: Drought is one of the main factors affecting the production of hulless barley in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Identification of drought resistance of hulless barley germplasm resources at adult stage and screening of reliable drought resistance indexes can provide basis for breeding drought resistant varieties. In the present study, a total of 238 hulless barley germplasms were used as materials, and two treatments of normal irrigation and drought stress in the field conditions were conducted in Zhangye of Gansu Province in 2019 and 2020, respectively. Seven indexes, such as the plant height, spike number per plant, biomass per plant, grain weight per spike, spike length, 1000-grain weight, and yield were determined. The drought resistance comprehensive evaluation value ( D -value), comprehensive drought resistance coefficient (CDC-value), and weight drought resistance coefficient (WDC-value) were used to identify drought resistance at adult stage of hulless barley germplasms. The results showed that the effects of drought stress on all indexes were extremely significant, and the correlation analysis showed that the yield was significantly positively correlated with plant height and 1000-grain nificantly positively correlated with plant height and 1000-grain weight at P < 0.01, and significantly positively correlated with the grain weight per panicle at P <0.05. Frequency analysis showed that the sensitivity of seven indexes to drought stress was plant height, yield, biomass per plant, grain weight per ear, number of ears per plant, ear length and 1000-grain weight, respectively. The ranks of drought resistance of germplasms based on the D -value, CDC-value, and WDC-value were similar. Grey correlation degree analysis showed that the correlation degree between DC-value and D -value was in the order of yield, biomass per plant, grain weight per spike, plant height, number of spikelets per plant, ear length and 1000-grain weight, which was basically consis-tent with the close degree between DC-value and WDC-value of each index. Stepwise regression analysis showed that yield, plant height, panicle number per plant, 1000-grain weight and biomass per plant could be used as reliable indexes for drought resistance identification of hulless barley in adult stage. D -value was determined as the appropriate method for drought resistance identification. Based on D -value, the tested hulless barley germplasms were divided into five drought resistance grades, and 38 germplasms were classified in grade I, such as Ziyanwoqingke, Liulengqingke, Ziqingke, ZDM8125, Tuhuluqingke, etc. These results pro-vided important basic materials and theoretical reference for the breeding of drought-resistant varieties and the study of drought-resistant mechanism of hulless barley.
{"title":"Drought resistance identification and drought resistance indexes screening of Tibetan hulless barley resources at adult stage","authors":"Xingrong Wang, Yue Li, Yanjun Zhang, Yongsheng Li, Jun-Cheng Wang, Yin-Ping Xu, Xusheng Qi","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.1006.2022.11048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1006.2022.11048","url":null,"abstract":": Drought is one of the main factors affecting the production of hulless barley in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Identification of drought resistance of hulless barley germplasm resources at adult stage and screening of reliable drought resistance indexes can provide basis for breeding drought resistant varieties. In the present study, a total of 238 hulless barley germplasms were used as materials, and two treatments of normal irrigation and drought stress in the field conditions were conducted in Zhangye of Gansu Province in 2019 and 2020, respectively. Seven indexes, such as the plant height, spike number per plant, biomass per plant, grain weight per spike, spike length, 1000-grain weight, and yield were determined. The drought resistance comprehensive evaluation value ( D -value), comprehensive drought resistance coefficient (CDC-value), and weight drought resistance coefficient (WDC-value) were used to identify drought resistance at adult stage of hulless barley germplasms. The results showed that the effects of drought stress on all indexes were extremely significant, and the correlation analysis showed that the yield was significantly positively correlated with plant height and 1000-grain nificantly positively correlated with plant height and 1000-grain weight at P < 0.01, and significantly positively correlated with the grain weight per panicle at P <0.05. Frequency analysis showed that the sensitivity of seven indexes to drought stress was plant height, yield, biomass per plant, grain weight per ear, number of ears per plant, ear length and 1000-grain weight, respectively. The ranks of drought resistance of germplasms based on the D -value, CDC-value, and WDC-value were similar. Grey correlation degree analysis showed that the correlation degree between DC-value and D -value was in the order of yield, biomass per plant, grain weight per spike, plant height, number of spikelets per plant, ear length and 1000-grain weight, which was basically consis-tent with the close degree between DC-value and WDC-value of each index. Stepwise regression analysis showed that yield, plant height, panicle number per plant, 1000-grain weight and biomass per plant could be used as reliable indexes for drought resistance identification of hulless barley in adult stage. D -value was determined as the appropriate method for drought resistance identification. Based on D -value, the tested hulless barley germplasms were divided into five drought resistance grades, and 38 germplasms were classified in grade I, such as Ziyanwoqingke, Liulengqingke, Ziqingke, ZDM8125, Tuhuluqingke, etc. These results pro-vided important basic materials and theoretical reference for the breeding of drought-resistant varieties and the study of drought-resistant mechanism of hulless barley.","PeriodicalId":52132,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agronomica Sinica(China)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42696924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1006.2022.14070
Hai-bo Wang, Jingwen Ying, Li He, Wen-Xuan Ye, W. Tu, Xingkui Cai, B. Song, J. Liu
: Somatic hybridization is an important way to create new germplasm. Somatic hybrids produced plenty of genetic variation during protoplast regeneration. In this study, to analyze the chromosome composition and variation of potato and eggplant somatic hybrids, rDNAs and telomeric repeats were used as probes for FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization), combined with GISH (Genomic in situ hybridization). The results showed that rearranged chromosomes and dicentric chromosomes existed in somatic hybrids, and the parts of the rearranged chromosomes was derived from the end-to-end fusion of potato and eggplant chromosomes 2. One centromere of the rearranged dicentric chromosomes was derived from potato and the other was from eggplant. Eggplant 5S rDNA sites were lost in somatic hybrids to homogenize the rDNA of somatic hybrids. The results of this study indicated that the chromosomes were unstable during the somatic hybridization of potato and eggplant, which can easily cause dicentric and chromosomal rearrangements in somatic hybrids. The chromosomes of somatic hybrids tended to be stable through various ways such as chromosome rearrangement, dicentric and rDNA homogenization.
{"title":"Identification of chromosome loss and rearrangement in potato and eggplant somatic hybrids by rDNA and telomere repeats","authors":"Hai-bo Wang, Jingwen Ying, Li He, Wen-Xuan Ye, W. Tu, Xingkui Cai, B. Song, J. Liu","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.1006.2022.14070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1006.2022.14070","url":null,"abstract":": Somatic hybridization is an important way to create new germplasm. Somatic hybrids produced plenty of genetic variation during protoplast regeneration. In this study, to analyze the chromosome composition and variation of potato and eggplant somatic hybrids, rDNAs and telomeric repeats were used as probes for FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization), combined with GISH (Genomic in situ hybridization). The results showed that rearranged chromosomes and dicentric chromosomes existed in somatic hybrids, and the parts of the rearranged chromosomes was derived from the end-to-end fusion of potato and eggplant chromosomes 2. One centromere of the rearranged dicentric chromosomes was derived from potato and the other was from eggplant. Eggplant 5S rDNA sites were lost in somatic hybrids to homogenize the rDNA of somatic hybrids. The results of this study indicated that the chromosomes were unstable during the somatic hybridization of potato and eggplant, which can easily cause dicentric and chromosomal rearrangements in somatic hybrids. The chromosomes of somatic hybrids tended to be stable through various ways such as chromosome rearrangement, dicentric and rDNA homogenization.","PeriodicalId":52132,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agronomica Sinica(China)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42076173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1006.2022.13027
Xia Wang, Xiaohui Yin, Xiao-ming Yu, Xiao-Dan Liu
{"title":"Effects of drought hardening on contemporary expression of drought stress memory genes and DNA methylation in promoter of B73 inbred progeny","authors":"Xia Wang, Xiaohui Yin, Xiao-ming Yu, Xiao-Dan Liu","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.1006.2022.13027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1006.2022.13027","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52132,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agronomica Sinica(China)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47614838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: To study the characteristics of panicle and stem growth and flowering period of restorer line and sterile line under mechanized transplanting mode, and to analyze the reasons for the difficulty of parental flowering period meeting under mechanized transplanting mode Chenghui 727×Shu 21A and Yahui 2115×Yixiang 1A were selected as the materials, and the field ex-periment was carried out from 2019 to 2020 in this study. Two transplanting methods and seedling ages were determined. Leaf age dynamics, panicle stem growth dynamics, and heading dynamics of restorer line and sterile line were investigated, and the effects of different treatments on the growth and development of panicle, line were statistically analyzed. The results were as follows: (1) The total number of leaves in mechanical transplanting parents decreased by 0.3–0.8 leaves in restorer lines while the sterile line added 0.1–0.4 leaves. Meanwhile, the total number of leaves in restorer lines decreased with the decrease of seedling age, while there was no significant change in the total number of leaves of male sterile lines. (2) The growth process of panicles, stems and leaves of restorer lines in mechanical transplanting was delayed by 2–5 days, while that of sterile lines was delayed by 5–10 days. The panicle differentiation of restorer lines began after jointing, while the panicle differentiation of sterile lines began 5–10 days after jointing. The panicle differentiation duration of restorer lines and sterile lines did not change significantly. The young ear growth curves of all treated parents were well fitted with Logistic curves ( R 2 >0.99). (3) The duration from seeding to heading of machine transplanting parents was longer than that of artificial transplanting parents. The effect of lengthening seedling age was the same as the change of transplanting method and the response of sterile lines to transplanting method and seedling age was more significant than that of restorer lines. (4) The flower encounter index of long seedling age under artificial transplanting in each combination was 100%, and the flower encounter was the best. Flowering encountering index was between 40%–60% of long seedling age under mechanical transplanting and short seedling age under artificial transplanting, followed by flowering status. However, the flowering index of the short seedling age combination of Chenghui 727 × Shu 21A and Yahui 2115 × Yixiang 1A was 0 and 18.18% under mechanical transplanting, respectively, indicat-ing that the absent of flowering date seriously. In conclusion, the growth and development of ear, stem, and leaf of parents were delayed under mechanized transplanting mode, and the prolonged seedling age aggravated the growth and development lag phe-nomenon of parents. There were some differences in the growth, development, and flowering characteristics between restorer lines and sterile lines under different transplanting methods and seedling ages. The difference in the response
{"title":"Characteristics of panicle stem growth and flowering period of the parents of hybrid rice in machine-transplanted seed production","authors":"Qin Qin, Youde Tao, Bang-Chao Huang, Hui Li, Yun Gao, Xiao-yuan Zhong, Zhonglin Zhou, Li Zhu, X. Lei, Sheng-Qiang Feng, Xu Wang, W. Ren","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.1006.2022.12020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1006.2022.12020","url":null,"abstract":": To study the characteristics of panicle and stem growth and flowering period of restorer line and sterile line under mechanized transplanting mode, and to analyze the reasons for the difficulty of parental flowering period meeting under mechanized transplanting mode Chenghui 727×Shu 21A and Yahui 2115×Yixiang 1A were selected as the materials, and the field ex-periment was carried out from 2019 to 2020 in this study. Two transplanting methods and seedling ages were determined. Leaf age dynamics, panicle stem growth dynamics, and heading dynamics of restorer line and sterile line were investigated, and the effects of different treatments on the growth and development of panicle, line were statistically analyzed. The results were as follows: (1) The total number of leaves in mechanical transplanting parents decreased by 0.3–0.8 leaves in restorer lines while the sterile line added 0.1–0.4 leaves. Meanwhile, the total number of leaves in restorer lines decreased with the decrease of seedling age, while there was no significant change in the total number of leaves of male sterile lines. (2) The growth process of panicles, stems and leaves of restorer lines in mechanical transplanting was delayed by 2–5 days, while that of sterile lines was delayed by 5–10 days. The panicle differentiation of restorer lines began after jointing, while the panicle differentiation of sterile lines began 5–10 days after jointing. The panicle differentiation duration of restorer lines and sterile lines did not change significantly. The young ear growth curves of all treated parents were well fitted with Logistic curves ( R 2 >0.99). (3) The duration from seeding to heading of machine transplanting parents was longer than that of artificial transplanting parents. The effect of lengthening seedling age was the same as the change of transplanting method and the response of sterile lines to transplanting method and seedling age was more significant than that of restorer lines. (4) The flower encounter index of long seedling age under artificial transplanting in each combination was 100%, and the flower encounter was the best. Flowering encountering index was between 40%–60% of long seedling age under mechanical transplanting and short seedling age under artificial transplanting, followed by flowering status. However, the flowering index of the short seedling age combination of Chenghui 727 × Shu 21A and Yahui 2115 × Yixiang 1A was 0 and 18.18% under mechanical transplanting, respectively, indicat-ing that the absent of flowering date seriously. In conclusion, the growth and development of ear, stem, and leaf of parents were delayed under mechanized transplanting mode, and the prolonged seedling age aggravated the growth and development lag phe-nomenon of parents. There were some differences in the growth, development, and flowering characteristics between restorer lines and sterile lines under different transplanting methods and seedling ages. The difference in the response","PeriodicalId":52132,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agronomica Sinica(China)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44980089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1006.2022.14066
Jiaxing Liu, Yu Lan, Qian Xu, Hong-ye Li, Xin-Yu Zhou, Xuan Zhao, Y. Gan, Hong-Bo Liu, Yueping Zheng, Y. Zhan, Gang Zhang, Zhijun Zheng
: At present, the germplasm resources of herbicide-tolerant peanut ( Arachis hypogaea ) are scarce, which restrict the di-versification of peanut-based cropping system. To create peanut germplasm with tolerance to different herbicides, a mutant popu-lation consisting of more than 55,000 peanut lines were generated by ethylmethanesulfonate mutagenesis. We screened this popu-lation with a variety of different herbicides to obtain multiple mutants with tolerance to different herbicides. One of these lines displayed strong tolerance to florasulam and flumetsulam in the experiments with foliar herbicide spraying under field conditions as well as in various laboratory evaluation for the herbicide tolerance, while the herbicide-tolerant trait did not have adverse effects on peanut yield and quality. To determine whether this trait was associated with a target-site-based resistance to the herbicides, we compared gene sequences and relative expression levels of these two acetohydroxyacid synthases (AHASs) as the herbicide target enzymes between the mutant and wild type. Molecular cloning and sequence analysis revealed that peanut chromosome A10 and B10 each contained a gene, named as AhAHAS1a and AhAHAS1b , which were highly similar to Arabidopsis AHAS . Peanut chromosome A08 and B08 also each carried an AHAS gene, named as AhAHAS2a and AhAHAS2b , respectively. However, compared with the wild type, mutant and wild type. In summary, these results indicate that the herbicide tolerance of the mutant might be caused by non-target-site-based resistance mechanism.
{"title":"Creation and identification of peanut germplasm tolerant to triazolopyrimidine herbicides","authors":"Jiaxing Liu, Yu Lan, Qian Xu, Hong-ye Li, Xin-Yu Zhou, Xuan Zhao, Y. Gan, Hong-Bo Liu, Yueping Zheng, Y. Zhan, Gang Zhang, Zhijun Zheng","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.1006.2022.14066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1006.2022.14066","url":null,"abstract":": At present, the germplasm resources of herbicide-tolerant peanut ( Arachis hypogaea ) are scarce, which restrict the di-versification of peanut-based cropping system. To create peanut germplasm with tolerance to different herbicides, a mutant popu-lation consisting of more than 55,000 peanut lines were generated by ethylmethanesulfonate mutagenesis. We screened this popu-lation with a variety of different herbicides to obtain multiple mutants with tolerance to different herbicides. One of these lines displayed strong tolerance to florasulam and flumetsulam in the experiments with foliar herbicide spraying under field conditions as well as in various laboratory evaluation for the herbicide tolerance, while the herbicide-tolerant trait did not have adverse effects on peanut yield and quality. To determine whether this trait was associated with a target-site-based resistance to the herbicides, we compared gene sequences and relative expression levels of these two acetohydroxyacid synthases (AHASs) as the herbicide target enzymes between the mutant and wild type. Molecular cloning and sequence analysis revealed that peanut chromosome A10 and B10 each contained a gene, named as AhAHAS1a and AhAHAS1b , which were highly similar to Arabidopsis AHAS . Peanut chromosome A08 and B08 also each carried an AHAS gene, named as AhAHAS2a and AhAHAS2b , respectively. However, compared with the wild type, mutant and wild type. In summary, these results indicate that the herbicide tolerance of the mutant might be caused by non-target-site-based resistance mechanism.","PeriodicalId":52132,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agronomica Sinica(China)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43798690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: Compared with commonly cultivated potato, colored potato is rich in nutrition, especially in anthocyanins, which is the focus of breeding research in recent years. To date, the number of potato SSR primers developed is limited, especially those related to colored potato. In this study, SSR loci were analyzed using MISA software based on the whole genome. The results were as follows: a total of 218,997 SSR loci were obtained from potato genome with an average of 3.39 kb. Mononucleotide was the main repeat type, accounting for 62.05% of the total SSR, followed by dinucleotide and trinucleotide, accounting for 22.39% and 13.11%, respectively. The repeats of the six nucleotide types ranged from 5 to 746, mainly from 5 to 10, accounting for 60.9% of the total SSRs. A total of 215 motif types were obtained in all detected SSRs. The dominant motifs of the other five nucleotide repeat types were mainly A/T-containing motifs, except for hexanucleotide repeat type. The length of SSR motifs ranged from 12 bp to 20 bp, accounting for 43.19% of all SSRs. A total of 100 SSR primers were designed by Primer 5 software, among which 48 primers were preliminarily screened using parents’ genomic DNA of the colored potato, with an effective amplification rate of 48%. Then, six F 2 individuals were randomly selected for PCR amplification, and 26 primers with clear and stable bands and high polymorphism were finely screened, with the average polymorphism rate of 72.52%. In summary, the number and types of SSR loci in potato genome was abundant and diverse, and the polymorphism was moderate. The developed primers were highly polymorphic, which can be used in the development of SSR markers, genetic diversity analysis, and SSR fingerprint of colored potato, providing a scientific basis for further mining genes related to anthocyanin content.
{"title":"Development and characterization analysis of potato SSR primers and the amplification research in colored potato materials","authors":"Xia Zhang, Zhuo Yu, Xing Jin, Xiaoxia Yu, Jingwei Li, Jiaqi Li","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.1006.2022.14065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1006.2022.14065","url":null,"abstract":": Compared with commonly cultivated potato, colored potato is rich in nutrition, especially in anthocyanins, which is the focus of breeding research in recent years. To date, the number of potato SSR primers developed is limited, especially those related to colored potato. In this study, SSR loci were analyzed using MISA software based on the whole genome. The results were as follows: a total of 218,997 SSR loci were obtained from potato genome with an average of 3.39 kb. Mononucleotide was the main repeat type, accounting for 62.05% of the total SSR, followed by dinucleotide and trinucleotide, accounting for 22.39% and 13.11%, respectively. The repeats of the six nucleotide types ranged from 5 to 746, mainly from 5 to 10, accounting for 60.9% of the total SSRs. A total of 215 motif types were obtained in all detected SSRs. The dominant motifs of the other five nucleotide repeat types were mainly A/T-containing motifs, except for hexanucleotide repeat type. The length of SSR motifs ranged from 12 bp to 20 bp, accounting for 43.19% of all SSRs. A total of 100 SSR primers were designed by Primer 5 software, among which 48 primers were preliminarily screened using parents’ genomic DNA of the colored potato, with an effective amplification rate of 48%. Then, six F 2 individuals were randomly selected for PCR amplification, and 26 primers with clear and stable bands and high polymorphism were finely screened, with the average polymorphism rate of 72.52%. In summary, the number and types of SSR loci in potato genome was abundant and diverse, and the polymorphism was moderate. The developed primers were highly polymorphic, which can be used in the development of SSR markers, genetic diversity analysis, and SSR fingerprint of colored potato, providing a scientific basis for further mining genes related to anthocyanin content.","PeriodicalId":52132,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agronomica Sinica(China)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45900395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1006.2022.14045
Rui-Dong Li, Yang Yin, Wenwen Song, Tingting Wu, Shi Sun, Tian-fu Han, Caifeng Xu, Cunxiang Wu, Shuixiu Hu
: To investigate the effects of planting density on leaf area index, dry matter accumulation and distribution, and yield components of different varieties, field experiments were conducted using two soybean varieties with different branching types (Zhongzuo XA12938, a main stem type variety; Zhonghuang 13, a branched type variety) under six planting densities (D1: 13.5×10 4 plants hm –2 ; D2: 18.0×10 4 plants hm –2 ; D3: 22.5×10 4 plants hm –2 ; D4: 13, respectively. Compared to Zhonghuang 13, the high LAI values in Zhongzuo XA12938 lasted longer and decreased less at the middle and late stages. The degree of increase in dry matter with density varied between treatments. At podding stage, dry weight increased by 77.53% and 51.21% in the high-density treatment (D6) compared to the low-density treatment (D1) for Zhongzuo XA12938 and Zhonghuang 13, respectively. The percentage of dry matter in reproductive organs at maturity stage increased and then decreased with increasing density. The highest yields were achieved under D5 (5000.45 kg hm –2 ) treatment and remained stable at increasing densities for Zhongzuo XA12938. The highest yields for both years were achieved under D4 (4477.90 kg hm –2 ) and D5 (3935.30 kg hm –2 ) treatments for Zhonghuang 13. The average yield of Zhongzuo XA12938 was significantly higher by 22.37% than that of Zhonghuang 13. Grey correlation analysis revealed that plant height and effective pods per unit area were closely related to yield in Zhongzuo XA12938, while effective grains per unit area and height of centre of gravity were more highly correlated with yield in Zhonghuang 13. Zhongzuo XA12938 moderate increase in density can increase the LAI and pro-long the duration of its high value, promote dry matter accumulation, increase the proportion of reproductive organs, and improve the yield in soybean. Varieties with strong meristem regulation can be used to improve yields and increase benefits by appropri-ately increasing planting density in production.
：研究种植密度对不同品种叶面积指数、干物质积累和分布以及产量构成的影响，采用两个不同分枝类型的大豆品种（中作XA12938，主茎型品种；中黄13，分枝型品种）在六种种植密度下进行了田间试验（D1：13.5×104株hm-2；D2：18.0×104株hm2；D3：22.5×104植株hm-2；D4:13。与中黄13相比，中左XA12938的高LAI持续时间更长，中后期下降幅度较小。不同处理间干物质随密度的增加程度不同-与中佐XA12938和中黄13的低密度处理（D1）相比。生殖器官成熟期干物质含量随密度的增加先增加后减少。中作XA12938在D5（5000.45 kg hm–2）处理下产量最高，并在密度增加时保持稳定。中黄13号在D4（4477.90 kg hm–2）和D5（3935.30 kg hm2–2）处理下产量最高。中作XA12938的平均产量比中黄13显著提高22.37%。灰色关联分析表明，中作XA12938的株高和单位面积有效荚数与产量密切相关，而中黄13的单位面积有效粒数和重心高度与产量的相关性更高。中佐XA12938适度增加密度可以提高大豆的LAI，延长其高值持续时间，促进干物质积累，增加生殖器官比例，提高产量。具有较强分生组织调控能力的品种可在生产中通过适当增加种植密度来提高产量和效益。
{"title":"Effects of close planting densities on assimilate accumulation and yield of soybean with different plant branching types","authors":"Rui-Dong Li, Yang Yin, Wenwen Song, Tingting Wu, Shi Sun, Tian-fu Han, Caifeng Xu, Cunxiang Wu, Shuixiu Hu","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.1006.2022.14045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1006.2022.14045","url":null,"abstract":": To investigate the effects of planting density on leaf area index, dry matter accumulation and distribution, and yield components of different varieties, field experiments were conducted using two soybean varieties with different branching types (Zhongzuo XA12938, a main stem type variety; Zhonghuang 13, a branched type variety) under six planting densities (D1: 13.5×10 4 plants hm –2 ; D2: 18.0×10 4 plants hm –2 ; D3: 22.5×10 4 plants hm –2 ; D4: 13, respectively. Compared to Zhonghuang 13, the high LAI values in Zhongzuo XA12938 lasted longer and decreased less at the middle and late stages. The degree of increase in dry matter with density varied between treatments. At podding stage, dry weight increased by 77.53% and 51.21% in the high-density treatment (D6) compared to the low-density treatment (D1) for Zhongzuo XA12938 and Zhonghuang 13, respectively. The percentage of dry matter in reproductive organs at maturity stage increased and then decreased with increasing density. The highest yields were achieved under D5 (5000.45 kg hm –2 ) treatment and remained stable at increasing densities for Zhongzuo XA12938. The highest yields for both years were achieved under D4 (4477.90 kg hm –2 ) and D5 (3935.30 kg hm –2 ) treatments for Zhonghuang 13. The average yield of Zhongzuo XA12938 was significantly higher by 22.37% than that of Zhonghuang 13. Grey correlation analysis revealed that plant height and effective pods per unit area were closely related to yield in Zhongzuo XA12938, while effective grains per unit area and height of centre of gravity were more highly correlated with yield in Zhonghuang 13. Zhongzuo XA12938 moderate increase in density can increase the LAI and pro-long the duration of its high value, promote dry matter accumulation, increase the proportion of reproductive organs, and improve the yield in soybean. Varieties with strong meristem regulation can be used to improve yields and increase benefits by appropri-ately increasing planting density in production.","PeriodicalId":52132,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agronomica Sinica(China)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48029748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1006.2022.14043
Xi Du, Zhilan Wang, Kangni Han, Shichao Lian, Yuxin Li, Lin-Yi Zhang, Jun Wang
RNA editing is one of the post-transcriptional regulation mechanisms of gene expression in the chloroplast genomes of higher plants, which affects the chloroplast development and leads to albino phenotype or yellow phenotype of plant leaves. In this study, chlorophyll content was measured with a UV spectrophotometer at seeding stage among Changnong 35, E752, and E1005, and chloroplast structure of leaves was observed with a transmission electron microscopy; the online tool Prep-CP was
{"title":"Identification and analysis of RNA editing sites of chloroplast genes in foxtail millet [<italic>Setaria italica</italic> (L.) P. Beauv.]","authors":"Xi Du, Zhilan Wang, Kangni Han, Shichao Lian, Yuxin Li, Lin-Yi Zhang, Jun Wang","doi":"10.3724/sp.j.1006.2022.14043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1006.2022.14043","url":null,"abstract":"RNA editing is one of the post-transcriptional regulation mechanisms of gene expression in the chloroplast genomes of higher plants, which affects the chloroplast development and leads to albino phenotype or yellow phenotype of plant leaves. In this study, chlorophyll content was measured with a UV spectrophotometer at seeding stage among Changnong 35, E752, and E1005, and chloroplast structure of leaves was observed with a transmission electron microscopy; the online tool Prep-CP was","PeriodicalId":52132,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agronomica Sinica(China)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44416929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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