Ageing International最新文献

Dance and Tai Chi have become increasingly used as health promotion interventions. This review and meta-analysis examines their efficacy in improving physical and mental health in non-clinical populations. Do dance and Tai Chi practices benefit physical health and psychological wellbeing? This review was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022309436) and followed PRISMA (2020) guidelines. A comprehensive search was undertaken across eight databases. The primary search identified 9228 studies. Following title, abstract, and full-text screening, 38 studies met the inclusion criteria; 26 were Tai Chi-focused and 12 were dance-focused. The Kmet quality assessment tool produced a mean total score of 20±3.87 and mean summary score of 0.77±0.14 (range 0.46-1.0). Nineteen (50%) studies scored inadequate on its replicability, due to poor methodological details. Twenty-seven (71%) studies purposefully recruited participants over the age of 60. Participants in the included studies were predominantly female, with the proportion in each study from 65% to 95.1%. Meta-analysis indicates significant balance and mental health benefits from dance and Tai Chi interventions (p<0.01), one set of Tai Chi data reported a negative effect on balance (p=0.01). Dance and Tai Chi produced multiple benefits for physical and mental health among non-clinical populations. Their lack of intervention details, however, prevents future studies from replicating. The included studies highlighted a focus on fall prevention focusing mainly on an elderly female population. We recommend that future research assesses independent variables beyond balance and fall-related issues, and is conducted with young participants as well as male participants.

This research provides a comprehensive analysis of the research terrain concerning the intersection of social media and older adults. Through bibliometric analysis this research explores the existing literature on the subject, identifies key scholars in the field, provides insight into the historical context, present trends, and potential areas for future research. From the web of science data base, we retrieved 1211 articles. The analysis posits that the scholarly endeavours in the field of social media and older adults kick started in 2009, attaining zenith in 2023. Concurrently, citations per year hit an all-time high during the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020 with 3226 citations. Norm O’Rouke emerged as the leading researcher in the field. Notably, the United States has been the most prolific contributor to the research investigating the intersection between older adults and social media. Meanwhile, Germany distinguished as the most extensive research collaborator on the subject. Abstract clustering using topic modeling indicates that scholars in this field may delve into the topics such as dementia, pain management, COVID-19 related issues and psychological well-being to enhance comprehension on the social media adoption among older adults. Additionally, emerging topics like TikTok and misinformation (fake news) appear to be the novel dimensions to incorporate. The insights from this bibliometric analysis aim to assist researchers, especially those at the inception of their exploration into social media penetration among older adults. These insights can further guide in determining specific areas within the field to concentrate on, identifying dimensions to explore, and selecting potential collaborators for research endeavours.

Objective

This study examined the relationship between physical frailty and the Composite Cognitive Impairment Index (CII) because physical frailty is a significant risk factor for cognitive impairment.

Methods

The present study utilized data from the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI) Wave 1 and included 55,199 (24,004 males and 31,115 females) individuals aged 45 years and above. Physical frailty and cognitive impairment were defined using the Modified Fried Frailty Phenotype Criteria and the Composite Cognitive Impairment Index (CII), respectively.

Results

The prevalence of physical frailty and cognitive impairment was 15.1% and 10.7%, respectively. Physically frail males and females had 1.72- and 1.60-times higher likelihoods of developing cognitive impairment, respectively (p < 0.001).

Discussion

Physical frailty was significantly associated with cognitive impairment. Of all the five components of physical frailty, weak hand grip strength posed the greatest risk to cognitive impairment. Incorporating exercises to enhance muscle strength and mass is crucial for mitigating cognitive decline with age.

The aim of this study is to examine older adults’ experience of receiving medical and care efforts from a Mobile Geriatric Team (MGT). A phenomenologically inspired approach guides this study to stay empirically close to the data while exploring the experiences of five older adults with comorbidity receiving medical and care efforts from a MGT. Three themes emerged from the interviews: The relief of integrated treatment, Reclaiming time from the emergency room, and Finding sanctuary at home. The findings reveal that older adults particularly valued the MGT’s comprehensive view of their medical history and medication, highlighting how this holistic approach provided significant comfort. Participants also emphasized the relief brought by staff continuity and the ability to receive acute medical treatments in the familiarity of their own homes, thereby avoiding the stress and inconvenience of emergency room visits. While reducing emergency room visits was a stated goal of the MGT, this study distinctively illuminates the profound positive impact of this outcome from the older adults’ perspective. These findings demonstrate a project successfully aligning with initiatives for good, close, and coordinated care, ultimately promoting health and well-being for older adults.

The aim of this review is to synthesise evidence on the effects of primary prevention interventions targeted at the drivers of elder abuse, and to identify the factors that influence the effectiveness of these interventions. The review was conducted in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. The search for literature was performed in six databases: Ovid Medline, Ovid Embase, AgeLine, PsycINFO, Web of science, and Sociological abstracts. A narrative synthesis was used to summarize the results. The literature search yielded 10,987 articles of which four were eligible for inclusion. All four elder abuse primary prevention interventions were intergenerational programs. We found limited evidence that intergenerational programs can be effective elder abuse primary prevention strategies by countering ageism including overcoming age-related stereotypes in both community and institutional settings. The review points to limited evidence on the effects of primary prevention interventions targeted at the drivers of elder abuse. The current limited evidence, however, suggests that effective elder abuse prevention interventions are contingent on several factors including the type of implementation approaches used, and the specific mechanisms that may be at play during the implementation process.

Involvement of Care workers in geriatric care is essential; few studies have identified the ethical issues faced by Care workers compared to medical professionals. This study aimed to clarify the ethical issues faced by Care workers engaged in geriatric care in Japan, the value conflicts among other professionals and their causes, and to obtain suggestions on how to address ethical issues. A qualitative study was conducted through semi-structured interviews using a descriptive approach. Forty-eight Care workers (18 men and 30 women) worked in geriatric care facilities etc. Narrative research methods and thematic analyses were used to analyze the data. Ethical issues related to the principle of respect for autonomy; beneficence, and non-maleficence; and justice were identified. Characteristically, ethical issues arose in daily life and were related to the “routinization” and “regularity”. Value conflict among other professionals was characterized by the conflict between the Care workers’ emphasis on the independence and quality of life of older people and the medical professionals’ emphasis on prolonging life and treatment. The reason behind this conflict was that care workers ware positioned at the lowest level of all care providers. The results suggest that focusing on “everyday ethics” in care settings can clarify the causes of ethical issues and provide insights for addressing them.

This umbrella review aimed to synthesize evidence on the key elements of care models integrating health and social services for older people and the evidence about what works in such models and their mechanisms of change. A literature search was performed using six electronic databases: Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, CINAHL, AgeLine, PsycINFO and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. A narrative synthesis was used for reporting. We included 19 eligible reviews 14 of which focused on the integration of health and social care, four on integrating health care services, and one on integrating health and residential aged care. The findings show a focus on delivery of clinical care (micro), with limited focus on organizational (meso) and broader system (macro) levels of integration. The main outcomes of integrated care models (ICMs) reported in the reviews were measurements of hospital admission rates, quality of life, and uptake of community services. The key mechanisms for the success of ICMs are coordinated care, patient-centeredness, co-location, commitment and shared vision across implementing partners, and strong leadership shaping organizational cultural support for implementing the model.

Despite the proportion of older people caring to someone aged 65 + is increasing worldwide, the research about the impact of caregiving on health remains focused on intergenerational support. This study conducts a scoping review to explore the international evidence about how caring affects the older carers’ health, identifying the knowledge gaps and future lines of research. The study performs a scoping review of 12 studies published between 2010 and 2022, conducted following the five-stage methodological framework proposed by Arksey and O’Malley. Evidence so far revealed that caregiving has a negative impact on the physical, mental, and emotional health of the older caregivers. However, positive health outcomes were also observed. The impact of caregiving on older carers’ health is an emerging research topic that needs further theoretical and methodological developments, as well as multidisciplinary approaches, to advance in the understanding about how caregiving affect older carers’ health.

This study aims to assess person-centeredness in communication between people with dementia (PWD) and caregivers in a nursing home, focusing on the effectiveness of IoT-based communication monitoring and training. Caregivers received pre-education on Person-Centered Care (PCC) and mid-term feedback, during which natural conversations with PWD were unobtrusively recorded using a long-distance audio device. Transcribed conversations were analyzed using a mixed-methods approach that combined quantitative and qualitative analyses to evaluate the quantity and quality of communication in dementia care. Quantitative results demonstrated that communication time increased for both caregivers and PWD, particularly after the mid-term feedback. Additional piecewise and spline regression analyses indicated that the caregiver’s communication time and the PWD’s emotional state positively influenced the increase in PWD communication. For the qualitative analysis, Dementia Care Mapping—an analytical framework grounded in PCC—was used to evaluate communication based on the five psychological needs of PWD. Initially, negative aspects such as outpacing, infantilization, invalidation, and accusation were frequently observed; however, following the feedback, communication shifted toward personhood-enhancing behaviors such as a relaxed pace, warmth, respect, and acceptance. Drawing on findings from this mixed-methods analysis, the authors conclude that the changes in communication may have been facilitated by field-based training and feedback. However, more rigorous research designs and additional studies are needed to support generalization. This pilot study suggests the potential of technology-enhanced, field-based training to improve caregivers’ person-centered communication skills.

Background

Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is a transitional stage between normal aging and the onset of dementia. The early detection of MCI is essential to avoid certain irreversible brain damage at the end of life. While there have been a variety of preventive interventions used in the past three decades, need to know the current trends is necessary for developing updated preventive modules for MCI.

Objectives

This bibliometric study examines the current trends in interventional research for treating MCI.

Methods

Published records were obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) for the period of 1989–2023. CiteSpace 6.2.R4 (64-bit) advanced version software was utilized for mapping and bibliometric analysis of this study. Overall, 400 records were retrieved and analyzed using document co-citation analysis (DCA), author co-citation analysis (ACA), institutional, country based, and keyword analysis.

Results

It was found that the publication records were steadily increased in the recent five years (2018–2022) and shows that more than half of the interventional studies (234) were conducted on the recent times. Although United States (US) published highest number of publications (115), Canada secured top position based on burst (3.89) in country wise analysis. In ACA, Petersen RC_2003 secured top position based on citation counts (237), Rapp S_2006 on Burst strength (10.69), Ball K_2006 on Centrality (0.19) and Sigma value (2.00). Through the DCA analysis, clusters such as computerized cognitive training, virtual reality, rhythm training, and dance intervention, were considered to be the indicators of emerging trends.