Coke and Chemistry最新文献

Scientific principles for the ozonolytic treatment of circulating water at coke plants using zinc ferrite as the catalyst are developed. On adding 0.1 g of zinc ferrite to 50 mL of a phenol solution (concentration 1 g/L), the rate of destruction is doubled, with an ozone flux of 2.5 g/h. In the ozonolysis of circulating water, the initial colloidal structure of the sample breaks down. The characteristic destruction rate of phenolic compounds is found to be higher for circulating water than for an aqueous solution of phenol. The effective rate constant of phenol destruction in circulating water increases on adding zinc ferrite, but by a smaller amount than in an aqueous solution of phenol. That is associated with the need to oxidize the other organic compounds forming phenols in the initial stages. The proposed approach may be regarded as a promising means of reducing the energy consumption in ozonolysis and hence permitting the use of ozonolysis in decreasing the concentration of organic pollutants in the circulating water prior to biochemical treatment.

The rectification of water–ammonia condensate obtained in the removal of ammonia from coke oven gas by a circulatory process is studied. In processing condensate containing acidic impurities (carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen cyanide) and organic components of coke oven gas, rectification conditions yielding liquid ammonia that is free of moisture and impurities are established.

The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) generated during the coking production process are complex in composition and fluctuate greatly in concentration. Moreover, the oxygen content of some gases varies significantly. Traditional single treatment methods have certain drawbacks and cannot achieve efficient and comprehensive treatment. This paper proposes a differential treatment process. The low-oxygen VOCs produced by tanks with better sealing are led to the negative pressure pipeline of the gas for resource utilization as supplementary fuel; the high-oxygen VOCs produced by tanks with poorer sealing are led to the regenerative thermal oxidation (RTO) system for combustion treatment. After implementing this process in a coking enterprise with an annual output of 1.3 million tons, the comprehensive removal rate of VOCs was ≥98%, reducing carbon emissions by 3200 tons, and the stability of the system operation was significantly improved. This technology provides a new path for efficient and low-carbon treatment of VOCs in the coking industry.

A line processing fuel pellets to produce pyrolytic gas is described. On the basis of thermal calculations, the possibility of using heat from gas combustion is assessed, and the possibility of delivering the gas to consumers is considered.

The growing scarcity of coking coal necessitates precise coal blending in the coking process. Using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) experiments, this study investigates the co-pyrolysis and co-gasification behavior of gas coal (GC), coking coal (CC), lean coal (LC), and their blends, and quantifies interactions via the deviation function method. Results demonstrate that increasing the proportion of low-rank coal significantly reduces the maximum pyrolysis rate temperature (T_max) of the coal blends. Kinetic analysis reveals that apparent activation energy decreases with increasing proportion of low-rank coal at the DTG peak. During the initial pyrolysis stage of coal blends at 200–380°C, synergistic effects arise from the catalytic release of bound water by minerals and the decomposition of carboxylic acids. Conversely, steric hindrance from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in high-rank coal induces antagonistic effects during the thermoplastic stage, impeding volatile release. Additionally, in gasification, the high reactivity of GC dominates the reaction process. At the same time, CaO in CC mediates CO₂ gasification through the CaCO₃ cycle, and LC’s elevated ash content inhibits active site release. This work elucidates pyrolysis patterns of coal blends at different temperatures and enables predictions for pyrolysis and coking processes.

In the coke ejection system serving the ovens in coke batteries 1, 3, 4, and 6 in the coke shop at Ural Steel, a manual winch mounted beside the main drive is used to remove the leveling rod from the coke oven in the event of drive failure. Two workers cannot complete this task in less than an hour. Replacement of the manual winch by an electromechanical winch is proposed to automate and speed up the extraction of the rod in the coke ejection system and to improve the reliability of the emergency rod-extraction mechanism. Modernization of the emergency extraction mechanism reduces unplanned downtime and the cost of coke; increases the profitability and coke output; and eliminates manual labor. The capital investment may be quickly earned back.

The main trends in Soviet and Russian research on the compaction of coal batch by stamping (stamp charging) are identified, beginning in the twentieth century. Factor analysis indicates two main topics: 1) the influence of stamped coal batch on the coke yield and strength; 2) detailed study of the influence of the batch’s packing density and moisture content on the pressure required and also the influence of the fractional composition of the coal and the batch, which, in turn, determines the effectiveness of stamping, the technical characteristics, and the properties of the stamped cake.

An indirect method is proposed for monitoring sources of unorganized atmospheric emissions at coke plants. The basis of the method is outlined, and a computational algorithm is developed. The objectivity of the results is demonstrated for an example. The principles of an environmental management program are outlined.

In recent years, the implementation of coke oven enclosure measures has been initiated to effectively collect and treat fugitive emissions from coke ovens. Currently, primary enclosure solutions mainly include fully-enclosed and semi-enclosed structural configurations. This study focuses on a fully-enclosed coke oven shed designed by a coking plant. By establishing a physical model, the research simulates the diffusion behavior of unburned dispersed raw gas inside the shed under specific conditions: a plant-wide power outage coupled with strong crosswinds, and a failure in the ignition of the vented gas. The simulation results are used to assess the safety of the internal environment within the large enclosure.

Mathematical modeling permits synchronous forecasting of the output of coking byproducts on the basis of four predictors (tar, benzene, ammonium sulfate, and coke oven gas), with simultaneous analysis of the proportion of ten coal ranks (G, GZhO, GZh, Zh, KZh, K, KO, KSN, KS, and OS) and nine chemical components of coal (moisture content, ash content, sulfur content, basicity of ash and coal, yield of volatiles in terms of dry mass and hot mass, plastic layer thickness, and mean vitrinite reflection coefficient). The goal of the present work is mathematical modeling of the output predictors (tar, benzene, ammonium sulfate, and coke oven gas) as a function of the lag period with zero inertia. The relation between the predictors and the Pearson correlation coefficient is determined, with sorting of the basic data set in terms of the covariation function. The relations between the covariation function and the Pearson correlation coefficient is plotted for the predictors. Correlations between the ratio of ten coal ranks and tar with a lag of 1–60 days and zero inertia are established, and the relation between a lag period of 1–60 days and the Pearson correlation coefficient with zero inertia is plotted for the given coal ranks. The results indicate that the physicochemical processes at the coke plant are complex. That imposes constraints on the development of the mathematical apparatus and the details of modeling for each rank of coal.