Pub Date : 2021-10-02DOI: 10.1080/21580103.2021.1997830
Hyeon-Jun Kim, H. Jo, Gwang-Jung Kim, Hyung-Sub Kim, Yowhan Son
Abstract Excessively high temperatures and droughts after winter dormancy can affect the physiological responses of plant seedlings. In the present study, an open-field experiment was conducted to investigate the impact of spring warming and drought treatments on the short-term physiological responses of 1-year-old Larix kaempferi seedlings. The warming treatment was designed to increase the air temperature by 4 °C compared to that of the temperature control plots and was carried out for seven days each in the second and fourth week of May 2020. Moreover, the drought treatment was designed to completely block precipitation for four weeks in May 2020. After the first warming treatment period, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and net photosynthetic rate decreased by 35.16%, 29.53%, and 13.34% in the temperature warming plots compared to those in the temperature control plots, respectively. After the resting stage, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate increased by 101.47% and 72.80% in the temperature warming plots compared to those in the temperature control plots, respectively. Stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and net photosynthetic rate tended to decrease in the drought treatment. The total chlorophyll content did not change under the warming treatment, but it increased by 20.29% in the drought treatment plots compared to that in the precipitation control plots in the fourth week; this may have resulted from chlorophyll hormesis. Furthermore, the correlation and principal component analyses showed that seedling physiological responses and environmental conditions were closely related. We found that spring warming and drought treatments can reduce stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and net photosynthetic rate, thus affecting seedling growth. This study is expected to be the basis for more in-depth studies on the effects of warming and drought treatments on the growth and phenology of L. kaempferi seedlings.
{"title":"Short-term physiological responses of Larix kaempferi seedlings to spring warming and drought manipulation","authors":"Hyeon-Jun Kim, H. Jo, Gwang-Jung Kim, Hyung-Sub Kim, Yowhan Son","doi":"10.1080/21580103.2021.1997830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21580103.2021.1997830","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Excessively high temperatures and droughts after winter dormancy can affect the physiological responses of plant seedlings. In the present study, an open-field experiment was conducted to investigate the impact of spring warming and drought treatments on the short-term physiological responses of 1-year-old Larix kaempferi seedlings. The warming treatment was designed to increase the air temperature by 4 °C compared to that of the temperature control plots and was carried out for seven days each in the second and fourth week of May 2020. Moreover, the drought treatment was designed to completely block precipitation for four weeks in May 2020. After the first warming treatment period, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and net photosynthetic rate decreased by 35.16%, 29.53%, and 13.34% in the temperature warming plots compared to those in the temperature control plots, respectively. After the resting stage, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate increased by 101.47% and 72.80% in the temperature warming plots compared to those in the temperature control plots, respectively. Stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and net photosynthetic rate tended to decrease in the drought treatment. The total chlorophyll content did not change under the warming treatment, but it increased by 20.29% in the drought treatment plots compared to that in the precipitation control plots in the fourth week; this may have resulted from chlorophyll hormesis. Furthermore, the correlation and principal component analyses showed that seedling physiological responses and environmental conditions were closely related. We found that spring warming and drought treatments can reduce stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and net photosynthetic rate, thus affecting seedling growth. This study is expected to be the basis for more in-depth studies on the effects of warming and drought treatments on the growth and phenology of L. kaempferi seedlings.","PeriodicalId":51802,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science and Technology","volume":"134 1","pages":"197 - 205"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77384525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-02DOI: 10.1080/21580103.2021.1976683
S. Yong, H. Song, DongJin Park, Do Hyeon Kim, Kwan-Been Park, M. Choi
Abstract Chamaecyparis obtusa, Chamaecyparis pisifera, and Thuja occidentalis produce essential oils of good wood and industrial benefits, including food additives, perfumes, odorants and disinfectants. To identify a single antifungal monoterpene with antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea, we identified a single antifungal compound by chemically profiling essential oils from three coniferous species. The antifungal activity of coniferous essential oil was slightly different depending on the species but showed high antifungal activity, and T. occidentalis essential oil had the highest antifungal activity among the three essential oils. The chemical composition of essential oils from three coniferous leaves was profiled using GC-MS. The chemical profiles of C. obtusa and C. pisifera were very similar, but T. occidentalis was relatively different from the two species. The chemical composition of the three conifer oils contained 20 each. As a result of profiling three essential oil components with high antifungal activity, the compounds present in all three species were bornyl acetate and terpinyl acetate. These compounds of C. obtusa essential oil were 26.49%, C. pisifera essential oil 25.04% and T. occidentalis essential oil 12.60%. These two compounds were estimated to be antifungal agents. The antifungal activity of the six monoterpenes was different, and the single monoterpene with the highest antifungal activity was bornyl acetate followed by terpinyl acetate. Therefore, it was possible to search for antifungal activity monoterpene components by chemical profiling. Terpinyl acetate and bornyl acetate can be used for environmental-friendly insecticidal active materials.
{"title":"Chemical compositions and antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea of the essential oils from the leaves of three conifer species","authors":"S. Yong, H. Song, DongJin Park, Do Hyeon Kim, Kwan-Been Park, M. Choi","doi":"10.1080/21580103.2021.1976683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21580103.2021.1976683","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Chamaecyparis obtusa, Chamaecyparis pisifera, and Thuja occidentalis produce essential oils of good wood and industrial benefits, including food additives, perfumes, odorants and disinfectants. To identify a single antifungal monoterpene with antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea, we identified a single antifungal compound by chemically profiling essential oils from three coniferous species. The antifungal activity of coniferous essential oil was slightly different depending on the species but showed high antifungal activity, and T. occidentalis essential oil had the highest antifungal activity among the three essential oils. The chemical composition of essential oils from three coniferous leaves was profiled using GC-MS. The chemical profiles of C. obtusa and C. pisifera were very similar, but T. occidentalis was relatively different from the two species. The chemical composition of the three conifer oils contained 20 each. As a result of profiling three essential oil components with high antifungal activity, the compounds present in all three species were bornyl acetate and terpinyl acetate. These compounds of C. obtusa essential oil were 26.49%, C. pisifera essential oil 25.04% and T. occidentalis essential oil 12.60%. These two compounds were estimated to be antifungal agents. The antifungal activity of the six monoterpenes was different, and the single monoterpene with the highest antifungal activity was bornyl acetate followed by terpinyl acetate. Therefore, it was possible to search for antifungal activity monoterpene components by chemical profiling. Terpinyl acetate and bornyl acetate can be used for environmental-friendly insecticidal active materials.","PeriodicalId":51802,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science and Technology","volume":"31 1","pages":"169 - 179"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84484200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-02DOI: 10.1080/21580103.2021.1996474
S. Yun, Min-Su Kim, Chanwoo Park, Won Il Choi, Jong-Hwan Lim, J. Chun
Abstract Changes in stand biomass, stem density, mortality and recruitment were monitored from 2000 to 2016 at 5- or 6-year intervals of Mt. Geumsan (GMS). The GMS had 34 woody plant species and 2698 living stems (DBH ≥ 2 cm) ha−1 in 2016, with an increase in biomass from 233.80 ton ha−1 in 2000 to 282.15 ton ha−1 in 2016. The dominant species in the canopy layer was Quercus serrata, while Chamaecyparis obtusa was the dominant species in the subtree layer. During the 17 years, the biomass of Q. serrata increased from 156.35 to 198.40 ton ha−1, while the stem density of Q. serrata declined from 395 to 268 stems ha−1. In addition, the biomass of C. obtusa increased from 12.70 to 24.09 ton ha−1, and also the stem density of C. obtusa increased from 722 to 898 stems ha−1. The forest structure of GMS is expected to maintain dominance of Q. serrata, and C. obtusa is increasing. Therefore, GMS was a natural broad-leaved forest composed of Q. serrata, but natural broad-leaved species at the site are declining due to the regeneration and growth of C. obtusa, which is relatively shade-tolerant compared to other species.
摘要/ Abstract摘要:对2000 ~ 2016年金山林分生物量、茎密度、死亡率和复育率的变化进行了监测，每隔5 ~ 6年进行一次。2016年，GMS共有木本植物34种，活茎(胸径≥2 cm) 2698株，生物量从2000年的233.80 t ha−1增加到2016年的282.15 t ha−1。林冠层的优势种为锯齿栎，亚乔木层的优势种为长尾栎。17 a间，锯齿栎生物量由156.35 t ha−1增加到198.40 t ha−1，而茎密度由395 t ha−1下降到268 t ha−1。与此同时，叶片生物量由12.70 t ha−1增加到24.09 t ha−1，叶片茎密度由722茎ha−1增加到898茎ha−1。GMS的森林结构将保持锯齿木的优势，而粗齿木的优势将增加。因此，GMS是由锯齿栎(Q. serrata)组成的天然阔叶林，但由于C. obtusa的更新和生长，该站点的天然阔叶林种正在减少，与其他物种相比，C. obtusa相对耐荫。
{"title":"Changes in stand structure and biomass increment in a warm temperate forest at a long-term ecological research site in Korea over 17 years","authors":"S. Yun, Min-Su Kim, Chanwoo Park, Won Il Choi, Jong-Hwan Lim, J. Chun","doi":"10.1080/21580103.2021.1996474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21580103.2021.1996474","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Changes in stand biomass, stem density, mortality and recruitment were monitored from 2000 to 2016 at 5- or 6-year intervals of Mt. Geumsan (GMS). The GMS had 34 woody plant species and 2698 living stems (DBH ≥ 2 cm) ha−1 in 2016, with an increase in biomass from 233.80 ton ha−1 in 2000 to 282.15 ton ha−1 in 2016. The dominant species in the canopy layer was Quercus serrata, while Chamaecyparis obtusa was the dominant species in the subtree layer. During the 17 years, the biomass of Q. serrata increased from 156.35 to 198.40 ton ha−1, while the stem density of Q. serrata declined from 395 to 268 stems ha−1. In addition, the biomass of C. obtusa increased from 12.70 to 24.09 ton ha−1, and also the stem density of C. obtusa increased from 722 to 898 stems ha−1. The forest structure of GMS is expected to maintain dominance of Q. serrata, and C. obtusa is increasing. Therefore, GMS was a natural broad-leaved forest composed of Q. serrata, but natural broad-leaved species at the site are declining due to the regeneration and growth of C. obtusa, which is relatively shade-tolerant compared to other species.","PeriodicalId":51802,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science and Technology","volume":"79 1","pages":"189 - 196"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79079740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-21DOI: 10.1080/21580103.2021.1979108
S. Wang, C. Lim, Woo-kyun Lee
Abstract This review paper presents the extent and magnitude of forest fires and adaptation responses to deepen our understanding of the dynamics of forest fires in the eastern Himalayan region. We used a narrative scooping review approach to narrate the present state of forest fires and resilient adaptation responses to guide the development of climate resilient adaptation pathways in the future. Our review concludes that forest fires (total mean fire incidence = 3,158.5) continue to destroy overwhelming areas of forests every year (mean area destroyed = 658,778.4 hectares), presenting significant threat to ecological integrity, human wellbeing, and global effort to fight climate change. Fire incidences are highest during and post dry winter months which quickly declines at the onset of monsoon. Adaptation and responding to ever growing size and frequency of forest fires are limited by lack of awareness, training on fire management, firefighting infrastructure, technology, and adequate policy and financial support. In addition, there is acute lack of scientific studies to understand forest fire dynamics in the eastern Himalayan region. Based on the forest fire literature we argue that policy makers and communities must quickly adopt policy strategies that support smart responses to forest fire management including allocating adequate funds to support capacity building and research. Such decision must be based on research into potentials for climate resilient pathways for adaptation response.
{"title":"A review of forest fire and policy response for resilient adaptation under changing climate in the Eastern Himalayan region","authors":"S. Wang, C. Lim, Woo-kyun Lee","doi":"10.1080/21580103.2021.1979108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21580103.2021.1979108","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This review paper presents the extent and magnitude of forest fires and adaptation responses to deepen our understanding of the dynamics of forest fires in the eastern Himalayan region. We used a narrative scooping review approach to narrate the present state of forest fires and resilient adaptation responses to guide the development of climate resilient adaptation pathways in the future. Our review concludes that forest fires (total mean fire incidence = 3,158.5) continue to destroy overwhelming areas of forests every year (mean area destroyed = 658,778.4 hectares), presenting significant threat to ecological integrity, human wellbeing, and global effort to fight climate change. Fire incidences are highest during and post dry winter months which quickly declines at the onset of monsoon. Adaptation and responding to ever growing size and frequency of forest fires are limited by lack of awareness, training on fire management, firefighting infrastructure, technology, and adequate policy and financial support. In addition, there is acute lack of scientific studies to understand forest fire dynamics in the eastern Himalayan region. Based on the forest fire literature we argue that policy makers and communities must quickly adopt policy strategies that support smart responses to forest fire management including allocating adequate funds to support capacity building and research. Such decision must be based on research into potentials for climate resilient pathways for adaptation response.","PeriodicalId":51802,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science and Technology","volume":"104 1","pages":"180 - 188"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75172490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-03DOI: 10.1080/21580103.2021.1904009
Jin-Hwi Kang, ChiUng Ko, Sun-Jeoung Lee, J. Yim, G. Moon, Sung Hyun Lee
Abstract This study was conducted to suggest the necessity of regulated stand density control in order to maintain the ratio of height to diameter at breast height (H/D ratio) of Hinoki cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa) and Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) in South Korea. A total of 2,000 (1,000 each) Hinoki cypress and Japanese cedar were cut from various regions of South Korea, and their diameter at breast height (DBH), height and clear length were measured. The two species’ regional means of H/D ratio and crown ratio were then computed and compared to find the relationship with tree growth. The result of analyzing the relationship between the H/D ratio and tree growth by DBH class is as follows, 77.0% for small DBH class, 62.5% for medium DBH class, and 45.9% for large DBH class, with overall mean of 61.8%. The annual means of DBH growth were 4.6 mm, 7.4 mm, and 8.2 mm respectively for small, medium, and large DBH classes. As the DBH class went up, the H/D ratio decreased, showing a negative correlation (p < 0.0001) with the tree growth rate. However, the crown ratio showed a significant correlation with tree growth. Japanese cedar’s H/D ratios by DBH class were 100.5% for small, 74.9% for medium, and 53.6% for large, while its mean annual DBH growth were 5.1 mm, 7.6 mm, and 10.0 mm, from small to large DBH class respectively. Similar to that of Hinoki cypress, Japanese cedar’s H/D ratio showed a negative correlation with the growth rate (p < 0.0001), but no significant relationship could be established between the crown ratio and the tree growth. In both arboreal species, the correlation between the H/D ratio and growth rate is negative, and no significant correlation could be formulated between crown ratio and tree growth. In conclusion, both tree species tended to have a higher H/D ratio and a lower growth rate in small DBH class, while H/D ratio decreased and growth rate increased As DBH class got larger.
{"title":"Relationship of H/D and crown ratio and tree growth for Chamaecyparis obtusa and Cryptomeria japonica in Korea","authors":"Jin-Hwi Kang, ChiUng Ko, Sun-Jeoung Lee, J. Yim, G. Moon, Sung Hyun Lee","doi":"10.1080/21580103.2021.1904009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21580103.2021.1904009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study was conducted to suggest the necessity of regulated stand density control in order to maintain the ratio of height to diameter at breast height (H/D ratio) of Hinoki cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa) and Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) in South Korea. A total of 2,000 (1,000 each) Hinoki cypress and Japanese cedar were cut from various regions of South Korea, and their diameter at breast height (DBH), height and clear length were measured. The two species’ regional means of H/D ratio and crown ratio were then computed and compared to find the relationship with tree growth. The result of analyzing the relationship between the H/D ratio and tree growth by DBH class is as follows, 77.0% for small DBH class, 62.5% for medium DBH class, and 45.9% for large DBH class, with overall mean of 61.8%. The annual means of DBH growth were 4.6 mm, 7.4 mm, and 8.2 mm respectively for small, medium, and large DBH classes. As the DBH class went up, the H/D ratio decreased, showing a negative correlation (p < 0.0001) with the tree growth rate. However, the crown ratio showed a significant correlation with tree growth. Japanese cedar’s H/D ratios by DBH class were 100.5% for small, 74.9% for medium, and 53.6% for large, while its mean annual DBH growth were 5.1 mm, 7.6 mm, and 10.0 mm, from small to large DBH class respectively. Similar to that of Hinoki cypress, Japanese cedar’s H/D ratio showed a negative correlation with the growth rate (p < 0.0001), but no significant relationship could be established between the crown ratio and the tree growth. In both arboreal species, the correlation between the H/D ratio and growth rate is negative, and no significant correlation could be formulated between crown ratio and tree growth. In conclusion, both tree species tended to have a higher H/D ratio and a lower growth rate in small DBH class, while H/D ratio decreased and growth rate increased As DBH class got larger.","PeriodicalId":51802,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science and Technology","volume":"201202 1","pages":"101 - 109"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77714333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-03DOI: 10.1080/21580103.2021.1963327
Gentil Kaboyi Iragi, Butoto Imani wa Rusaati, Innocent Byamungu Nfizi, Cephas Ndabaga Masumbuko, P. Gendusa, Astrid Matendo Furaha, Jun-Won Kang
Abstract This study aimed to investigate the ethnomedicinal plant knowledge among people living in The Uvira Territory. The data were collected using semi-structured interviews with and field observation in seven villages. The ethnomedicinal data was analyzed using the informant consensus factor (ICF), family importance value (FIV), and Jaccard index (JI). Sixty-nine medicinal plants belonging to 61 genera and 34 families were used to treat eight disease categories. Fabaceae was not only the dominant family but also a family with the high FIV. Decoction and pound were the most common methods of preparation, while leaves were the most used part. We compared this study with 24 other ethnomedicinal studies conducted in RD Congo and neighboring countries, and the results showed that the Jaccard index ranged from 0.57 to 10.94. The highest degree of similarity (10.94) was found with another study conducted in Congo, while the lowest degree of similarity (0.57) was found with a study conducted in Rwanda. The disease category for which there was the highest number of use (66) and plant species (39) was “diseases of the digestive system disorders and intestinal parasites” (ICF 0.42). The investigation of the plants used as drugs in the study area revealed that the population daily relies on medicinal plants to treat different diseases.
{"title":"Ethnomedicinal study of plants used in the Uvira Territory (Democratic Republic of Congo)","authors":"Gentil Kaboyi Iragi, Butoto Imani wa Rusaati, Innocent Byamungu Nfizi, Cephas Ndabaga Masumbuko, P. Gendusa, Astrid Matendo Furaha, Jun-Won Kang","doi":"10.1080/21580103.2021.1963327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21580103.2021.1963327","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study aimed to investigate the ethnomedicinal plant knowledge among people living in The Uvira Territory. The data were collected using semi-structured interviews with and field observation in seven villages. The ethnomedicinal data was analyzed using the informant consensus factor (ICF), family importance value (FIV), and Jaccard index (JI). Sixty-nine medicinal plants belonging to 61 genera and 34 families were used to treat eight disease categories. Fabaceae was not only the dominant family but also a family with the high FIV. Decoction and pound were the most common methods of preparation, while leaves were the most used part. We compared this study with 24 other ethnomedicinal studies conducted in RD Congo and neighboring countries, and the results showed that the Jaccard index ranged from 0.57 to 10.94. The highest degree of similarity (10.94) was found with another study conducted in Congo, while the lowest degree of similarity (0.57) was found with a study conducted in Rwanda. The disease category for which there was the highest number of use (66) and plant species (39) was “diseases of the digestive system disorders and intestinal parasites” (ICF 0.42). The investigation of the plants used as drugs in the study area revealed that the population daily relies on medicinal plants to treat different diseases.","PeriodicalId":51802,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science and Technology","volume":"2 1","pages":"144 - 154"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90102035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-03DOI: 10.1080/21580103.2021.1968960
Hwa Lee, Gyu-Hong Han, E. Cheong
Abstract Ulmus pumila L. has potential benefits for erosion control, landscape ornamentals, and the bark contains substances that may have therapeutic value. To determine optimal growth conditions, we investigated the effect of water, sucrose, and exogenous plant growth regulator (6 benzylaminopurine: BA, indolebutyric acid: IBA and gibberellic acid: GA3) treatments as well as light quality (dark, fluorescence, and 2:1 or 4:1 Red:Blue (R:B) LED) on U. pumila seed germination and seedling growth. Seeds soaked in a 3% sucrose solution had the highest germination rate and germination energy in addition to the shortest germination time compared to seeds treated with water or PGRs, except the control. Light quality only affected germination energy, with seeds exposed to 2:1 R:B LED light having the highest germination energy and those exposed to fluorescent light having the lowest. Following transfer to a greenhouse with exposure to natural sunlight, the performance of seedlings varied depending on the light conditions under which they were germinated. In contrast, treatments during the germination stage such as incubation with PGRs had no effect on seedling growth in the greenhouse. Seedlings that germinated under 2:1 or 4:1 R:B LED lights grew taller and had thicker root collars compared to those grown in the dark or under fluorescent lights. The influence of light conditions persisted for at least seven months after the germination, even though the chlorophyll content was similar among seedlings exposed to different growth conditions. Taken together, these results show that light quality in particular during the germination stage can positively affect the growth of the U. pumila seedlings.
{"title":"Effect of different treatments and light quality on Ulmus pumila L. germination and seedling growth","authors":"Hwa Lee, Gyu-Hong Han, E. Cheong","doi":"10.1080/21580103.2021.1968960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21580103.2021.1968960","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Ulmus pumila L. has potential benefits for erosion control, landscape ornamentals, and the bark contains substances that may have therapeutic value. To determine optimal growth conditions, we investigated the effect of water, sucrose, and exogenous plant growth regulator (6 benzylaminopurine: BA, indolebutyric acid: IBA and gibberellic acid: GA3) treatments as well as light quality (dark, fluorescence, and 2:1 or 4:1 Red:Blue (R:B) LED) on U. pumila seed germination and seedling growth. Seeds soaked in a 3% sucrose solution had the highest germination rate and germination energy in addition to the shortest germination time compared to seeds treated with water or PGRs, except the control. Light quality only affected germination energy, with seeds exposed to 2:1 R:B LED light having the highest germination energy and those exposed to fluorescent light having the lowest. Following transfer to a greenhouse with exposure to natural sunlight, the performance of seedlings varied depending on the light conditions under which they were germinated. In contrast, treatments during the germination stage such as incubation with PGRs had no effect on seedling growth in the greenhouse. Seedlings that germinated under 2:1 or 4:1 R:B LED lights grew taller and had thicker root collars compared to those grown in the dark or under fluorescent lights. The influence of light conditions persisted for at least seven months after the germination, even though the chlorophyll content was similar among seedlings exposed to different growth conditions. Taken together, these results show that light quality in particular during the germination stage can positively affect the growth of the U. pumila seedlings.","PeriodicalId":51802,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science and Technology","volume":"9 1","pages":"162 - 168"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77957928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-03DOI: 10.1080/21580103.2021.1952903
Phayvanh Alounsavath Master, Se Bin Kim
Abstract Sustainable Production Forest Management is a priority forest policy in Laos in which forest management plans need to be produced for each Production Forest Area (PFA). The forest management plan is very important for the sustainable use of forest resources in a PFA. It determines harvesting rotation cycles, annually allowed sustainable cuts of timber for each compartment, and identifies areas for conservation, restoration and rehabilitation in each PFA. This study examines the economic feasibility of the implementation of forest management operations in Xaibouathong Forest Management Area (FMA) in Khammouan Province with a 15-year cutting cycle. Data and information on Government cost norms, fees, and timber prices associated with the development and implementation of forest management plans, volumes and timber species harvested from three sub-forest management areas (Sivilai, Kengchone, and Phakong) of Xaibouathong FMA were collected and analyzed by using benefit-cost analysis. The results of this study showed that the current production forest management operation in Xaibouathong FMA is not economically feasible. Most of the sub-forest management areas costs outweigh its benefits because most of commercial tree species harvested in the three Sub-FMAs are lesser use species with low market price. Further study is needed to identify the real costs associated with the development and implementation of forest management plans when the Government permits logging operations in other production forest areas.
{"title":"Economic feasibility of a sustainable production forest management system in Xaibouathong forest management area, Khammouan province, Lao PDR","authors":"Phayvanh Alounsavath Master, Se Bin Kim","doi":"10.1080/21580103.2021.1952903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21580103.2021.1952903","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Sustainable Production Forest Management is a priority forest policy in Laos in which forest management plans need to be produced for each Production Forest Area (PFA). The forest management plan is very important for the sustainable use of forest resources in a PFA. It determines harvesting rotation cycles, annually allowed sustainable cuts of timber for each compartment, and identifies areas for conservation, restoration and rehabilitation in each PFA. This study examines the economic feasibility of the implementation of forest management operations in Xaibouathong Forest Management Area (FMA) in Khammouan Province with a 15-year cutting cycle. Data and information on Government cost norms, fees, and timber prices associated with the development and implementation of forest management plans, volumes and timber species harvested from three sub-forest management areas (Sivilai, Kengchone, and Phakong) of Xaibouathong FMA were collected and analyzed by using benefit-cost analysis. The results of this study showed that the current production forest management operation in Xaibouathong FMA is not economically feasible. Most of the sub-forest management areas costs outweigh its benefits because most of commercial tree species harvested in the three Sub-FMAs are lesser use species with low market price. Further study is needed to identify the real costs associated with the development and implementation of forest management plans when the Government permits logging operations in other production forest areas.","PeriodicalId":51802,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science and Technology","volume":"11 1","pages":"119 - 124"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75679887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-03DOI: 10.1080/21580103.2021.1946169
Ji-Sun Son, Sihyun Kim, Jin-Whan Shin, Gwan-Won Lee, Han Kim
Abstract Zelkova serrata (Thunb.) Makino trees, which account for a large proportion of cultural assets and protected trees and have considerable historical and cultural symbolic meaning in South Korea. To verify the reliability of the nondestructive sonic tomography (SoT) method on Z. serrata trees, this study compared the results of SoT with those obtained with the destructive resistance micro-drilling method. With SoT measurement, defects were found in approximately 75% of the target Z. serrata trees and two of these trees were evaluated as having a high risk because their defective portions accounted for approximately 70% or more of the entire cross section. The independent samples t-test indicated that the two methods did not show a significant difference between measurements. Regression analysis indicated that the measurement values of the two methods showed a positive relationship with a high explanatory power of 76%, thus, verifying the reliability of SoT.
{"title":"Reliability of non-destructive sonic tomography for detection of defects in old Zelkova serrata (Thunb.) Makino trees","authors":"Ji-Sun Son, Sihyun Kim, Jin-Whan Shin, Gwan-Won Lee, Han Kim","doi":"10.1080/21580103.2021.1946169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21580103.2021.1946169","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Zelkova serrata (Thunb.) Makino trees, which account for a large proportion of cultural assets and protected trees and have considerable historical and cultural symbolic meaning in South Korea. To verify the reliability of the nondestructive sonic tomography (SoT) method on Z. serrata trees, this study compared the results of SoT with those obtained with the destructive resistance micro-drilling method. With SoT measurement, defects were found in approximately 75% of the target Z. serrata trees and two of these trees were evaluated as having a high risk because their defective portions accounted for approximately 70% or more of the entire cross section. The independent samples t-test indicated that the two methods did not show a significant difference between measurements. Regression analysis indicated that the measurement values of the two methods showed a positive relationship with a high explanatory power of 76%, thus, verifying the reliability of SoT.","PeriodicalId":51802,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science and Technology","volume":"19 1","pages":"110 - 118"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73910394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-03DOI: 10.1080/21580103.2021.1963326
B. Ganbaatar, Tsogtbaatar Jamsran, A. Gradel, Gerelbaatar Sukhbaatar
Abstract The post-thinning stand density and spacing in forest plantations influence individual tree growth and crown development, and the changes detected in dominant tree growth are a good indication of the thinning effect. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of different thinning intensities on diameter and height growth in a Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) plantation. The field measurements were carried out between 2016 and 2020 on a Scots pine plantation, growing in Selenge province of northern Mongolia. Following this, experimental thinnings were carried out with different intensities. Thinning treatments comprised thinning with very low, low, medium, and high intensities, as well as an unthinned control stand. Stem analyses were performed to calculate the annual and cumulative diameter, height, and volume growth. For tree crown measurements several parameters were analyzed: crown diameter, crown projection area, and crown index. A total of 300 trees (5 treatments*3 replications*20 dominant trees from each plot) were subjected to the comparative analyses. This study revealed that thinning showed a stronger positive effect on diameter and volume growth of dominant trees in the plantation. Our results showed a gradual increase in diameter, basal area, and volume growth depending on the thinning intensity. An ANOVA test for growth analyses of dominant trees showed a significant difference in diameter (p < 0.0001) and height (p < 0.0001) growth performance following experimental felling with different thinning intensities. Finally we elaborated linear mixed effect models (LMM) for tree growth between 2016 and 2020 of selected dominant trees. With the help of the LMM we analyzed and described the thinning impact on DBH, BA, height, volume and crown diameter. The models confirmed that higher thinning intensity triggered growth of the response variables except for height. A greater height growth was found in very low (10%) and low (15%) intensity treatments. Due to reduction of competition and optimization of the distance between individuals, thinnings contributed to a relatively faster development of the tree crown in radial directions. Based on our analysis results and comparative graphs representing post-thinning dominant tree growth in diameter, height, basal area, and volume, we recommend medium- (30%) and high-intensity (45%) thinnings as at the beginning stage of plantation establishment.
{"title":"Assessment of the effects of thinnings in scots pine plantations in Mongolia: a comparative analysis of tree growth and crown development based on dominant trees","authors":"B. Ganbaatar, Tsogtbaatar Jamsran, A. Gradel, Gerelbaatar Sukhbaatar","doi":"10.1080/21580103.2021.1963326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21580103.2021.1963326","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The post-thinning stand density and spacing in forest plantations influence individual tree growth and crown development, and the changes detected in dominant tree growth are a good indication of the thinning effect. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of different thinning intensities on diameter and height growth in a Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) plantation. The field measurements were carried out between 2016 and 2020 on a Scots pine plantation, growing in Selenge province of northern Mongolia. Following this, experimental thinnings were carried out with different intensities. Thinning treatments comprised thinning with very low, low, medium, and high intensities, as well as an unthinned control stand. Stem analyses were performed to calculate the annual and cumulative diameter, height, and volume growth. For tree crown measurements several parameters were analyzed: crown diameter, crown projection area, and crown index. A total of 300 trees (5 treatments*3 replications*20 dominant trees from each plot) were subjected to the comparative analyses. This study revealed that thinning showed a stronger positive effect on diameter and volume growth of dominant trees in the plantation. Our results showed a gradual increase in diameter, basal area, and volume growth depending on the thinning intensity. An ANOVA test for growth analyses of dominant trees showed a significant difference in diameter (p < 0.0001) and height (p < 0.0001) growth performance following experimental felling with different thinning intensities. Finally we elaborated linear mixed effect models (LMM) for tree growth between 2016 and 2020 of selected dominant trees. With the help of the LMM we analyzed and described the thinning impact on DBH, BA, height, volume and crown diameter. The models confirmed that higher thinning intensity triggered growth of the response variables except for height. A greater height growth was found in very low (10%) and low (15%) intensity treatments. Due to reduction of competition and optimization of the distance between individuals, thinnings contributed to a relatively faster development of the tree crown in radial directions. Based on our analysis results and comparative graphs representing post-thinning dominant tree growth in diameter, height, basal area, and volume, we recommend medium- (30%) and high-intensity (45%) thinnings as at the beginning stage of plantation establishment.","PeriodicalId":51802,"journal":{"name":"Forest Science and Technology","volume":"62 1","pages":"135 - 143"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73633886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：