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Hearing voices as a form of inner dialogue. Using the dialogical self to turn a critical voice into an ally 倾听声音是一种内心对话。用对话的自我把批评的声音变成盟友
IF 3 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1080/09515070.2022.2105306
D. Romaioli, G. Chiara, E. Faccio, Roberto Miglietta
ABSTRACT In Western culture, “hearing voices” is often considered a symptom of mental illness. After reinterpreting this phenomenon from perspectives that emphasise the socio-cultural aspects of the construction of these voices, this paper describes a case report involving a psychological intervention divided into six phases. The aim is to challenge the dominant narratives that stigmatise the experience of hearing voices, and propose alternative meanings that can improve the hearer’s ability to manage the voices by converting them from a disease into a personal and relational resource. Using the metaphor of an “inner dialogue”, we show how changes in the client’s interpretation of the voices, and way of relating to them, can be co-constructed by the client and the therapist. The paper concludes with some critical reflections on the medicalisation of mental distress, highlighting the importance of expanding our understanding of the experience of hearing voices, not only in clinical terms, but also on a social and cultural level.
在西方文化中,“幻听”通常被认为是精神疾病的一种症状。在从强调这些声音构建的社会文化方面的角度重新解释这一现象之后,本文描述了一个涉及心理干预的案例报告,分为六个阶段。其目的是挑战对听声音的经历进行污名化的主流叙述,并提出可以通过将声音从疾病转化为个人和关系资源来提高听者管理声音的能力的替代含义。使用“内心对话”的比喻,我们展示了客户如何改变对声音的解释,以及与之相关的方式,可以由客户和治疗师共同构建。论文最后对精神痛苦的医学化进行了一些批判性的反思,强调了扩大我们对听觉体验的理解的重要性,不仅在临床方面,而且在社会和文化层面。
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引用次数: 1
Nonverbal immediacy cues and impression formation in video therapy 视频治疗中的非语言即时性线索与印象形成
IF 3 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1080/09515070.2022.2105816
Emily J Pfender, Scott E. Caplan
ABSTRACT The increased use of video-mediated communication (VMC) due to the COVID-19 pandemic has led to widespread acceptance of mediated healthcare appointments. Mental health care is one area in which researchers might examine the effects of VMC. Therefore, the current study employed an experiment to test the relative influence of video therapists’ eye contact and gesture on a patient. Each participant was assigned to one of the four possible video conditions using a 2 (Gestures present versus absent) x 2 (Eye contact present versus absent) factorial design. Study participants (n= 359) rated actors portraying themselves as video therapists on items related to impression formation (i.e. likable, warm, understanding). Findings suggest that participants in the eye contact condition reported more positive impressions than in the no eye contact condition. Similarly, participants in the gesture condition reported more positive impressions than in the no gesture condition. However, gestures had a larger effect on impression formation than eye contact, and there was no interaction effect considering the combined impact of gestures and eye contact. These results contribute to understanding how nonverbal cues impact health outcomes in VMC. .
由于COVID-19大流行,视频中介通信(VMC)的使用增加,导致人们广泛接受中介医疗预约。精神卫生保健是研究人员可能会研究VMC影响的一个领域。因此,本研究采用实验来测试视频治疗师的目光接触和手势对患者的相对影响。每个参与者被分配到四种可能的视频条件之一,使用2(有手势与没有手势)x 2(有眼神接触与没有眼神接触)因子设计。研究参与者(n= 359)根据与印象形成相关的项目(如可爱、温暖、理解)对扮演视频治疗师的演员进行评分。研究结果表明,与没有眼神接触的参与者相比,眼神接触条件下的参与者报告了更多的积极印象。同样,手势组的参与者比没有手势组的参与者报告了更多的积极印象。然而,手势对印象形成的影响大于目光接触,考虑到手势和目光接触的共同影响,没有交互作用。这些结果有助于理解非语言线索如何影响VMC患者的健康结果。
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引用次数: 1
Patients’ attachment avoidance and their perceived quality of the real relationship predict patients’ attitudes towards telepsychotherapy 患者的依恋回避和对真实关系的感知质量可以预测患者对远程心理治疗的态度
IF 3 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/09515070.2022.2075324
V. Békés, K. Aafjes-van Doorn
ABSTRACT During the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic, patients in individual psychotherapy needed to suddenly transition to telepsychotherapy (TPT), and for many patients it was their first experience of remote treatment. Since TPT appears to be here to stay after the pandemic ends, it is crucial to understand which factors determine whether TPT is a good fit for patients. We aimed to examine patients’ relational predictors, both trait- (attachment avoidance and attachment anxiety) and state-like (working alliance, real relationship) of patients’ attitudes towards TPT, and the potential mediating role of state-like relational variables between trait-like variables and attitudes. We used a longitudinal design, where patients (N = 719) who were in individual TPT participated in an online survey at the beginning of the pandemic and at follow-up three months later. Patients completed measures of symptom severity, Covid-related distress, attachment anxiety and avoidance, perceived quality of the therapeutic relationship (working alliance and real relationship), and attitude towards TPT. Results suggested that higher levels of attachment avoidance predicted more negative attitudes towards TPT, and that patient-reported quality of the real relationship in their TPT sessions mediated this negative relationship between attachment avoidance and attitudes towards TPT. Patient’s attachment avoidance and the real relationship are important predictors of patients’ attitudes towards TPT, and could indicate suitability of the TPT format, as well as inform clinicians’ efforts in building a real and genuine connection with their patients online.
摘要在新冠肺炎大流行的最初几个月,个体心理治疗患者需要突然过渡到远程心理治疗(TPT),对许多患者来说,这是他们第一次体验远程治疗。由于TPT似乎会在疫情结束后继续存在,因此了解哪些因素决定TPT是否适合患者至关重要。我们旨在检验患者对TPT态度的关系预测因素,包括特质(依恋回避和依恋焦虑)和状态样(工作联盟,真实关系),以及状态样关系变量在特质样变量和态度之间的潜在中介作用。我们使用了一项纵向设计,在大流行开始时和三个月后的随访中,接受个体TPT的患者(N=719)参加了一项在线调查。患者完成了症状严重程度、新冠肺炎相关痛苦、依恋焦虑和回避、治疗关系(工作联盟和真实关系)的感知质量以及对TPT的态度的测量。结果表明,越高水平的依恋回避预示着对TPT的负面态度越多,而患者报告的TPT会话中真实关系的质量介导了依恋回避和对TPT态度之间的这种负面关系。患者的依恋回避和真实关系是患者对TPT态度的重要预测因素,可以表明TPT格式的适用性,并为临床医生在网上与患者建立真实联系提供信息。
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引用次数: 3
Psychotherapists’ experience of the transition to telepsychotherapy amidst COVID-19 in India 印度新冠肺炎期间心理治疗师向远程心理治疗过渡的经验
IF 3 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2022-06-28 DOI: 10.1080/09515070.2022.2093164
A. Emran, Jonathan A. Smith, Naved Iqbal
ABSTRACT Since the onset of COVID-19, the provision of psychotherapy services has shifted online. Thus, telepsychotherapy has been the focus of much research to document therapists’ experiences; however, it has been mainly quantitative. In the Indian context, no known empirical research has focused on the implications of this transition on psychotherapists. Therefore, the present paper presents an in-depth idiographic study exploring psychotherapists’ experiences in India, who had to transition to telepsychotherapy rapidly. Ten novice psychotherapists providing clinical services virtually were individually interviewed. The transcripts were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. The main themes that emerged from the analysis were: negative impact on therapeutic process, detrimental effect on personal and professional self, positive impact of telepsychotherapy for therapist and, strategies for helping the adjustment to telepsychotherapy practice. The idiographic and psychological focus enabled a detailed exploration of the profound impact the sudden transition had on novice psychotherapists’ work with clients and their self-efficacy. Despite contextual constraints faced by the psychotherapy profession in India, the participants demonstrated creative ways of working around the challenges encountered during telepsychotherapy. Nonetheless, their experiences highlight the need to initiate training programs in telepsychotherapy.
自2019冠状病毒病爆发以来,心理治疗服务的提供已转向在线。因此,远程心理治疗一直是许多研究的焦点,以记录治疗师的经验;然而,这主要是量化的。在印度的背景下,没有已知的实证研究关注这种转变对心理治疗师的影响。因此,本文提出了一个深入的具体研究,探讨心理治疗师的经验,在印度,谁不得不迅速过渡到远程心理治疗。对10名提供临床服务的新手心理治疗师进行了单独访谈。使用解释性现象学分析分析转录本。从分析中出现的主要主题是:对治疗过程的负面影响,对个人和职业自我的不利影响,远程心理治疗对治疗师的积极影响,以及帮助远程心理治疗实践调整的策略。具体的和心理的焦点使我们能够详细地探索突然转变对新手心理治疗师与客户的工作和他们的自我效能的深刻影响。尽管印度心理治疗行业面临着环境限制,但参与者展示了创造性的方法来应对远程心理治疗过程中遇到的挑战。尽管如此,他们的经历强调了启动远程心理治疗培训项目的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
List of Reviewers 审稿人名单
IF 3 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2022-06-28 DOI: 10.1080/09515070.2022.2085968
Published in Counselling Psychology Quarterly (Vol. 35, No. 2, 2022)
发表于《咨询心理学季刊》(第35卷第2期,2022年)
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引用次数: 0
Narrative themes of Chinese Canadian intergenerational trauma: offspring perspectives of trauma transmission 华裔加拿大人代际创伤的叙事主题:创伤传播的后代视角
IF 3 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2022-06-25 DOI: 10.1080/09515070.2022.2093165
F. Chou, M. Buchanan, M. Mcdonald, M. Westwood, C. Huang
ABSTRACT In a series of two papers, the narrative themes of Intergenerational Trauma (IGT) from both the perspectives of the parent and offspring generation in the Chinese diaspora in Canada are examined. IGT involves parental traumatization, the intergenerational transmission of trauma, and the impact of trauma on subsequent generations. This study focuses on the narratives of the offspring generation and their construction of how their parents’ traumas shaped their lives. Narratives of IGT were constructed using a collaborative narrative method. The offspring narratives were centred on their experiences growing up in Canada and how those experiences were influenced by the transmission of their parents’ traumas. Narratives were analyzed using Braun and Clarke’s (2006) reflexive thematic analysis. The themes developed from the narratives were as follows: (a) silence and disconnection; (b) saving face and conflicting values; (c) discipline and internalization of insecurities; (d) education as necessity; and (e) preservation and reclamation of heritage. The study illustrates how collective and IGT are understood through the mediated narrative lens of subsequent generations. The role of silence and its construction in these narratives is discussed from a cultural standpoint in relation to dominant trauma discourse. The study has implications for understanding Chinese diasporic IGT through narrative and cultural frameworks and invites trauma and IGT discourses as clinical and research considerations for this population.
摘要在两篇系列论文中,从父母和后代两个角度考察了旅居加拿大华人的代际创伤叙事主题。IGT涉及父母的创伤、创伤的代际传递以及创伤对后代的影响。这项研究的重点是后代的叙述,以及他们对父母的创伤如何塑造他们生活的构建。IGT的叙述采用合作叙述的方法构建。后代的叙述集中在他们在加拿大长大的经历,以及这些经历如何受到父母创伤传播的影响。使用Braun和Clarke(2006)的反身主题分析对叙述进行了分析。从叙述中发展出来的主题如下:(a)沉默和脱节;(b) 面子和价值冲突;(c) 纪律和不安全感的内化;(d) 教育是必要的;以及(e)遗产的保护和开垦。该研究说明了如何通过后代的中介叙事视角来理解集体和IGT。沉默及其建构在这些叙事中的作用是从文化的角度与占主导地位的创伤话语进行讨论的。本研究通过叙事和文化框架对理解中国流散性IGT具有启示意义,并邀请创伤和IGT话语作为该人群的临床和研究考虑因素。
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引用次数: 1
What works in the treatment of medically unexplained physical symptoms? The psychotherapist perspective 什么能有效治疗医学上无法解释的身体症状?心理治疗师的观点
IF 3 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/09515070.2022.2123785
Michal Čevelíček, J. Roubal, Roman Hytych, T. Řiháček
ABSTRACT People with medically unexplained physical symptoms (MUPS) are often referred to psychotherapy, which has been shown to be modestly effective in reducing symptom severity. An investigation of clinical strategies used by experienced psychotherapists in the treatment of clients with MUPS may offer important insights into the treatment process with this challenging group of clients and help further improve the effectiveness of psychotherapy. Individual interviews with 31 psychotherapists experienced in the treatment of adult clients with MUPS were collected. The grounded theory method was used to identify clinical strategies. Clinical strategies were organized into three treatment phases. In the first phase, the psychotherapists’ intention was to draw clients who may resist the psychological view of somatic symptoms into psychotherapy. In the second phase, the psychotherapists aimed to influence the impact of the symptoms on clients’ lives. In the third phase, the psychotherapists focused on reinforcing the clients’ gains from treatment, and they remained open to treatment continuation. The clinical strategies shared by psychotherapists with diverse theoretical orientations point to common mechanisms of change in the treatment of clients with MUPS. Psychotherapists’ responsiveness to client preparedness for psychotherapy appears to be important for specifically challenging clients.
患有医学上无法解释的身体症状(MUPS)的人通常会接受心理治疗,这已被证明在减轻症状严重程度方面有一定的效果。对经验丰富的心理治疗师在治疗MUPS患者时使用的临床策略进行调查,可能会为这一具有挑战性的客户群体的治疗过程提供重要的见解,并有助于进一步提高心理治疗的有效性。对31位有治疗成年MUPS经验的心理治疗师进行了个人访谈。采用扎根理论方法确定临床策略。临床策略分为三个治疗阶段。在第一阶段,心理治疗师的意图是吸引那些可能抗拒身体症状的心理学观点的来访者进入心理治疗。在第二阶段,心理治疗师的目标是影响症状对来访者生活的影响。在第三阶段,心理治疗师专注于强化来访者从治疗中获得的收益,他们对治疗的继续持开放态度。不同理论取向的心理治疗师分享的临床策略指出了治疗MUPS患者的共同变化机制。心理治疗师对客户心理治疗准备的反应似乎对特别具有挑战性的客户很重要。
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引用次数: 1
Facilitating goal-directed transition projects for young adult newcomers to Canada: a qualitative study of a brief supportive counseling intervention 促进目标导向的过渡项目为年轻的成年新移民加拿大:一个简短的支持性咨询干预的定性研究
IF 3 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2022-05-31 DOI: 10.1080/09515070.2022.2080643
R. Young, José F. Domene, Kesha Pradhan, L. A. Botia, E. Chi, M. Chiang, Mathew R Gendron, Margaret Noel, Shalet Rosario
ABSTRACT Transition to life in a new country represents complex and challenging tasks for young adults. This transition can be conceptualized as goal-directed action. To date, the literature has not described how these transitions intersect in the goal-directed life projects in which young newcomers engage. Similarly, the literature has not reported attempts to facilitate these processes through brief, goal-oriented supportive counseling interventions. In this study, 12 newcomers to Canada, aged 20–34 years, participated in an individual counseling support intervention intended to assist them to identify and engage in their transition-oriented projects. Qualitative data were collected using the action-project method over approximately a six-month period. Findings indicated that participants engaged in a range of transition projects, thematically grouped as relationship, career, and identity. The findings also revealed information about participants’ engagement with the intervention as part of their transition projects. Implications for research and practice are drawn.
摘要:对于年轻人来说,在一个新的国家过渡到生活是一项复杂而富有挑战性的任务。这种转变可以被概念化为目标导向的行动。到目前为止,文献还没有描述这些转变在年轻新人参与的目标导向的生活项目中是如何交叉的。同样,文献中也没有报道过通过简短的、以目标为导向的支持性咨询干预来促进这些过程的尝试。在这项研究中,12名年龄在20-30岁之间的加拿大新移民参与了一项个人咨询支持干预,旨在帮助他们确定并参与他们的过渡导向项目。使用行动项目方法收集了大约六个月的定性数据。调查结果表明,参与者参与了一系列过渡项目,主题分为关系、职业和身份。研究结果还揭示了参与者参与干预的信息,这是他们过渡项目的一部分。得出了对研究和实践的启示。
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引用次数: 1
An examination of college student helping intentions: depression, suicidal, and homicidal presentations 大学生助人意向的调查:抑郁、自杀和杀人倾向
IF 3 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2022-05-12 DOI: 10.1080/09515070.2022.2073331
Nicholas C. Borgogna, Ryon C Mcdermott, Kyle M. Brasil, April T. Berry, Tracey Smith
ABSTRACT Depression is common in college students. Little research has examined peer helping intentions when a student is posed with a peer disclosing depression. Moreover, little research has examined how helping intentions may change with presentation severity (e.g. if suicidal or homicidal ideation is present). We addressed these questions by collecting data from a large sample of college students. Participants were randomly assigned through an online survey into one-of-three experimental vignette conditions to a hypothetical peer with depression (n =198), depression with suicidal ideation (Depression-SI; n = 194), and depression with homicidal ideation (Depression-HI; n = 175). Participants then responded to a measure of helping intentions. Respondents across conditions indicated they generally intended to help their peer. Referrals to a mental health professional and family members were the most frequently chosen, with referrals to a hotline or website being the least frequently chosen. Participants in the Depression-HI condition reported the greatest helping intentions, followed by participants in the Depression-SI condition. Participants in the Depression condition reported the lowest helping intentions. College students likely intend to help their peers with mental health concerns, particularly if the peer is presenting with risk factors that may indicate a threat of violence.
摘要抑郁症在大学生中很常见。很少有研究调查当一名学生与同伴合影时,同伴的帮助意图。此外,很少有研究考察帮助意图如何随着表现的严重程度而变化(例如,如果存在自杀或杀人意念)。我们通过收集大量大学生样本的数据来解决这些问题。通过一项在线调查,参与者被随机分配到三种实验情景中的一种,一个假设的同伴患有抑郁症(n=198)、抑郁症伴自杀意念(抑郁症SI;n=194)和抑郁症伴杀人意念(抑郁症HI;n=175)。然后,参与者对一定程度的帮助意图做出回应。不同情况下的受访者表示,他们通常有意帮助同龄人。转介至心理健康专业人员和家庭成员的频率最高,转介至热线或网站的频率最低。抑郁HI状态的参与者报告了最大的帮助意图,其次是抑郁SI状态的参与者。抑郁症患者的帮助意愿最低。大学生可能打算帮助他们的同龄人解决心理健康问题,特别是当同龄人面临可能表明暴力威胁的风险因素时。
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引用次数: 0
Adapting the Counseling Center Assessment of Psychological Symptoms into Turkish 心理症状咨询中心评估的土耳其语改编
IF 3 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2022-04-24 DOI: 10.1080/09515070.2022.2068505
B. Börkan, Büşra Ünverdi
ABSTRACT This article describes the adaptation and validation of a Turkish version of the Counseling Center Assessment of Psychological Symptoms (CCAPS). The original CCAPS was developed for use in pre- and post-treatment assessments and designed in a way to allow monitoring of ongoing treatments. So far it has met the clinical, research, and administrative needs of college counseling centers. Our adaptation study involved translating the scale, establishing construct equivalence between the target and the source language, and estimating the reliability of the scores. The findings supported an eight-factor model and provided substantial validity evidences of the CCAPS-Turkish based on construct and criterion. The reliability of the eight subscales’ score is similar to that of the original version. A Rasch analysis provided further evidence on the constructs. The results of the study are discussed in relation to the mental health issues and the cultural context of university students in Turkey.
本文描述了土耳其版心理症状咨询中心评估(CCAPS)的改编和验证。最初的CCAPS是为治疗前和治疗后评估而开发的,其设计目的是为了监测正在进行的治疗。到目前为止,它已经满足了大学心理咨询中心的临床、研究和管理需求。我们的适应性研究包括翻译量表,建立目的语和源语之间的结构等价性,以及估计分数的信度。研究结果支持八因素模型,并提供了基于结构和标准的CCAPS-Turkish的大量有效性证据。八个分量表得分的信度与原始版本相似。Rasch的分析为这些结构提供了进一步的证据。研究结果与土耳其大学生的心理健康问题和文化背景有关。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Counselling Psychology Quarterly
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