Abstract In this article I have the following goals: to enter the debate on what defines social psychology as a social science, arguing that it is the prominence conceded to a focus on agreed ‐ not natural ‐ limits to human action; to add to this debate a further distinction ‐ that between social facts and cultural/institutional facts ‐ together with a theorization of the later highlighting the relevance of attending to the (de)legitimization of institutions; to extract consequences of this position for social psychology; finally, to offer two cases illustrating and hopefully clarifying the set of theoretical arguments and concepts I used before: Sophocles' Antigone, and the EU debate on Natura 2000, both evidencing a tension between the legal and the legitimate. I conclude by suggesting that such a social psychology can work together with the social sciences to ask questions productive for extending our knowledge of the ecological and the political.
{"title":"In defence of social psychology attending to the institutional dimension: Potentialities for extending comprehension of the ecological and political","authors":"P. Castro","doi":"10.1386/pjss_00002_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/pjss_00002_1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this article I have the following goals: to enter the debate on what defines social psychology as a social science, arguing that it is the prominence conceded to a focus on agreed ‐ not natural ‐ limits to human action; to add to this debate a further\u0000 distinction ‐ that between social facts and cultural/institutional facts ‐ together with a theorization of the later highlighting the relevance of attending to the (de)legitimization of institutions; to extract consequences of this position for social psychology; finally, to\u0000 offer two cases illustrating and hopefully clarifying the set of theoretical arguments and concepts I used before: Sophocles' Antigone, and the EU debate on Natura 2000, both evidencing a tension between the legal and the legitimate. I conclude by suggesting that such a social psychology\u0000 can work together with the social sciences to ask questions productive for extending our knowledge of the ecological and the political.","PeriodicalId":51963,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Social Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49592662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This article aims to identify changes in the work situation among problematic drug users (PDU) clients of an international therapeutic community located in Portugal, after the completion of treatment. In this article, we analyse these changes on the assumption that entry to the labour market is essential for effective social reintegration. To achieve our aim, we carried out a pilot study with an analysis of the administrative records of a therapeutic community and then held telephone interviews with 63 former clients. Different work-related factors were compared, with special attention being paid to the changes registered. We concluded that, after treatment, although there was greater instability, educational qualifications and the number of PDU employees with an occupation increased. There was a decrease in factory workers and an increase in administrative functions. First jobs were obtained via a more formal channel, while the most recent ones were obtained on own initiative. This leads to the conclusion that after an initial period of greater difficulties the PDU participants in this study manage to gain higher autonomy and better integration into the labour market.
{"title":"Before and now: The labour situation of clients in a therapeutic community","authors":"S. Henriques, Pedro Candeias","doi":"10.1386/pjss_00006_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/pjss_00006_1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article aims to identify changes in the work situation among problematic drug users (PDU) clients of an international therapeutic community located in Portugal, after the completion of treatment. In this article, we analyse these changes on the assumption that\u0000 entry to the labour market is essential for effective social reintegration. To achieve our aim, we carried out a pilot study with an analysis of the administrative records of a therapeutic community and then held telephone interviews with 63 former clients. Different work-related factors were\u0000 compared, with special attention being paid to the changes registered. We concluded that, after treatment, although there was greater instability, educational qualifications and the number of PDU employees with an occupation increased. There was a decrease in factory workers and an increase\u0000 in administrative functions. First jobs were obtained via a more formal channel, while the most recent ones were obtained on own initiative. This leads to the conclusion that after an initial period of greater difficulties the PDU participants in this study manage to gain higher autonomy and\u0000 better integration into the labour market.","PeriodicalId":51963,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Social Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41301590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Chinese descendants’ professional pathways: Moving to new businesses?","authors":"Sofia Gaspar","doi":"10.1386/PJSS.18.1.91_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/PJSS.18.1.91_1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51963,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Social Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44028326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Strategies of integration, identity and belonging among Portuguese emigrant descendant returnees from France and Canada","authors":"J. Sardinha","doi":"10.1386/PJSS.18.1.73_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/PJSS.18.1.73_1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51963,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Social Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48518903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The (mis)education of African descendants in Portugal: Towards vocational traps?","authors":"P. Abrantes, Cristina Roldão","doi":"10.1386/PJSS.18.1.27_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/PJSS.18.1.27_1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51963,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Social Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47008523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"‘Lived and taught interculturality’: Reflections on conviviality relations and integration in educational environments in Spain (Granada) and Portugal (Lisbon)","authors":"B. Padilla, A. Alcaraz","doi":"10.1386/PJSS.18.1.109_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/PJSS.18.1.109_1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51963,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Social Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45155737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Descendants of immigrants in Portugal","authors":"Sofia Gaspar","doi":"10.1386/PJSS.18.1.3_2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/PJSS.18.1.3_2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51963,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Social Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1386/PJSS.18.1.3_2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49204529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Advantage in diversity: 9th grade pupils of mixed origin in Portugal","authors":"Sandra Mateus","doi":"10.1386/PJSS.18.1.57_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/PJSS.18.1.57_1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51963,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Social Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48134288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
It is relatively frequent within the social sciences, particularly the history of science, to recognize, with more or less focus, the role of institutionalization and professionalization processes in the development of science and technology. Differences between various scientific institutions are not yet sufficiently understood, including their profiles and the different historical contexts in which they have been created, reformed and/or recreated, which makes up different models and historical implications as regards the assumptions of national science policies. By studying comparative work in the history of the Portuguese science policy process the main purpose of this article is to understand, compare and differentiate the relevant national experiences related to different national science policies agencies, mainly across Europe and North America, during the twentieth century, but with particular focus on the inter-war period and afterwards.
{"title":"Revising the institutionalization of science policies: Historical contexts and competing models","authors":"Marie Rollo, T. Brandão, Maria Inês Queiroz","doi":"10.1386/PJSS.17.1.37_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/PJSS.17.1.37_1","url":null,"abstract":"It is relatively frequent within the social sciences, particularly the history of science, to recognize, with more or less focus, the role of institutionalization and professionalization processes in the development of science and technology. Differences between various scientific institutions are not yet sufficiently understood, including their profiles and the different historical contexts in which they have been created, reformed and/or recreated, which makes up different models and historical implications as regards the assumptions of national science policies. By studying comparative work in the history of the Portuguese science policy process the main purpose of this article is to understand, compare and differentiate the relevant national experiences related to different national science policies agencies, mainly across Europe and North America, during the twentieth century, but with particular focus on the inter-war period and afterwards.","PeriodicalId":51963,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Social Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48331038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The recent debt crisis has affected Southern European countries particularly severely. One of its most negative effects has been the high level of unemployment. The ageing of populations complicates the functioning of social security systems, particularly owing to an increase in financial commitments to pay pensions. This creates pressure for larger budget deficits that, in turn, increase public debt, thus worsening the crisis and also the unemployment rate. Nevertheless, population ageing can also operate favourably in reducing the unemployment rate. Here we discuss the effects of ageing on the aggregate measures of labour market performance and call attention to the frequently forgotten positive direct effect of a change in the age structure of a population. We exemplify this with data from the period when Portugal was in crisis, Portugal being one of the countries that was not only affected by the severe debt crisis but also has a high proportion of elderly individuals in the population. In addition, we research the relative performance of the different age groups in terms of their labour market experiences.
{"title":"Population ageing and the labour market during the recent crisis in Portugal","authors":"P. Albuquerque","doi":"10.1386/PJSS.17.1.105_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/PJSS.17.1.105_1","url":null,"abstract":"The recent debt crisis has affected Southern European countries particularly severely. One of its most negative effects has been the high level of unemployment. The ageing of populations complicates the functioning of social security systems, particularly owing to an increase in financial commitments to pay pensions. This creates pressure for larger budget deficits that, in turn, increase public debt, thus worsening the crisis and also the unemployment rate. Nevertheless, population ageing can also operate favourably in reducing the unemployment rate. Here we discuss the effects of ageing on the aggregate measures of labour market performance and call attention to the frequently forgotten positive direct effect of a change in the age structure of a population. We exemplify this with data from the period when Portugal was in crisis, Portugal being one of the countries that was not only affected by the severe debt crisis but also has a high proportion of elderly individuals in the population. In addition, we research the relative performance of the different age groups in terms of their labour market experiences.","PeriodicalId":51963,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Social Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45344794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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