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El crimen organizado y su impacto en la movilidad humana en Ciudad Juárez 有组织犯罪及其对华雷斯市人员流动的影响
Pub Date : 2024-02-26 DOI: 10.62364/cneip.6.2024.207
María Teresa Martínez Almanza, María Nieves González Valles, Alberto Castro Valles
This research aimed to identify the factors driving the mobility of individuals, whether due to internal or international migration, who are staying in shelters in Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico. The qualitative methodology employed allowed for an analysis of the mobility of individuals temporarily housed in the city, and to identify the experiences of violence they have endured. Data collection was based on 60 semi-structured interviews conducted in six centers providing assistance to migrants. The results revealed death threats and extortion, including by government officials and drug traffickers, threats from the Michoacán Cartel, as well as the kidnapping of children for recruitment into organized crime.  It is concluded that the predominantly violent environment, largely facilitated by the presence and actions of organized crime, as well as the lack of essential resources, fits within the structural causes of migration.
本研究旨在确定墨西哥奇瓦瓦州华雷斯市收容所中因国内或国际移民而流动的人员的流动因素。采用定性方法分析了在该市临时居住的人员的流动性,并确定了他们遭受暴力的经历。数据收集基于在六个移民援助中心进行的 60 次半结构化访谈。结果显示了死亡威胁和敲诈勒索,包括来自政府官员和贩毒者的威胁,来自米却肯卡特尔的威胁,以及绑架儿童以招募他们加入有组织犯罪。 研究得出的结论是,暴力环境占主导地位,这在很大程度上是由于有组织犯罪的存在和行动以及缺乏基本资源造成的,这也是造成移徙的结构性原因。
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引用次数: 0
Migración y violencia de género: Reconfiguraciones familiares y comunitarias en la Sierra Purépecha 移民与性别暴力:普雷佩查山脉的家庭与社区重构
Pub Date : 2024-02-26 DOI: 10.62364/cneip.6.2024.205
Casimiro Leco Tomás, Maricruz Rios Velázquez
This article examines the impact of migration on gender violence against women in the municipalities of Nahuatzen and Cherán, in the Sierra Purépecha, Michoacán, Mexico. This indigenous region is one of the main senders of labor to other areas of the country and the United States, a migration phenomenon that leads to a restructuring of the family core and the community. Using a qualitative method, semi-structured interviews were conducted with four women between 18 and 35 years old. It was found that, women experience situations of vulnerability: gender roles, power relations and scenarios of physical, psychological, economic and sexual violence are exacerbated by their husbands, family members or active subjects in the migration process.
本文探讨了移民对墨西哥米却肯州普雷佩查山脉纳瓦岑和切兰市妇女遭受性别暴力的影响。这一原住民地区是向墨西哥其他地区和美国输送劳动力的主要地区之一,移民现象导致了家庭核心和社区的重组。采用定性方法,对四名 18 至 35 岁的妇女进行了半结构化访谈。结果发现,妇女处于弱势地位:性别角色、权力关系以及身体、心理、经济和性暴力情景因其丈夫、家庭成员或移徙过程中的积极主体而加剧。
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引用次数: 0
La migración desde la mirada de las infancias. Caso Michoacán 儿童眼中的移民。米却肯州的案例
Pub Date : 2024-02-26 DOI: 10.62364/cneip.6.2024.218
Diana Tamara Martínez Ruiz, Luis Esteban Huacuz Dimas, Óscar Ariel Mojica Madrigal, José Miguel Moctezuma Longoria
This article analyzes the ways in which children express and understand transnational migration from their social, family and cultural contexts; identifying resilience mechanisms of his family through the drawings recovered in some municipalities of the State of Michoacán. The systematization of the experience of the “Art, Culture and Migration” workshop was – through an ethnographic vision – in two senses: first, interpreting what childhoods build through community imaginaries related to transnational migration, with a focus on agency in childhoods and family dynamics; and the second, the artistic creations were qualitatively analyzed, from the analysis of the expression of emotion and the imaginary construction of what they understand by “migration” in their family, community and social contexts, from their own capacity for agency, managing to observe iconic aspects of migration and its emotions.
本文从儿童的社会、家庭和文化背景出发,分析了儿童表达和理解跨国移民的方式;通过在米却肯州一些城市收集到的图画,确定了其家庭的复原机制。对 "艺术、文化与移民 "研讨会经验的系统化--通过人种学的视角--体现在两个方面:首先,通过与跨国移民有关的社区想象来解释童年所建立的东西,重点是童年和家庭动态中的能动性;其次,对艺术创作进行定性分析,从情感表达的分析和他们在家庭、社区和社会背景下对 "移民 "的理解的想象建构出发,从他们自身的能动性出发,设法观察移民及其情感的标志性方面。
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引用次数: 0
Ejercicios de Chi Kung como una propuesta de autocuidado en la experiencia migrante 将气功练习作为移民自我保健的一种方法
Pub Date : 2024-02-26 DOI: 10.62364/cneip.6.2024.199
María Magdalena Lozano Zúñiga
The present reflection aims to propose the use of Chi Kung exercises as an alternative for self-care in the experience of migrants. This ancient technique, derived from traditional and complementary therapies, is presented as an accessible and easy-to-perform tool, allowing vulnerable populations to apply it. These are simple exercises that do not require a specific space or prolonged time each day. The sustained practice of these exercises promotes a sense of psychosocial comfort in individuals or their families.
本思考旨在提出使用气功练习作为移民自我保健的替代方法。这项古老的技术源于传统疗法和补充疗法,是一种方便易行的工具,使弱势群体也能应用。这些都是简单的练习,不需要特定的空间或每天长时间的练习。持续练习这些练习可促进个人或其家人的心理舒适感。
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引用次数: 0
Prácticas transnacionales y calidad de vida de un pueblo michoacano con experiencia de migración a Estados Unidos 有移民美国经历的米却肯人的跨国实践与生活质量
Pub Date : 2024-02-26 DOI: 10.62364/cneip.6.2024.216
Yesica Zulemi Acosta Silva, Ericka Ivonne Cervantes Pacheco
This research aimed to explore the transnational affective, family, social, economic and material practices and the perception of the quality of life maintained by people with migration experience between San Jose Huipana, Michoacan, and the United States, which allow them to maintain links between the country of origin and destination. A qualitative methodology, a phenomenological method, and a cross-sectional and descriptive study were used. Thirteen people with migration experience were interviewed in-depth, intentionally selected by typical-ideal cases, through snowballing. The data were analyzed phenomenologically. It was found that transnational practices favor the quality of life in general since they promote the physical, psychological, economic, material, and social well-being of active migrants and their families.
本研究旨在探讨在米却肯州圣何塞-惠帕纳和美国之间有移民经历的人在情感、家庭、社会、经济和物质方面的跨国实践以及对生活质量的看法,这些实践和看法使他们能够在原籍国和目的地国之间保持联系。研究采用了定性方法、现象学方法以及横断面描述性研究。通过 "滚雪球 "的方式,有意从典型-理想案例中选取 13 位有移民经历的人进行了深入访谈。对数据进行了现象学分析。研究发现,跨国实践有利于提高移民及其家人的身体、心理、经济、物质和社会福祉,因此总体上有利于提高生活质量。
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引用次数: 0
Las redes de apoyo entre mujeres y su papel en el proceso migratorio 妇女支持网络及其在移民过程中的作用
Pub Date : 2024-02-26 DOI: 10.62364/cneip.6.2024.213
Paulina De la Torre Vidal
Support networks among women are crucial in their migration process, offering emotional refuge and vital resources. Female migration faces unique difficulties, such as violence and discrimination. These networks challenged patriarchal systems and promoted solidarity. In addition, it provides psychological support and helps prevent the deterioration of mental health. Multidisciplinary research is necessary to better understand the improvement strategies and achievements of migrant women. Intersectionality reveals that these networks not only respond to adversity but also address systemic inequalities and promote a more just society.
妇女之间的支持网络在她们的移民过程中至关重要,可以为她们提供情感庇护和重要资源。女性移民面临着独特的困难,如暴力和歧视。这些网络挑战了父权制度,促进了团结。此外,它还提供了心理支持,有助于防止心理健康恶化。为了更好地了解移民妇女的改善策略和成就,有必要开展多学科研究。交叉性揭示了这些网络不仅能应对逆境,还能解决系统性不平等问题,促进社会更加公正。
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引用次数: 0
Migrar sin salir de casa en Michoacán 米却肯州背井离乡的移民
Pub Date : 2024-02-26 DOI: 10.62364/cneip.6.2024.217
Salvador García Espinosa
Michoacán is one of the federal entities that has historically presented high migratory intensity and consequently is located in the first places regarding the attraction of remittances that enter the country annually. There is a close vertical link between localities in Michoacán and those North American cities where Mexican immigrants are concentrated; even more intense than with those cities in its immediate surroundings. The hypothesis supported in this article is that the exchange is such that, for many inhabitants, it is possible to experience a cultural dynamic strongly conditioned by the migratory dynamic, without having crossed to the other side.
米却肯州是历来移民密集的联邦实体之一,因此在吸引每年进入该国的汇款方面位居前列。米却肯州各地与墨西哥移民集中的北美城市之间有着密切的纵向联系,甚至比与周边城市的联系更为紧密。本文所支持的假设是,对于许多居民来说,这种交流使得他们有可能在没有跨越到另一端的情况下,体验到受移民动态影响很大的文化动态。
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引用次数: 0
Aquí y Allá: Migración Mexicana en Estados Unidos, Apropiación y Creación del Espacio Trasnacional 这里和那里:墨西哥移民美国、占有和创造跨国空间
Pub Date : 2024-02-26 DOI: 10.62364/cneip.6.2024.215
Ananí Bravo Sosa
This article analyzes how Mexican migrants in the United States appropriate and build spaces to enjoy a comfortable stay in a physical and cultural environment different from that of origin. Harvey's (1990) definition of space as a three-dimensional dynamic place: 1) The lived and produced space; 2) perceived space and 3) imagined space. It brings us closer to the material, symbolic and anthropological dimensions of culture, where the distance between homeland and migrant is seen as an obstacle to overcome to reach harmony.The cases of the Twin Cities, Minnesota and Grand Rapids, Michigan are addressed. The documentary research method was used in the first case and field research for the second. We show how, through cultural practices, migrants’ appropriate sites, creating spaces that transcend borders.
本文分析了在美国的墨西哥移民如何利用和构建空间,以便在不同于原籍的物质和文化环境中享受舒适的生活。哈维(1990 年)将空间定义为三维动态场所:1)生活和生产空间;2)感知空间和 3)想象空间。它使我们更接近文化的物质、象征和人类学层面,故乡与移民之间的距离被视为达到和谐所需要克服的障碍。第一个案例采用了文献研究法,第二个案例采用了实地研究法。我们展示了移民是如何通过文化实践,在合适的地点创造出超越边界的空间。
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引用次数: 0
Las migrantes tras las rejas: Un desafío para el sistema penitenciario 狱中移民:监狱系统面临的挑战
Pub Date : 2024-02-26 DOI: 10.62364/cneip.6.2024.212
Irene Margarita Espinosa Parra, Nayanci Espinosa Parra
Migration is a global phenomenon that impacts penitentiary centers like CERESOFE in Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico. This essay examines the ethical, legal, and social implications of female migration; at this center, 35% of the 156 incarcerated women are migrants. Migration theories help understand their motives. However, precarious detention conditions, lack of access to services, and language barriers negatively affect the physical and mental health of these women, posing challenges that require a critical evaluation to ensure a fair and equitable response.
移民是一种全球现象,影响着墨西哥纳亚里特州特皮克市的 CERESOFE 等感化中心。这篇文章探讨了女性移民的伦理、法律和社会影响;在该中心的 156 名被监禁女性中,35% 是移民。移民理论有助于理解她们的动机。然而,岌岌可危的拘留条件、缺乏获得服务的途径以及语言障碍对这些妇女的身心健康造成了负面影响,这些挑战需要进行批判性评估,以确保采取公平、公正的应对措施。
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引用次数: 0
Fugitivas de la violencia: emociones y resistencias de mujeres en condición de desplazamiento forzado 暴力逃犯:被迫流离失所妇女的情感与反抗
Pub Date : 2024-02-24 DOI: 10.62364/cneip.6.2024.208
Alondra Yolanda Zing Varela, Deysy Margarita Tovar Hernández, Julieta Yadira Islas Limón, Alethia Alejandra Montalvo González
Women in the process of forced displacement experience violence during their transit, due to their historical gender condition, place of origin, age, schooling, economic conditions, etc. The purpose of this work was to know the emotions and resistance of women in the process of forced displacement who reside in shelters in Tijuana. The study was qualitative, interpretative, descriptive, and cross-sectional. To obtain the information, the field diary and semi-structured interviews with five collaborators were used. In the qualitative analysis of content, experiences of violence were found from their places of origin, the journeys and in the shelters; the emotions they reported were guilt, fear and anger; however, the hope of a better life for them and their families, the alliances with other women, even when they are intermittent, allow them to resist critical moments and continue their search for a dignified life.
被迫流离失所的妇女由于其历史性别状况、原籍地、年龄、就学情况、经济条件等原因,在过境 过程中会遭受暴力侵害。这项工作的目的是了解居住在蒂华纳收容所的被迫流离失所妇女的情绪和反抗。本研究采用定性、解释、描述和横断面研究方法。为了获取信息,研究人员使用了实地日记和与五名合作者进行的半结构化访谈。在对内容进行定性分析时,发现了她们在原籍地、旅途中和庇护所中遭受暴力的经历;她们报告的情绪包括内疚、恐惧和愤怒;然而,对她们及其家人过上更好生活的希望,以及与其他妇女结成的联盟(即使这些联盟时断时续),使她们能够抵御关键时刻,继续寻求有尊严的生活。
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引用次数: 0
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Enseñanza e Investigación en Psicología Nueva Época
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