This study describes the multiple coconstruction process of aided utterances that occur when non-speaking people use a communication book in their everyday conversations. Previous studies have reported that coconstruction is present both in the progress of pointing-voicing pairs and in the negotiation of meanings. Adopting the concepts and the tools of multimodal conversation analysis, this study demonstrates how two non-speaking boys and their speech and language therapists utilized simultaneously six interactional resources that were interwoven in different multimodal practices during their coconstruction of aided utterances. The observations elicited by microanalysis provide an insight into the temporal, co-operative and progressive nature of conversations that are constructed with a communication book. The findings of this study are helpful for professionals in assessing and scaffolding aided communicators during their conversations with their significant communicative partners.
{"title":"Coconstructing in Conversations Using a Communication Book","authors":"Irina Savolainen, Anu Klippi, Kaisa Launonen","doi":"10.1558/JIRCD.36668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1558/JIRCD.36668","url":null,"abstract":"This study describes the multiple coconstruction process of aided utterances that occur when non-speaking people use a communication book in their everyday conversations. Previous studies have reported that coconstruction is present both in the progress of pointing-voicing pairs and in the negotiation of meanings. Adopting the concepts and the tools of multimodal conversation analysis, this study demonstrates how two non-speaking boys and their speech and language therapists utilized simultaneously six interactional resources that were interwoven in different multimodal practices during their coconstruction of aided utterances. The observations elicited by microanalysis provide an insight into the temporal, co-operative and progressive nature of conversations that are constructed with a communication book. The findings of this study are helpful for professionals in assessing and scaffolding aided communicators during their conversations with their significant communicative partners.","PeriodicalId":52222,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Interactional Research in Communication Disorders","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1558/JIRCD.36668","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44162342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diagnosis has long played a central role in the field of speech-language pathology. It governs how clinicians define what they do, who they work with, and how they carry out their practice. Diagnosis also impacts individual clients, often negatively. In this sense, our field can be characterized as diagnosogenetic. This article describes the historical role diagnosis has played in the field since the late nineteenth century, argues how diagnosogenic thinking can be probematic, and offers alternative ways of construing and executing our clinical practices.
{"title":"Diagnosogenic thinking in speech-language pathology and some viable alternatives","authors":"J. Duchan","doi":"10.1558/JIRCD.36997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1558/JIRCD.36997","url":null,"abstract":"Diagnosis has long played a central role in the field of speech-language pathology. It governs how clinicians define what they do, who they work with, and how they carry out their practice. Diagnosis also impacts individual clients, often negatively. In this sense, our field can be characterized as diagnosogenetic. This article describes the historical role diagnosis has played in the field since the late nineteenth century, argues how diagnosogenic thinking can be probematic, and offers alternative ways of construing and executing our clinical practices.","PeriodicalId":52222,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Interactional Research in Communication Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47023818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Supporting adultsSupporting adults with intellectual disabilities by protecting their footing in a challenging conversational taskwith intellectual disabilities by protecting their footing in a challenging conversational task","authors":"C. Antaki","doi":"10.1558/JIRCD.36199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1558/JIRCD.36199","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52222,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Interactional Research in Communication Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2018-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1558/JIRCD.36199","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42128982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Clinical practice represents a kind of cultural borderland territory bringing together people from different walks of life with distinctive social experiences and expectations related to gender, age, status, and health, to name a few, who otherwise might not encounter one another (Mattingly, 2010). In these borderland encounters, culture is realized and made relevant during moments of social differentiation. This paper focuses on how such social differences manifest themselves in clinical discourse through encounters with otherness—otherness referring to a negative cultural capacity to transform those who are different into devalued Others. Interrelated themes of space, change and transformation, group membership categorization, and the structuring of participation in clinical interaction are used as an exploratory framework to illuminate the construction of otherness. By conceiving of the clinical world as a territory where otherness is woven into the experiences of those we are seeking to help, it is hoped that practitioners will be encouraged to develop a more nuanced understanding of clinical practice as cultural borderlands.
{"title":"Otherness in the Clinical Borderlands","authors":"D. Kovarsky","doi":"10.1558/JIRCD.36206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1558/JIRCD.36206","url":null,"abstract":"Clinical practice represents a kind of cultural borderland territory bringing together people from different walks of life with distinctive social experiences and expectations related to gender, age, status, and health, to name a few, who otherwise might not encounter one another (Mattingly, 2010). In these borderland encounters, culture is realized and made relevant during moments of social differentiation. This paper focuses on how such social differences manifest themselves in clinical discourse through encounters with otherness—otherness referring to a negative cultural capacity to transform those who are different into devalued Others. Interrelated themes of space, change and transformation, group membership categorization, and the structuring of participation in clinical interaction are used as an exploratory framework to illuminate the construction of otherness. By conceiving of the clinical world as a territory where otherness is woven into the experiences of those we are seeking to help, it is hoped that practitioners will be encouraged to develop a more nuanced understanding of clinical practice as cultural borderlands.","PeriodicalId":52222,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Interactional Research in Communication Disorders","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2018-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1558/JIRCD.36206","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41542239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Verbal play, or the playful manipulation of elements of language, is a pervasive component of social interaction, serving important interpersonal functions. We analyzed verbal play in the interactional discourse of ten healthy younger pairs and ten healthy older pairs as they completed a collaborative referencing task. A total of 1,893 verbal play episodes were coded. While there were no group differences in verbal play frequency, age-related differences in the quality and function of these episodes emerged. While older participants engaged in more complex, extended, and reciprocal episodes that supported the social nature of communicative interactions (e.g., teasing), younger participants were more likely to engage in verbal play episodes for the purpose of successful task completion. Despite these age-related variations in the deployment of verbal play, verbal play is a robust interactional discourse resource in healthy aging, highlighting an element of human cognition that does not appear to decline with age.
{"title":"Verbal play as a discourse resource in the social interactions of older and younger communication pairs.","authors":"Samantha Shune, Melissa Collins Duff","doi":"10.1558/jircd.v5i2.193","DOIUrl":"10.1558/jircd.v5i2.193","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Verbal play, or the playful manipulation of elements of language, is a pervasive component of social interaction, serving important interpersonal functions. We analyzed verbal play in the interactional discourse of ten healthy younger pairs and ten healthy older pairs as they completed a collaborative referencing task. A total of 1,893 verbal play episodes were coded. While there were no group differences in verbal play frequency, age-related differences in the quality and function of these episodes emerged. While older participants engaged in more complex, extended, and reciprocal episodes that supported the social nature of communicative interactions (e.g., teasing), younger participants were more likely to engage in verbal play episodes for the purpose of successful task completion. Despite these age-related variations in the deployment of verbal play, verbal play is a robust interactional discourse resource in healthy aging, highlighting an element of human cognition that does not appear to decline with age.</p>","PeriodicalId":52222,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Interactional Research in Communication Disorders","volume":"5 2","pages":"193-216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4256531/pdf/nihms-618957.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32888952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The concept of behaviorism and its influence on research and practice in human communication sciences and disorders is critically reviewed; historical and critical analysis suggests that this concept is less beneficial than once believed. Consequently, suggestions are made to overcome some of its influence. Based on the contemporary philosophy of science termed “scientific realism”, suggestions for more qualitative research methodologies are discussed. A demonstration of how scientific realism provides a context for employing the concept of generalization in qualitative research is provided.
{"title":"Prolegomenon: Addressing the tyranny of old ideas","authors":"Jack S. Damico, M. Ball","doi":"10.1558/JIRCD.V1I1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1558/JIRCD.V1I1.1","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of behaviorism and its influence on research and practice in human communication sciences and disorders is critically reviewed; historical and critical analysis suggests that this concept is less beneficial than once believed. Consequently, suggestions are made to overcome some of its influence. Based on the contemporary philosophy of science termed “scientific realism”, suggestions for more qualitative research methodologies are discussed. A demonstration of how scientific realism provides a context for employing the concept of generalization in qualitative research is provided.","PeriodicalId":52222,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Interactional Research in Communication Disorders","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2010-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67554813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Many individuals with developmental disabilities have difficulty using speech as their primary method of communication. These individuals often use visual communication technologies that produce speech when symbols (letters, icons) are typed or selected. When an external aid is used to assist with message preparation, it is called aided augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). The current report illustrates how the design of AAC displays can influence both the efficiency of visual attention to the displays, and also the rate and flexibility of communication produced by three young adults with Down syndrome while using these displays. We designed three versions of AAC displays that prior laboratory research has indicated would influence efficiency of visual attention. These displays were then each used to support communication during a storybook reading interaction between individuals with Down syndrome and a trained communication partner. Visual attention was measured via mobile eye-tracking technologies, and communication behavior was recorded via video camera. Greater efficiency of visual attention and more frequent and flexible communication was observed when the AAC display was optimally designed. The results illustrate the value of eye-tracking technologies for examining communication behavior using AAC.
{"title":"Impact of the design of visual communication supports on social interaction by individuals with Down syndrome","authors":"","doi":"10.1558/jircd.19316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1558/jircd.19316","url":null,"abstract":"Many individuals with developmental disabilities have difficulty using speech as their primary method of communication. These individuals often use visual communication technologies that produce speech when symbols (letters, icons) are typed or selected. When an external aid is used to assist with message preparation, it is called aided augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). The current report illustrates how the design of AAC displays can influence both the efficiency of visual attention to the displays, and also the rate and flexibility of communication produced by three young adults with Down syndrome while using these displays. We designed three versions of AAC displays that prior laboratory research has indicated would influence efficiency of visual attention. These displays were then each used to support communication during a storybook reading interaction between individuals with Down syndrome and a trained communication partner. Visual attention was measured via mobile eye-tracking technologies, and communication behavior was recorded via video camera. Greater efficiency of visual attention and more frequent and flexible communication was observed when the AAC display was optimally designed. The results illustrate the value of eye-tracking technologies for examining communication behavior using AAC.","PeriodicalId":52222,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Interactional Research in Communication Disorders","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67554324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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