Pub Date : 2020-11-27DOI: 10.31211/rpics.2020.6.2.180
Patrícia Semião, Sara Oliveira, Cláudia Ferreira
Objectives: The present study aimed to explore orthoretic behaviors (an attitudinal and behavioral style that reflects an intense and persistent concern with healthy foods consumption) as a possible risk factor for developing disordered eating and binge eating behaviors. In Study 1, differences between moderate/severe levels and lower levels of orthoretic behaviors were tested concerning experiences of shame (general and body-image focused) and disordered eating indicators (general and binge eating). In Study 2, a theoretical model was tested in which it was hypothesized the association between orthoretic behaviors, general shame, and body-image as risk factors for disordered eating and binge eating in women from the general population. Method: The sample consisted of 307 women from the general population, aged between 18 and 63 years old (M = 33,62; DP = 11,73), who responded to an online protocol with a set of self-report measures of orthoretic behaviors, general and body-image shame, disordered eating and binge eating. Results: Participants with moderate/severe levels of orthoretic behaviors revealed significantly higher levels of general shame, body-image shame, disordered eating, and binge eating when compared to participants with lower levels of orthoretic behaviors. The path analysis results indicated that orthoretic behaviors, general shame, and body-image shame explain 51.0% of the variance of disordered eating and 47.0% of binge eating variance. Conclusions: The present study suggests orthoretic behaviors as a possible risk factor for Eating Disorders' development. The present study's data is important for clinical purposes, showing that orthoretic behaviors seem to contribute to greater severity of disordered eating, both restrictive and binge eating types, despite being considered socially acceptable behaviors associated with general experiences and body-image shame.
{"title":"Comportamentos ortoréticos e experiências de vergonha: A sua relação e impacto no comportamento alimentar perturbado","authors":"Patrícia Semião, Sara Oliveira, Cláudia Ferreira","doi":"10.31211/rpics.2020.6.2.180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31211/rpics.2020.6.2.180","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The present study aimed to explore orthoretic behaviors (an attitudinal and behavioral style that reflects an intense and persistent concern with healthy foods consumption) as a possible risk factor for developing disordered eating and binge eating behaviors. In Study 1, differences between moderate/severe levels and lower levels of orthoretic behaviors were tested concerning experiences of shame (general and body-image focused) and disordered eating indicators (general and binge eating). In Study 2, a theoretical model was tested in which it was hypothesized the association between orthoretic behaviors, general shame, and body-image as risk factors for disordered eating and binge eating in women from the general population. Method: The sample consisted of 307 women from the general population, aged between 18 and 63 years old (M = 33,62; DP = 11,73), who responded to an online protocol with a set of self-report measures of orthoretic behaviors, general and body-image shame, disordered eating and binge eating. Results: Participants with moderate/severe levels of orthoretic behaviors revealed significantly higher levels of general shame, body-image shame, disordered eating, and binge eating when compared to participants with lower levels of orthoretic behaviors. The path analysis results indicated that orthoretic behaviors, general shame, and body-image shame explain 51.0% of the variance of disordered eating and 47.0% of binge eating variance. Conclusions: The present study suggests orthoretic behaviors as a possible risk factor for Eating Disorders' development. The present study's data is important for clinical purposes, showing that orthoretic behaviors seem to contribute to greater severity of disordered eating, both restrictive and binge eating types, despite being considered socially acceptable behaviors associated with general experiences and body-image shame.","PeriodicalId":52016,"journal":{"name":"Revista Portuguesa de Investigacao Comportamental e Social","volume":"6 1","pages":"39-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48523831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-27DOI: 10.31211/rpics.2020.6.2.184
L. Loureiro, Amorim Rosa, Marina Frajuca, S. Cunha, Susana Correia, T. Morgado, Luciano J. Costa
Objective: The present study aims to evaluate the contribution in terms of the Mental Health First Aid program's effectiveness in mental health literacy about depression, based on a sample of nursing students when entering and integrating into the course. Method: A pre-experimental design with a single group design, pre- and post-intervention assessment was used. The program lasted one day (9 hours). The study sample consisted of 100 students from the 1st year of the Nursing course (in the integration to the course), having been selected in a simple random way using the software random.org. The average age was 18.54 years (SD = 2.00 years). For data collection, we used the Mental Health Literacy Assessment Questionnaire, applied to depression, the short version of the Beliefs about Mental Illnesses Inventory, and the Personal Stigma Assessment Scale. We calculated summary statistics, McNemar and Student's t-tests for paired groups, and measures of effect size, the g, and d, respectively. Results: An increase in mental health literacy was observed with the recognition of depression and communication strategies for providing first aid (p < .05), specifically in the adequacy and usefulness of valuing symptoms and not expressing judgments, as well as a reduction in stigmatizing attitudes about disorders and patients (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Despite the limitations related to the design used, namely the lack of a control group, the results indicate that the frequency of the program contributes to increase mental health literacy about depression and reduce the stigma associated with mental health problems.
{"title":"Primeira Ajuda em Saúde Mental: Contributo do programa para o incremento da literacia em saúde mental dos estudantes do ensino superior","authors":"L. Loureiro, Amorim Rosa, Marina Frajuca, S. Cunha, Susana Correia, T. Morgado, Luciano J. Costa","doi":"10.31211/rpics.2020.6.2.184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31211/rpics.2020.6.2.184","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The present study aims to evaluate the contribution in terms of the Mental Health First Aid program's effectiveness in mental health literacy about depression, based on a sample of nursing students when entering and integrating into the course. Method: A pre-experimental design with a single group design, pre- and post-intervention assessment was used. The program lasted one day (9 hours). The study sample consisted of 100 students from the 1st year of the Nursing course (in the integration to the course), having been selected in a simple random way using the software random.org. The average age was 18.54 years (SD = 2.00 years). For data collection, we used the Mental Health Literacy Assessment Questionnaire, applied to depression, the short version of the Beliefs about Mental Illnesses Inventory, and the Personal Stigma Assessment Scale. We calculated summary statistics, McNemar and Student's t-tests for paired groups, and measures of effect size, the g, and d, respectively. Results: An increase in mental health literacy was observed with the recognition of depression and communication strategies for providing first aid (p < .05), specifically in the adequacy and usefulness of valuing symptoms and not expressing judgments, as well as a reduction in stigmatizing attitudes about disorders and patients (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Despite the limitations related to the design used, namely the lack of a control group, the results indicate that the frequency of the program contributes to increase mental health literacy about depression and reduce the stigma associated with mental health problems.","PeriodicalId":52016,"journal":{"name":"Revista Portuguesa de Investigacao Comportamental e Social","volume":"6 1","pages":"24-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69633510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-27DOI: 10.31211/rpics.2020.6.2.185
Marlene Ferreira, A. Pereira, A. Prior, C. Fonte
Background and Aim: Positive psychotherapy is conceptually based on the scientific study of positive emotions, positive individual traits, and strengths. The goal is to help people learn that they can grow due to their experiences, even if the experience is traumatic. It is a psychotherapeutic method that focuses on building positive emotions, strengths, and meaning in individuals' lives to decrease and prevent psychopathology and promote happiness. As an assessment tool, the Positive Psychotherapy Inventory (PPTI) offers mental health professionals the opportunity to see the therapeutic process's results. The present study's objective is to know the psychometric qualities of the PPTI in a Portuguese sample. Method: This is a methodological study of an exploratory and descriptive character, which aims at translation-retroversion and analysis of psychometric properties (fidelity and validity) using the administration of the PPTI, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales – 21 items, and Mental Health Continuum – Short Form. The sample consisted of 247 participants between 18 and 69 years old. Results: The translated and adapted version of the scale met the criteria of semantic equivalence and had a high level of internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.97), high values of correlation between forms (r = .92), as well as a high correlation of the item with the test total. The inventory consisted of 25 items and was explained by three factors, meeting the convergent and divergent validity criteria. Conclusions: The preliminary PPTI study showed good psychometric qualities. It is suggested enlarging the sample to support the results obtained.
{"title":"Estudo preliminar de adaptação e validação do Inventário de Psicoterapia Positiva numa Amostra da População Portuguesa","authors":"Marlene Ferreira, A. Pereira, A. Prior, C. Fonte","doi":"10.31211/rpics.2020.6.2.185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31211/rpics.2020.6.2.185","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aim: Positive psychotherapy is conceptually based on the scientific study of positive emotions, positive individual traits, and strengths. The goal is to help people learn that they can grow due to their experiences, even if the experience is traumatic. It is a psychotherapeutic method that focuses on building positive emotions, strengths, and meaning in individuals' lives to decrease and prevent psychopathology and promote happiness. As an assessment tool, the Positive Psychotherapy Inventory (PPTI) offers mental health professionals the opportunity to see the therapeutic process's results. The present study's objective is to know the psychometric qualities of the PPTI in a Portuguese sample. Method: This is a methodological study of an exploratory and descriptive character, which aims at translation-retroversion and analysis of psychometric properties (fidelity and validity) using the administration of the PPTI, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales – 21 items, and Mental Health Continuum – Short Form. The sample consisted of 247 participants between 18 and 69 years old. Results: The translated and adapted version of the scale met the criteria of semantic equivalence and had a high level of internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.97), high values of correlation between forms (r = .92), as well as a high correlation of the item with the test total. The inventory consisted of 25 items and was explained by three factors, meeting the convergent and divergent validity criteria. Conclusions: The preliminary PPTI study showed good psychometric qualities. It is suggested enlarging the sample to support the results obtained.","PeriodicalId":52016,"journal":{"name":"Revista Portuguesa de Investigacao Comportamental e Social","volume":"6 1","pages":"12-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69633551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-27DOI: 10.31211/rpics.2020.2.2.179
T. Morgado, L. Loureiro, Maria Antónia Rebelo Botelho
Objective: To present the translation and cross-cultural adaptation of a social anxiety vignette in adolescents into European Portuguese and the consequent integration in the Mental Health Literacy Assessment Questionnaire — QuALiSMental. Method: A methodological study of translation and cross-cultural adaptation of a social anxiety vignette in adolescents into European Portuguese was carried out, according to the stages: 1) translation; 2) synthesis of translations; 3) back-translation; 4) synthesis of back-translations; 5) panel of experts with eight professionals from different areas of health; 5) cognitive debriefing integrating six adolescents with an average age of 14.33 years (SD = 0.52); 6) review and final report. Throughout this process, we have taken into account the ethical considerations. Results: A vignette of social anxiety was obtained in the teenagers “Joao” and “Joana” in the European Portuguese. We highlight the results related to the stages: the panel of experts and cognitive debriefing. Consensus criteria were obtained among experts for semantic and idiomatic equivalence, experiential and cultural equivalence, and conceptual equivalence. In the cognitive debriefing, a 100% agreement was found regarding the clarity of the vignette's content in European Portuguese. Conclusions: This vignette can be used in clinical practice at different levels of care, education/training, and research. Integrated with QuALiSMental allows the assessment of mental health literacy on anxiety in adolescents in different contexts and/or assessments of psychoeducational interventions' effectiveness in this area.
{"title":"A utilização de vinhetas na saúde mental: Tradução e adaptação transcultural de uma vinheta de ansiedade social em adolescentes","authors":"T. Morgado, L. Loureiro, Maria Antónia Rebelo Botelho","doi":"10.31211/rpics.2020.2.2.179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31211/rpics.2020.2.2.179","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To present the translation and cross-cultural adaptation of a social anxiety vignette in adolescents into European Portuguese and the consequent integration in the Mental Health Literacy Assessment Questionnaire — QuALiSMental. Method: A methodological study of translation and cross-cultural adaptation of a social anxiety vignette in adolescents into European Portuguese was carried out, according to the stages: 1) translation; 2) synthesis of translations; 3) back-translation; 4) synthesis of back-translations; 5) panel of experts with eight professionals from different areas of health; 5) cognitive debriefing integrating six adolescents with an average age of 14.33 years (SD = 0.52); 6) review and final report. Throughout this process, we have taken into account the ethical considerations. Results: A vignette of social anxiety was obtained in the teenagers “Joao” and “Joana” in the European Portuguese. We highlight the results related to the stages: the panel of experts and cognitive debriefing. Consensus criteria were obtained among experts for semantic and idiomatic equivalence, experiential and cultural equivalence, and conceptual equivalence. In the cognitive debriefing, a 100% agreement was found regarding the clarity of the vignette's content in European Portuguese. Conclusions: This vignette can be used in clinical practice at different levels of care, education/training, and research. Integrated with QuALiSMental allows the assessment of mental health literacy on anxiety in adolescents in different contexts and/or assessments of psychoeducational interventions' effectiveness in this area.","PeriodicalId":52016,"journal":{"name":"Revista Portuguesa de Investigacao Comportamental e Social","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48171677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-30DOI: 10.31211/rpics.2020.6.1.166
I. Massano-Cardoso, F. Daniel, Vítor Rodrigues, A. Galhardo
Objective: The current study assessed depressive symptoms in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients and explored whether these symptoms were associated with glycemic control. Methods: A cross-sectional design was used. Patients attending diabetes consultations participated in the study (N = 347). Participants completed the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and glycemic control was based on A1C criteria. Results: The mean score on the BDI, for either T1DM or T2DM, was not clinically significant and was not associated with diagnosis duration. The association between depression and glycemic control was significant in both DM types. T2DM participants presenting more depressive symptoms were those with greater glycemic control. T1DM and T2DM differences regarding depressive symptoms were in somatic symptoms. Conclusions: In T2DM depressive symptoms may be confounded with DM physical consequences. There is also the possibility that negative mood plays a mediating role in mobilizing survival strategies that promote glycemic control. Furthermore, the assessment of depressive symptomatology in patients with diabetes could benefit from the availability of a disease-specific measure.
{"title":"Depressive symptoms in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and its relationship with glycemic control","authors":"I. Massano-Cardoso, F. Daniel, Vítor Rodrigues, A. Galhardo","doi":"10.31211/rpics.2020.6.1.166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31211/rpics.2020.6.1.166","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The current study assessed depressive symptoms in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients and explored whether these symptoms were associated with glycemic control. Methods: A cross-sectional design was used. Patients attending diabetes consultations participated in the study (N = 347). Participants completed the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and glycemic control was based on A1C criteria. Results: The mean score on the BDI, for either T1DM or T2DM, was not clinically significant and was not associated with diagnosis duration. The association between depression and glycemic control was significant in both DM types. T2DM participants presenting more depressive symptoms were those with greater glycemic control. T1DM and T2DM differences regarding depressive symptoms were in somatic symptoms. Conclusions: In T2DM depressive symptoms may be confounded with DM physical consequences. There is also the possibility that negative mood plays a mediating role in mobilizing survival strategies that promote glycemic control. Furthermore, the assessment of depressive symptomatology in patients with diabetes could benefit from the availability of a disease-specific measure.","PeriodicalId":52016,"journal":{"name":"Revista Portuguesa de Investigacao Comportamental e Social","volume":"6 1","pages":"40–49-40–49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69633324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-30DOI: 10.31211/rpics.2020.6.1.172
R. Crispim
Objetivo: Esta investigação tem como objetivo trazer uma reflexão sobre as várias expressões da(s) velhice(s), associadas à participação ativa das pessoas idosas em Estruturas Residenciais para Idosos (ERPI) e no seu projeto de vida. Método: A amostra envolveu 12 pessoas idosas e cinco assistentes sociais que residiam e exerciam a prática profissional em ERPI, respetivamente. O protocolo foi composto por questionário sociodemográfico e entrevistas em profundidade (semiestruturada), prosseguindo uma abordagem qualitativa (análise de conteúdo). Resultados: A amostra de pessoas idosas constitui-se maioritariamente por “idosos muito idosos” (> 85 anos). A participação nos processos decisórios em ERPI tenderam a inclinar-se para a renúncia voluntária das pessoas idosas em contribuir para as decisões alocadas às dinâmicas/estratégias institucionais. Na posição adotada pelas ERPI, ainda que estas assumam um padrão diretivo associado ao cuidado, começam a surgir disposições que apresentam um carácter mais inovador (e.g., comissões de idosos, biblioterapia, tertúlias), convergindo com as abordagens atuais do envelhecimento ativo, em que as pessoas idosas são reconhecidas como um coletivo heterogéneo. Este facto encontra paralelo com a expressão da satisfação dos seniores, advinda da oportunidade que lhes é dada de exercerem quotidianamente a sua cidadania. Conclusões: O cuidado institucional tende a privilegiar uma abordagem holística no entendimento da(s) velhice(s). Estas alterações, ainda que assumam um ritmo lento e monótono, fazem emergir abordagens operativas capazes de privilegiar o capital de conhecimento e sabedoria das pessoas idosas implicando-as ativamente nos processos decisórios em contextos residenciais coletivos, associadas aos movimentos contemporâneos do envelhecimento ativo.
{"title":"Velhice(s) e participação em estruturas residenciais para idosos percecionadas por pessoas idosas e assistentes sociais: um estudo qualitativo","authors":"R. Crispim","doi":"10.31211/rpics.2020.6.1.172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31211/rpics.2020.6.1.172","url":null,"abstract":"Objetivo: Esta investigação tem como objetivo trazer uma reflexão sobre as várias expressões da(s) velhice(s), associadas à participação ativa das pessoas idosas em Estruturas Residenciais para Idosos (ERPI) e no seu projeto de vida. Método: A amostra envolveu 12 pessoas idosas e cinco assistentes sociais que residiam e exerciam a prática profissional em ERPI, respetivamente. O protocolo foi composto por questionário sociodemográfico e entrevistas em profundidade (semiestruturada), prosseguindo uma abordagem qualitativa (análise de conteúdo). Resultados: A amostra de pessoas idosas constitui-se maioritariamente por “idosos muito idosos” (> 85 anos). A participação nos processos decisórios em ERPI tenderam a inclinar-se para a renúncia voluntária das pessoas idosas em contribuir para as decisões alocadas às dinâmicas/estratégias institucionais. Na posição adotada pelas ERPI, ainda que estas assumam um padrão diretivo associado ao cuidado, começam a surgir disposições que apresentam um carácter mais inovador (e.g., comissões de idosos, biblioterapia, tertúlias), convergindo com as abordagens atuais do envelhecimento ativo, em que as pessoas idosas são reconhecidas como um coletivo heterogéneo. Este facto encontra paralelo com a expressão da satisfação dos seniores, advinda da oportunidade que lhes é dada de exercerem quotidianamente a sua cidadania. Conclusões: O cuidado institucional tende a privilegiar uma abordagem holística no entendimento da(s) velhice(s). Estas alterações, ainda que assumam um ritmo lento e monótono, fazem emergir abordagens operativas capazes de privilegiar o capital de conhecimento e sabedoria das pessoas idosas implicando-as ativamente nos processos decisórios em contextos residenciais coletivos, associadas aos movimentos contemporâneos do envelhecimento ativo.","PeriodicalId":52016,"journal":{"name":"Revista Portuguesa de Investigacao Comportamental e Social","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69633466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-29DOI: 10.31211/rpics.2020.6.1.161
D. R. Marques
[This paper has no abstract. First 111 words are shown] Chronic insomnia disorder (CID) is a highly prevalent sleep disorder and a public health problem (Riemann et al., 2017). It is well recognized as a subjective disorder. Subjective because the diagnosis is fundamentally based on the self-report/complaints of the patients and in the clinical assessment of the sleep expert through a systematic clinical interview – which is the standard method (gold standard) for establishing a diagnosis of CID (Marques et al., 2018). On the contrary, the diagnosis of other sleep disorders demands the so-called objective measures such as polysomnography (PSG) (Riemann et al., 2017). We cannot forget that being CID a subjective disorder, it is important to be exhaustive in clinical assessment.
这篇论文没有摘要。慢性失眠症(CID)是一种非常普遍的睡眠障碍和公共卫生问题(Riemann et al.， 2017)。它被公认为是一种主观障碍。主观是因为诊断基本上是基于患者的自我报告/抱怨，以及睡眠专家通过系统的临床访谈进行的临床评估——这是建立CID诊断的标准方法(金标准)(Marques et al.， 2018)。相反，其他睡眠障碍的诊断需要所谓的客观测量，如多导睡眠图(PSG) (Riemann et al.， 2017)。我们不能忘记，CID是一种主观障碍，重要的是在临床评估详尽。
{"title":"Self-report measures as complementary exams in the diagnosis of insomnia","authors":"D. R. Marques","doi":"10.31211/rpics.2020.6.1.161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31211/rpics.2020.6.1.161","url":null,"abstract":"[This paper has no abstract. First 111 words are shown] Chronic insomnia disorder (CID) is a highly prevalent sleep disorder and a public health problem (Riemann et al., 2017). It is well recognized as a subjective disorder. Subjective because the diagnosis is fundamentally based on the self-report/complaints of the patients and in the clinical assessment of the sleep expert through a systematic clinical interview – which is the standard method (gold standard) for establishing a diagnosis of CID (Marques et al., 2018). On the contrary, the diagnosis of other sleep disorders demands the so-called objective measures such as polysomnography (PSG) (Riemann et al., 2017). We cannot forget that being CID a subjective disorder, it is important to be exhaustive in clinical assessment.","PeriodicalId":52016,"journal":{"name":"Revista Portuguesa de Investigacao Comportamental e Social","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48384997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-22DOI: 10.31211/rpics.2020.6.1.169
Nuno De Noronha da Costa Bispo, Viviane De Souza Pinho Costa, Mário Molari, Letícia Caroline Falossi, Tatiani Aparecida Silva Fidelis, Fernanda Freitas Gonçalves Leati, Thainara Ferreira Furini, Flamínia Manzano Moreira Lodovici, Ruth Gelehrter da Costa Lopes, Maria Helena Villas Boas Concone
Objective: To verify the changes in daily life in institutionalized older adults caused by the impact of the disease, was the general objective of this ethnographic research. Method: The study was carried out with 99 residents of a long-term care institution for the elderly in southern Brazil. There was documentary research of the Institution and the permanence of the researcher to familiarize him with the environment and the entire public. Participant observation and semi-structured interviews were used for data collection. After the fieldwork, the data were analyzed through the description of the observation and the hermeneutic-dialectic method. Results: The results showed functional dependence, loss of autonomy, and personal control. Based on the participants’ comments, the study detected a lack of freedom, physical dependence to carry out routine activities, occupation reduction, isolation, and difficulty to sleep. The impairment of mobility was noted in the participant observation and the interviews. Conclusion: In the final remarks, the issue of qualitative research highlights the restriction of autonomy that older people are residing in the Institution in the face of the new conditions experienced in institutional life caused by the disease, which interferes with the quality of life of these residents.
{"title":"Mudanças na vida quotidiana em pessoas idosas institucionalizadas pelo impacto da doença","authors":"Nuno De Noronha da Costa Bispo, Viviane De Souza Pinho Costa, Mário Molari, Letícia Caroline Falossi, Tatiani Aparecida Silva Fidelis, Fernanda Freitas Gonçalves Leati, Thainara Ferreira Furini, Flamínia Manzano Moreira Lodovici, Ruth Gelehrter da Costa Lopes, Maria Helena Villas Boas Concone","doi":"10.31211/rpics.2020.6.1.169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31211/rpics.2020.6.1.169","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To verify the changes in daily life in institutionalized older adults caused by the impact of the disease, was the general objective of this ethnographic research. Method: The study was carried out with 99 residents of a long-term care institution for the elderly in southern Brazil. There was documentary research of the Institution and the permanence of the researcher to familiarize him with the environment and the entire public. Participant observation and semi-structured interviews were used for data collection. After the fieldwork, the data were analyzed through the description of the observation and the hermeneutic-dialectic method. Results: The results showed functional dependence, loss of autonomy, and personal control. Based on the participants’ comments, the study detected a lack of freedom, physical dependence to carry out routine activities, occupation reduction, isolation, and difficulty to sleep. The impairment of mobility was noted in the participant observation and the interviews. Conclusion: In the final remarks, the issue of qualitative research highlights the restriction of autonomy that older people are residing in the Institution in the face of the new conditions experienced in institutional life caused by the disease, which interferes with the quality of life of these residents.","PeriodicalId":52016,"journal":{"name":"Revista Portuguesa de Investigacao Comportamental e Social","volume":"6 1","pages":"64–80-64–80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69633401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-21DOI: 10.31211/rpics.2020.6.1.170
Diogo Carreiras, Paul Castilho, M. Cunha
Background: Adolescence is a developmental stage with biological, psychological, and social changes that will influence the individual functioning in adulthood. Recently, research on borderline personality disorder (BPD) has been focusing on dysfunctional and inflexible features in early ages, since a personality disorder does not appear suddenly in adulthood. The developmental path should be better understood and explored. Objective: Accordingly, the current study aimed at analyzing the contribution of psychological processes, specifically impulsivity, self-disgust, and self-compassion, for understanding borderline features in adolescence. Methods: This study had a cross-sectional design and a sample of 440 adolescents from the general population (278 girls and 162 boys), with ages ranging between 14 and 17 years. In SPSS, we conducted Student’s t-tests, Pearson correlations, and linear regressions. Results: Girls presented higher levels of self-disgust and borderline features in comparison with boys and lower levels of self-compassion. Regression models to test the predictive value of impulsivity, self-disgust and self-compassion on borderline features were significant. The model explained 43% of borderline features for boys and 57% for girls. For girls, all variables (impulsivity, self-compassion, and self-disgust) presented a significant contribution, and for boys, only impulsivity and self-compassion were significant predictors. Conclusions: These results added evidence of important variables to understand better borderline features in adolescents and identified sex differences in these psychological mechanisms. This study has important implications for research, clinical practice, and prevention.
{"title":"O efeito da impulsividade, autoaversão e autocompaixão nos traços borderline na adolescência: Estudo das diferenças entre sexos","authors":"Diogo Carreiras, Paul Castilho, M. Cunha","doi":"10.31211/rpics.2020.6.1.170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31211/rpics.2020.6.1.170","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Adolescence is a developmental stage with biological, psychological, and social changes that will influence the individual functioning in adulthood. Recently, research on borderline personality disorder (BPD) has been focusing on dysfunctional and inflexible features in early ages, since a personality disorder does not appear suddenly in adulthood. The developmental path should be better understood and explored. Objective: Accordingly, the current study aimed at analyzing the contribution of psychological processes, specifically impulsivity, self-disgust, and self-compassion, for understanding borderline features in adolescence. Methods: This study had a cross-sectional design and a sample of 440 adolescents from the general population (278 girls and 162 boys), with ages ranging between 14 and 17 years. In SPSS, we conducted Student’s t-tests, Pearson correlations, and linear regressions. Results: Girls presented higher levels of self-disgust and borderline features in comparison with boys and lower levels of self-compassion. Regression models to test the predictive value of impulsivity, self-disgust and self-compassion on borderline features were significant. The model explained 43% of borderline features for boys and 57% for girls. For girls, all variables (impulsivity, self-compassion, and self-disgust) presented a significant contribution, and for boys, only impulsivity and self-compassion were significant predictors. Conclusions: These results added evidence of important variables to understand better borderline features in adolescents and identified sex differences in these psychological mechanisms. This study has important implications for research, clinical practice, and prevention.","PeriodicalId":52016,"journal":{"name":"Revista Portuguesa de Investigacao Comportamental e Social","volume":"6 1","pages":"50–63-50–63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69633413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-14DOI: 10.31211/rpics.2020.6.1.163
M. Rosa, Carina Gomes Forte, Raul Antunes, Tânia Maurício
Objetivo: Tendo em conta as limitações na terapia convencional, os jogos são cada vez mais utilizados pelo seu potencial em integrar as várias dimensões humanas afetadas pela Doença de Parkinson. Este estudo teve como objetivo testar a aplicação de um programa de jogos tradicionais adaptados a pessoas com DP, incluindo dinâmicas intergeracionais. Método: Foram realizadas três sessões de jogos tradicionais adaptados, incluindo nove pessoas com Doença de Parkinson. Foi ainda dinamizada uma sessão com dinâmicas intergeracionais, precedida de uma sessão educativa às crianças (pré escolar, 4 e 5 anos de idade) sobre o tema do envelhecimento. Deste modo, antes e após cada sessão, foi avaliado o nível de autoeficácia através da Escala de Autoeficácia para a Atividade com Sentido de cada participante, bem como o feedback dos participantes e das crianças através de uma entrevista estruturada. A análise da entrevista implicou a codificação usando a Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde por dois investigadores independentes. Resultados: Ao longo das sessões observou-se que cerca de 50% dos participantes melhoraram relativamente ao nível da autoeficácia e os restantes 50% mantiveram a cotação máxima. Observou-se também a importância da sessão educativa às crianças onde se verificou uma melhoria no nível de aprendizagem sobre o tema de envelhecimento, melhorando “o domínio de adaptações dos jogos para idosos”, bem como “o saber ajudar durante a implementação dos jogos “em população idosa. Ainda no decorrer das sessões, as pessoas com Doença de Parkinson assinalaram a importância de temas como: a componente afetiva que advêm da experiência, as memórias, o relacionamento entre os participantes e as crianças. Conclusões: Este estudo permitiu verificar que os jogos tradicionais adaptados têm impacto no nível da autoeficácia dos participantes bem como são catalisadores de dinâmicas positivas entre várias gerações.
{"title":"Jogos tradicionais portugueses adaptados e dinâmicas intergeracionais em pessoas com doença de Parkinson","authors":"M. Rosa, Carina Gomes Forte, Raul Antunes, Tânia Maurício","doi":"10.31211/rpics.2020.6.1.163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31211/rpics.2020.6.1.163","url":null,"abstract":"Objetivo: Tendo em conta as limitações na terapia convencional, os jogos são cada vez mais utilizados pelo seu potencial em integrar as várias dimensões humanas afetadas pela Doença de Parkinson. Este estudo teve como objetivo testar a aplicação de um programa de jogos tradicionais adaptados a pessoas com DP, incluindo dinâmicas intergeracionais. Método: Foram realizadas três sessões de jogos tradicionais adaptados, incluindo nove pessoas com Doença de Parkinson. Foi ainda dinamizada uma sessão com dinâmicas intergeracionais, precedida de uma sessão educativa às crianças (pré escolar, 4 e 5 anos de idade) sobre o tema do envelhecimento. Deste modo, antes e após cada sessão, foi avaliado o nível de autoeficácia através da Escala de Autoeficácia para a Atividade com Sentido de cada participante, bem como o feedback dos participantes e das crianças através de uma entrevista estruturada. A análise da entrevista implicou a codificação usando a Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde por dois investigadores independentes. Resultados: Ao longo das sessões observou-se que cerca de 50% dos participantes melhoraram relativamente ao nível da autoeficácia e os restantes 50% mantiveram a cotação máxima. Observou-se também a importância da sessão educativa às crianças onde se verificou uma melhoria no nível de aprendizagem sobre o tema de envelhecimento, melhorando “o domínio de adaptações dos jogos para idosos”, bem como “o saber ajudar durante a implementação dos jogos “em população idosa. Ainda no decorrer das sessões, as pessoas com Doença de Parkinson assinalaram a importância de temas como: a componente afetiva que advêm da experiência, as memórias, o relacionamento entre os participantes e as crianças. Conclusões: Este estudo permitiu verificar que os jogos tradicionais adaptados têm impacto no nível da autoeficácia dos participantes bem como são catalisadores de dinâmicas positivas entre várias gerações.","PeriodicalId":52016,"journal":{"name":"Revista Portuguesa de Investigacao Comportamental e Social","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69633254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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