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Turkish-American strategic partnership: is Turkey still a faithful ally? 土美战略伙伴关系:土耳其仍是忠实盟友吗?
IF 2.1 2区 社会学 Q2 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-06-13 DOI: 10.1080/14683857.2022.2088081
M. Kara
ABSTRACT It has been widely argued that Turkish foreign policy has undergone a shift of axis under the ruling AKP, moving Turkey away from its Western alliance towards new alignments. The article employs neoclassical realism to explain the Turkish foreign policy behaviour, particularly Turkey’s policies vis-à-vis the United States and Russia in recent years. It aims to provide an account of Turkey’s military operations in Syria, the changing nature of Turkish-American relations, and Turkish-Russian strategic rapprochement, which has been raising concerns over Turkey’s faithful ally role in the transatlantic alliance. The tensions between Turkey and the US have gradually escalated following the American refusal to hand over Fethullah Gülen, Turkey’s military operations in Syria, Turkey’s decision to purchase Russian S-400 antiaircraft systems, and its removal from the F-35 fighter jet programme. The article analyzes both the unit-level variables and the systemic variables to explain Turkey’s evolving security and defence policies against the changing power structures and the implications of these policies on the country’s deteriorating relations with the US, competitive cooperation with Russia, and the future of the transatlantic alliance.
摘要人们普遍认为,在执政的正义与发展党领导下,土耳其的外交政策发生了轴心转变,土耳其从西方联盟转向了新的联盟。本文运用新古典现实主义理论来解释土耳其的外交政策行为,特别是近年来土耳其对美国和俄罗斯的政策。它旨在介绍土耳其在叙利亚的军事行动、土美关系性质的变化以及土俄战略和解,这引发了人们对土耳其在跨大西洋联盟中忠实盟友角色的担忧。在美国拒绝移交费特胡拉·葛兰、土耳其在叙利亚的军事行动、土耳其决定购买俄罗斯s-400防空系统以及将其从F-35战斗机计划中删除后,土耳其和美国之间的紧张局势逐渐升级。文章分析了单位层面的变量和系统变量,以解释土耳其在不断变化的权力结构下不断发展的安全和国防政策,以及这些政策对该国与美国日益恶化的关系、与俄罗斯的竞争性合作以及跨大西洋联盟的未来的影响。
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引用次数: 3
Far-Right vigilantes and crime: law and order providers or common criminals? The lessons from Greece, Russia, and Ukraine 极右翼治安维持者与犯罪:法律和秩序提供者还是普通罪犯?希腊、俄罗斯和乌克兰的经验教训
IF 2.1 2区 社会学 Q2 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-06-08 DOI: 10.1080/14683857.2022.2086666
Martin Laryš
ABSTRACT The extant literature claims that vigilante groups protect the traditional societal order by taking the law into their own hands. Vigilantes target entire categories of ‘others’ to prevent and punish their alleged criminality or norm-breaking. These activities are often connected with far-right political movements. However, the literature fails to explain why far-right vigilante groups are frequently involved in purely criminal activities (like extortion or robbery), despite their public presentation as bastions of law and order. This text provides a tentative theory of the political-criminal convergence in political violence under the disguise of community protection against crime and norm-breaking. This theory is demonstrated through the cases of Russia (Russian National Unity), Greece (Golden Dawn), and Ukraine (Azov movement).
摘要现存文献声称,治安维持组织通过将法律掌握在自己手中来保护传统社会秩序。警戒人员针对整类“他人”,以防止和惩罚他们涉嫌犯罪或违反规范的行为。这些活动往往与极右翼政治运动有关。然而,文献未能解释为什么极右翼治安维持者团体经常参与纯粹的犯罪活动(如勒索或抢劫),尽管他们公开表示自己是法律和秩序的堡垒。本文提供了一种尝试性的理论,即在社区犯罪保护和规范破坏的伪装下,政治暴力中的政治犯罪趋同。这一理论通过俄罗斯(俄罗斯民族团结)、希腊(金色黎明)和乌克兰(亚速尔运动)的案例得到了证明。
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引用次数: 0
1821–1831: Transition from pre-modernity to modern society in Greece 1821–1831:希腊从前现代社会向现代社会的过渡
IF 2.1 2区 社会学 Q2 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-06-02 DOI: 10.1080/14683857.2022.2072558
T. Veremis
ABSTRACT Within a decade of the Greek War of Independence, social entities, segmented by familial institutions, client-based networks, and ties of locality, began their transition to modernity. Instead of exclusive loyalty to the family and place of birth, modern identity turns to the abstraction of an ‘imagined community’ – that of the nation. Embracing modernity involved an expansion of cognition to accept the reality of concepts not subject to sensory verification. A variety of autobiographical works and historical memoirs will provide evidence of transition and the difficulties that its verification entails. The views of different segments of society concerning their place and role in the war were never uniform nor unchanging. This article discusses the works that produce conflicting evidence on the decade in question and subsequent times when most of the memoirs appeared in print.
摘要在希腊独立战争的十年里,以家庭机构、客户网络和地方关系为细分的社会实体开始向现代性过渡。现代身份不再只忠于家庭和出生地,而是转向“想象中的社区”的抽象——国家的抽象。接受现代性涉及认知的扩展,以接受不受感官验证的概念的现实。各种自传体作品和历史回忆录将为过渡及其验证所带来的困难提供证据。社会不同阶层对自己在战争中的地位和作用的看法从来都不是一致的,也不是一成不变的。这篇文章讨论了在所讨论的十年以及随后大多数回忆录出版的时代产生相互矛盾的证据的作品。
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引用次数: 0
A Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) of the strategic plans of Istanbul under different political administrations 不同政治管理下伊斯坦布尔战略计划的批判性话语分析
IF 2.1 2区 社会学 Q2 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-05-19 DOI: 10.1080/14683857.2022.2075142
İhsan İkizer
ABSTRACT Strategic plans are sophisticated public administration tools of local governments, which are not limited to the simple expression of priorities of a city or plans and projects to be conducted in the future. They are more than the sum of some words and expressions, and they are shaped primarily by the political approach or ideology of the administration releasing them. In this article, a comparative Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) of the last two strategic plans of Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (IMM) (2015–2019/2020-2024), which were prepared by mayors with different party affiliations, was conducted. It is observed that a participatory democracy discourse has been adopted in the new strategic plan with the predominant use of words such as participation, participatory, transparency, cooperation, inclusive, fair, equal, accountability etc. The rigid shift from government to governance discourse in the strategic plans of IMM is also visible in the non-linguistic practice of the municipality.
摘要战略规划是地方政府复杂的公共管理工具,不局限于简单地表达城市的优先事项或未来要实施的计划和项目。它们不仅仅是一些词语和表达的总和,它们主要是由发布它们的政府的政治方法或意识形态形成的。在这篇文章中,对伊斯坦布尔大都会市(IMM)的最后两个战略计划(2015-2019/20-2024)进行了比较批判性话语分析(CDA),这两个计划是由不同党派的市长制定的。据观察,新的战略计划中采用了参与式民主话语,主要使用了参与、参与、透明、合作、包容、公平、平等、问责等词语。IMM战略计划中从政府话语到治理话语的刚性转变在市政当局的非语言实践中也很明显。
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引用次数: 1
The Presidentialisation of Political Parties in the Western Balkans 西巴尔干地区政党的总统制
IF 2.1 2区 社会学 Q2 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-05-15 DOI: 10.1080/14683857.2022.2076990
D. Sotiropoulos
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引用次数: 2
The Politics of a Disillusioned Europe: East Central Europe After the Fall of Communism 幻想破灭的欧洲政治:共产主义垮台后的东中欧
IF 2.1 2区 社会学 Q2 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-05-12 DOI: 10.1080/14683857.2022.2076422
G. Camară
ABSTRACT This paper is a book review of the André Liebich’s book on East-Central Europe countries, socialist before 1989 and members of the European Union today. In this book, the author describes the evolution of these countries after the fall of communism and the accession to the European Union. The purpose of this book is to offer an overview of the countries of East-Central Europe some thirty years of transition.
本文是对安德烈•利比希关于中东欧国家、1989年以前的社会主义国家和今天的欧盟成员国的著作的书评。在这本书中,作者描述了这些国家在共产主义垮台和加入欧盟后的演变。这本书的目的是提供一个概述的国家东中欧大约三十年的转型。
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引用次数: 2
Religion, subjectivity, and societal structure: politics and society according to religious leaders in Slovenia 宗教、主体性和社会结构:斯洛文尼亚宗教领袖的政治和社会
IF 2.1 2区 社会学 Q2 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-05-09 DOI: 10.1080/14683857.2022.2073673
Jo Töpfer
ABSTRACT The article summarizes major findings of a study on attitudes of 30 broadly ranked religious dignitaries in Slovenia (including four active bishops of the Roman-Catholic Church), exploring their preferred relationship between religion, politics, and society. The study employed ‘Q-methodology’, which allows for a systematic analysis of subjective viewpoints and groups respondents according to their attitudes. The first aim was explorative and enquired about attitudes to the field. The findings show seven significant types of positions, but also that these are not determined by respondents’ religious background, geographical location, or age. The second aim was to examine the integrative or conflictual potential of these types within the context of the modern, multi-religious society, with significant secular segments among the Slovenian population. Despite differences in their specific contents, most viewpoints reflect integrative tendencies. However, the potential for societal conflict can be located within small groups associated with large, traditional religious communities. This article addresses the general orientation of research on the role of religious leaders in domestic politics, which followed the influence of their political perspectives on the electorate and illustrated the links between denominational alignment and political orientation.
摘要本文总结了一项对斯洛文尼亚30位级别广泛的宗教政要(包括四位活跃的罗马天主教主教)态度的研究的主要结果,探讨了他们在宗教、政治和社会之间的偏好关系。该研究采用了“Q方法论”,可以对主观观点进行系统分析,并根据受访者的态度对其进行分组。第一个目的是探索性的,询问人们对该领域的态度。调查结果显示了七种重要的职位类型,但这些职位并不是由受访者的宗教背景、地理位置或年龄决定的。第二个目的是在现代多宗教社会的背景下,研究这些类型的融合或冲突潜力,斯洛文尼亚人口中有相当多的世俗阶层。尽管它们在具体内容上存在差异,但大多数观点都反映出一体化的倾向。然而,社会冲突的可能性可能存在于与大型传统宗教社区相关的小团体中。本文阐述了宗教领袖在国内政治中作用研究的总体方向,遵循了他们的政治观点对选民的影响,并说明了教派结盟与政治方向之间的联系。
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引用次数: 0
Carcinogenicity of cobalt, antimony compounds, and weapons-grade tungsten alloy. 钴、锑化合物和武器级钨合金的致癌性。
2区 社会学 Q2 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-05-01 Epub Date: 2022-04-07 DOI: 10.1016/S1470-2045(22)00219-4
Margaret R Karagas, Amy Wang, David C Dorman, Amy L Hall, Jingbo Pi, Consolato M Sergi, Elaine Symanski, Elizabeth M Ward, Victoria H Arrandale, Kenichi Azuma, Eduardo Brambila, Gloria M Calaf, Jason M Fritz, Shoji Fukushima, Joanna M Gaitens, Tom K Grimsrud, Lei Guo, Elsebeth Lynge, Amélia P Marinho-Reis, Melissa A McDiarmid, Daniel R S Middleton, Thomas P Ong, David A Polya, Betzabet Quintanilla-Vega, Georgia K Roberts, Tiina Santonen, Riitta Sauni, Maria J Silva, Pascal Wild, Changwen W Zhang, Qunwei Zhang, Yann Grosse, Lamia Benbrahim-Tallaa, Aline de Conti, Nathan L DeBono, Fatiha El Ghissassi, Federica Madia, Bradley Reisfeld, Leslie T Stayner, Eero Suonio, Susana Viegas, Roland Wedekind, Shukrullah Ahmadi, Heidi Mattock, William M Gwinn, Mary K Schubauer-Berigan
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引用次数: 0
Emotions in a diaspora’s interpretation of political developments in their place of origin: the case of Australian Armenians from Turkey 散居国外的人对原籍地政治发展的解读中的情感:来自土耳其的澳大利亚亚美尼亚人的案例
IF 2.1 2区 社会学 Q2 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-04-24 DOI: 10.1080/14683857.2022.2067405
Ihsan Yilmaz, M. Demir
ABSTRACT This paper aims to investigate how emotions guide and shape diasporic communities’ interpretation/perception of socio-political developments in their place of origin. Based on our study of members of the Armenian diaspora who are originally from Turkey and who now live in Melbourne, Australia, we argue that these Armenians have formed their views on political issues under the influence of their emotional experiences, stemming from direct or indirect victimhood. The paper finds that several key emotions – fear, hate (and lack of hate), anticipation, and pessimism, inform and shape the Australian Armenian diaspora’s making sense of political developments in their place of origin, Turkey. The paper’s contribution to the relevant scholarship is twofold. First, it contributes to the studies on emotions in diasporas by examining how emotions shape individual members of a diaspora make sense of political developments in their place of origin. Second, it contributes to the literature on modern Turkey by studying Armenians from Turkey and their emotions on socio-political phenomena.
摘要本文旨在探讨情绪如何引导和塑造流散社区对其原籍地社会政治发展的解释/感知。根据我们对来自土耳其、现居澳洲墨尔本的亚美尼亚侨民的研究,我们认为这些亚美尼亚人对政治议题的看法,是在他们直接或间接受害经历的影响下形成的。本文发现,恐惧、仇恨(或不仇恨)、期待和悲观等几种关键情绪,影响并塑造了澳大利亚亚美尼亚侨民对其原籍国土耳其政治发展的理解。这篇论文对相关学术的贡献是双重的。首先,它通过考察情绪如何影响散居侨民的个体成员理解其原籍地的政治发展,为散居侨民的情感研究做出了贡献。其次,它通过研究来自土耳其的亚美尼亚人及其对社会政治现象的情感,为现代土耳其文学做出了贡献。
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引用次数: 1
Science, religion, and the nation: de-scienticizing Nobel Prize scientist Aziz Sancar 科学、宗教和国家:去科学化诺贝尔奖科学家阿齐兹·桑卡尔
IF 2.1 2区 社会学 Q2 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-04-19 DOI: 10.1080/14683857.2022.2067097
Elif Gezgin, Argun Abrek Canbolat
ABSTRACT This article examines the emergence of Nobel Prize-winning Turkish scientist Aziz Sancar as a scientific persona model. After receiving the Nobel Prize in 2015, Sancar’s nationalistic tendencies and close relationship with incumbent Justice and Development Party (Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi – AKP) leaders opened up a wide range of discussions on how a scientist’s relationship with politics should be intellectually interpreted. Focusing on the case of Aziz Sancar, this article examines the specific contextual conditions in which a scientist expresses his identity and how it is interpreted by the public. To this end, the aim of this work is to present an in-depth analysis of the discussions that took place in Ekşi Sözlük, a popular social media platform acting as an online forum in Turkey, and news from the national media and to scrutinize how a scientific persona is conceived in Turkey and how Aziz Sancar has been ‘de-scienticized’ in the heavy polarized Turkish political atmosphere.
本文考察了诺贝尔奖得主土耳其科学家阿齐兹·桑卡尔作为科学人格模型的出现。2015年获得诺贝尔奖后,桑卡尔的民族主义倾向以及与现任正义与发展党(Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi - AKP)领导人的密切关系,引发了关于科学家与政治关系应该如何理性解释的广泛讨论。本文以Aziz Sancar的案例为重点,考察了科学家表达自己身份的具体背景条件,以及公众对其身份的解读。为此,这项工作的目的是深入分析ek(土耳其一个受欢迎的社交媒体平台,作为一个在线论坛)Sözlük上发生的讨论,以及来自国家媒体的新闻,并仔细研究土耳其如何构想科学人物,以及Aziz Sancar如何在土耳其严重两极分化的政治氛围中被“去科学化”。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Southeast European and Black Sea Studies
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