Objective: This scoping review examines the methods used in studies of antiracism interventions in the United States during 2014–2021. Method: Following PRISMA-ScR guidelines, we used a systematic search and review process to identify, screen, and summarize research on individual-level interventions intended to reduce racial bias and discrimination. Results: The search recovered 1,928 citations. After screening, 17 articles were retained for a full-text review. Of those, 9 studies used a pre- and post-intervention design without a comparison or control group, 5 used a comparison group, 1 used a randomized control group, and 2 used a single-group posttest-only approach. Except for one study with 8,634 participants, samples ranged from 20 to 721 participants (M = 112, SD = 164.8). Eleven studies used reliable/valid instruments to measure racial bias and discrimination. Thirteen studies explicitly stated theoretical models used in intervention development. Conclusions: Based on features of the 17 interventions, participants and sampling methods, analytical methods, guiding theories, and effectiveness, we recommend (a) use of more rigorous designs to enhance internal validity and (b) use of advanced analytic techniques to control selection bias. If implemented, these recommendations would substantially strengthen research on individual-level interventions designed to reduce racial bias and discrimination.
{"title":"Interventions to Reduce Racial Bias and Discrimination in the United States: A Scoping Review","authors":"Shenyang Guo, Yuanyuan Yang, Linyun Fu","doi":"10.1086/723871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/723871","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This scoping review examines the methods used in studies of antiracism interventions in the United States during 2014–2021. Method: Following PRISMA-ScR guidelines, we used a systematic search and review process to identify, screen, and summarize research on individual-level interventions intended to reduce racial bias and discrimination. Results: The search recovered 1,928 citations. After screening, 17 articles were retained for a full-text review. Of those, 9 studies used a pre- and post-intervention design without a comparison or control group, 5 used a comparison group, 1 used a randomized control group, and 2 used a single-group posttest-only approach. Except for one study with 8,634 participants, samples ranged from 20 to 721 participants (M = 112, SD = 164.8). Eleven studies used reliable/valid instruments to measure racial bias and discrimination. Thirteen studies explicitly stated theoretical models used in intervention development. Conclusions: Based on features of the 17 interventions, participants and sampling methods, analytical methods, guiding theories, and effectiveness, we recommend (a) use of more rigorous designs to enhance internal validity and (b) use of advanced analytic techniques to control selection bias. If implemented, these recommendations would substantially strengthen research on individual-level interventions designed to reduce racial bias and discrimination.","PeriodicalId":51692,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society for Social Work and Research","volume":"24 1","pages":"165 - 183"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87492960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. McDonald, Kelly E. O’Connor, Angela Matijczak, J. Murphy, Jennifer W. Applebaum, Camie A. Tomlinson, Traci L. Wike, S. Kattari
Objective: The current study evaluates whether, and to what extent, the association between gender-based victimization and well-being among sexual and gender minority emerging adults varies as a function of emotional support from companion animals. Method: Data were collected from young people ages 18–21 years who self-identified as a sexual and/or gender minority (N = 134; 37.3% ethnic/racial minority; 49.2% gender minority; 98.5% sexual minority). Results: Results of simple and multiple moderation models suggest that the effect of victimization on self-esteem is moderated by comfort from companion animals and that the association between victimization and self-esteem is statistically significant at low levels of comfort from companion animals and high levels of social support. We did not find evidence of moderation in models with either anxiety or depression as the dependent variable. Conclusions: These findings underscore the potential role of emotional comfort derived from relationships with companion animals in supporting psychological well-being following gender-based victimization, as well as the importance of community collaboration between human and animal support services.
{"title":"Relationships Between Emotional Comfort From Companion Animals and Victimization and Psychological Well-Being Among Sexual and Gender Minority Emerging Adults","authors":"S. McDonald, Kelly E. O’Connor, Angela Matijczak, J. Murphy, Jennifer W. Applebaum, Camie A. Tomlinson, Traci L. Wike, S. Kattari","doi":"10.1086/713889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/713889","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The current study evaluates whether, and to what extent, the association between gender-based victimization and well-being among sexual and gender minority emerging adults varies as a function of emotional support from companion animals. Method: Data were collected from young people ages 18–21 years who self-identified as a sexual and/or gender minority (N = 134; 37.3% ethnic/racial minority; 49.2% gender minority; 98.5% sexual minority). Results: Results of simple and multiple moderation models suggest that the effect of victimization on self-esteem is moderated by comfort from companion animals and that the association between victimization and self-esteem is statistically significant at low levels of comfort from companion animals and high levels of social support. We did not find evidence of moderation in models with either anxiety or depression as the dependent variable. Conclusions: These findings underscore the potential role of emotional comfort derived from relationships with companion animals in supporting psychological well-being following gender-based victimization, as well as the importance of community collaboration between human and animal support services.","PeriodicalId":51692,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society for Social Work and Research","volume":"20 1","pages":"763 - 787"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76998916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Social Work Research Using Electronic Health Records and Criminal Justice Data: Recommendations and Lessons Learned","authors":"Briana Barocas, Rei Shimizu, Sejung Yang","doi":"10.1086/723609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/723609","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51692,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society for Social Work and Research","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73358364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Goode, Sarah M. Godoy, Mimi V. Chapman, Steven Day, Todd M. Jensen
Objective: Although essential workers of color in the United States have been notably at risk during the COVID-19 pandemic, less is known about the impacts of associated life stressors within this population. Thus, the purpose of this study is to understand (a) the impact of life stressors among a sample of essential workers of color during the COVID-19 pandemic and (b) associations between life stressors and sociodemographic characteristics, work, mental health, substance use, and eating behaviors. Method: Essential workers of color (N=319) completed the Holms-Rahe Life Stress Inventory to examine whether any set of 43 life stress experiences occurred because of COVID-19. We used latent class analysis to examine patterns of clustering. Results: We identified three latent classes: (a) minimally impacted, (b) moderately impacted, and (c) widely impacted. Most of our sample reported being minimally impacted (53%) or moderately impacted (35%) by life events during the pandemic. However, participants clustered within the widely impacted pattern (11%) reported significantly more concerns with substance use, binge eating, and perceived stress. Conclusions: Findings highlight distinct patterns of life-stress impacts caused by COVID-19 among essential workers of color. Social workers must consider how to implement policies to reduce the systematic challenges faced by those who are most marginalized.
{"title":"The Impact of Life Stressors Associated With the COVID-19 Pandemic on Essential Workers of Color","authors":"R. Goode, Sarah M. Godoy, Mimi V. Chapman, Steven Day, Todd M. Jensen","doi":"10.1086/723608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/723608","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Although essential workers of color in the United States have been notably at risk during the COVID-19 pandemic, less is known about the impacts of associated life stressors within this population. Thus, the purpose of this study is to understand (a) the impact of life stressors among a sample of essential workers of color during the COVID-19 pandemic and (b) associations between life stressors and sociodemographic characteristics, work, mental health, substance use, and eating behaviors. Method: Essential workers of color (N=319) completed the Holms-Rahe Life Stress Inventory to examine whether any set of 43 life stress experiences occurred because of COVID-19. We used latent class analysis to examine patterns of clustering. Results: We identified three latent classes: (a) minimally impacted, (b) moderately impacted, and (c) widely impacted. Most of our sample reported being minimally impacted (53%) or moderately impacted (35%) by life events during the pandemic. However, participants clustered within the widely impacted pattern (11%) reported significantly more concerns with substance use, binge eating, and perceived stress. Conclusions: Findings highlight distinct patterns of life-stress impacts caused by COVID-19 among essential workers of color. Social workers must consider how to implement policies to reduce the systematic challenges faced by those who are most marginalized.","PeriodicalId":51692,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society for Social Work and Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"5 - 28"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77247311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Roderick A. Rose, John A. Cosgrove, Bethany R. Lee
{"title":"Directed Acyclic Graphs in Social Work Research and Evaluation: A Primer","authors":"Roderick A. Rose, John A. Cosgrove, Bethany R. Lee","doi":"10.1086/723606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/723606","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51692,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society for Social Work and Research","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84568187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This invited article isbasedon the2022 Aaron RosenLecture —“ Healing Humanity: Leading through Innovation and our Courage to Change ”— presented by Jorge Delva at the Society for Social Work and Research 26th Annual Conference held January 12 – 16, 2022, in Washington, DC. The annual Aaron Rosen Lecture features distinguished scholars who have accumulated a body of signi fi cant and innovative scholarship relevant to practice, the research base for practice, or effective use of research in practice. Delva invited colleague Laura Abrams to collaborate on this paper, which captures the essence of his Rosen Lecture, because the two scholars have extensively discussed the impact of social movements, social work roles within these movements, and research and educational trends.
{"title":"Social Work Researchers: From Scientific Technicians to Changemakers","authors":"J. Delva, Laura S. Abrams","doi":"10.1086/722773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/722773","url":null,"abstract":"This invited article isbasedon the2022 Aaron RosenLecture —“ Healing Humanity: Leading through Innovation and our Courage to Change ”— presented by Jorge Delva at the Society for Social Work and Research 26th Annual Conference held January 12 – 16, 2022, in Washington, DC. The annual Aaron Rosen Lecture features distinguished scholars who have accumulated a body of signi fi cant and innovative scholarship relevant to practice, the research base for practice, or effective use of research in practice. Delva invited colleague Laura Abrams to collaborate on this paper, which captures the essence of his Rosen Lecture, because the two scholars have extensively discussed the impact of social movements, social work roles within these movements, and research and educational trends.","PeriodicalId":51692,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society for Social Work and Research","volume":"44 1","pages":"645 - 661"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81434392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Erin Meehan, C. Rizo, Spenser R. Radtke, Christopher J. Wretman, Jeongsuk Kim, Brittney R. Chesworth, Ashley D. Givens, Carolina Alzuru, D. Fulton, L. Lotz, Rebecca J. Macy
{"title":"The Relationship Between Employing Latinx Staff and Domestic Violence Service Provision: A Brief Research Report","authors":"Erin Meehan, C. Rizo, Spenser R. Radtke, Christopher J. Wretman, Jeongsuk Kim, Brittney R. Chesworth, Ashley D. Givens, Carolina Alzuru, D. Fulton, L. Lotz, Rebecca J. Macy","doi":"10.1086/722903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/722903","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51692,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society for Social Work and Research","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83377401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Perceived Discrimination, Deportation Fear, and Mental Health of Muslim-Majority Central Asian Immigrants","authors":"Chiao-yu Yang, Jildyz Urbaeva, Jinhee Koo","doi":"10.1086/722835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/722835","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51692,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society for Social Work and Research","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85647817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Exploration of the Relationship Between Social Work Degree and Interprofessional Collaboration in the U.S. Child Welfare System","authors":"Jon D. Phillips, Elizabeth Jurczak","doi":"10.1086/722585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/722585","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51692,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society for Social Work and Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73012053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Lewis, V. Murugan, Megan Feely, K. Williams, Michelle C. Sermon, Sumr Farooq
{"title":"Quality Parenting Initiative: Engaging Diverse Stakeholders as Champions for Child Welfare Systems Reform","authors":"E. Lewis, V. Murugan, Megan Feely, K. Williams, Michelle C. Sermon, Sumr Farooq","doi":"10.1086/722445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/722445","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51692,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society for Social Work and Research","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90963485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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