V. Bakayev, O. Ponimasov, V. Vasilyeva
The peculiarities of the swimmers’ respiratory system response to a special physical load were studied. The swimmers of high sports qualification aged 16–18 years old, who specialize in swimming at distances of various lengths, underwent the examination. At the first stage, we used exercises aimed at enhancing the anaerobic work power in swimming. At the second stage, the parameters of the swimmers’ respiratory system response to the load in aerobic and anaerobic zone were studied. At the third stage of the study, the changes of the swimmers’ respiratory functions under physical loads at the level of MOC (maximum oxygen consumption) were researched. The investigation of respiratory system functions of stayer swimmers was conducted with the use of a Spirolab-3 spirometer (spirograph). We found that the recovery of qualified swimmers can be activated when aerobic and anaerobic mechanisms of energy metabolism are combined. The results of the study confirm that the swimmers’ respiratory functions influence the processes of recovery of their working capacity after being exposed to multidirectional physical loads. The sprinters’ anaerobic mechanisms of muscle function are better developed. The stayers’ aerobic mechanisms of energy metabolism function better. In order to activate the recovery of qualified swimmers, it is advisable to combine aerobic and anaerobic mechanisms of energy metabolism.
{"title":"Peculiarities of respiratory functions in qualified swimmers exposed to multidirectional physical loads","authors":"A. Bolotin, V. Bakayev, O. Ponimasov, V. Vasilyeva","doi":"10.14198/JHSE.2022.174.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14198/JHSE.2022.174.13","url":null,"abstract":"The peculiarities of the swimmers’ respiratory system response to a special physical load were studied. The swimmers of high sports qualification aged 16–18 years old, who specialize in swimming at distances of various lengths, underwent the examination. At the first stage, we used exercises aimed at enhancing the anaerobic work power in swimming. At the second stage, the parameters of the swimmers’ respiratory system response to the load in aerobic and anaerobic zone were studied. At the third stage of the study, the changes of the swimmers’ respiratory functions under physical loads at the level of MOC (maximum oxygen consumption) were researched. The investigation of respiratory system functions of stayer swimmers was conducted with the use of a Spirolab-3 spirometer (spirograph). We found that the recovery of qualified swimmers can be activated when aerobic and anaerobic mechanisms of energy metabolism are combined. The results of the study confirm that the swimmers’ respiratory functions influence the processes of recovery of their working capacity after being exposed to multidirectional physical loads. The sprinters’ anaerobic mechanisms of muscle function are better developed. The stayers’ aerobic mechanisms of energy metabolism function better. In order to activate the recovery of qualified swimmers, it is advisable to combine aerobic and anaerobic mechanisms of energy metabolism.","PeriodicalId":51651,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Sport and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43783857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-09DOI: 10.14198/JHSE.2022.174.18
Saki Shigematsu, Mana Ogawa, M. Neya, Motoko Fujiwara, H. Nakata
We investigated the relationship between the free-throw accuracy and performance variables among fourteen elite male wheelchair basketball players. Participants performed 20 basketball free-throws. Basketball performance variables were the phases of the pre-shoot routine: (a) time taken, (b) minimum angle when taking the ball back, (c) angle at ball release, (d) angular displacement during the forward arm swing, and (e) angular velocity at ball release on the elbow, shoulder, and hip. A significant negative correlation was observed between the free-throw accuracy and mean pre-shot time, suggesting that participants with a shorter pre-shot time showed a higher free-throw accuracy. In addition, a significant negative correlation was found between the free-throw accuracy and variability of angular velocity of the hip at the time of ball release, indicating that the consistency of hip movement is an important factor in free-throw accuracy. In contrast, there were no relationship between the free-throw accuracy and player’s classification point defined as International Wheelchair Basketball Federation, and experience of wheelchair basketball. These data suggest that the routine duration and trunk movement are related to free-throw accuracy in wheelchair basketball.
{"title":"The relationship between free-throw accuracy and performance variables in male wheelchair basketball players","authors":"Saki Shigematsu, Mana Ogawa, M. Neya, Motoko Fujiwara, H. Nakata","doi":"10.14198/JHSE.2022.174.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14198/JHSE.2022.174.18","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated the relationship between the free-throw accuracy and performance variables among fourteen elite male wheelchair basketball players. Participants performed 20 basketball free-throws. Basketball performance variables were the phases of the pre-shoot routine: (a) time taken, (b) minimum angle when taking the ball back, (c) angle at ball release, (d) angular displacement during the forward arm swing, and (e) angular velocity at ball release on the elbow, shoulder, and hip. A significant negative correlation was observed between the free-throw accuracy and mean pre-shot time, suggesting that participants with a shorter pre-shot time showed a higher free-throw accuracy. In addition, a significant negative correlation was found between the free-throw accuracy and variability of angular velocity of the hip at the time of ball release, indicating that the consistency of hip movement is an important factor in free-throw accuracy. In contrast, there were no relationship between the free-throw accuracy and player’s classification point defined as International Wheelchair Basketball Federation, and experience of wheelchair basketball. These data suggest that the routine duration and trunk movement are related to free-throw accuracy in wheelchair basketball.","PeriodicalId":51651,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Sport and Exercise","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41397865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-09DOI: 10.14198/JHSE.2022.174.15
Tamara L. Bories, Randal Hyllegard, Pratistha Maharjan, Jasmine A. Brown
The purpose of this study was to examine the abilities of athletes with specific gait training (i.e., runners) discriminating personal gait from point-light videos were compared to athletes for whom gait is not a trained aspect of the sport (i.e., swimmers), and that of a control. It was hypothesized that runners would discriminate their gait among different individuals with greater accuracy than the other two groups and that runners would also devote more attention to the lower extremities for recognition indications. Results showed that runners group recognized themselves more often than the other two groups ( p = .048, η 2 = 0.18), and that runners allotted more visual attention to the lower extremities ( p < .05, η p 2 = 0.16) when viewing the point-light videos than the other groups. The findings were consistent with other investigations with point-light video representations of movement and suggest that experience and training lead to movement self-awareness that is both recognizable and accessible by a performer.
本研究的目的是检验经过特定步态训练的运动员(即跑步者)从光点视频中区分个人步态的能力，并将步态不属于运动训练方面的运动员(即游泳者)和对照组进行比较。据推测，跑步者比其他两组更能准确地区分不同个体的步态，而且跑步者也会更多地关注下肢以识别迹象。结果表明，跑步者组比其他两组更容易识别自己(p = 0.048， η 2 = 0.18);跑步者在观看点灯视频时对下肢的视觉关注程度高于其他两组(p < 0.05， η p 2 = 0.16)。这一发现与其他对运动的光点视频表现的调查一致，表明经验和训练导致了表演者既可识别又可接近的运动自我意识。
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Pub Date : 2021-03-09DOI: 10.14198/JHSE.2022.174.17
Frederike Veit, Lisa Riedel, D. Jeraj
How does auditory information influence the perception and evaluation of complex skills? Especially in technical compositional sports, such as gymnastics, the visual information perceived by the judges (and coaches) is the subject of an immediate evaluation. Various factors influence the judges’ performances. The impact of auditory information on the evaluation of complex skills is predominantly unexplored. Therefore, the study aimed to investigate floor music’s role in female gymnastics routines. Participants with different gymnastics expertise were asked to rate acrobatic series on the floor in three different audio-visual conditions (original, inter-beat, matched-beat). The current study results show that participants (irrespective of the group) rated acrobatic series in the matched-beat higher than in the original condition. In conclusion, it would be interesting to investigate if an effect on the participants’ perception is given for other gymnastics skills (gymnastic jumps and leaps) or the overall (execution) score on the floor.
{"title":"Does jumping to the beat result in better ratings from gymnastics experts?","authors":"Frederike Veit, Lisa Riedel, D. Jeraj","doi":"10.14198/JHSE.2022.174.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14198/JHSE.2022.174.17","url":null,"abstract":"How does auditory information influence the perception and evaluation of complex skills? Especially in technical compositional sports, such as gymnastics, the visual information perceived by the judges (and coaches) is the subject of an immediate evaluation. Various factors influence the judges’ performances. The impact of auditory information on the evaluation of complex skills is predominantly unexplored. Therefore, the study aimed to investigate floor music’s role in female gymnastics routines. Participants with different gymnastics expertise were asked to rate acrobatic series on the floor in three different audio-visual conditions (original, inter-beat, matched-beat). The current study results show that participants (irrespective of the group) rated acrobatic series in the matched-beat higher than in the original condition. In conclusion, it would be interesting to investigate if an effect on the participants’ perception is given for other gymnastics skills (gymnastic jumps and leaps) or the overall (execution) score on the floor.","PeriodicalId":51651,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Sport and Exercise","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49350591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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