Pub Date : 2021-11-01DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1006.2021.04254
Yuting Chen, Lu Liu, Panpan Chu, Jiangyan Wei, H. Qian, Hua Chen, T. Cai, W. Zhuang, Chong Zhang
{"title":"Construction of yeast two-hybrid cDNA library induced by <italic>Ralstonia solanacearum</italic> and interaction protein screening for AhRRS5 in peanut","authors":"Yuting Chen, Lu Liu, Panpan Chu, Jiangyan Wei, H. Qian, Hua Chen, T. Cai, W. Zhuang, Chong Zhang","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.1006.2021.04254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1006.2021.04254","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52132,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agronomica Sinica(China)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44102305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-01DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1006.2021.03057
Xia Jing, Qin Zou, Zong-Fan Bai, Wengjiang Huang
: Crop diseases are biological disasters that affect grain production and quality. The infestation of diseases consumes the nutrients and water, disrupts its normal life process, and causes changes in the internal physiological and biochemical state and external appearance of the crop. Canopy reflectance spectrum can detect crop population structure information well, and chlorophyll fluorescence data can sensitively reflect changes in crop photosynthetic physiology, both methods are capable of detecting crop diseases via remote sensing technology. This article outlined the current research status of crop diseases detection based on reflectance spectrum through remote sensing technology from the aspects of monitoring methods and monitoring scales, summa-rized the research progress of using active fluorescence, passive fluorescence and coordinated solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence and reflectance spectroscopy to monitor crop diseases, analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of reflectance spectrum and chlorophyll fluorescence data in crop disease early warning detection, and discussed the possible problems in the remote sensing detection of crop diseases. On the basis, we made a prospect for the development of remote sensing monitoring crop diseases. This paper provides an important reference for the subsequent applications of crop diseases detection based on reflectance spectrum and chlorophyll fluorescence data.
{"title":"Research progress of crop diseases monitoring based on reflectance and chlorophyll fluorescence data","authors":"Xia Jing, Qin Zou, Zong-Fan Bai, Wengjiang Huang","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.1006.2021.03057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1006.2021.03057","url":null,"abstract":": Crop diseases are biological disasters that affect grain production and quality. The infestation of diseases consumes the nutrients and water, disrupts its normal life process, and causes changes in the internal physiological and biochemical state and external appearance of the crop. Canopy reflectance spectrum can detect crop population structure information well, and chlorophyll fluorescence data can sensitively reflect changes in crop photosynthetic physiology, both methods are capable of detecting crop diseases via remote sensing technology. This article outlined the current research status of crop diseases detection based on reflectance spectrum through remote sensing technology from the aspects of monitoring methods and monitoring scales, summa-rized the research progress of using active fluorescence, passive fluorescence and coordinated solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence and reflectance spectroscopy to monitor crop diseases, analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of reflectance spectrum and chlorophyll fluorescence data in crop disease early warning detection, and discussed the possible problems in the remote sensing detection of crop diseases. On the basis, we made a prospect for the development of remote sensing monitoring crop diseases. This paper provides an important reference for the subsequent applications of crop diseases detection based on reflectance spectrum and chlorophyll fluorescence data.","PeriodicalId":52132,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agronomica Sinica(China)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49030179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-01DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1006.2021.04257
X. Cang, Hong-ming Xia, Wenfeng Li, Xiao-yan Wang, H. Shan, Chan-Mi Wang, Jie Li, Rongyue Zhang, Yingkun Huang
: Sugarcane smut is a systemic fungal disease that seriously affects the development of sugarcane industry in China. Different sugarcane varieties have various resistance to smut. Screening and planting resistant varieties are the most economical and effective measure to control smut disease. In order to determine the smut resistance of elite varieties (lines) bred in China in recent year and screen resistant varieties for application in production, the resistance of 100 Chinese elite sugarcane varieties (lines) were evaluated by artificial inoculation with the impregnation method in smut epidemic area Yuanjiang, Yunnan Province. The results revealed that 56 of the 100 elite varieties (lines) were highly resistant to moderately resistant, accounting for 56%, and 44 were moderately susceptible to highly susceptible 2, accounting for 44%. The results showed that current large-scale planted and promoted varieties (lines) Mintang 69-421, 22, 03-182, 03-1137, 42, Yuegan 26, Guitang 02-351, and Yunzhe 09-1601 were highly susceptible. And the sugarcane varieties (lines) bred in recent years, Funong 15, Funong and were highly resistant to smut disease. It was suggested that in the high incidence area of sugarcane smut in low altitude valley, efforts should be carried out to eliminate the elite varieties susceptible to the disease and popularize and apply the superior varieties resistant to the disease in order to achieve the rational distribution of varieties, control the outbreak and epidemic of sugarcane smut, and pro-vide guarantee for the high-quality development of sugarcane industry.
{"title":"Evaluation of natural resistance to smut in elite sugarcane varieties (lines)","authors":"X. Cang, Hong-ming Xia, Wenfeng Li, Xiao-yan Wang, H. Shan, Chan-Mi Wang, Jie Li, Rongyue Zhang, Yingkun Huang","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.1006.2021.04257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1006.2021.04257","url":null,"abstract":": Sugarcane smut is a systemic fungal disease that seriously affects the development of sugarcane industry in China. Different sugarcane varieties have various resistance to smut. Screening and planting resistant varieties are the most economical and effective measure to control smut disease. In order to determine the smut resistance of elite varieties (lines) bred in China in recent year and screen resistant varieties for application in production, the resistance of 100 Chinese elite sugarcane varieties (lines) were evaluated by artificial inoculation with the impregnation method in smut epidemic area Yuanjiang, Yunnan Province. The results revealed that 56 of the 100 elite varieties (lines) were highly resistant to moderately resistant, accounting for 56%, and 44 were moderately susceptible to highly susceptible 2, accounting for 44%. The results showed that current large-scale planted and promoted varieties (lines) Mintang 69-421, 22, 03-182, 03-1137, 42, Yuegan 26, Guitang 02-351, and Yunzhe 09-1601 were highly susceptible. And the sugarcane varieties (lines) bred in recent years, Funong 15, Funong and were highly resistant to smut disease. It was suggested that in the high incidence area of sugarcane smut in low altitude valley, efforts should be carried out to eliminate the elite varieties susceptible to the disease and popularize and apply the superior varieties resistant to the disease in order to achieve the rational distribution of varieties, control the outbreak and epidemic of sugarcane smut, and pro-vide guarantee for the high-quality development of sugarcane industry.","PeriodicalId":52132,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agronomica Sinica(China)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49280166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-01DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1006.2021.04237
X. Qin, Haodong Pan, Jingxiu Xiao, Li Tang, Yi Zheng
: To investigate the effects of maize and soybean intercropping on nitrogen and phosphorus uptake, nodule growth, and nitrogen fixation in soybean, a pot experiment was conducted with two phosphorus (P) rates (low P -P50 and sufficient P -P100). The results showed that, compared with monocropped soybean, intercropping of soybean and maize significantly increased the nodule number, nodule weight, leghemoglobin content, and nitrogenase activity of nodule, and promoted the growth and nitrogen (N) and phosphorus uptake of soybean under P50 and P100 rates. The concentrations of N, P, and the activities of acid phosphatase, phytase in nodules in intercropped soybean were significantly higher than those of monocropped soybean under P50 and P100 rates, and the activities of acid phosphatase and phytase showed the highest values under IS-P50 treatment. In addition, the P concentration in the nodules of intercropped soybean under P50 rate was significantly higher than that of monocropped soybean under P90 rate. so In summary, to maintain the larger phosphorus content for nitrogen fixation of soybean under phosphorus deficiency, the soybean and maize intercropping system increased the phosphorus concentration in the nodules mainly by enhancing the activities of acid phosphatase and phytase in the nodules, and thus promoted the growth and nitrogen uptake of soybean.
{"title":"Effects of maize and soybean intercropping on nodule growth, nitrogen fixation of soybean under low phosphorus condition","authors":"X. Qin, Haodong Pan, Jingxiu Xiao, Li Tang, Yi Zheng","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.1006.2021.04237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1006.2021.04237","url":null,"abstract":": To investigate the effects of maize and soybean intercropping on nitrogen and phosphorus uptake, nodule growth, and nitrogen fixation in soybean, a pot experiment was conducted with two phosphorus (P) rates (low P -P50 and sufficient P -P100). The results showed that, compared with monocropped soybean, intercropping of soybean and maize significantly increased the nodule number, nodule weight, leghemoglobin content, and nitrogenase activity of nodule, and promoted the growth and nitrogen (N) and phosphorus uptake of soybean under P50 and P100 rates. The concentrations of N, P, and the activities of acid phosphatase, phytase in nodules in intercropped soybean were significantly higher than those of monocropped soybean under P50 and P100 rates, and the activities of acid phosphatase and phytase showed the highest values under IS-P50 treatment. In addition, the P concentration in the nodules of intercropped soybean under P50 rate was significantly higher than that of monocropped soybean under P90 rate. so In summary, to maintain the larger phosphorus content for nitrogen fixation of soybean under phosphorus deficiency, the soybean and maize intercropping system increased the phosphorus concentration in the nodules mainly by enhancing the activities of acid phosphatase and phytase in the nodules, and thus promoted the growth and nitrogen uptake of soybean.","PeriodicalId":52132,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agronomica Sinica(China)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49546302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-01DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1006.2021.03018
Fei Wang, Binbin Guo, Zeng-Guang Sun, Fei Yin, Ling Liu, Nian-yuan Jiao, G. Fu
{"title":"Effects of elevated temperature and CO<sub>2</sub> concentration on growth and yield of maize under intercropping with peanut","authors":"Fei Wang, Binbin Guo, Zeng-Guang Sun, Fei Yin, Ling Liu, Nian-yuan Jiao, G. Fu","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.1006.2021.03018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1006.2021.03018","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52132,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agronomica Sinica(China)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43205514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-01DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1006.2021.03049
Lulu Li, B. Ming, Zhendong Chu, Wanxu Zhang, Shang Gao, Yizhou Wang, L. Hou, Xianlin Zhou, R. Xie, Keru Wang, P. Hou, Shaokun Li
: The high kernel moisture of maize ( Zea mays L.) at harvest stage limits the field-application of mechanical kernel harvesting. The breeding and selection of fast dry-down cultivars is the key to solve this problem. However, there is still a lack of such indicators for evaluating the kernel dry-down rate in China. To explore the indicators, the crop growth and the kernel dry-down of two cultivars, Xianyu 335 and Zhengdan 958, were investigated across various maize belts in China from 2014 to 2018. Between the two cultivars, there were significant varietal differences in thermal times (TT) at the stages of plant-ing–maturity (P–M), planting–25% moisture (P–25%), and maturity–25% moisture (M–25%), respectively. The TT P–M on average were 3039°C d (2752–3249°C d) for Xianyu 335 and 3090°C d (2750–3546°C d) for Zhengdan 958, with a difference value of 51°C d, and the corresponding coefficient of variations (CV) of TT P–M tivars, the TT P–25% could be considered as the growing period indicator for the breeding and selection of cultivars fitting to present mechanical kernel harvesting. In addition, this indicator might vary with region, year, or planting date, the same field and year were recommended to ensure a consistent environmental condition for measuring it. Conclusively, a new indicator (TT P–25% ) for breeding and selection of fast dry-down hybrids was proposed, which potentially prompting maize kernel harvesting in China.
{"title":"An growing-period indicator of maize cultivars for mechanical kernel harvest","authors":"Lulu Li, B. Ming, Zhendong Chu, Wanxu Zhang, Shang Gao, Yizhou Wang, L. Hou, Xianlin Zhou, R. Xie, Keru Wang, P. Hou, Shaokun Li","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.1006.2021.03049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1006.2021.03049","url":null,"abstract":": The high kernel moisture of maize ( Zea mays L.) at harvest stage limits the field-application of mechanical kernel harvesting. The breeding and selection of fast dry-down cultivars is the key to solve this problem. However, there is still a lack of such indicators for evaluating the kernel dry-down rate in China. To explore the indicators, the crop growth and the kernel dry-down of two cultivars, Xianyu 335 and Zhengdan 958, were investigated across various maize belts in China from 2014 to 2018. Between the two cultivars, there were significant varietal differences in thermal times (TT) at the stages of plant-ing–maturity (P–M), planting–25% moisture (P–25%), and maturity–25% moisture (M–25%), respectively. The TT P–M on average were 3039°C d (2752–3249°C d) for Xianyu 335 and 3090°C d (2750–3546°C d) for Zhengdan 958, with a difference value of 51°C d, and the corresponding coefficient of variations (CV) of TT P–M tivars, the TT P–25% could be considered as the growing period indicator for the breeding and selection of cultivars fitting to present mechanical kernel harvesting. In addition, this indicator might vary with region, year, or planting date, the same field and year were recommended to ensure a consistent environmental condition for measuring it. Conclusively, a new indicator (TT P–25% ) for breeding and selection of fast dry-down hybrids was proposed, which potentially prompting maize kernel harvesting in China.","PeriodicalId":52132,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agronomica Sinica(China)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41927062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-01DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1006.2021.02078
Charles Chen, Wei-wei Li, Xiang-cheng Zhu, Jing Liu, Gang-hua Li, Ke Xu, Yu Jiang, Yanfeng Ding
: As the climate warming is increasing, the global average surface temperature has risen by nearly 1°C in the past 100 years. Rice-wheat cropping system is the mainstream cropping system in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and Huaihe River in Jiangsu and Anhui provinces, but its adaptation to climate warming is still unclear. We analyzed the characteristics of temperature rise and crop phenological changes in the rice–wheat double cropping area of Jiangsu using the historical data from 34 meteorological stations and 45 phenological stations over the years. The results revealed that the range of temperature increase in Jianghuai area was higher in the south than in the north, higher in wheat season and lower in rice ripe season, and the highest in March. In the rice season, the sowing date in Jiangnan was delayed by 3.4 d 10a –1 , the heading date in Huainan was advanced by 2 d 10a –1 , and the harvest date in Huaibei was delayed by 6.2 d 10a –1 . In the wheat season, the sowing date in Jiangnan was delayed by 6.4 d 10a –1 , and the heading and harvest time tended to be earlier in the whole region. The rice–wheat stubble stage was shortened by 4.6 d 10a –1 in Huaibei and 6.9 d 10a –1 in Jiangnan. The average temperature of rice and wheat during growth period had no significant change, but in wheat season increased by 0.008–0.346 kg hm –2 °C –1 10a –1 . Warming decreased wheat yields in the north of Yangtze River and Huainan area, but increased wheat yield in Huaibei area. In summary, these results indicated that the rice-wheat cropping system in Jianghuai was gradually adapting to the climate warming, and the negative effects of climate warming on crop yield could be alleviated by reasonably changing sowing date. Our findings can provide reference for climate change adaptation cultivation and cultivation technology innovation.
：随着气候变暖的加剧，在过去的100年里，全球平均地表温度上升了近1°C。稻麦种植制度是江苏、安徽两省长江、淮河下游地区的主流种植制度，但其对气候变暖的适应程度尚不清楚。利用34个气象站和45个气象站历年的历史资料，分析了江苏省稻麦双熟区的气温上升特征和作物的酚学变化。结果表明，江淮地区的气温上升幅度南大于北，小麦季节较高，水稻成熟季节较低，3月份最高。在水稻季节，江南地区的播种期推迟了3.4 d 10a-1，淮南地区的抽穗期提前了2 d 10a-11，而淮北地区的收获期则推迟了6.2 d 10a-1。在小麦季节，江南地区的播种期推迟了6.4d10a-1，整个地区的抽穗和收获时间都趋于提前。水稻-小麦留茬期在华北缩短了4.6 d 10a–1，在江南缩短了6.9 d 10a-1。水稻和小麦生长期的平均温度没有显著变化，但在小麦季节增加了0.008–0.346 kg hm–2°C–1 10a–1。增温降低了长江以北和淮南地区的小麦产量，但增加了华北地区的小麦生产。总之，这些结果表明，江淮地区的稻麦种植制度正在逐渐适应气候变暖，合理改变播种期可以缓解气候变暖对作物产量的负面影响。研究结果可为适应气候变化的栽培和栽培技术创新提供参考。
{"title":"Adaption of rice–wheat cropping system to climate warming in Jianghuai area","authors":"Charles Chen, Wei-wei Li, Xiang-cheng Zhu, Jing Liu, Gang-hua Li, Ke Xu, Yu Jiang, Yanfeng Ding","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.1006.2021.02078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1006.2021.02078","url":null,"abstract":": As the climate warming is increasing, the global average surface temperature has risen by nearly 1°C in the past 100 years. Rice-wheat cropping system is the mainstream cropping system in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and Huaihe River in Jiangsu and Anhui provinces, but its adaptation to climate warming is still unclear. We analyzed the characteristics of temperature rise and crop phenological changes in the rice–wheat double cropping area of Jiangsu using the historical data from 34 meteorological stations and 45 phenological stations over the years. The results revealed that the range of temperature increase in Jianghuai area was higher in the south than in the north, higher in wheat season and lower in rice ripe season, and the highest in March. In the rice season, the sowing date in Jiangnan was delayed by 3.4 d 10a –1 , the heading date in Huainan was advanced by 2 d 10a –1 , and the harvest date in Huaibei was delayed by 6.2 d 10a –1 . In the wheat season, the sowing date in Jiangnan was delayed by 6.4 d 10a –1 , and the heading and harvest time tended to be earlier in the whole region. The rice–wheat stubble stage was shortened by 4.6 d 10a –1 in Huaibei and 6.9 d 10a –1 in Jiangnan. The average temperature of rice and wheat during growth period had no significant change, but in wheat season increased by 0.008–0.346 kg hm –2 °C –1 10a –1 . Warming decreased wheat yields in the north of Yangtze River and Huainan area, but increased wheat yield in Huaibei area. In summary, these results indicated that the rice-wheat cropping system in Jianghuai was gradually adapting to the climate warming, and the negative effects of climate warming on crop yield could be alleviated by reasonably changing sowing date. Our findings can provide reference for climate change adaptation cultivation and cultivation technology innovation.","PeriodicalId":52132,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agronomica Sinica(China)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41530449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-01DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1006.2021.04271
Meng Ma, Hui Yan, Runfei Gao, Meng Kou, W. Tang, Xin Wang, Yun-gang Zhang, Qiang Li
: Ideal agronomic traits are the important objectives in sweetpotato breeding, but the breeding methods are still lacking. We constructed linkage maps using a mapping population of 274 individuals derived from a cross between the female parent Xuzishu 8 (a purple-fleshed cultivar with many branches, medium vine, and high yield) and the male parent Meiguohong (a white-fleshed cultivar with few branches, long vine, and medium yield) by simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers in this study. The female parent map contained 24 linkage groups, and covered 1325.8 cM with an average marker interval of 9.2 cM. The male parent map contained 21 linkage groups, and covered 1088.6 cM with an average marker interval of 8.2 cM. The maps could in-crease the density of existing genetic maps. Using the composite interval mapping, we analyzed five important agronomic traits, including branch number, vine diameter, longest vine length, petiole length, and internode length in sweetpotato, thus identified one QTL related to branch number explaining the phenotypic variance of 53.2%, one QTL related to internode diameter explaining the phenotypic variance of 16.7%, two QTLs related to longest vine length explaining the phenotypic variance of 9.5% and 13.7%, two QTLs related to petiole length explaining the phenotypic variance of 8.8% and 11.3%, and five QTLs related to inter-2148 node length explaining the phenotypic variance of 9.6%–28.1%. The QTLs can be used to develop molecular markers and assist the screening of plants with ideal agronomic traits at early seedling stage, thus improved the efficiency of field selection.
{"title":"Construction linkage maps and identification of quantitative trait loci associated with important agronomic traits in purple-fleshed sweetpotato","authors":"Meng Ma, Hui Yan, Runfei Gao, Meng Kou, W. Tang, Xin Wang, Yun-gang Zhang, Qiang Li","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.1006.2021.04271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1006.2021.04271","url":null,"abstract":": Ideal agronomic traits are the important objectives in sweetpotato breeding, but the breeding methods are still lacking. We constructed linkage maps using a mapping population of 274 individuals derived from a cross between the female parent Xuzishu 8 (a purple-fleshed cultivar with many branches, medium vine, and high yield) and the male parent Meiguohong (a white-fleshed cultivar with few branches, long vine, and medium yield) by simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers in this study. The female parent map contained 24 linkage groups, and covered 1325.8 cM with an average marker interval of 9.2 cM. The male parent map contained 21 linkage groups, and covered 1088.6 cM with an average marker interval of 8.2 cM. The maps could in-crease the density of existing genetic maps. Using the composite interval mapping, we analyzed five important agronomic traits, including branch number, vine diameter, longest vine length, petiole length, and internode length in sweetpotato, thus identified one QTL related to branch number explaining the phenotypic variance of 53.2%, one QTL related to internode diameter explaining the phenotypic variance of 16.7%, two QTLs related to longest vine length explaining the phenotypic variance of 9.5% and 13.7%, two QTLs related to petiole length explaining the phenotypic variance of 8.8% and 11.3%, and five QTLs related to inter-2148 node length explaining the phenotypic variance of 9.6%–28.1%. The QTLs can be used to develop molecular markers and assist the screening of plants with ideal agronomic traits at early seedling stage, thus improved the efficiency of field selection.","PeriodicalId":52132,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agronomica Sinica(China)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45498621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-01DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1006.2021.02086
Heng Huang, Heng-xin Jiang, Guangwen Liu, Jialing Yuan, Yuan Wang, Can Zhao, Wei-Ling Wang, Zhong-yang Huo, Ke Xu, Q. Dai, Hong-cheng Zhang, De-Jian Li, Guoning Liu
: Lateral deep fertilization is an efficient, high-quality, and safe cultivation technology of rice mechanical transplanting. In order to improve the technical system of lateral deep fertilization, we investigated the effects of different fertilization methods on rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency under the condition of lateral deep fertilization. In this study, Nanjing 9108 and Nanjing 5718, the representative varieties of quality and delicious rice of Jiangsu, were used as materials. Four different lateral deep fertilization methods were arranged, including 100% base fertilizer side deep application FM1 (fertilization method 1), 70% base fertilizer side deep application + 30% tillering fertilizer FM2 (fertilization method 2), 70% base fertilizer side deep application + 30% panicle fertilizer FM3 (fertilization method 3), and 35% base fertilizer side deep application + 35% tillering fertilizer + 30% panicle fertilizer FM4 (fertilization method 4). In addition, the conventional fertilization method and no nitrogen treatment were added. The effects of different treatments on rice yield, leaf area index, photosynthetic potential, dry matter accumulation, population growth rate, and nitrogen use efficiency were compared. The results revealed that the yield of FM3 and FM4 were higher than those of other treatments. The main reason was that the spikelet number of the population was significantly higher than that of other treatments on the basis of stable panicle number. The leaf area index and dry matter accumulation of FM3 treatment were higher in the middle and late growth stages, especially from heading to maturity stage. Nitrogen accumulation of FM3 was less before jointing stage, but nitrogen accumulation after jointing stage and the total nitrogen uptake during the whole growth period were significantly higher than those of other treatments. Moreover, the nitrogen agronomic utilization rate, nitrogen physiological utilization rate, nitrogen absorption utilization rate, and nitrogen partial productivity of FM3 were significantly higher than those of the other treatments. At the same time, compared with CFM and FM4, FM3 can reduce fertilization times by 1–2 times, save labor and cost, and is conducive to large-scale production. It is a high-yield, simple and efficient fertilization method for rice.
{"title":"Effects of side deep placement of nitrogen on rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency","authors":"Heng Huang, Heng-xin Jiang, Guangwen Liu, Jialing Yuan, Yuan Wang, Can Zhao, Wei-Ling Wang, Zhong-yang Huo, Ke Xu, Q. Dai, Hong-cheng Zhang, De-Jian Li, Guoning Liu","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.1006.2021.02086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1006.2021.02086","url":null,"abstract":": Lateral deep fertilization is an efficient, high-quality, and safe cultivation technology of rice mechanical transplanting. In order to improve the technical system of lateral deep fertilization, we investigated the effects of different fertilization methods on rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency under the condition of lateral deep fertilization. In this study, Nanjing 9108 and Nanjing 5718, the representative varieties of quality and delicious rice of Jiangsu, were used as materials. Four different lateral deep fertilization methods were arranged, including 100% base fertilizer side deep application FM1 (fertilization method 1), 70% base fertilizer side deep application + 30% tillering fertilizer FM2 (fertilization method 2), 70% base fertilizer side deep application + 30% panicle fertilizer FM3 (fertilization method 3), and 35% base fertilizer side deep application + 35% tillering fertilizer + 30% panicle fertilizer FM4 (fertilization method 4). In addition, the conventional fertilization method and no nitrogen treatment were added. The effects of different treatments on rice yield, leaf area index, photosynthetic potential, dry matter accumulation, population growth rate, and nitrogen use efficiency were compared. The results revealed that the yield of FM3 and FM4 were higher than those of other treatments. The main reason was that the spikelet number of the population was significantly higher than that of other treatments on the basis of stable panicle number. The leaf area index and dry matter accumulation of FM3 treatment were higher in the middle and late growth stages, especially from heading to maturity stage. Nitrogen accumulation of FM3 was less before jointing stage, but nitrogen accumulation after jointing stage and the total nitrogen uptake during the whole growth period were significantly higher than those of other treatments. Moreover, the nitrogen agronomic utilization rate, nitrogen physiological utilization rate, nitrogen absorption utilization rate, and nitrogen partial productivity of FM3 were significantly higher than those of the other treatments. At the same time, compared with CFM and FM4, FM3 can reduce fertilization times by 1–2 times, save labor and cost, and is conducive to large-scale production. It is a high-yield, simple and efficient fertilization method for rice.","PeriodicalId":52132,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agronomica Sinica(China)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46234998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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