ABSTRACT On-site sorting of construction waste has been perceived as an effective measure for promoting sustainable construction. Previous studies have identified factors influencing the implementation of such construction waste sorting activities on-site. Most of them, however, focused on examining the factors from a single standpoint, disregarding the interrelationships between them. This paper seeks to investigate influential factors in implementing on-site construction waste sorting activities, with particular emphasis on their interactive relationships. Data was collected via semi-structured interviews with ten experienced professionals. The intricate interactive relationships among these factors were described and analyzed through the application of an Interpretive Structural Modeling approach and a Matriced’ Impacts Croises-Multipication Applique a Classement analysis. This yielded 13 principal factors that could be sorted into four categories: autonomous, dependent, linkage and driving—with six being considered as fundamental for successful on-site construction waste sorting; i.e., difficulty in sorting materials from mixed construction waste, limited space & environment at the site, low benefits from this activity, interference causing regular disruptions to site activities, immature recycled material market, and lack of government regulation support. In contrast to prior studies, the lack of manpower is no longer seen as being as critical an issue as before. Factors such as the difficulty in sorting materials from mixed construction waste, the limited benefit from on-site construction waste sorting, and the lack of government regulation support have become more critical. This study not only helps to identify the critical elements that affect on-site sorting of construction waste and their relationships, but also assists policymakers and practitioners in understanding the priority of measures needed to increase on-site sorting of construction waste.
{"title":"INTERPRETIVE STRUCTURAL MODELING FOR INVESTIGATING FACTORS AND THEIR RELATIONSHIPS INFLUENCING ON-SITE SORTING OF CONSTRUCTION WASTE","authors":"Hongping Yuan, Xiangnan Song, Jing Liu","doi":"10.3992/jgb.18.3.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3992/jgb.18.3.1","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT On-site sorting of construction waste has been perceived as an effective measure for promoting sustainable construction. Previous studies have identified factors influencing the implementation of such construction waste sorting activities on-site. Most of them, however, focused on examining the factors from a single standpoint, disregarding the interrelationships between them. This paper seeks to investigate influential factors in implementing on-site construction waste sorting activities, with particular emphasis on their interactive relationships. Data was collected via semi-structured interviews with ten experienced professionals. The intricate interactive relationships among these factors were described and analyzed through the application of an Interpretive Structural Modeling approach and a Matriced’ Impacts Croises-Multipication Applique a Classement analysis. This yielded 13 principal factors that could be sorted into four categories: autonomous, dependent, linkage and driving—with six being considered as fundamental for successful on-site construction waste sorting; i.e., difficulty in sorting materials from mixed construction waste, limited space & environment at the site, low benefits from this activity, interference causing regular disruptions to site activities, immature recycled material market, and lack of government regulation support. In contrast to prior studies, the lack of manpower is no longer seen as being as critical an issue as before. Factors such as the difficulty in sorting materials from mixed construction waste, the limited benefit from on-site construction waste sorting, and the lack of government regulation support have become more critical. This study not only helps to identify the critical elements that affect on-site sorting of construction waste and their relationships, but also assists policymakers and practitioners in understanding the priority of measures needed to increase on-site sorting of construction waste.","PeriodicalId":51753,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Green Building","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135298162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT The design process influences the resulting environmental impacts and life cycle costs. Life cycle assessment can assist the construction industry in selecting more sustainable technological alternatives. In this context, wall systems play a significant role in the environmental and economic performance of a building. This paper compares the potential energy, costs, and environmental impacts of three structural wall construction systems (ceramic, concrete, and soil-cement blocks) for standard residential housing in Southern Brazil, considering a 50-year lifespan. The highest environmental impacts are related to the use stage of all three systems. The ceramic brick system presents the highest impact in the product stage, the concrete block system in the use stage, and the soil cement brick system in the construction stage. The concrete block system presents the highest relative net present value, followed by soil cement and ceramic brick systems. The impacts for the soil-cement block system are similar to those for ceramic block, while the concrete block system is the most expensive, energy demanding, and CO2 releasing. The results demonstrate the importance of producing criteria for architectural decision-making based on scientific evidence when choosing wall systems.
{"title":"ENERGY, ENVIRONMENTAL AND COST PERFORMANCE OF WALL SYSTEMS FOR STANDARD RESIDENTIAL HOUSING: A CASE STUDY","authors":"Gabriela Bertoli, Gabriela Sartori, Daniela Baptista, Ana Passuello, Angela Danilevicz, Maurício Torres, Monica Garcez","doi":"10.3992/jgb.18.3.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3992/jgb.18.3.41","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The design process influences the resulting environmental impacts and life cycle costs. Life cycle assessment can assist the construction industry in selecting more sustainable technological alternatives. In this context, wall systems play a significant role in the environmental and economic performance of a building. This paper compares the potential energy, costs, and environmental impacts of three structural wall construction systems (ceramic, concrete, and soil-cement blocks) for standard residential housing in Southern Brazil, considering a 50-year lifespan. The highest environmental impacts are related to the use stage of all three systems. The ceramic brick system presents the highest impact in the product stage, the concrete block system in the use stage, and the soil cement brick system in the construction stage. The concrete block system presents the highest relative net present value, followed by soil cement and ceramic brick systems. The impacts for the soil-cement block system are similar to those for ceramic block, while the concrete block system is the most expensive, energy demanding, and CO2 releasing. The results demonstrate the importance of producing criteria for architectural decision-making based on scientific evidence when choosing wall systems.","PeriodicalId":51753,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Green Building","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135298166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nighttime light (NTL) imagery provides valuable information for monitoring urban development, human activity, and, consequently, urban thermal environments. However, only a few studies have attempted to directly draw linkages between NTL and urban heat island (UHI) formation. Establishing associations between NTL and UHI indicators could potentially ease the process of identifying heightened thermal environments and thus pinpointing urban hotspots in need of policy interventions and strategic mitigation measures. In the present study, through clustering and correlation analysis, we study ties between NTL, surface urban heat island intensity (SUHII) and atmospheric urban heat island intensity (AUHII) in Seoul. NTL data was derived from the Suomi National Polar-Orbiting Partnership-Visible and Infrared imager/Radiometer Suite (SNPP-VIIRS), while SUHII data was obtained from the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite instrument. Additionally, AUHII was computed from archived weather data collected from multiple automatic weather stations (AWSs) in Seoul. Our results show that NTL is highly positively correlated with SUHII (R > 0.86, p < 0.05) and AUHII (R > 0.68, p < 0.05). The findings highlight the potential usage of NTL as a proxy for UHI formation, simplifying the process of identifying heightened thermal areas in Seoul that may require rapid policy intervention.
夜间灯光(NTL)图像为监测城市发展、人类活动以及城市热环境提供了有价值的信息。然而，只有少数研究试图直接得出NTL与城市热岛形成之间的联系。在NTL和城市热岛指数之间建立联系，可能会简化识别高温环境的过程，从而确定需要政策干预和战略缓解措施的城市热点地区。本文通过聚类分析和相关分析，研究了首尔地区NTL、地表城市热岛强度(SUHII)和大气城市热岛强度(AUHII)之间的关系。NTL数据来自Suomi国家极轨伙伴关系-可见光和红外成像仪/辐射计套件(SNPP-VIIRS)，而SUHII数据来自中分辨率成像光谱辐射计(MODIS)卫星仪器。此外，AUHII是根据首尔多个自动气象站(AWSs)收集的存档天气数据计算的。结果表明，NTL与SUHII (R > 0.86, p < 0.05)和AUHII (R > 0.68, p < 0.05)呈高度正相关。研究结果强调了NTL作为城市热岛形成指标的潜在用途，简化了识别首尔可能需要快速政策干预的高热区域的过程。
{"title":"NIGHTTIME LIGHT: A POTENTIAL PROXY FOR LOCAL NOCTURNAL URBAN HEAT ISLAND INTENSITY IN SEOUL","authors":"Jacques Nganyiyimana, Jack Ngarambe, G. Yun","doi":"10.3992/jgb.18.2.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3992/jgb.18.2.29","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Nighttime light (NTL) imagery provides valuable information for monitoring urban development, human activity, and, consequently, urban thermal environments. However, only a few studies have attempted to directly draw linkages between NTL and urban heat island (UHI) formation. Establishing associations between NTL and UHI indicators could potentially ease the process of identifying heightened thermal environments and thus pinpointing urban hotspots in need of policy interventions and strategic mitigation measures. In the present study, through clustering and correlation analysis, we study ties between NTL, surface urban heat island intensity (SUHII) and atmospheric urban heat island intensity (AUHII) in Seoul. NTL data was derived from the Suomi National Polar-Orbiting Partnership-Visible and Infrared imager/Radiometer Suite (SNPP-VIIRS), while SUHII data was obtained from the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite instrument. Additionally, AUHII was computed from archived weather data collected from multiple automatic weather stations (AWSs) in Seoul. Our results show that NTL is highly positively correlated with SUHII (R > 0.86, p < 0.05) and AUHII (R > 0.68, p < 0.05). The findings highlight the potential usage of NTL as a proxy for UHI formation, simplifying the process of identifying heightened thermal areas in Seoul that may require rapid policy intervention.","PeriodicalId":51753,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Green Building","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74118539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT We relate the findings of a survey of architecture school graduates wherein we investigate the relationship between education and practice and provide suggestions for bringing the two worlds closer together. Following a literature review, we present a questionnaire asking alumni to describe their understanding of practice gained while in school, their sense of preparation when entering the profession, and their observations about the nature and degree of alignment between the two. In our conclusions, we describe the relationship between a more theoretical and design-focused architectural education and the obligation of the architect to sustain a viable practice, to respond effectively to client-defined project needs and budget, and to ensure the health, safety and welfare of society.
{"title":"FROM SCHOOL TO OFFICE: RECENT GRADUATES’ PERCEPTIONS OF ARCHITECTURAL EDUCATION AND PRACTICE","authors":"Elizabeth J. Grant, Peter C. Ozolins","doi":"10.3992/jgb.18.2.247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3992/jgb.18.2.247","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT We relate the findings of a survey of architecture school graduates wherein we investigate the relationship between education and practice and provide suggestions for bringing the two worlds closer together. Following a literature review, we present a questionnaire asking alumni to describe their understanding of practice gained while in school, their sense of preparation when entering the profession, and their observations about the nature and degree of alignment between the two. In our conclusions, we describe the relationship between a more theoretical and design-focused architectural education and the obligation of the architect to sustain a viable practice, to respond effectively to client-defined project needs and budget, and to ensure the health, safety and welfare of society.","PeriodicalId":51753,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Green Building","volume":"124 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135469358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In daylighting performance simulations of façade systems, a trade-off is often required between processing speed and prediction accuracy. This is particularly relevant at design onset, where plausible simulation outcomes are essential to drive decisions between several alternative façade configurations. To help address this trade-off, this paper presents a sensitivity analysis evaluating the influence of key input parameter settings, namely ambient bounces and grid size, on the convergence of performance outcomes and on simulation run times. The results provide statistical evidence that, although lower precision settings mostly accelerate calculations, they decrease the accuracy of prediction estimates, particularly for complex façades. Conversely, the relative increased accuracy resulting from higher precision simulations might reach a point where differences have a negligible practical impact. The paper concludes with a range of recommendations to support the early-stage selection of parameter settings and contributes to more robust simulation outcomes towards reducing the gap between simulated and measured data.
{"title":"DAYLIGHTING PERFORMANCE SIMULATION: PREDICTION ACCURACY/PROCESSING SPEED TRADE-OFF","authors":"Sahar Abdelwahab, P. Rutherford, M. Mayhoub","doi":"10.3992/jgb.18.2.133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3992/jgb.18.2.133","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In daylighting performance simulations of façade systems, a trade-off is often required between processing speed and prediction accuracy. This is particularly relevant at design onset, where plausible simulation outcomes are essential to drive decisions between several alternative façade configurations. To help address this trade-off, this paper presents a sensitivity analysis evaluating the influence of key input parameter settings, namely ambient bounces and grid size, on the convergence of performance outcomes and on simulation run times. The results provide statistical evidence that, although lower precision settings mostly accelerate calculations, they decrease the accuracy of prediction estimates, particularly for complex façades. Conversely, the relative increased accuracy resulting from higher precision simulations might reach a point where differences have a negligible practical impact. The paper concludes with a range of recommendations to support the early-stage selection of parameter settings and contributes to more robust simulation outcomes towards reducing the gap between simulated and measured data.","PeriodicalId":51753,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Green Building","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90698106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Green building practices are on the rise, as is research into the drivers of green building adoption and the impacts of green building on occupants. Stakeholder knowledge, organizational culture, and cost have been shown to drive decisions about green building adoption, and occupant outcomes have been studied in terms of behavior and satisfaction. However, there is little consensus about how to communicate green building features to the public—that is, how the drivers for adoption can be communicated to potential building occupants. In science museums, sustainable architecture can support organizational values and initiatives surrounding environmental sustainability, but few studies identify how those values can best be communicated to museum visitors in a green building. To begin to address this question, this research engaged eight LEED-certified museums across the U.S. to examine how the museums leveraged their buildings to educate visitors about green building technologies. Site visit documentation revealed a disparity in interpretation strategies across the museums. Interviews with museum staff illuminated both challenges and opportunities for green building education, where staff decision-making was based on their own understanding of green technologies and perceptions of audience interest, age, and politics. This work highlights the importance of institutional actors in green building messaging, with implications for how public buildings such as museums could operate as sites for green building education.
{"title":"MUSEUM STAFF KNOWLEDGE AND PERCEPTIONS AS DRIVERS FOR GREEN BUILDING EDUCATION IN SCIENCE MUSEUMS","authors":"G. Lindsay, Laura B. Cole","doi":"10.3992/jgb.18.2.113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3992/jgb.18.2.113","url":null,"abstract":"Green building practices are on the rise, as is research into the drivers of green building adoption and the impacts of green building on occupants. Stakeholder knowledge, organizational culture, and cost have been shown to drive decisions about green building adoption, and occupant outcomes have been studied in terms of behavior and satisfaction. However, there is little consensus about how to communicate green building features to the public—that is, how the drivers for adoption can be communicated to potential building occupants. In science museums, sustainable architecture can support organizational values and initiatives surrounding environmental sustainability, but few studies identify how those values can best be communicated to museum visitors in a green building. To begin to address this question, this research engaged eight LEED-certified museums across the U.S. to examine how the museums leveraged their buildings to educate visitors about green building technologies. Site visit documentation revealed a disparity in interpretation strategies across the museums. Interviews with museum staff illuminated both challenges and opportunities for green building education, where staff decision-making was based on their own understanding of green technologies and perceptions of audience interest, age, and politics. This work highlights the importance of institutional actors in green building messaging, with implications for how public buildings such as museums could operate as sites for green building education.","PeriodicalId":51753,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Green Building","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86696596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rebecca Moriarty Davis, R. Valdes-Vasquez, Brian H. Dunbar
Construction project owners worldwide require compliance with the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED®) green building rating system as a means to meet sustainability goals. Despite its popularity, the LEED certification process can still be cumbersome for project teams without clear guidance. This study focuses on a school district in the United States committed to certifying its high volume of new schools. The analysis includes understanding the efficacy of the district’s LEED requirements by comparing them to the final LEED scorecards of 16 completed projects. The results indicate an incompatibility between the owner’s required LEED credit targets and the actual outcomes, confirming that simply requiring LEED certification is insufficient to reach specific sustainability goals. The significance of this study is the identification of four strategies that owners with a high volume of construction projects can use to successfully facilitate and streamline the LEED certification process: (a) develop a targeted LEED scorecard, (b) create LEED documentation templates, (c) integrate LEED into specifications, and (d) align design guidelines with LEED goals.
{"title":"ASSESSING THE APPLICATION OF LEED REQUIREMENTS OF A HIGH-VOLUME PROJECT OWNER IN THE UNITED STATES","authors":"Rebecca Moriarty Davis, R. Valdes-Vasquez, Brian H. Dunbar","doi":"10.3992/jgb.18.2.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3992/jgb.18.2.43","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Construction project owners worldwide require compliance with the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED®) green building rating system as a means to meet sustainability goals. Despite its popularity, the LEED certification process can still be cumbersome for project teams without clear guidance. This study focuses on a school district in the United States committed to certifying its high volume of new schools. The analysis includes understanding the efficacy of the district’s LEED requirements by comparing them to the final LEED scorecards of 16 completed projects. The results indicate an incompatibility between the owner’s required LEED credit targets and the actual outcomes, confirming that simply requiring LEED certification is insufficient to reach specific sustainability goals. The significance of this study is the identification of four strategies that owners with a high volume of construction projects can use to successfully facilitate and streamline the LEED certification process: (a) develop a targeted LEED scorecard, (b) create LEED documentation templates, (c) integrate LEED into specifications, and (d) align design guidelines with LEED goals.","PeriodicalId":51753,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Green Building","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83592415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With the progress of urbanization, most people live in cities and adjacent urban areas. Meanwhile, the transformation and development of cities and their industries leaves behind a large volume of old building blocks and requires renovating some urban spaces. Notably, urban renewal plays an important role in the sustainable development of cities. As a typical task of urban renewal, the renovation of industrial buildings involves the protection of the industrial heritage and the adaptive reuse of the existing building spaces. Yet, the complex nature of district-level industrial building renovation work spells challenges to effective urban renovation and sustainable city renewal. Although a few studies were devoted to the renovation of industrial buildings, very limited research focused on the renovation of existing industrial urban areas. In particular, the cooperation of different work disciplines to orchestrate sustainable district-level industrial building renovation and strategies to facilitate effective administration of such a way of urban renewal remain to be clarified. To close such a gap, this research employs an approach of multi-case study to conceptualize sustainable district-level industrial building renovation. Four case projects from the Big Bay Area cities, including Dongguan, Foshan, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, are investigated and analyzed due to specific local policies of renovation and their rapid urbanization. Based on the knowledge disciplines of urban planning, industrial heritage reservation, and building renovation, a taxonomy framework is introduced, and the relevant sustainable development strategies are identified. The framework demystifies sustainable district-level industrial building renovation regarding the key aspects of sustainable management to achieve sustainable urban renewal and their hierarchical relations and enhances the knowledge body of industrial building renovation by broadening the scope to the urban scale. Furthermore, the proposed strategies can provide practical implications to sustainable urban renewal with industrial building renovation.
{"title":"DEMYSTIFYING SUSTAINABLE DISTRICT-LEVEL INDUSTRIAL BUILDING RENOVATION: A TAXONOMY FRAMEWORK AND THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES","authors":"Xiaozhi Ma, Hongping Yuan, Shudong Zhou, Yong Yu","doi":"10.3992/jgb.18.2.207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3992/jgb.18.2.207","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 With the progress of urbanization, most people live in cities and adjacent urban areas. Meanwhile, the transformation and development of cities and their industries leaves behind a large volume of old building blocks and requires renovating some urban spaces. Notably, urban renewal plays an important role in the sustainable development of cities. As a typical task of urban renewal, the renovation of industrial buildings involves the protection of the industrial heritage and the adaptive reuse of the existing building spaces. Yet, the complex nature of district-level industrial building renovation work spells challenges to effective urban renovation and sustainable city renewal. Although a few studies were devoted to the renovation of industrial buildings, very limited research focused on the renovation of existing industrial urban areas. In particular, the cooperation of different work disciplines to orchestrate sustainable district-level industrial building renovation and strategies to facilitate effective administration of such a way of urban renewal remain to be clarified. To close such a gap, this research employs an approach of multi-case study to conceptualize sustainable district-level industrial building renovation. Four case projects from the Big Bay Area cities, including Dongguan, Foshan, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, are investigated and analyzed due to specific local policies of renovation and their rapid urbanization. Based on the knowledge disciplines of urban planning, industrial heritage reservation, and building renovation, a taxonomy framework is introduced, and the relevant sustainable development strategies are identified. The framework demystifies sustainable district-level industrial building renovation regarding the key aspects of sustainable management to achieve sustainable urban renewal and their hierarchical relations and enhances the knowledge body of industrial building renovation by broadening the scope to the urban scale. Furthermore, the proposed strategies can provide practical implications to sustainable urban renewal with industrial building renovation.","PeriodicalId":51753,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Green Building","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89409514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
(1) Background: An ageing population and two-child policy have led to the transformation of China’s family structure, and multigenerational residences account for an increasing proportion of mainstream family residences. Different generations of residents have great differences in behaviour patterns and health requirements, but existing residential buildings are not especially designed for health needs. (2) Methods: First, based on relevant codes and a questionnaire survey, the spatial needs and behaviour patterns of different generations of residents are obtained, and the benchmark model is established based on the Grasshopper (GH) parametric platform. Then, based on the GH platform and the building simulation plug-in, which are Ladybug Tools and a multiobjective optimization tool named Wallacei, daylight autonomy (DA), useful daylight illuminance (UDI), and the proportion of thermal discomfort hours (PDH) are taken as daylighting and thermal comfort indicators, and the bedroom location, orientation, bay size, depth to bay ratio, window form, window-to-wall ratio, and horizontal shading width are optimized. Finally, the Pareto front is analysed by the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) comprehensive evaluation method, and the optimal solution is compared with existing multigenerational residences in Tianjin. (3) Results: First, the middle room, oriented south or south by east, large bay, small window-to-wall ratio, and bay window can effectively be improved for indoor thermal comfort, while rooms that are oriented south or south by east, small depth bay ratio, large window-to-wall ratio and balcony can effectively be improved for daylighting quality. Second, compared with existing buildings in Tianjin, the DA, UDI, and PDH of the adult bedroom with the ideal solution are increased by 33.7%, 3.5%, and 10.8%, respectively; the DA, UDI, and PDH of the child bedroom with the ideal solution are increased by 15.5%, 4.2%, and 4.9%, respectively; and the DA, UDI, and PDH of the elderly individual bedroom with the ideal solution are increased by 42.7%, 4.9%, and 1.7%, respectively. (4) Conclusions: The optimization scheme is substantially improved for the health of the indoor daylight and thermal environment of existing housing, and it provides a scientific and quantitative decision-making basis for the healthy design of multigenerational residences.
{"title":"MULTIOBJECTIVE OPTIMIZATION OF THE INTERGENERATIONAL RESIDENTIAL SPACE WITH THE GOAL OF DAYLIGHTING AND THERMAL COMFORT","authors":"Jiehui Wang, Juanli Guo","doi":"10.3992/jgb.18.2.225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3992/jgb.18.2.225","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 (1) Background: An ageing population and two-child policy have led to the transformation of China’s family structure, and multigenerational residences account for an increasing proportion of mainstream family residences. Different generations of residents have great differences in behaviour patterns and health requirements, but existing residential buildings are not especially designed for health needs. (2) Methods: First, based on relevant codes and a questionnaire survey, the spatial needs and behaviour patterns of different generations of residents are obtained, and the benchmark model is established based on the Grasshopper (GH) parametric platform. Then, based on the GH platform and the building simulation plug-in, which are Ladybug Tools and a multiobjective optimization tool named Wallacei, daylight autonomy (DA), useful daylight illuminance (UDI), and the proportion of thermal discomfort hours (PDH) are taken as daylighting and thermal comfort indicators, and the bedroom location, orientation, bay size, depth to bay ratio, window form, window-to-wall ratio, and horizontal shading width are optimized. Finally, the Pareto front is analysed by the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) comprehensive evaluation method, and the optimal solution is compared with existing multigenerational residences in Tianjin. (3) Results: First, the middle room, oriented south or south by east, large bay, small window-to-wall ratio, and bay window can effectively be improved for indoor thermal comfort, while rooms that are oriented south or south by east, small depth bay ratio, large window-to-wall ratio and balcony can effectively be improved for daylighting quality. Second, compared with existing buildings in Tianjin, the DA, UDI, and PDH of the adult bedroom with the ideal solution are increased by 33.7%, 3.5%, and 10.8%, respectively; the DA, UDI, and PDH of the child bedroom with the ideal solution are increased by 15.5%, 4.2%, and 4.9%, respectively; and the DA, UDI, and PDH of the elderly individual bedroom with the ideal solution are increased by 42.7%, 4.9%, and 1.7%, respectively. (4) Conclusions: The optimization scheme is substantially improved for the health of the indoor daylight and thermal environment of existing housing, and it provides a scientific and quantitative decision-making basis for the healthy design of multigenerational residences.","PeriodicalId":51753,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Green Building","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90628747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The quality of the indoor environment, including the lighting conditions, is crucial in classrooms as it directly affects students’ learning performance and productivity. Natural light is the best light source for visual comfort, aesthetics, and energy efficiency. Malaysia is in a tropical region and has abundant daylight availability that could meet the required lighting during the day. However, in Malaysian schools, electric lights are frequently switched on during classes in the daytime; hence, daylighting is not efficiently utilised. This study investigates the daylighting performance in classrooms in a national high school in Penang, Malaysia. Fieldwork was conducted by measuring incident illumination levels inside selected classrooms in the Teluk Kumbar High School. The results show that average illumination levels were between 400 lux to 1000 lux, more than enough in most classrooms because of the relatively large windows with clear glass. The average daylight ratios recorded in the classrooms were between 6.4 and 9.2%, which may result in glare problems. Simulations were conducted using Design-Builder to further evaluate the annual daylighting performance including Daylight Autonomy (DA), Annual Sun Exposure (ASE) and Useful Daylight Illuminance (UDI). Based on the findings, it is recommended to use shading devices or replace the glazing type to improve daylighting performance for visual comfort. Proper design and selection of windows in schools can significantly improve indoor lighting quality for students and reduce solar heat gain.
{"title":"DAYLIGHTING PERFORMANCE OF HIGH SCHOOL LEARNING ENVIRONMENT IN TROPICS","authors":"N. T. Al-Ashwal, A. Hassan, Y. Lim","doi":"10.3992/jgb.18.2.191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3992/jgb.18.2.191","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The quality of the indoor environment, including the lighting conditions, is crucial in classrooms as it directly affects students’ learning performance and productivity. Natural light is the best light source for visual comfort, aesthetics, and energy efficiency. Malaysia is in a tropical region and has abundant daylight availability that could meet the required lighting during the day. However, in Malaysian schools, electric lights are frequently switched on during classes in the daytime; hence, daylighting is not efficiently utilised. This study investigates the daylighting performance in classrooms in a national high school in Penang, Malaysia. Fieldwork was conducted by measuring incident illumination levels inside selected classrooms in the Teluk Kumbar High School. The results show that average illumination levels were between 400 lux to 1000 lux, more than enough in most classrooms because of the relatively large windows with clear glass. The average daylight ratios recorded in the classrooms were between 6.4 and 9.2%, which may result in glare problems. Simulations were conducted using Design-Builder to further evaluate the annual daylighting performance including Daylight Autonomy (DA), Annual Sun Exposure (ASE) and Useful Daylight Illuminance (UDI). Based on the findings, it is recommended to use shading devices or replace the glazing type to improve daylighting performance for visual comfort. Proper design and selection of windows in schools can significantly improve indoor lighting quality for students and reduce solar heat gain.","PeriodicalId":51753,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Green Building","volume":"139 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82145051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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