Pub Date : 2020-07-02DOI: 10.1080/21580103.2020.1786470
M. Azad, M. Kamruzzaman, S. K. Paul, M. Kanzaki
Abstract The study of vegetative and reproductive phenology through litterfall collection of mangrove species is vital for mangrove management and restoration in climate change situation. This study was carried out to investigate vegetative and reproductive phenological pattern of Heritiera fomes using litterfall data in the Sundarbans, Bangladesh for a period of 24 months. Leaf and stipule litterfall released throughout the year with a distinct periodic pattern. Vegetative litterfall (981.9–1211.3 g/sq m/yr) contributed 59.3% of total litterfall (1791.1–1907.3 g/m/yr). The order of vegetative litterfall was leaf > branch > stipule. Peak flowering and mature fruit litterfall were noticed in April (1.52 times of mean monthly flower production) and July (1.56 times of mean monthly production), respectively. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed significant difference (p < 0.05) among monthly litterfall productions, whereas t-test showed no significant difference (p > 0.05) of litterfall production between two successive years during study periods. Vegetative and flower litterfall were significantly influenced by maximum wind speed, mean monthly temperature and day length. On the contrary, mature fruits were significantly correlated with rainfall.
{"title":"Litterfall release, vegetative, and reproductive phenology investigation of Heritiera fomes Buch-Ham in the Sundarbans mangrove forests, Bangladesh: relationship with environmental variables","authors":"M. Azad, M. Kamruzzaman, S. K. Paul, M. Kanzaki","doi":"10.1080/21580103.2020.1786470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21580103.2020.1786470","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The study of vegetative and reproductive phenology through litterfall collection of mangrove species is vital for mangrove management and restoration in climate change situation. This study was carried out to investigate vegetative and reproductive phenological pattern of Heritiera fomes using litterfall data in the Sundarbans, Bangladesh for a period of 24 months. Leaf and stipule litterfall released throughout the year with a distinct periodic pattern. Vegetative litterfall (981.9–1211.3 g/sq m/yr) contributed 59.3% of total litterfall (1791.1–1907.3 g/m/yr). The order of vegetative litterfall was leaf > branch > stipule. Peak flowering and mature fruit litterfall were noticed in April (1.52 times of mean monthly flower production) and July (1.56 times of mean monthly production), respectively. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed significant difference (p < 0.05) among monthly litterfall productions, whereas t-test showed no significant difference (p > 0.05) of litterfall production between two successive years during study periods. Vegetative and flower litterfall were significantly influenced by maximum wind speed, mean monthly temperature and day length. On the contrary, mature fruits were significantly correlated with rainfall.","PeriodicalId":51802,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science and Technology","volume":"4 1","pages":"105 - 115"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78322679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-02DOI: 10.1080/21580103.2020.1801524
N. Lee, Sang-A Lee, Min-Jeong Kang, Hye-Joon Joo, Ji-Ah Kim, E. Park
Abstract Kalopanax septemlobus is a deciduous medicinal tree species belonging to the family Araliaceae. It contains a number of triterpenoid saponins primarily constituted of hederagenin aglycones. Here, we presented de novo comparative transcriptome analysis using 454 pyrosequencing technology between embryogenic (EC) and nonembryogenic callus (NEC) of K. septemlobus. A total of 372,229 high-quality reads were generated by combining 168,065 EC reads and 204,164 NEC reads, which were then assembled into 80,280 and 63,128 unigenes, respectively. A comparative analysis of transcription profiles showed that 13,766 genes were differentially expressed between EC and NEC. Moreover, functional enrichment analysis revealed that a number of genes involved in the proteolysis and embryogenesis were highly expressed in EC, whereas oxidative stress-responsible genes were overpresented in NEC. Interestingly, the expression levels of genes involved in saponin biosynthesis, such as squalene epoxidase, cytochrome P450s, and glycosyl transferase, were also higher in NEC than in EC, suggesting that their expression is stress-inducible. In this study, we characterized the K. septemlobus transcriptome profiles involved in somatic embryogenesis (SE), which might enhance knowledge of SE process and provide a useful molecular resource for further study of K. septemlobus.
{"title":"Comparative transcriptome analysis between embryogenic and nonembryogenic callus of Kalopanax septemlobus","authors":"N. Lee, Sang-A Lee, Min-Jeong Kang, Hye-Joon Joo, Ji-Ah Kim, E. Park","doi":"10.1080/21580103.2020.1801524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21580103.2020.1801524","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Kalopanax septemlobus is a deciduous medicinal tree species belonging to the family Araliaceae. It contains a number of triterpenoid saponins primarily constituted of hederagenin aglycones. Here, we presented de novo comparative transcriptome analysis using 454 pyrosequencing technology between embryogenic (EC) and nonembryogenic callus (NEC) of K. septemlobus. A total of 372,229 high-quality reads were generated by combining 168,065 EC reads and 204,164 NEC reads, which were then assembled into 80,280 and 63,128 unigenes, respectively. A comparative analysis of transcription profiles showed that 13,766 genes were differentially expressed between EC and NEC. Moreover, functional enrichment analysis revealed that a number of genes involved in the proteolysis and embryogenesis were highly expressed in EC, whereas oxidative stress-responsible genes were overpresented in NEC. Interestingly, the expression levels of genes involved in saponin biosynthesis, such as squalene epoxidase, cytochrome P450s, and glycosyl transferase, were also higher in NEC than in EC, suggesting that their expression is stress-inducible. In this study, we characterized the K. septemlobus transcriptome profiles involved in somatic embryogenesis (SE), which might enhance knowledge of SE process and provide a useful molecular resource for further study of K. septemlobus.","PeriodicalId":51802,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science and Technology","volume":"22 1","pages":"145 - 153"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87603233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-02DOI: 10.1080/21580103.2020.1791260
Amsalu Nigatu, M. Wondie, A. Alemu, Dagnachew Gebeyehu, Hiwot Workagegnehu
Abstract Highland bamboo as part of Agroforestry practice is planted and managed by farmers in various plantation niches. However, the planation niches which are types of management on the productivity of bamboo is not yet understood. The research evaluates the impact of plantation niches on the productivity of highland bamboo in potential bamboo growing areas of West Amhara, Ethiopia. Farta, Banja, Dega Damot, and Sinan districts were selected for the study to represent potential highland bamboo growing areas in West Amhara. In each district, three kebeles (smaller administrative units in Ethiopia) were also selected based on their resource status and prevalence growing niches. Finally, a total of 324 sample plots were randomly selected over study areas for data collection. The Productivity and basal area of the bamboo stand were estimated by using DBH of the culm. Whereas the volume of bamboo stands was estimated using DBH, the height of culm breast, and total culm size. The diameter distribution of bamboo culms along plantation niches shows positively skewed between 4 and 8 cm ranges. The standing stock of culm ranges from 19,188 ± 336 culms ha−1 to 23,129 ± 390 culms ha−1 in woodlot and riverbank niches, respectively. The biomass storage capacity of highland bamboo varies from 92.2 ± 4.2 ton ha−1 to 118.6 ± 4.2 ton ha−1 total dry weight (TDW) from the roadside to riverbank plantation niches. Generally bamboo has a higher potential of accumulating huge dry weight, which is a good indicator of its potential for carbon sequestration and environmental protection. Therefore, it needs great attention from respective stakeholders to get twin benefits of bamboo as production and climate change mitigation.
高原竹作为农林业实践的一部分，由农民在不同的种植生态位种植和管理。然而，作为竹林生产力管理类型的林分生态位尚不清楚。本研究评估了埃塞俄比亚西阿姆哈拉潜在竹种植区人工林生态位对高原竹生产力的影响。研究选择了Farta、Banja、Dega Damot和Sinan地区作为西阿姆哈拉潜在的高地竹子种植区。在每个地区，还根据其资源状况和流行的生长利基选择了三个kebeles(埃塞俄比亚较小的行政单位)。最后，在研究区随机抽取324个样地进行数据收集。利用竹竿胸径估算了竹林的生产力和基材面积。而竹林的体积则是通过胸径、竿胸高和总竿长来估算的。竹竿直径沿人工林生态位分布在4 ~ 8 cm范围内呈正偏态。林地和河岸生态位的枯木存量分别为19,188±336 ~ 23,129±390。旱地竹林生态位的总干重(TDW)变化范围为92.2±4.2 ~ 118.6±4.2 t ha - 1。一般来说，竹子具有较高的干重积累潜力，这是其固碳和环保潜力的一个很好的指标。因此，需要相关利益相关者的高度关注，以获得竹子作为生产和减缓气候变化的双重效益。
{"title":"Productivity of highland bamboo (Yushania alpina) across different plantation niches in West Amhara, Ethiopia","authors":"Amsalu Nigatu, M. Wondie, A. Alemu, Dagnachew Gebeyehu, Hiwot Workagegnehu","doi":"10.1080/21580103.2020.1791260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21580103.2020.1791260","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Highland bamboo as part of Agroforestry practice is planted and managed by farmers in various plantation niches. However, the planation niches which are types of management on the productivity of bamboo is not yet understood. The research evaluates the impact of plantation niches on the productivity of highland bamboo in potential bamboo growing areas of West Amhara, Ethiopia. Farta, Banja, Dega Damot, and Sinan districts were selected for the study to represent potential highland bamboo growing areas in West Amhara. In each district, three kebeles (smaller administrative units in Ethiopia) were also selected based on their resource status and prevalence growing niches. Finally, a total of 324 sample plots were randomly selected over study areas for data collection. The Productivity and basal area of the bamboo stand were estimated by using DBH of the culm. Whereas the volume of bamboo stands was estimated using DBH, the height of culm breast, and total culm size. The diameter distribution of bamboo culms along plantation niches shows positively skewed between 4 and 8 cm ranges. The standing stock of culm ranges from 19,188 ± 336 culms ha−1 to 23,129 ± 390 culms ha−1 in woodlot and riverbank niches, respectively. The biomass storage capacity of highland bamboo varies from 92.2 ± 4.2 ton ha−1 to 118.6 ± 4.2 ton ha−1 total dry weight (TDW) from the roadside to riverbank plantation niches. Generally bamboo has a higher potential of accumulating huge dry weight, which is a good indicator of its potential for carbon sequestration and environmental protection. Therefore, it needs great attention from respective stakeholders to get twin benefits of bamboo as production and climate change mitigation.","PeriodicalId":51802,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science and Technology","volume":"108 1","pages":"116 - 122"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87645400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-02DOI: 10.1080/21580103.2020.1796830
B. Tseveen, E. Natsagdorj, A. Balgan, T. Renchin, B. Norovsuren, Z. Mart
Abstract Forests in Mongolia yield low productivity and are vulnerable to disturbances from drought, fire, pests, and illegal logging. Such forests can quickly lose their ecological balance. Logging activities in these areas are limited in monitoring and controls. This study assesses two different logging operations for their natural regeneration capacity by comparing the composition of the soil, soil organisms, physical and chemical properties, and forest cover change after the completion of logging operations. The logging operations were analyzed in two different regions, the Khartsai and Tariakhtai threshold in Selenge soum, Bulgan province. A skyline logging operation was undertaken on Khartsai threshold in 1983 and a tractor logging operation (clear-cutting) on Tariakhtai threshold in 1987. After the completion of the logging, the forests were naturally regenerated. In 2002, soil samples were collected and soil organisms and physical and chemical properties were examined. Satellites images were also used to evaluate forest cover changes after the end of the logging operations. Significant differences in the naturally regenerated tree species in the skyline logging, tractor logging, and natural forest areas were observed. Average tree ring growth was 0.9 mm in the skyline logging site, 0.6 mm in the tractor logging site, and 1.2 mm in the natural forest. Based on forest cover changes observed in satellite images, the density of naturally regenerated tree species in the natural forest area was higher than that in the skyline logging area. In contrast, the latter recorded a higher density than that in the tractor logging area. Therefore, processing of satellite images of forest cover changes with high-resolution data provides valuable information for the local forest community and helps decision-makers in their further actions.
{"title":"Impact of logging operations on forest ecosystem in the Khantai mountain region and forest cover mapping","authors":"B. Tseveen, E. Natsagdorj, A. Balgan, T. Renchin, B. Norovsuren, Z. Mart","doi":"10.1080/21580103.2020.1796830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21580103.2020.1796830","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Forests in Mongolia yield low productivity and are vulnerable to disturbances from drought, fire, pests, and illegal logging. Such forests can quickly lose their ecological balance. Logging activities in these areas are limited in monitoring and controls. This study assesses two different logging operations for their natural regeneration capacity by comparing the composition of the soil, soil organisms, physical and chemical properties, and forest cover change after the completion of logging operations. The logging operations were analyzed in two different regions, the Khartsai and Tariakhtai threshold in Selenge soum, Bulgan province. A skyline logging operation was undertaken on Khartsai threshold in 1983 and a tractor logging operation (clear-cutting) on Tariakhtai threshold in 1987. After the completion of the logging, the forests were naturally regenerated. In 2002, soil samples were collected and soil organisms and physical and chemical properties were examined. Satellites images were also used to evaluate forest cover changes after the end of the logging operations. Significant differences in the naturally regenerated tree species in the skyline logging, tractor logging, and natural forest areas were observed. Average tree ring growth was 0.9 mm in the skyline logging site, 0.6 mm in the tractor logging site, and 1.2 mm in the natural forest. Based on forest cover changes observed in satellite images, the density of naturally regenerated tree species in the natural forest area was higher than that in the skyline logging area. In contrast, the latter recorded a higher density than that in the tractor logging area. Therefore, processing of satellite images of forest cover changes with high-resolution data provides valuable information for the local forest community and helps decision-makers in their further actions.","PeriodicalId":51802,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science and Technology","volume":"23 1","pages":"123 - 133"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74882390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-02DOI: 10.1080/21580103.2020.1801526
A. Martínez-Domínguez, F. Ruiz-Aquino, Wenceslao Santiago-García, P. Antúnez, M. A. López-López, César Valenzuela-Encinas, R. Feria-Reyes
Abstract The estimation of tree biomass serves as a parameter of forest productivity; in addition, it is a method to estimate carbon fixation and storage. Studies on total biomass that include the belowground component for the Pinus genus are scarce in Mexico due to the difficulty and high costs for its quantification. In this study, allometric models were fitted to estimate the total biomass of Pinus patula Schiede ex Schltdl. & Cham., from the pine-oak forest of Ixtlán de Juárez, Oaxaca, for which a destructive analysis was made of 25 trees distributed in five diameter classes, classifying the biomass by components (root, stem, branches and foliage). With the component biomass data, different models were fitted by nonlinear regression techniques, using the diameter at breast height (D, cm) and the total height (TH, m) as independent variables. The model with the best fit was an exponential type In this study, it was observed that the studied species stores 22.62% of the biomass in the root, 69.61% in the stem, 5.67% in the branches and 2.11%, in the foliage. The models proposed in this study allow the estimation of total biomass and by structural component independently and additively. Its use is recommended in trees of P. patula, in the range of 5 to 25 cm of diameter at breast height, in forests with similar growing conditions.
摘要树木生物量的估算是森林生产力的一个参数;此外，它也是估算碳固定和碳储量的一种方法。在墨西哥，对包括地下成分在内的松属总生物量的研究很少，因为其量化困难且成本高。本研究采用异速生长模型对松林总生物量进行了估算。&可汗。研究人员对瓦哈卡州Ixtlán de Juárez松栎林的25棵树进行了破坏性分析，这些树分布在5个直径级，并根据组成部分(根、茎、枝和叶)对生物量进行了分类。利用各组分生物量数据，以胸径(D, cm)和总高度(TH, m)为自变量，采用非线性回归技术拟合不同模型。在本研究中，观察到所研究物种的生物量在根中占22.62%，在茎中占69.61%，在枝中占5.67%，在叶中占2.11%。本研究中提出的模型可以独立和加性地估计总生物量和结构成分。推荐在胸高直径为5至25厘米的patula树木中使用，在生长条件相似的森林中使用。
{"title":"Allometric equations to estimate aboveground and belowground biomass of Pinus patula Schiede ex Schltdl. & Cham","authors":"A. Martínez-Domínguez, F. Ruiz-Aquino, Wenceslao Santiago-García, P. Antúnez, M. A. López-López, César Valenzuela-Encinas, R. Feria-Reyes","doi":"10.1080/21580103.2020.1801526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21580103.2020.1801526","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The estimation of tree biomass serves as a parameter of forest productivity; in addition, it is a method to estimate carbon fixation and storage. Studies on total biomass that include the belowground component for the Pinus genus are scarce in Mexico due to the difficulty and high costs for its quantification. In this study, allometric models were fitted to estimate the total biomass of Pinus patula Schiede ex Schltdl. & Cham., from the pine-oak forest of Ixtlán de Juárez, Oaxaca, for which a destructive analysis was made of 25 trees distributed in five diameter classes, classifying the biomass by components (root, stem, branches and foliage). With the component biomass data, different models were fitted by nonlinear regression techniques, using the diameter at breast height (D, cm) and the total height (TH, m) as independent variables. The model with the best fit was an exponential type In this study, it was observed that the studied species stores 22.62% of the biomass in the root, 69.61% in the stem, 5.67% in the branches and 2.11%, in the foliage. The models proposed in this study allow the estimation of total biomass and by structural component independently and additively. Its use is recommended in trees of P. patula, in the range of 5 to 25 cm of diameter at breast height, in forests with similar growing conditions.","PeriodicalId":51802,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science and Technology","volume":"23 1","pages":"161 - 170"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80686186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-02DOI: 10.1080/21580103.2020.1750493
L. F. Temgoua, Marie Caroline Momo Solefack, P. A. Nyong, Patrick Tadjo
Abstract One of the forms of forest management is community forestry which is as an alternative to state-managed conservation. Knowledge of the wood potential and exploitable species is a prerequisite for the sustainable management of a community forest. This study carried out in the Cobaba community forest in Eastern Cameroon aimed to assess the floristic diversity and exploitable potential of timber species. A floristic inventory at a sampling rate of 8% was carried out and the volume of trees having reached the minimum exploitable diameter estimated. A total of 7736 commercial trees with dbh ≥20 cm were recorded, belonging to 65 species, 58 genera and 26 families. The Shannon–Weaver diversity index (H′) was 3.61. The density was 42.04 stems ha-1 and the basal area 16.43 m2 ha−1. A volume of timber of 31,929.21 m3 has been estimated for trees having reached the minimum exploitable diameter. About 30% of this volume is made up of high and medium commercial value species for which market demand exists. The most abundant species of high commercial value were Triplochyton scleroxylon, Entandrophragma cylindricum, and Milicia excelsa. For sustainable management and species conservation, we recommend that species with very low densities should be excluded from logging and for each species exploited, some well-conformed seed trees with a diameter greater than the minimum exploitable diameter should be left to ensure the renewal of the wood resource.
{"title":"Floristic diversity and exploitable potential of commercial timber species in the Cobaba community forest in Eastern Cameroon: implications for forest management","authors":"L. F. Temgoua, Marie Caroline Momo Solefack, P. A. Nyong, Patrick Tadjo","doi":"10.1080/21580103.2020.1750493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21580103.2020.1750493","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract One of the forms of forest management is community forestry which is as an alternative to state-managed conservation. Knowledge of the wood potential and exploitable species is a prerequisite for the sustainable management of a community forest. This study carried out in the Cobaba community forest in Eastern Cameroon aimed to assess the floristic diversity and exploitable potential of timber species. A floristic inventory at a sampling rate of 8% was carried out and the volume of trees having reached the minimum exploitable diameter estimated. A total of 7736 commercial trees with dbh ≥20 cm were recorded, belonging to 65 species, 58 genera and 26 families. The Shannon–Weaver diversity index (H′) was 3.61. The density was 42.04 stems ha-1 and the basal area 16.43 m2 ha−1. A volume of timber of 31,929.21 m3 has been estimated for trees having reached the minimum exploitable diameter. About 30% of this volume is made up of high and medium commercial value species for which market demand exists. The most abundant species of high commercial value were Triplochyton scleroxylon, Entandrophragma cylindricum, and Milicia excelsa. For sustainable management and species conservation, we recommend that species with very low densities should be excluded from logging and for each species exploited, some well-conformed seed trees with a diameter greater than the minimum exploitable diameter should be left to ensure the renewal of the wood resource.","PeriodicalId":51802,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science and Technology","volume":"8 1","pages":"56 - 67"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2020-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85159083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-02DOI: 10.1080/21580103.2020.1762761
Joo Jang-Hwan, Park so-hee, Koo Jachoon, Roh Taewoo, Emily Marie Lim, Youn Yeo-Chang
Abstract The existence of tradeoffs and synergies between ecosystem services emphasize the need to understand the preferences of ecosystem service beneficiaries. In this paper, the preferences of ecosystem services provided by different types of urban forests in South Korea are analyzed to provide insights on the improved distribution and supply of ecosystem services. The Delphi technique was utilized to elicit expert opinions on the categorization of ecosystem services provided by urban forests. A choice experiment on 500 Seoul citizens was then conducted to analyze the preferences for 7 types of ecosystem services – food provision, water flow regulation, noise reduction, microclimate regulation & air quality improvement, moderation & prevention of landslides, biodiversity enhancement, recreation, and health services. An AHP analysis was carried out to investigate experts’ ranking of the relative importance of these ecosystem services. The results showed that except for microclimate regulation & air quality improvement, Seoul citizens’ preferences for different types of urban forests did not differ according to the attribute level of each ecosystem service. There were also no significant differences between the preferences for urban natural parks and urban neighborhood parks, possibly indicating that Seoul citizens perceive them to be similar. Secondly, the results indicate a higher preference for urban forests with certain features, such as a higher proportion of fruit trees and deciduous trees, higher leaf area, denser tree canopy cover, wider distances between trees, and higher levels of species richness. The enhancement of biodiversity was considered the most influential service for Seoul citizens in their choice of urban forests. Seoul citizens were willing to pay 12,176 KRW/year and 21,036 KRW/year to enhance the level of biodiversity from “poor” to “average” and from “average” to “rich,” respectively. Finally, preferences and relative importance for almost all ecosystem services were different for citizens and experts. As it is impossible to maximize the provision of all ecosystem services concurrently, policymakers and urban forest managers need to consider citizens’ preferences and opinions when designing and managing urban forests in order to increase user satisfaction and welfare.
{"title":"Preferences for ecosystem services provided by urban forests in South Korea","authors":"Joo Jang-Hwan, Park so-hee, Koo Jachoon, Roh Taewoo, Emily Marie Lim, Youn Yeo-Chang","doi":"10.1080/21580103.2020.1762761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21580103.2020.1762761","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The existence of tradeoffs and synergies between ecosystem services emphasize the need to understand the preferences of ecosystem service beneficiaries. In this paper, the preferences of ecosystem services provided by different types of urban forests in South Korea are analyzed to provide insights on the improved distribution and supply of ecosystem services. The Delphi technique was utilized to elicit expert opinions on the categorization of ecosystem services provided by urban forests. A choice experiment on 500 Seoul citizens was then conducted to analyze the preferences for 7 types of ecosystem services – food provision, water flow regulation, noise reduction, microclimate regulation & air quality improvement, moderation & prevention of landslides, biodiversity enhancement, recreation, and health services. An AHP analysis was carried out to investigate experts’ ranking of the relative importance of these ecosystem services. The results showed that except for microclimate regulation & air quality improvement, Seoul citizens’ preferences for different types of urban forests did not differ according to the attribute level of each ecosystem service. There were also no significant differences between the preferences for urban natural parks and urban neighborhood parks, possibly indicating that Seoul citizens perceive them to be similar. Secondly, the results indicate a higher preference for urban forests with certain features, such as a higher proportion of fruit trees and deciduous trees, higher leaf area, denser tree canopy cover, wider distances between trees, and higher levels of species richness. The enhancement of biodiversity was considered the most influential service for Seoul citizens in their choice of urban forests. Seoul citizens were willing to pay 12,176 KRW/year and 21,036 KRW/year to enhance the level of biodiversity from “poor” to “average” and from “average” to “rich,” respectively. Finally, preferences and relative importance for almost all ecosystem services were different for citizens and experts. As it is impossible to maximize the provision of all ecosystem services concurrently, policymakers and urban forest managers need to consider citizens’ preferences and opinions when designing and managing urban forests in order to increase user satisfaction and welfare.","PeriodicalId":51802,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science and Technology","volume":"89 1","pages":"103 - 86"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2020-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83872015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-02DOI: 10.1080/21580103.2020.1758801
M. Seng, E. Cheong
Abstract Dalbergia cochinchinensis belongs to family Fabaceae, is a hardwood tree species listed as vulnerable on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. This species is a slow-growing and it is threatened by overexploitation for its timber and illegal logging. Because of the increased demand for the timber, the species is rapidly disappearing in many habitats and threatened to extinction in the near future. Prevention of illegal logging and conservation efforts are required to protect the species. Seed germination and seedling growth is a critical step for the abiding conservation of plant germplasm. An experiment was to find out appropriate pre-sowing treatment for maximizing the germination. Eighteen pre-sowing treatments were used for both the seeds sown on moist filter paper and soil. Data was collected daily for calculated germination percentage, mean germination time, mean germination rate and growth performance. Results revealed that hot water treatment was effective to increase the germination rate comparison to the control and other treatments such as cold treatment and scarification. Significantly higher germination percentage (34.4%) and mean germination rate (0.17) were recorded in seeds were soaked in hot water 70 °C for 1 min (T1). Beside, seedling growth such as number of leaves, leaf length and seedling height originated from hot water treatment performed significantly higher than others. The results indicated that seeds treated with hot water had profound and significant impact on seed germination and growth of D. cochinchinensis.
摘要胭脂黄檀(Dalbergia cochinchinensis)属于豆科，是世界自然保护联盟(IUCN)濒危物种红色名录中的脆弱硬木树种。该物种生长缓慢，受到木材过度开采和非法采伐的威胁。由于对木材需求的增加，该物种在许多栖息地正在迅速消失，并在不久的将来面临灭绝的威胁。防止非法采伐和保护措施是保护该物种的必要措施。种子萌发和幼苗生长是植物种质资源持久保存的关键步骤。本试验旨在找出适宜的播前处理，以最大限度地提高种子的发芽率。播前处理分别在湿滤纸和土壤上进行。每天收集数据，计算发芽率、平均发芽率、平均发芽率和生长性能。结果表明，与对照和冷处理、划伤处理相比，热水处理能有效提高发芽率。种子在70°C热水中浸泡1 min (T1)，发芽率(34.4%)和平均发芽率(0.17)显著提高。此外，热水处理的幼苗生长如叶片数、叶片长和幼苗高均显著高于其他处理。结果表明，热水处理对红木种子萌发和生长有显著影响。
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Pub Date : 2020-04-02DOI: 10.1080/21580103.2020.1746696
Wenceslao Santiago-García, Antonio Heriberto Jacinto-Salinas, G. Rodríguez-Ortiz, A. Nava-Nava, Elías Santiago-García, G. Ángeles-Pérez, J. R. Enríquez-del Valle
Abstract Generalized height-diameter at breast height (D) models are essential for the estimation of the timber stocks of a forest stand, as well as in the generation of base information to develop forest growth models, and as basic inputs in the development of forest management plans. Generalized models were developed to estimate total height (TH) based on the D and stand variables, of five Pinus species in forests under forest management of Ixtlán de Juárez, Oaxaca, Mexico. The data used come from a timber forest inventory, where n = 1041 sampling plots of 1000 m2 each were established based on a stratified-systematic sampling design. The species selected according to their relative abundance were: Pinus patula, Pinus oaxacana, Pinus ayacahuite, Pinus teocote and Pinus leiophylla. Five nonlinear equations were fitted using regression techniques to predict the TH of the trees under several silviculture regimes and forest management conditions. The statistical criteria of goodness of fit used were: adjusted coefficient of determination (R2adj), root mean square error (RMSE) and absolute average bias in the prediction (Ē). Likewise, the graphic analysis of the predictive capacity of the equations was considered. The D and the stand variables (quadratic mean diameter, dominant diameter and dominant height) for these species explained between 75 and 83% of the variability of the TH data. The predicting variables to apply the developed generalized models to estimate tree's total height require less sampling effort and are derived from conventional forest inventory data, which allows to reduce costs and time in field work.
广义胸高径(D)模型是估算林分木材蓄积量、建立森林生长模型所需的基础信息和制定森林经营计划的基本投入的重要工具。以墨西哥瓦哈卡州Ixtlán de Juárez森林经营下的5种松林为研究对象，建立了基于D和林分变量估算总高度的广义模型。使用的数据来自木材林调查，其中n = 1041个采样样地，每个样地1000平方米，基于分层系统抽样设计。根据相对丰度选择的树种有:松、瓦哈卡松、红松、大山松和松。利用回归技术拟合了5个非线性方程，预测了几种造林制度和森林经营条件下树木的TH。拟合优度的统计标准为:调整后的决定系数(R2adj)、均方根误差(RMSE)和预测的绝对平均偏差(Ē)。同样，考虑了方程预测能力的图形分析。这些树种的D和林分变量(二次平均直径、优势直径和优势高度)解释了TH数据的75 - 83%的变异。应用开发的广义模型来估计树木总高度的预测变量需要较少的采样工作，并且来自传统的森林清查数据，这可以减少实地工作的成本和时间。
{"title":"Generalized height-diameter models for five pine species at Southern Mexico","authors":"Wenceslao Santiago-García, Antonio Heriberto Jacinto-Salinas, G. Rodríguez-Ortiz, A. Nava-Nava, Elías Santiago-García, G. Ángeles-Pérez, J. R. Enríquez-del Valle","doi":"10.1080/21580103.2020.1746696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21580103.2020.1746696","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Generalized height-diameter at breast height (D) models are essential for the estimation of the timber stocks of a forest stand, as well as in the generation of base information to develop forest growth models, and as basic inputs in the development of forest management plans. Generalized models were developed to estimate total height (TH) based on the D and stand variables, of five Pinus species in forests under forest management of Ixtlán de Juárez, Oaxaca, Mexico. The data used come from a timber forest inventory, where n = 1041 sampling plots of 1000 m2 each were established based on a stratified-systematic sampling design. The species selected according to their relative abundance were: Pinus patula, Pinus oaxacana, Pinus ayacahuite, Pinus teocote and Pinus leiophylla. Five nonlinear equations were fitted using regression techniques to predict the TH of the trees under several silviculture regimes and forest management conditions. The statistical criteria of goodness of fit used were: adjusted coefficient of determination (R2adj), root mean square error (RMSE) and absolute average bias in the prediction (Ē). Likewise, the graphic analysis of the predictive capacity of the equations was considered. The D and the stand variables (quadratic mean diameter, dominant diameter and dominant height) for these species explained between 75 and 83% of the variability of the TH data. The predicting variables to apply the developed generalized models to estimate tree's total height require less sampling effort and are derived from conventional forest inventory data, which allows to reduce costs and time in field work.","PeriodicalId":51802,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science and Technology","volume":"30 1","pages":"49 - 55"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2020-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83836026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-02DOI: 10.1080/21580103.2020.1756929
Riadh Beghami, N. Bertella, M. Laamari, Oussama A Bensaci
Abstract In order to shed light on the insect part involved in the forest decline associated with Atlas cedar (Cedrus atlantica (Endl.) Carriere.), an etiological study was carried out on eight representative stations in the Aures mountains located in Eastern Algeria. 1,728 woodlogs was prospected, representing three levels of tree’s health status (healthy, decaying, and moribund) and four heights (base, medium, crown, and branches) over three years (2010, 2013 and 2016). From this large-scale investigation, it was found that beetles caused the most important damages on Atlas cedar trees, 22 species of which belong mainly to the Scolytidae (Cryphalus numidicus, Scolytus numidicus, Crypturgus cedri, Phloeosinus cedri, and Hylastes batnensis); the Buprestidae (Melanophila marmottani and Anthaxia martini) as well as the xylomycophage Ciidae (Cis corioli) were found to be the most significant decline agents who impacted most of the phytosanitary status of Cedrus atlantica. The thorough examination of the infestation level and the manner of how these insects affected each stage of decline (taking into account the various specimens collected at different high levels) showed an intra and inter-specific heterogeneity, as well as a succession of the xylophagous entomofauna when comparing various stations.
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