First published just over three decades ago, Teresia Teaiwa’s “Microwomen: US Colonialism and Micronesian Women Activists” calls attention to the absence of Micronesian women in academic histories. The paper came out of a Pacific History Association conference panel aimed at amplifying the voices of women in histories of Micronesia, which, Teaiwa argued, remained “deafeningly silent on women” (1992, 126). While progress has been made in the thirty years since, Micronesian women remain underrepresented in academic histories. Using Marshallese oral traditions as a guide, this article argues that re-centering women in histories of Micronesia remains essential to the decolonization of Pacific Islands history, not only for the sake of representation but also as a necessary step in the ongoing development of historical methods more reflective of Indigenous historicities.
{"title":"Marshallese Women and Oral Traditions: Navigating a Future for Pacific History","authors":"Monica C. Labriola","doi":"10.1353/cp.2023.a903685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cp.2023.a903685","url":null,"abstract":"First published just over three decades ago, Teresia Teaiwa’s “Microwomen: US Colonialism and Micronesian Women Activists” calls attention to the absence of Micronesian women in academic histories. The paper came out of a Pacific History Association conference panel aimed at amplifying the voices of women in histories of Micronesia, which, Teaiwa argued, remained “deafeningly silent on women” (1992, 126). While progress has been made in the thirty years since, Micronesian women remain underrepresented in academic histories. Using Marshallese oral traditions as a guide, this article argues that re-centering women in histories of Micronesia remains essential to the decolonization of Pacific Islands history, not only for the sake of representation but also as a necessary step in the ongoing development of historical methods more reflective of Indigenous historicities.","PeriodicalId":51783,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Pacific","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44991329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cruise ship tourism is a major player in the international tourism industry. This article examines the sociocultural ramifications of large-scale cruise ship tourism in the context of the Trobriand Islands, where unequal access to both the benefits and problematic aspects of this kind of tourism have implications for the reciprocal relations that are embedded in Trobriand society. It considers the “wicked problems” inherent in the discourses and practice of tourism as development, addressing the paradoxes and complexities that arise, especially where inequalities (between Trobriand Islanders and visitors and among Trobrianders from across the archipelago) are most apparent and difficult to resolve.
{"title":"“It Will Be Like a Town Here, Things Are Really Coming Up!”: Inequality in Village-Based Cruise Ship Tourism in the Trobriand Islands","authors":"M. MacCarthy","doi":"10.1353/cp.2023.a903686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cp.2023.a903686","url":null,"abstract":"Cruise ship tourism is a major player in the international tourism industry. This article examines the sociocultural ramifications of large-scale cruise ship tourism in the context of the Trobriand Islands, where unequal access to both the benefits and problematic aspects of this kind of tourism have implications for the reciprocal relations that are embedded in Trobriand society. It considers the “wicked problems” inherent in the discourses and practice of tourism as development, addressing the paradoxes and complexities that arise, especially where inequalities (between Trobriand Islanders and visitors and among Trobrianders from across the archipelago) are most apparent and difficult to resolve.","PeriodicalId":51783,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Pacific","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48196190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In response to climate change’s devastating impacts on Pacific nations such as Fiji, climate finance—that is, the flow of public and private funds toward climate-aligned investment—has been presented as a promising solution. However, climate finance has had mixed results in delivering positive climate-aligned development benefits. In this article, we explore the climate finance governance around Fiji’s energy sector using postcolonial analytical tools, which allow us to explore some of the asymmetries playing out in climate finance and offer some alternatives. We argue that climate finance dysfunction is, in part, derived from the application of hegemonic knowledges in climate finance governance, and we aim to deconstruct these knowledge practices and subsequently, through the analysis of empirical, ethnographic data, to reconstruct governance alternatives that provide for epistemic inclusivity. This article demonstrates how Indigenous approaches such as talanoa and ‘iluvatu can facilitate recognition of governance innovation, and, in doing so, it considers the potential of cognitive justice, which calls for epistemic inclusivity, within the context of climate finance governance. The article concludes that including cognitive justice in climate finance governance can indeed promote better climate-aligned development benefits in Fiji and beyond.
{"title":"Toward Cognitive Justice: Reconstructions of Climate Finance Governance in Fiji","authors":"K. Anantharajah, Sereima Naisilisili","doi":"10.1353/cp.2023.a903684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cp.2023.a903684","url":null,"abstract":"In response to climate change’s devastating impacts on Pacific nations such as Fiji, climate finance—that is, the flow of public and private funds toward climate-aligned investment—has been presented as a promising solution. However, climate finance has had mixed results in delivering positive climate-aligned development benefits. In this article, we explore the climate finance governance around Fiji’s energy sector using postcolonial analytical tools, which allow us to explore some of the asymmetries playing out in climate finance and offer some alternatives. We argue that climate finance dysfunction is, in part, derived from the application of hegemonic knowledges in climate finance governance, and we aim to deconstruct these knowledge practices and subsequently, through the analysis of empirical, ethnographic data, to reconstruct governance alternatives that provide for epistemic inclusivity. This article demonstrates how Indigenous approaches such as talanoa and ‘iluvatu can facilitate recognition of governance innovation, and, in doing so, it considers the potential of cognitive justice, which calls for epistemic inclusivity, within the context of climate finance governance. The article concludes that including cognitive justice in climate finance governance can indeed promote better climate-aligned development benefits in Fiji and beyond.","PeriodicalId":51783,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Pacific","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41923737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:In this article, we deploy two theoretical concepts—settler-colonial citizenship and transnational identities—to explore the complex facets of what we term "contemporary Moana mobilities." Drawing on the Samoan methodology su'ifefiloi, which embraces Pacific forms of storytelling as sites of knowledge production, we provide three first-person vignettes that recount the experiences of a Samoan New Zealander living in South Korea to frame settler-colonial citizenship as an intergenerational symbolic and legal privilege afforded to migrants and their descendants who settle in settler-colonial states. Further, we argue that this opens additional multinational mobility pathways into other countries for children of diasporic Pacific communities within settler colonies like New Zealand, which remain blocked off to our communities and families who reside on island. Given this, we also propose that the identities of upwardly mobile transnational Pacific Islanders are constituted through simultaneous embeddedness in the racial hierarchies of multiple nation-states and are performed for specific audiences in specific national contexts, which then shape the character and politics of these complex identity expressions. Ultimately, we gesture to the importance of better understanding the conditions and consequences of empire and settler-colonial citizenship as global processes—and how this is reshaping the landscape of contemporary Moana mobilities.
{"title":"Contemporary Moana Mobilities: Settler-Colonial Citizenship, Upward Mobility, and Transnational Pacific Identities","authors":"P. Thomsen, Lana Lopesi, K. Lee","doi":"10.1353/cp.2022.0055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cp.2022.0055","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:In this article, we deploy two theoretical concepts—settler-colonial citizenship and transnational identities—to explore the complex facets of what we term \"contemporary Moana mobilities.\" Drawing on the Samoan methodology su'ifefiloi, which embraces Pacific forms of storytelling as sites of knowledge production, we provide three first-person vignettes that recount the experiences of a Samoan New Zealander living in South Korea to frame settler-colonial citizenship as an intergenerational symbolic and legal privilege afforded to migrants and their descendants who settle in settler-colonial states. Further, we argue that this opens additional multinational mobility pathways into other countries for children of diasporic Pacific communities within settler colonies like New Zealand, which remain blocked off to our communities and families who reside on island. Given this, we also propose that the identities of upwardly mobile transnational Pacific Islanders are constituted through simultaneous embeddedness in the racial hierarchies of multiple nation-states and are performed for specific audiences in specific national contexts, which then shape the character and politics of these complex identity expressions. Ultimately, we gesture to the importance of better understanding the conditions and consequences of empire and settler-colonial citizenship as global processes—and how this is reshaping the landscape of contemporary Moana mobilities.","PeriodicalId":51783,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Pacific","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46664649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:On Waikīkī Beach stand four large stones known as Kapaemahu (the row of mahu), which according to a traditional moolelo carry the living spirits of four individuals of dual male and female spirit who brought healing arts from Tahiti to Hawai'i. Although the stones have survived for centuries, they have often been mistreated, and their story has been altered to suppress the respected role of mahu. In this paper, we examine the history of the stones and their moolelo in the context of concurrent social, political, religious, and cultural developments in Hawai'i, including modern controversies over gender and sexuality. We also describe our own attempt to convey and transmit the moolelo of Kapaemahu through an animated film narrated in Olelo Ni'ihau. This type of multifactorial cultural and historical analysis is important for understanding the beliefs and values expressed by traditional moolelo, and it helps guide their future transmission and dissemination in a manner that reflects the concept of ea o moolelo, or story sovereignty: the intrinsic right of a story to its own unique contents, style, and purpose.
摘要：在Waikīkī海滩上矗立着四块被称为Kapaemahu（一排mahu）的大石头，根据传统的moolelo，这四块石头承载着四个男性和女性双重精神个体的生活精神，他们将治疗艺术从大溪地带到了夏威夷。尽管这些石头已经保存了几个世纪，但它们经常受到虐待，它们的故事也被篡改，以压制受人尊敬的马胡角色。在这篇论文中，我们在夏威夷同时发生的社会、政治、宗教和文化发展的背景下，包括关于性别和性的现代争议，研究了这些石头及其moolelo的历史。我们还描述了我们自己试图通过一部用Olelo Ni'ihau讲述的动画电影来传达和传递Kapaemahu的moolelo。这种类型的多因素文化和历史分析对于理解传统moolelo所表达的信仰和价值观很重要，它有助于指导它们未来的传播和传播，以反映ea o moolelo或故事主权的概念：故事对其独特内容、风格和目的的内在权利。
{"title":"Kapaemahu: Toward Story Sovereignty of a Hawaiian Tradition of Healing and Gender Diversity","authors":"D. Hamer, Hinaleimoana Wong-Kalu","doi":"10.1353/cp.2022.0046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cp.2022.0046","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:On Waikīkī Beach stand four large stones known as Kapaemahu (the row of mahu), which according to a traditional moolelo carry the living spirits of four individuals of dual male and female spirit who brought healing arts from Tahiti to Hawai'i. Although the stones have survived for centuries, they have often been mistreated, and their story has been altered to suppress the respected role of mahu. In this paper, we examine the history of the stones and their moolelo in the context of concurrent social, political, religious, and cultural developments in Hawai'i, including modern controversies over gender and sexuality. We also describe our own attempt to convey and transmit the moolelo of Kapaemahu through an animated film narrated in Olelo Ni'ihau. This type of multifactorial cultural and historical analysis is important for understanding the beliefs and values expressed by traditional moolelo, and it helps guide their future transmission and dissemination in a manner that reflects the concept of ea o moolelo, or story sovereignty: the intrinsic right of a story to its own unique contents, style, and purpose.","PeriodicalId":51783,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Pacific","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41397962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:Katupela guguya, or "exchange of sermons," is a current practice in the Trobriand Islands in which whole villages visit close or distant communities to give prayers on a set date. The Word of God is gifted by visiting parties who preach for their hosts; hosts will later reciprocate, offering other Bible passages when they visit their current guests' village. Modeled partly on the familiar patterns of circulation of the Kula exchange, katupela guguya also entails more material exchanges, including, on some occasions, Kula valuables. The reification of Christian cultural elements not only facilitates their circulation in exchange circuits; it also helps define these circuits, investing them with new meanings. This increased mobility (of things and ideas) has been capitalized on by some individuals to posit a coherent continuity between traditional magic practices and present-day understandings of Christianity. The exchange of sermons offers original insights on how people conceptualize and negotiate social change in the Massim cultural region (Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea) to which the Trobriand Islands belong.
{"title":"The Kula of the Gospels: Christianity, Magic, and Exchange in the Trobriand Islands","authors":"Sergio Jarillo","doi":"10.1353/cp.2022.0059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cp.2022.0059","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Katupela guguya, or \"exchange of sermons,\" is a current practice in the Trobriand Islands in which whole villages visit close or distant communities to give prayers on a set date. The Word of God is gifted by visiting parties who preach for their hosts; hosts will later reciprocate, offering other Bible passages when they visit their current guests' village. Modeled partly on the familiar patterns of circulation of the Kula exchange, katupela guguya also entails more material exchanges, including, on some occasions, Kula valuables. The reification of Christian cultural elements not only facilitates their circulation in exchange circuits; it also helps define these circuits, investing them with new meanings. This increased mobility (of things and ideas) has been capitalized on by some individuals to posit a coherent continuity between traditional magic practices and present-day understandings of Christianity. The exchange of sermons offers original insights on how people conceptualize and negotiate social change in the Massim cultural region (Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea) to which the Trobriand Islands belong.","PeriodicalId":51783,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Pacific","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48204216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuki Kihara is a globally accomplished, award-winning interdisciplinary Pacific artist, researcher, and curator. She is of Samoan and Japanese heritage and identifies as Fa‘afafine, a third gender meaning “in the manner of a woman.” Her pathbreaking works exist at the critical intersections of gender, indigeneity, history, diaspora, decolonization, and the environment. Kihara studied fashion design and technology at Wellington Polytechnic (now Massey University) in Aotearoa New Zealand, where she later worked as a costume designer and stylist in fashion magazines, the performing arts, and the film industry before forging a distinct career as a contemporary artist, bringing her industry experience into her art practice. Kihara’s career took off following her 2000 exhibition Teuanoa‘i: Adorn to Excess. She continued her practice in performance art and lens-based media, developing a series of works including Black Sunday (2002), Faleaitu: House of Spirits (2003), Vavau: Tales of Ancient Sāmoa (2004), and Fa‘a fafine: In the Manner of a Woman (2005), all of which were featured in a survey exhibition entitled Living Photographs presented at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York in 2008. In 2004, Kihara began performing Salomé, a ghostly historical character in black Victorian PHOTO BY LUKE WALKER
木原由纪是一位享誉全球、屡获殊荣的跨领域艺术家、研究者和策展人。她有萨摩亚和日本血统，被认为是Fa 'afafine，第三性别，意思是“以女人的方式”。她的开创性作品存在于性别、土著、历史、散居、非殖民化和环境的关键交叉点。木原在新西兰奥特罗阿的惠灵顿理工学院(现在的梅西大学)学习时装设计和技术，后来在时尚杂志、表演艺术和电影行业担任服装设计师和造型师，之后成为一名当代艺术家，将她的行业经验带入她的艺术实践。木原的事业在2000年的展览Teuanoa 'i之后开始起飞:过度的装饰。她继续在行为艺术和镜头媒体方面的实践，创作了一系列作品，包括《黑色星期日》(2002)、《faleaiitu: House of Spirits》(2003)、《Vavau: Tales of Ancient Sāmoa》(2004)和《Fa’a fafine: in the Manner of a Woman》(2005)，所有这些作品都参加了2008年在纽约大都会艺术博物馆举办的“生活照片”调查展览。2004年，木原开始扮演一个幽灵般的历史人物salom，这是一个维多利亚时代的黑色人物
{"title":"About the Artist: Yuki Kihara","authors":"K. Teaiwa, Ioana Gordon-Smith","doi":"10.1353/cp.2022.0047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cp.2022.0047","url":null,"abstract":"Yuki Kihara is a globally accomplished, award-winning interdisciplinary Pacific artist, researcher, and curator. She is of Samoan and Japanese heritage and identifies as Fa‘afafine, a third gender meaning “in the manner of a woman.” Her pathbreaking works exist at the critical intersections of gender, indigeneity, history, diaspora, decolonization, and the environment. Kihara studied fashion design and technology at Wellington Polytechnic (now Massey University) in Aotearoa New Zealand, where she later worked as a costume designer and stylist in fashion magazines, the performing arts, and the film industry before forging a distinct career as a contemporary artist, bringing her industry experience into her art practice. Kihara’s career took off following her 2000 exhibition Teuanoa‘i: Adorn to Excess. She continued her practice in performance art and lens-based media, developing a series of works including Black Sunday (2002), Faleaitu: House of Spirits (2003), Vavau: Tales of Ancient Sāmoa (2004), and Fa‘a fafine: In the Manner of a Woman (2005), all of which were featured in a survey exhibition entitled Living Photographs presented at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York in 2008. In 2004, Kihara began performing Salomé, a ghostly historical character in black Victorian PHOTO BY LUKE WALKER","PeriodicalId":51783,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Pacific","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43040094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:Corruption is deeply entrenched in Papua New Guinea (PNG)'s administrative and political systems. However, despite a litany of studies on mainstream institutional causes of corruption in PNG, there has been little focus on the role of PNG's strong social networks and reciprocity systems in embedding corruption within state institutions. Through a review of literature pertaining to patron-client politics and corruption, I argue that PNG's informal systems of reciprocity, the wantok and big man systems, have systematically exacerbated corruption through practices of patron-client politics.
{"title":"Toward an Understanding of Patron-Client Politics and Corruption in Papua New Guinea: A Narrative Review","authors":"T. Winn","doi":"10.1353/cp.2022.0062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/cp.2022.0062","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Corruption is deeply entrenched in Papua New Guinea (PNG)'s administrative and political systems. However, despite a litany of studies on mainstream institutional causes of corruption in PNG, there has been little focus on the role of PNG's strong social networks and reciprocity systems in embedding corruption within state institutions. Through a review of literature pertaining to patron-client politics and corruption, I argue that PNG's informal systems of reciprocity, the wantok and big man systems, have systematically exacerbated corruption through practices of patron-client politics.","PeriodicalId":51783,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Pacific","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46580466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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