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The Temple of Demeter Chthonia at Hermione 荷米恩的德墨忒耳神庙
IF 0.3 3区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.30549/opathrom-14-07
Jesper Blid, Baukje van den Berg
This paper presents the results of an architectural survey of the foundations of a Classical temple, presumably that of Demeter Chthonia, located inside the chief sanctuary of the ancient city of Hermione. It also studies ancient architectural members built into the walls of the Taxiarches Church situated on top of the temple foundations. By analysing these material remains and connecting them to the observations of 19th-century travellers to Kastri (Hermione), the paper draws conclusions about the original size and appearance of the Temple of Demeter Chthonia.
本文介绍了对一座古典神庙的基础进行建筑调查的结果,该神庙可能是位于赫敏古城主要圣殿内的德墨忒尔·克托尼亚神庙。它还研究了位于寺庙地基顶部的塔西拱门教堂墙壁上的古代建筑成员。通过分析这些遗迹,并将它们与19世纪前往卡斯特里(赫敏)的旅行者的观察联系起来,论文得出了关于德墨忒尔·克托尼亚神庙的原始大小和外观的结论。
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引用次数: 6
The death of infants in Early Iron Age Cyprus. A jar burial from Kition-Bamboula 早期铁器时代塞浦路斯婴儿的死亡。基蒂昂-班布拉的一个瓮葬
IF 0.3 3区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.30549/opathrom-14-13
S. Fourrier, A. Georgiadou, Bérénice Chamel, Nathalia Denninger, A. Gardeisen, Katerina Papayanni, T. Theodoropoulou
During recent excavations of the French Archaeological Mission at Kition-Bamboula, in modern day Larnaka, Cyprus, an infant jar burial was discovered. It was found under a floor layer in a domestic context, and is dated to the beginning of the Late Cypriot IIIB period (end of the 12th– early 11th century BC). This jar burial is part of a series which seems to be attested, at least in the present state of documentation, only in eastern Cyprus (Enkomi, Salamis and, on a lesser scale, Kition) during a period that spans the Late Bronze and Early Iron Age. The Kition-Bamboula jar burial is notable for its wealth (jewellery, vase offerings, and food deposit). This article proposes a detailed and multidisciplinary study of the burial, as well as a comprehensive consideration of the treatment of infants’ dead bodies in Early Iron Age Cyprus.
在最近的法国考古使团在Kition-Bamboula的发掘中,在今天的塞浦路斯拉纳卡,发现了一个婴儿瓮葬。它是在一个家庭背景下的地板层下发现的,可以追溯到塞浦路斯晚期IIIB时期(公元前12世纪末至公元前11世纪初)的开始。这个罐子埋葬是一系列似乎被证实的埋葬的一部分,至少在目前的文件状态下,只有在塞浦路斯东部(恩科米,萨拉米斯和较小规模的凯提翁),时间跨越青铜时代晚期和铁器时代早期。Kition-Bamboula罐葬以其财富(珠宝、花瓶供品和食物储备)而闻名。这篇文章提出了一个详细的和多学科的研究埋葬,以及一个全面的考虑在早期铁器时代塞浦路斯婴儿尸体的处理。
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引用次数: 1
Review of J. Siapkas, Från Olympia till Leonidas, 2018 J. Siapkas,《奥林匹亚至列奥尼达》,2018
IF 0.3 3区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-11-02 DOI: 10.30549/opathrom-13-10
Troels Myrup Kristensen
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引用次数: 0
Front matter 前页
IF 0.3 3区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-11-02 DOI: 10.30549/opathrom-13-01
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引用次数: 0
Religion and family politics in Hellenistic Kalaureia. Three new inscriptions from the sanctuary of Poseidon 希腊化卡劳莱亚的宗教与家庭政治。波塞冬神庙的三个新铭文
IF 0.3 3区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-11-02 DOI: 10.30549/opathrom-13-06
N. Papazarkadas, Jenny Wallensten
This article presents three unpublished Hellenistic inscriptions from the sanctuary of Poseidon in Kalaureia (modern Poros): two found during archaeological excavations on the site and one recorded in a letter that was once part of Ioannis Kapodistrias’ official correspondence. All three inscriptions were dedicatory and carved on bases supporting portrait statues. Interestingly, they were offered to Poseidon by members of a single family already known from other documents in the Kalaureian epigraphic corpus. Remarkably, eight out of the 18 inscriptions discovered in Kalaureia make repeated references to men and women of this very family, which appears to have materially dominated Poseidon’s temenos and its environs during the 3rd and 2nd centuries BC through the careful placement of portraits of its members. Most of these statues were conspicuously placed by the entrance to the sanctuary, though at least one of them was erected inside of the god’s temple. In our article, we present in detail the three new inscriptions, one of them an epigram, and attempt an analysis of the religious behaviour of this prominent local family against the background of contemporary sociopolitical developments.
本文介绍了卡拉雷里亚(今波罗斯)海神波塞冬神庙的三篇未发表的希腊文碑文:其中两篇是在考古发掘中发现的,另一篇记录在一封曾经是Ioannis Kapodistrias官方信件的信中。这三个铭文都是专门雕刻在支撑肖像雕像的基座上的。有趣的是,它们是由一个家族的成员提供给波塞冬的,这个家族的成员已经从卡劳瑞亚铭文语料库的其他文件中知道了。值得注意的是,在卡劳雷利亚发现的18个铭文中,有8个重复提到了这个家族的男人和女人,在公元前3世纪和2世纪,这个家族似乎在物质上主导了波塞冬的temenos及其周围地区,通过精心放置其成员的肖像。这些雕像大多被显眼地放置在圣殿的入口处,尽管其中至少有一个是在神的寺庙内竖立的。在我们的文章中,我们详细介绍了三个新的铭文,其中一个是警句,并试图在当代社会政治发展的背景下分析这个著名的当地家庭的宗教行为。
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引用次数: 1
Bioarchaeological field analysis of human remains from the mass graves at Phaleron, Greece. With an introduction by Stella Chryssoulaki and an appendix by Anna Linderholm, Anna Kjellström, Vendela Kempe Lagerholm, & Maja Krzewińska 希腊法勒隆万人坑中人类遗骸的生物考古现场分析。Stella Chryssoulaki的介绍和Anna Linderholm的附录,Anna Kjellström, Vendela Kempe Lagerholm和Maja Krzewińska
IF 0.3 3区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.30549/opathrom-12-02
A. Ingvarsson, Ylva Bäckström, Stella Chryssoulaki, Anna Linderholm, A. Kjellström, Vendela Kempe Lagerholm, Maja Krzewińska
In 2016, archaeological excavations undertaken by the Ephorate of Antiquities of West Attica, Piraeus and Islands 3.8 km south-west of Athens, Greece, revealed mass burials of 79 skeletons in three rows. The burials are dated to the 7th century BC. The anthropological field documentation was undertaken by The Swedish Institute of Athens, and followed established bioarchaeological protocols regarding taphonomic processes, age, sex, injuries, and pathological changes. The descriptions and interpretations should be regarded as preliminary field observations. A majority of the individuals were young adult or juvenile males, most of them without signs of active disease and with a generally good oral health status, but with corroded iron shackles around their wrists. Cause of death could not be determined although extensive and likely perimortem fractures were observed. The only object related to injury and/or possible cause of death was an arrowhead found in the chest of one of the skeletons. Why and where the individuals were killed is a matter of conjecture; the observations from the field documentation neither validate, nor disprove the hypothesis that these individuals were captives and victims of the so-called “Cylonian conspiracy” in the 7th century BC.
2016年,希腊雅典西南3.8公里处的西阿提卡、比雷埃夫斯和岛屿古物管理局进行了考古发掘,发现了三排79具骷髅的大规模埋葬。这些墓葬可以追溯到公元前7世纪。人类学现场文献是由瑞典雅典研究所进行的,并遵循关于地貌学过程、年龄、性别、损伤和病理变化的既定生物考古学协议。这些描述和解释应被视为初步的实地观察。大多数人是年轻的成年男子或少年男子,其中大多数人没有活动性疾病的迹象,口腔健康状况总体良好,但手腕上戴着腐蚀的铁镣。死亡原因无法确定,但观察到广泛且可能是死前骨折。唯一与受伤和/或可能的死因有关的物品是在其中一具骷髅的胸部发现的一个箭头。这些人被杀的原因和地点是一个猜测问题;实地记录的观察结果既没有证实也没有反驳这些人是公元前7世纪所谓的“赛隆阴谋”的俘虏和受害者的假设。
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引用次数: 4
Dissertation abstracts 2018–2019 论文摘要2018-2019
IF 0.3 3区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.30549/opathrom-12-15
T. T. Makeeff, Lewis Webb, I. Selsvold, Otto H. Linderborg, Antonios Pontoropoulos
This dissertation investigates the reception of ancient Greek religion (and to some extent also renaissance Platonism) among contemporary Pagans in Greece—a phenomenon the author refers to as contemporary Hellenic polytheism. The study looks at how and why historical narratives and notions of Hellenicity are constructed by contemporary Hellenic polytheists. Furthermore it describes the contemporary Hellenic landscape, introducing more than ten religious commu-nities in Greece, which have not been studied previously, and provides an overview of the most central ideas and practices of contemporary Hellenic polytheists. The author describes contemporary Hellenic polytheist rituals and discusses how, and why, they are designed and performed. analyses author that
本文研究了当代希腊异教徒对古希腊宗教(在某种程度上也包括文艺复兴时期的柏拉图主义)的接受情况,作者将这种现象称为当代希腊多神教。该研究着眼于当代希腊多神教徒如何以及为什么构建希腊化的历史叙述和概念。此外,它还描述了当代希腊的景观,介绍了希腊十多个以前没有研究过的宗教团体,并提供了当代希腊多神教徒最核心的思想和实践的概述。作者描述了当代希腊的多神教仪式,并讨论了他们是如何设计和执行的,以及为什么要这样做。分析作者
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引用次数: 0
Palaepaphos-Skales Tomb 277. More prestigious burials. With an appendix by Maria A. Socratous palaaphos - skales墓277。更有声望的葬礼。还有玛丽亚·a·苏格拉底的阑尾
IF 0.3 3区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.30549/opathrom-12-11
V. Karageorghis, Efstathios Raptou
Tomb 277 in the Skales cemetery at Palaepaphos, excavated by the Cyprus Department of Antiquities, is among the richest ever found in the south-west of the island. It dates to the Cypro-Geometric III period (c. 900–750 BC) and was used for multiple burials of important members of the Palaepaphian society, namely warriors and important women (priestesses of the Great Goddess?) judging from the abundant offerings of arms and armour as well as gold jewellery respectively (including gold plaques embossed with the head of the Egyptian goddess Hathor). Notable among the offerings are two bronze basins, six small hemispherical bronze bowls, two bronze mace-heads (symbols of authority), a bronze shield of a rare type, and two richly decorated belts of oriental type. We also mention two iron swords and a bronze spearhead. Among the pottery we note the high percentage of Phoenician imports. Both inhumations and a cremation burial were observed in the tomb.
位于Palaepaphos的Skales墓地的277号墓由塞浦路斯文物部发掘,是该岛西南部发现的最富有的古墓之一。它的历史可以追溯到Cypro-Geometric III时期(公元前900-750年),从大量的武器、盔甲和黄金首饰(包括浮雕着埃及女神哈托尔头像的金饰)来看,它被用于多次埋葬Palaepaphian社会的重要成员,即战士和重要女性(伟大女神的女祭司?)其中值得注意的是两个青铜盆,六个小的半球形青铜碗,两个青铜权杖头(权威的象征),一个稀有类型的青铜盾牌,以及两条装饰华丽的东方腰带。我们还提到了两把铁剑和一个青铜矛头。在陶器中,我们注意到腓尼基进口的比例很高。在墓中进行了土葬和火葬。
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引用次数: 4
Trees and shrubs in the sanctuary. Wood charcoal analysis at the Sanctuary of Poseidon at Kalaureia, Poros 保护区里的树木和灌木。波罗斯卡劳赖亚波塞冬神庙的木炭分析
IF 0.3 3区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.30549/opathrom-12-08
M. Ntinou
Wood charcoal analysis at the Sanctuary of Poseidon at Kalaureia, Poros aims to provide information on the vegetation of the area and its management and on the range of plants used in the activities taking place at the sanctuary. During the excavations of 2003–2005 in Areas D and C, systematic samples from fills and features from all the excavated strata were recovered and water flotation was used for the separation of wood charcoal from the sediment. Wood charcoal was found in two pits dated to the Early Iron Age, near the supposed altar of the Archaic period (Feature 05), in a deposit of the Hellenistic period (the “dining deposit”), in floor deposits (Early Iron Age and Late Classical/Early Hellenistic periods), and fills of different chrono-cultural periods (Archaic–Early Roman). All the taxa identified in the wood charcoal assemblages are thermophilous Mediterranean elements, most of them evergreen broad-leaved. The assemblages show that the most frequent taxon is the olive, followed by the prickly oak, the Fabaceae, and the heather. In most assemblages mock privet/buckthorn, strawberry tree, the pear and Prunus family species are present, while Aleppo pine, lentisc, the fig, and the carob trees are less frequent. Olive cultivation was an important economic activity during the whole life of the sanctuary and probably olive pruning constantly provided the sanctuary with fuel. The woodland would be the additional source of firewood for the sanctuary’s needs for fuel for mundane activities such as heating and cooking, for more formal ones, such as sacrifice, but also for industrial activities such as tile firing. Activities related to the reorganization of space and the expansion of the sanctuary may be reflected in charcoal of carpentry by-products as the fir, cypress, and maybe pine remains.
波罗斯在Kalaureia的波塞冬保护区进行木材木炭分析,旨在提供有关该地区植被及其管理的信息,以及在保护区进行的活动中使用的植物范围。在D区和C区2003-2005年的挖掘过程中,对所有挖掘地层的填充物和地物进行了系统的回收,并采用水浮选法从沉积物中分离木炭。在两个坑中发现了木炭,可以追溯到早期铁器时代,靠近古代时期的祭坛(特征05),在希腊化时期的沉积物中(“用餐沉积物”),在地板沉积物中(早期铁器时代和晚期古典/早期希腊化时期),以及不同年代文化时期的填充物中(古代-早期罗马)。在木炭组合中发现的所有分类群都是地中海热元素,其中大多数是常绿阔叶植物。这些组合表明,最常见的分类群是橄榄,其次是多刺橡树、豆科和石南。在大多数组合中,模拟女贞/沙棘,草莓树,梨和李子家族物种存在,而阿勒颇松,扁豆树,无花果和角豆树较少出现。橄榄种植在圣所的整个生命周期中都是一项重要的经济活动,可能是橄榄修剪不断地为圣所提供燃料。林地将成为保护区额外的柴火来源,用于日常活动,如取暖和烹饪,更正式的活动,如祭祀,以及工业活动,如烧瓦。与空间重组和保护区扩张相关的活动可能反映在木材副产品的木炭上,如冷杉、柏树和松树。
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引用次数: 12
Animals in the sanctuary. Mammal and fish bones from Areas D and C at the Sanctuary of Poseidon at Kalaureia. With an appendix by Adam Boethius 保护区里的动物。卡劳雷亚波塞冬神庙D区和C区发现的哺乳动物和鱼骨。还有亚当·波伊提乌的附录
IF 0.3 3区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.30549/opathrom-12-04
D. Mylona, Adam Boethius
During the excavations at the Sanctuary of Poseidon at Kalaureia an extensive archaeo-environmental programme was implemented, resulting in the collection and analysis of a wide range of animal remains. This paper presents the mammal and fish remains in detail and offers interpretations which take into account the archaeology of the site, other types of finds, as well as the discourse on animals in cult. The material is examined in terms of chronological phases and of particular features within them in an attempt, common in all types of analysis within the Kalaureia Excavation Program, to link the material remains to human actions, placing emphasis on the materiality of cult. The degree of analysis and interpretation detail varies among different occupational phases of the sanctuary, because of the greatly uneven preservation and quantity of animal remains. In certain cases of disturbed deposits and poor preservation, such as the bones from the Archaic and Classical strata, the analysis is left open-ended and the interpretation is pending, in view of subsequent studies that will include contemporary material from other locations within the sanctuary. In other instances, however, where closed or well-defined deposits are available, detailed analysis of the zooarchaeological data was possible and meaningful.
在Kalaureia波塞冬神庙的发掘过程中,实施了一项广泛的考古环境方案,收集和分析了各种各样的动物遗骸。本文详细介绍了哺乳动物和鱼类遗骸,并提供了考虑到遗址考古,其他类型的发现以及动物崇拜话语的解释。这些材料是根据年代阶段和其中的特殊特征进行检查的,这在卡劳赖亚挖掘计划的所有类型的分析中都很常见,旨在将这些材料与人类活动联系起来,强调邪教的物质性。由于动物遗骸的保存和数量极不均匀,分析和解释细节的程度在保护区的不同占领阶段有所不同。在某些受干扰的沉积物和保存不良的情况下,例如来自古代和古典地层的骨头,分析是开放的,解释是待定的,因为随后的研究将包括来自圣所其他地点的当代材料。然而,在其他情况下,如果有封闭或明确的沉积物,对动物考古数据进行详细分析是可能的,也是有意义的。
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引用次数: 13
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Opuscula-Annual of the Swedish Institutes at Athens and Rome
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