Background: This study shows how the use of wheelchairs due to mobility impairment influences the configuration of interactional spaces and the initiation of conversation. It takes as a case in point the spatial arrangements and interactions between sports students using wheelchairs and their co-participants in a Danish sports high school. Method: Using the framework of research into ethnomethodological conversation analysis (EMCA) in atypical multimodal interaction, this study demonstrates how co-participants with and without impairments consider factors such as the position, size, design, and maneuverability of the wheelchair when they configure interactional spaces and organize conversational beginnings, and how the bodily orientation of the wheelchair user toward a specific physical environment and space is also taken into account. Furthermore, the co-participants’ conversation is adapted to fit these arrangements. The study describes features of spatial configurations that apply irrespective of the presence, type, and degree of disability in speech, language, and communication among the co-participants. The study draws on 10 hours of video recordings. Results and conclusion: The study indicates a need to investigate everyday conversation in its natural surroundings. Detailed descriptions of how co-participants draw upon available material, technological, and bodied ‘modes’ as resources may re-specify our understanding of aspects of conversations when impairments are involved.
{"title":"Analyzing interaction involving wheelchairs","authors":"Gitte Rasmussen","doi":"10.1558/jircd.25573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1558/jircd.25573","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study shows how the use of wheelchairs due to mobility impairment influences the configuration of interactional spaces and the initiation of conversation. It takes as a case in point the spatial arrangements and interactions between sports students using wheelchairs and their co-participants in a Danish sports high school.\u0000Method: Using the framework of research into ethnomethodological conversation analysis (EMCA) in atypical multimodal interaction, this study demonstrates how co-participants with and without impairments consider factors such as the position, size, design, and maneuverability of the wheelchair when they configure interactional spaces and organize conversational beginnings, and how the bodily orientation of the wheelchair user toward a specific physical environment and space is also taken into account. Furthermore, the co-participants’ conversation is adapted to fit these arrangements. The study describes features of spatial configurations that apply irrespective of the presence, type, and degree of disability in speech, language, and communication among the co-participants. The study draws on 10 hours of video recordings.\u0000Results and conclusion: The study indicates a need to investigate everyday conversation in its natural surroundings. Detailed descriptions of how co-participants draw upon available material, technological, and bodied ‘modes’ as resources may re-specify our understanding of aspects of conversations when impairments are involved.","PeriodicalId":52222,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Interactional Research in Communication Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49449312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: In this article, we analyze a group therapy session involving four 11- to 13-year-old French-speaking boys with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and their two female therapists. We focus on speaking turns in which the therapists reformulate the contents of a preceding turn produced by a child. Method: Methodologically, the study is based mainly on conversation analysis. Results: The analyses show that the therapists clearly aim to achieve meaningful learning outcomes with regard to the topic of conversation, and the reformulations constitute an essential tool in this process. Most often, reformulations are used to provide a more compact and more effective formulation of the turn in terms of the topic of conversation. Sometimes, a reformulation is used to assist a speaker who is experiencing problems with the formulation of their utterances. The reformulations also often include signs of approval and constitute positive feedback for the children. In some contexts, for example, in the case of turns including sensitive content, reformulations can constitute a strategy of avoiding repetition.
{"title":"Interactional functions of therapists’ reformulations in a group session involving French-speaking children with autism spectrum disorder","authors":"M. Wiklund, Simo K. Määttä","doi":"10.1558/jircd.24413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1558/jircd.24413","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In this article, we analyze a group therapy session involving four 11- to 13-year-old French-speaking boys with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and their two female therapists. We focus on speaking turns in which the therapists reformulate the contents of a preceding turn produced by a child.\u0000Method: Methodologically, the study is based mainly on conversation analysis.\u0000Results: The analyses show that the therapists clearly aim to achieve meaningful learning outcomes with regard to the topic of conversation, and the reformulations constitute an essential tool in this process. Most often, reformulations are used to provide a more compact and more effective formulation of the turn in terms of the topic of conversation. Sometimes, a reformulation is used to assist a speaker who is experiencing problems with the formulation of their utterances. The reformulations also often include signs of approval and constitute positive feedback for the children. In some contexts, for example, in the case of turns including sensitive content, reformulations can constitute a strategy of avoiding repetition.","PeriodicalId":52222,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Interactional Research in Communication Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43575064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Typically understood as a symptom of a speech disorder, stuttering is the verbal repetition of sounds, words, or phrases that suspend the progression of a speaker’s turn. Method: Using conversation analysis, over 180 phrasal multisyllabic stutters were found in audio recordings of peer telephone support in the United States. Results: Most phrasal stutters arise from early, within-turn indicators of potential sequential, semantic, or syntactic trouble. Typically produced with quick pacing, the stutters are varied, including the latching of sounds across words, abbreviated words, word blends, and/or unintelligible sounds. Elongated or cut-off sounds often indicate the seeming end of a stutter, with either abandonment or a typically fluent completion of a current turn occurring upon a stutter’s conclusion. Importantly, the other interactant never interrupts or completes the stutter. Discussion/conclusion: These findings contradict prior conversation analytic studies of stutters and describe stuttering as a normalized everyday action, where speakers can successfully navigate disfluency to reach eventual fluency.
{"title":"Destigmatizing disfluency","authors":"C. Pudlinski, Rachel S. Y. Chen","doi":"10.1558/jircd.24376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1558/jircd.24376","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Typically understood as a symptom of a speech disorder, stuttering is the verbal repetition of sounds, words, or phrases that suspend the progression of a speaker’s turn.\u0000Method: Using conversation analysis, over 180 phrasal multisyllabic stutters were found in audio recordings of peer telephone support in the United States.\u0000Results: Most phrasal stutters arise from early, within-turn indicators of potential sequential, semantic, or syntactic trouble. Typically produced with quick pacing, the stutters are varied, including the latching of sounds across words, abbreviated words, word blends, and/or unintelligible sounds. Elongated or cut-off sounds often indicate the seeming end of a stutter, with either abandonment or a typically fluent completion of a current turn occurring upon a stutter’s conclusion. Importantly, the other interactant never interrupts or completes the stutter.\u0000Discussion/conclusion: These findings contradict prior conversation analytic studies of stutters and describe stuttering as a normalized everyday action, where speakers can successfully navigate disfluency to reach eventual fluency.","PeriodicalId":52222,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Interactional Research in Communication Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45331902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: This study aims to identify the evidence-based teaching programs regarding communication and interaction that underpin Swedish compulsory schools for pupils with intellectual disabilities (ID). Method: This quantitative census survey fills a gap in the existing research literature, in that all qualified teachers in the schools report on the use of evidence-based teaching programs regarding communication and interaction for pupils with ID. Results: Only a small proportion of the teachers received any formal teacher training on evidence-based teaching programs or participated in any continuing professional development (CPD) on these programs. We also evidenced a teaching gap among Swedish special schools, as commonly used teaching programs differ within Swedish compulsory schools for pupils with ID. In addition, some commonly used teaching programs do not always promote interaction and learning for pupils. Discussion/conclusion: The teaching profession is in need of scientific guidance, in order to create evidence-based teaching practice for pupils with ID, which should be a focus of future studies.
{"title":"Evidence-based teaching in Swedish compulsory schools for pupils with intellectual disabilities","authors":"Jörgen Frostlund, Pia M Nordgren","doi":"10.1558/jircd.23205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1558/jircd.23205","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study aims to identify the evidence-based teaching programs regarding communication and interaction that underpin Swedish compulsory schools for pupils with intellectual disabilities (ID).\u0000Method: This quantitative census survey fills a gap in the existing research literature, in that all qualified teachers in the schools report on the use of evidence-based teaching programs regarding communication and interaction for pupils with ID.\u0000Results: Only a small proportion of the teachers received any formal teacher training on evidence-based teaching programs or participated in any continuing professional development (CPD) on these programs. We also evidenced a teaching gap among Swedish special schools, as commonly used teaching programs differ within Swedish compulsory schools for pupils with ID. In addition, some commonly used teaching programs do not always promote interaction and learning for pupils.\u0000Discussion/conclusion: The teaching profession is in need of scientific guidance, in order to create evidence-based teaching practice for pupils with ID, which should be a focus of future studies.","PeriodicalId":52222,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Interactional Research in Communication Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42329642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Matérne, Charlotta Plejert, A. Frank, Jessica Bui, K. Ridder, Camilla Warnicke
Background: Structured water-dance intervention (SWAN) is an aquatic method customized for adults with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD). The aims are to describe and discuss how the SWAN program intervention leader, instructors, and support persons (i.e., the staff) co-operate and facilitate interaction with participants with intellectual and multiple disabilities (IMD), and to identify expressions of emotion by the participants during a SWAN. Method: Video recordings of the interactions were analyzed based on dialogical theory and conversation analysis (CA). Results: The analysis showed that SWAN can be described as an institutional activity, on the one hand governed by an overall, pre-planned structure, and on the other hand affected by the moment-by-moment co-operation and interaction between participants and the staff as the intervention is taking place; also, how several emotional expressions by the participants are responded to by the staff. Conclusions: In interaction during the SWAN, the participants are considered as competent interaction partners, and their multimodal expressions are taken into account by the support persons, instructors, and intervention leader through adaptation to the activity.
{"title":"Interaction and multimodal expressions in a water-dance intervention for adults with intellectual and multiple disabilities","authors":"M. Matérne, Charlotta Plejert, A. Frank, Jessica Bui, K. Ridder, Camilla Warnicke","doi":"10.1558/jircd.22678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1558/jircd.22678","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Structured water-dance intervention (SWAN) is an aquatic method customized for adults with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD). The aims are to describe and discuss how the SWAN program intervention leader, instructors, and support persons (i.e., the staff) co-operate and facilitate interaction with participants with intellectual and multiple disabilities (IMD), and to identify expressions of emotion by the participants during a SWAN.\u0000Method: Video recordings of the interactions were analyzed based on dialogical theory and conversation analysis (CA).\u0000Results: The analysis showed that SWAN can be described as an institutional activity, on the one hand governed by an overall, pre-planned structure, and on the other hand affected by the moment-by-moment co-operation and interaction between participants and the staff as the intervention is taking place; also, how several emotional expressions by the participants are responded to by the staff.\u0000Conclusions: In interaction during the SWAN, the participants are considered as competent interaction partners, and their multimodal expressions are taken into account by the support persons, instructors, and intervention leader through adaptation to the activity.","PeriodicalId":52222,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Interactional Research in Communication Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49583300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: It has been widely accepted that positive identity construction after traumatic brain injury (TBI) results in better rehabilitation outcomes. However, there is limited information available on the linguistic resources that individuals use to construct such identities, and how the context in which they are communicating may influence this construction of self. This research uses the tools of systemic functional linguistics to examine the linguistic construction of identity in an individual with moderate-severe chronic TBI. Method: The individual participated in two different conversations, one with a male stranger and the other with a female brain injury researcher, and the conversation transcripts were analyzed using tools of systemic functional linguistics. Results: The identities communicated and linguistic construction of self in both contexts had many similarities. In both conversations, the participant presented a positive perspective of his post brain injury life, and he described similar relationships. Nevertheless, there were also noteworthy differences. With the stranger, he distanced himself from the topic of the injury by not discussing his pre-injury self or his injury-related difficulties. However, with the researcher, he contrasted a negative pre-injury persona with his current, improved post-injury self. Additionally, when conveying information about his relationships to the stranger he projected a more powerful and in-charge identity than with the researcher. Discussion: An analysis of language using systemic functional linguistics can reveal important information about how individuals communicate their identity. Additionally, the identities communicated can be highly variable depending on the conversation partner, the context of the interaction, and sociocultural gender norms. Conclusion: The results suggest that contextual influences on identity construction have important clinical implications for rehabilitation.
{"title":"influence of context on identity construction after traumatic brain injury","authors":"L. Keegan, N. Müller","doi":"10.1558/jircd.21020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1558/jircd.21020","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: It has been widely accepted that positive identity construction after traumatic brain injury (TBI) results in better rehabilitation outcomes. However, there is limited information available on the linguistic resources that individuals use to construct such identities, and how the context in which they are communicating may influence this construction of self. This research uses the tools of systemic functional linguistics to examine the linguistic construction of identity in an individual with moderate-severe chronic TBI.\u0000Method: The individual participated in two different conversations, one with a male stranger and the other with a female brain injury researcher, and the conversation transcripts were analyzed using tools of systemic functional linguistics.\u0000Results: The identities communicated and linguistic construction of self in both contexts had many similarities. In both conversations, the participant presented a positive perspective of his post brain injury life, and he described similar relationships. Nevertheless, there were also noteworthy differences. With the stranger, he distanced himself from the topic of the injury by not discussing his pre-injury self or his injury-related difficulties. However, with the researcher, he contrasted a negative pre-injury persona with his current, improved post-injury self. Additionally, when conveying information about his relationships to the stranger he projected a more powerful and in-charge identity than with the researcher.\u0000Discussion: An analysis of language using systemic functional linguistics can reveal important information about how individuals communicate their identity. Additionally, the identities communicated can be highly variable depending on the conversation partner, the context of the interaction, and sociocultural gender norms.\u0000Conclusion: The results suggest that contextual influences on identity construction have important clinical implications for rehabilitation.","PeriodicalId":52222,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Interactional Research in Communication Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45593129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The purpose of this exploratory study was to describe the feelings about and attitudes toward stuttering expressed in the narrative responses of a large sample of adults who stutter. Method: Eighty-eight adults who stutter answered an online survey questionnaire on their feelings about their stuttering. Thematic analysis was conducted to investigate the individual nuances of each participant’s response, which gave rise to general themes across the sample. Results: Five major themes emerged from participants’ responses regarding their feelings about their stuttering: (I) negative feelings about stuttering; (II) negative attitudes toward stuttering; (III) negative impact on quality of life; (IV) the acceptance spectrum; and (V) exclusively positive feelings and attitudes about stuttering. Negative feelings included embarrassment and shame, frustration, and grief, while negative attitudes were hatred, dislike, and annoyance. Stuttering’s negative impact on participants’ lives in general as well as on specific aspects such as job interviews were described. Participants reported varying degrees of acceptance, highlighting that acceptance is not an ‘all or nothing’ phenomenon. Examples of positive feelings were confidence and comfort. Conclusion: The vast majority of participants included negatively charged elements in their responses, and acceptance was largely described as being a fluid phenomenon, regardless of participants’ ages. Findings indicate clinical implications for addressing feelings, attitudes, and acceptance across the lifespan.
{"title":"Feelings and the acceptance spectrum in adult stuttering","authors":"Angela M. Medina, Gretel Perez","doi":"10.1558/jircd.21174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1558/jircd.21174","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The purpose of this exploratory study was to describe the feelings about and attitudes toward stuttering expressed in the narrative responses of a large sample of adults who stutter.\u0000Method: Eighty-eight adults who stutter answered an online survey questionnaire on their feelings about their stuttering. Thematic analysis was conducted to investigate the individual nuances of each participant’s response, which gave rise to general themes across the sample.\u0000Results: Five major themes emerged from participants’ responses regarding their feelings about their stuttering: (I) negative feelings about stuttering; (II) negative attitudes toward stuttering; (III) negative impact on quality of life; (IV) the acceptance spectrum; and (V) exclusively positive feelings and attitudes about stuttering. Negative feelings included embarrassment and shame, frustration, and grief, while negative attitudes were hatred, dislike, and annoyance. Stuttering’s negative impact on participants’ lives in general as well as on specific aspects such as job interviews were described. Participants reported varying degrees of acceptance, highlighting that acceptance is not an ‘all or nothing’ phenomenon. Examples of positive feelings were confidence and comfort.\u0000Conclusion: The vast majority of participants included negatively charged elements in their responses, and acceptance was largely described as being a fluid phenomenon, regardless of participants’ ages. Findings indicate clinical implications for addressing feelings, attitudes, and acceptance across the lifespan.","PeriodicalId":52222,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Interactional Research in Communication Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44989831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michael Azios, M. Stamatis, Thales De Nardo, J. Tetnowski
Objective: The aims of this investigation were to explore (a) the experiences of women who stutter in university settings; (b) the impact of stuttering related to the emotions attached to stuttering; (c) the impact of stuttering on relationships for women; and (d) coping and management of stuttering within the university setting. Method: Interpretive phenomenological analysis was used to understand the lived experiences of women who stutter when attending university. In-depth semi-structured interviews were collected from seven women who stutter and subjected to inductive analysis. Results: Qualitative data analysis indicated that participants reported four themes related to their university experiences: ‘Role of support’; ‘Client-centered therapy’; ‘Role of authoritative figures’; and ‘The stuttering stereotype exists.’ Discussion: Women are presented with unique challenges while attending university, as they must combat stereotypes related to stuttering and being a woman, and they must also overcome the related obstacles. Conclusions: There is much work to be done in the university setting, in order to change how people who stutter are portrayed and how stuttering is perceived. These data point toward the need for advocacy training within the university setting, and for more holistic approaches to be utilized in stuttering intervention.
{"title":"impact of stuttering in the university","authors":"Michael Azios, M. Stamatis, Thales De Nardo, J. Tetnowski","doi":"10.1558/jircd.21456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1558/jircd.21456","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The aims of this investigation were to explore (a) the experiences of women who stutter in university settings; (b) the impact of stuttering related to the emotions attached to stuttering; (c) the impact of stuttering on relationships for women; and (d) coping and management of stuttering within the university setting.\u0000Method: Interpretive phenomenological analysis was used to understand the lived experiences of women who stutter when attending university. In-depth semi-structured interviews were collected from seven women who stutter and subjected to inductive analysis.\u0000Results: Qualitative data analysis indicated that participants reported four themes related to their university experiences: ‘Role of support’; ‘Client-centered therapy’; ‘Role of authoritative figures’; and ‘The stuttering stereotype exists.’\u0000Discussion: Women are presented with unique challenges while attending university, as they must combat stereotypes related to stuttering and being a woman, and they must also overcome the related obstacles.\u0000Conclusions: There is much work to be done in the university setting, in order to change how people who stutter are portrayed and how stuttering is perceived. These data point toward the need for advocacy training within the university setting, and for more holistic approaches to be utilized in stuttering intervention.","PeriodicalId":52222,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Interactional Research in Communication Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41971526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: Conversation therapy in aphasia is a complex but effective type of intervention aimed at changing the linguistic and non-linguistic behaviors of persons with aphasia and/or their conversational partners. Recent studies have examined the experimental effects of conversation-based intervention and found significant change in targeted conversation strategies used by people with aphasia during therapy contexts. This investigation examines the generalization of therapy effects to naturally occurring conversations outside therapy. Method: The current study uses a conversation analysis framework to examine the generalization of this change to conversations between a person with aphasia and their spouse. Results: Conversation analysis revealed changes in the sequential environment of various strategies that were targeted in conversation-based intervention. Most notably, there was a change in the flexibility and deployment of gesture type and the act of writing as a means of achieving mutual understanding. Discussion: This study adds to the growing body of evidence supporting conversation-based interventions. Qualitative analysis of conversation provides important information on a client’s response to intervention and the generalization of targeted strategies to everyday contexts. Conclusion: Given the nature of complex, collaborative, and unplanned conversation, qualitative approaches allow clinicians and researchers to better understand why clients deploy strategies of interest at various junctures. These types of analyses are vital for understanding if and how meaningful life participation is achieved after skilled intervention.
{"title":"Understanding mechanisms of change after conversation-focused therapy in aphasia","authors":"Jamie H. Azios, Brent E Archer, Jaime B Lee","doi":"10.1558/jircd.21043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1558/jircd.21043","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Conversation therapy in aphasia is a complex but effective type of intervention aimed at changing the linguistic and non-linguistic behaviors of persons with aphasia and/or their conversational partners. Recent studies have examined the experimental effects of conversation-based intervention and found significant change in targeted conversation strategies used by people with aphasia during therapy contexts. This investigation examines the generalization of therapy effects to naturally occurring conversations outside therapy.\u0000Method: The current study uses a conversation analysis framework to examine the generalization of this change to conversations between a person with aphasia and their spouse.\u0000Results: Conversation analysis revealed changes in the sequential environment of various strategies that were targeted in conversation-based intervention. Most notably, there was a change in the flexibility and deployment of gesture type and the act of writing as a means of achieving mutual understanding.\u0000Discussion: This study adds to the growing body of evidence supporting conversation-based interventions. Qualitative analysis of conversation provides important information on a client’s response to intervention and the generalization of targeted strategies to everyday contexts.\u0000Conclusion: Given the nature of complex, collaborative, and unplanned conversation, qualitative approaches allow clinicians and researchers to better understand why clients deploy strategies of interest at various junctures. These types of analyses are vital for understanding if and how meaningful life participation is achieved after skilled intervention.","PeriodicalId":52222,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Interactional Research in Communication Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41543326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: This study investigates and describes the experience of stigma in adults who self-identify as having a lisp. It aims to shed light on and legitimize adults who self-identify as having a lisp through what emerges from their described lived experiences and in terms of minor bodily stigma and models of disability. Method: Data were gathered through qualitative semi-structured interviews with seven self-identified adults who lisp. These interviews were conducted and audio-recorded in person, via Skype, and via a conference call setup, depending on the level of convenience and the preferences of the participants. Interviews were transcribed. Transcript data underwent systematic thematic analysis rooted in qualitative research theory. Results: One overriding theme, three underlying themes, and eight subordinate thematic categories were yielded from the described lived experiences of the participants. Discussion: Results are examined in light of previous stigma literature establishing lisping as a minor bodily stigma, as well as models of disability. The experiences of stigma in adults who self-identify as having a lisp are varied and reflect internalized as well as public stigma. Conclusions: The thorough exploration of emergent themes, requiring layers of repeated analysis and consideration, allows for the investigation, acknowledgement, illumination, and legitimization of the experience of stigma in adults who self-identify as having a lisp.
{"title":"experience of stigma in adults who lisp","authors":"Sarah Lockenvitz, Judith Oxley, J. Tetnowski","doi":"10.1558/jircd.21204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1558/jircd.21204","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study investigates and describes the experience of stigma in adults who self-identify as having a lisp. It aims to shed light on and legitimize adults who self-identify as having a lisp through what emerges from their described lived experiences and in terms of minor bodily stigma and models of disability.\u0000Method: Data were gathered through qualitative semi-structured interviews with seven self-identified adults who lisp. These interviews were conducted and audio-recorded in person, via Skype, and via a conference call setup, depending on the level of convenience and the preferences of the participants. Interviews were transcribed. Transcript data underwent systematic thematic analysis rooted in qualitative research theory.\u0000Results: One overriding theme, three underlying themes, and eight subordinate thematic categories were yielded from the described lived experiences of the participants.\u0000Discussion: Results are examined in light of previous stigma literature establishing lisping as a minor bodily stigma, as well as models of disability. The experiences of stigma in adults who self-identify as having a lisp are varied and reflect internalized as well as public stigma.\u0000Conclusions: The thorough exploration of emergent themes, requiring layers of repeated analysis and consideration, allows for the investigation, acknowledgement, illumination, and legitimization of the experience of stigma in adults who self-identify as having a lisp.","PeriodicalId":52222,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Interactional Research in Communication Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46840296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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