Marwa El-Mahalawy, M. Samuel, N. Fouda, S. El-Bahloul
Wire Electrical Discharge Machining (WEDM) is a non-traditional thermal machining process used to manufacture irregularly profiled parts. Machining of ductile cast iron (ASTM A536) under several machining factors, which affect the WEDM process, is presented. The considered machining factors are pulse on time (Ton), pulse off (Toff), peak current (Ip), voltage (V), and wire speed (S). To optimize the machining factors, their setting is performed via an experimental design using the Taguchi method. The optimization objective is to achieve maximum Material Removal Rate (MRR) and minimum Surface Roughness (SR). Additionally, the analysis of variance (ANOVA) is used to identify the most significant factor. Also, a regression analysis is carried out to forecast the MRR and SR dependent on defined machining factors. Depending on consequences, the best regulation factors for reaching the maximum MRR are Ton = 32 μs, Toff = 8 μs, Ip = 4 A, S = 40 mm/min. and V = 70 volt. Whereas, the optimal control factors that achieve the minimum SR is Ton = 8 μs, Toff = 8 μs, Ip = 2 A, S = 20 mm/min, and V= 30 volt. It is hypothesized that the perfect combination of control factors that achieves minimum SR and maximum MRR is Ton = 8 μs, Toff = 8 μs, Ip=5 A, S=50 mm/min. The microstructure of the machined surface in the optimal machining conditions shows a very narrow recast layer at the top of the machined surface.
线切割加工(WEDM)是一种用于制造异形零件的非传统热加工工艺。介绍了影响电火花线切割加工的几种加工因素对球墨铸铁(ASTM A536)的加工影响。考虑的加工因素是脉冲接通时间(Ton)，脉冲关闭(Toff)，峰值电流(Ip)，电压(V)和线速度(S)。为了优化加工因素，通过使用田口方法的实验设计进行了它们的设置。优化目标是实现最大的材料去除率(MRR)和最小的表面粗糙度(SR)。此外，方差分析(ANOVA)是用来确定最显著的因素。此外，还进行了回归分析，预测MRR和SR依赖于定义的加工因素。根据不同的结果，达到最大MRR的最佳调节因子为Ton = 32 μs, Toff = 8 μs, Ip = 4 A, S = 40 mm/min。V = 70伏。而实现最小SR的最优控制因子为:Ton = 8 μs, Toff = 8 μs, Ip = 2 A, S = 20 mm/min, V= 30伏。假设达到最小SR和最大MRR的控制因子的最佳组合为:Ton = 8 μs, Toff = 8 μs, Ip=5 A, S=50 mm/min。在最佳加工条件下，加工表面的显微组织显示在加工表面的顶部有一个非常窄的重铸层。
{"title":"Investigating the Effect of Wire Electrical Discharge Machining Factors for Ductile Cast Iron (ASTM A536)","authors":"Marwa El-Mahalawy, M. Samuel, N. Fouda, S. El-Bahloul","doi":"10.22068/IJIEPR.1120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22068/IJIEPR.1120","url":null,"abstract":"Wire Electrical Discharge Machining (WEDM) is a non-traditional thermal machining process used to manufacture irregularly profiled parts. Machining of ductile cast iron (ASTM A536) under several machining factors, which affect the WEDM process, is presented. The considered machining factors are pulse on time (Ton), pulse off (Toff), peak current (Ip), voltage (V), and wire speed (S). To optimize the machining factors, their setting is performed via an experimental design using the Taguchi method. The optimization objective is to achieve maximum Material Removal Rate (MRR) and minimum Surface Roughness (SR). Additionally, the analysis of variance (ANOVA) is used to identify the most significant factor. Also, a regression analysis is carried out to forecast the MRR and SR dependent on defined machining factors. Depending on consequences, the best regulation factors for reaching the maximum MRR are Ton = 32 μs, Toff = 8 μs, Ip = 4 A, S = 40 mm/min. and V = 70 volt. Whereas, the optimal control factors that achieve the minimum SR is Ton = 8 μs, Toff = 8 μs, Ip = 2 A, S = 20 mm/min, and V= 30 volt. It is hypothesized that the perfect combination of control factors that achieves minimum SR and maximum MRR is Ton = 8 μs, Toff = 8 μs, Ip=5 A, S=50 mm/min. The microstructure of the machined surface in the optimal machining conditions shows a very narrow recast layer at the top of the machined surface.","PeriodicalId":52223,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Production Research","volume":"27 1","pages":"0-0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88027334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shima Khalilinezhad, H. Fazlollahtabar, B. Minaei-Bidgoli, H. E. Nosratabadi
One of the challenges that banks are faced with is recognition and differentiation of customers and providing customized services to them. Recognizing valuable customers based on their field of business is one of the key objectives and competitive advantages of banks. To determine guild patterns of the valuable customers based on their transactions and value of each guild for the bank, the banking tools on which the customer’s transactions take place need to be surveyed. Using deeper insights into the value of each guild, banks can provide customized services to ensure satisfaction and loyalty of their customers. Study population was comprised of the holders of point of sale (POS) devices in different guilds and the transactions done through the devices in an 18-months period. Datamining methods were employed on the set of data and the results were analyzed. Data preparation and analysis were done though online analytical processing (OLAP) method and to find guild patterns of the bank customers, value of each customer was determined using recency, frequency, monetary (RFM) method and clustered based on K-means algorithm. Finally, specifications of customers in the most valuable cluster were analyzed based on their guilds and the rules were extracted from the model developed using C5 decision tree algorithm.
{"title":"Detecting Valuable Customers Using the Trade Patterns of Financial Transactions Applying Integrated RFM and OLAP","authors":"Shima Khalilinezhad, H. Fazlollahtabar, B. Minaei-Bidgoli, H. E. Nosratabadi","doi":"10.22068/IJIEPR.32.3.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22068/IJIEPR.32.3.5","url":null,"abstract":"One of the challenges that banks are faced with is recognition and differentiation of customers and providing customized services to them. Recognizing valuable customers based on their field of business is one of the key objectives and competitive advantages of banks. To determine guild patterns of the valuable customers based on their transactions and value of each guild for the bank, the banking tools on which the customer’s transactions take place need to be surveyed. Using deeper insights into the value of each guild, banks can provide customized services to ensure satisfaction and loyalty of their customers. Study population was comprised of the holders of point of sale (POS) devices in different guilds and the transactions done through the devices in an 18-months period. Datamining methods were employed on the set of data and the results were analyzed. Data preparation and analysis were done though online analytical processing (OLAP) method and to find guild patterns of the bank customers, value of each customer was determined using recency, frequency, monetary (RFM) method and clustered based on K-means algorithm. Finally, specifications of customers in the most valuable cluster were analyzed based on their guilds and the rules were extracted from the model developed using C5 decision tree algorithm.","PeriodicalId":52223,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Production Research","volume":"22 1","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85826774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-31DOI: 10.26706/jpie.2.1.20210103
Nilesh C Kanojiya
{"title":"Design and Implementation Strategies of 5S in Industry","authors":"Nilesh C Kanojiya","doi":"10.26706/jpie.2.1.20210103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26706/jpie.2.1.20210103","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52223,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Production Research","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86759955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-15DOI: 10.26706/jpie.2.1.20210102
Karthikraj B. Tavarageri
{"title":"Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites: A Study","authors":"Karthikraj B. Tavarageri","doi":"10.26706/jpie.2.1.20210102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26706/jpie.2.1.20210102","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52223,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Production Research","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73083321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
So far, numerous studies have been developed to evaluate the performance of “Decision-Making Units (DMUs)” through “Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)” and “Network Data Envelopment Analysis (NDEA)” models in different places, but most of these studies have measured the performance of DMUs by efficiency criteria. The productivity is considered as a key factor in the success and development of DMUs and its evaluation is more comprehensive than efficiency evaluation. Recently, studies have been developed to evaluate the productivity of DMUs through the mentioned models but firstly, the number of these studies especially in NDEA models is scarce, and secondly, productivity in these studies is often evaluated through the “productivity indexes”. These indexes require at least two time periods and also the two important elements of efficiency and effectiveness in these studies are not significantly evident. So, the purpose of this study is to develop a new approach in the NDEA models using “Multi-Objective Programming (MOP)” method in order to measure productivity of DMUs through efficiency and effectiveness “simultaneously, in one stage, in a period, and interdependently”. “Simultaneous and single-stage” study provides the advantage of sensitivity analysis in the model. One case study demonstrates application of the proposed approach in the branches of a Bank. Using proposed approach revealed that it is possible for a branch to be efficient by considering its subdivisions separately but not be efficient by considering the conjunction between its subdivisions. In addition, a branch may be efficient by considering the conjunction between its subdivisions but not be productive. Efficient branches are not necessarily productive, but productive branches are also efficient.
{"title":"A new approach in the network DEA models for measurement of productivity of decision-making units using multi-objective programming method","authors":"Jafar Esmaeeli, M. Amiri, H. Taghizadeh","doi":"10.22068/IJIEPR.33.2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22068/IJIEPR.33.2.6","url":null,"abstract":"So far, numerous studies have been developed to evaluate the performance of “Decision-Making Units (DMUs)” through “Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)” and “Network Data Envelopment Analysis (NDEA)” models in different places, but most of these studies have measured the performance of DMUs by efficiency criteria. The productivity is considered as a key factor in the success and development of DMUs and its evaluation is more comprehensive than efficiency evaluation. Recently, studies have been developed to evaluate the productivity of DMUs through the mentioned models but firstly, the number of these studies especially in NDEA models is scarce, and secondly, productivity in these studies is often evaluated through the “productivity indexes”. These indexes require at least two time periods and also the two important elements of efficiency and effectiveness in these studies are not significantly evident. So, the purpose of this study is to develop a new approach in the NDEA models using “Multi-Objective Programming (MOP)” method in order to measure productivity of DMUs through efficiency and effectiveness “simultaneously, in one stage, in a period, and interdependently”. “Simultaneous and single-stage” study provides the advantage of sensitivity analysis in the model. One case study demonstrates application of the proposed approach in the branches of a Bank. Using proposed approach revealed that it is possible for a branch to be efficient by considering its subdivisions separately but not be efficient by considering the conjunction between its subdivisions. In addition, a branch may be efficient by considering the conjunction between its subdivisions but not be productive. Efficient branches are not necessarily productive, but productive branches are also efficient.","PeriodicalId":52223,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Production Research","volume":"47 1","pages":"221-240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79886755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-26DOI: 10.26706/jpie.2.1.20200802
Obed John Dagwa
{"title":"Automated transmission of hand water pumps in remote towns of Nigeria: Attaining a sustainable development project management","authors":"Obed John Dagwa","doi":"10.26706/jpie.2.1.20200802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26706/jpie.2.1.20200802","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52223,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Production Research","volume":"175 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76767591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-21DOI: 10.26706/jpie.2.1.20200707
Obed John Dagwa
{"title":"Examining the environmental facilities on residents’ gratification in government estates - A Case Study of Borno State, Nigeria","authors":"Obed John Dagwa","doi":"10.26706/jpie.2.1.20200707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26706/jpie.2.1.20200707","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52223,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Production Research","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88096892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Supply chain management (SCM) is very well known efficient and effective managerial tool to check and analyze the performance of any enterprises. In the present work, efforts have taken to analyze and optimize the performance of small & medium enterprise (SME) in Pune region India. For this purpose a SCM based framework is prepared to get the realistic data from the industries through the questionnaire prepared on the basic of literature and the expert opinions. After finalizing the effective framework fitted to the various enterprises, a data in the pointer scale has been collected from the various stakeholders of the enterprises. The grey relational analysis (GRA), a multi-response optimization tool has been effectively used for getting the optimize result which will help the enterprises to plan the strategies for the betterment of the enterprises. Optimum results were implemented in the other enterprises. The responses were measured and compare with the optimum solution. From the responses, it has been observed that there is a significant enhancement in the response level of the other enterprises. Thus the SCM was effectively used for enhancing the performance of the SMEs in the region.
{"title":"Optimistic Implementation of Supply Chain Management in Small & Medium Enterprise: Approach using Grey Relational Analysis (GRA)","authors":"M. Phate, S. Toney, V. Phate","doi":"10.22068/IJIEPR.32.1.65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22068/IJIEPR.32.1.65","url":null,"abstract":"Supply chain management (SCM) is very well known efficient and effective managerial tool to check and analyze the performance of any enterprises. In the present work, efforts have taken to analyze and optimize the performance of small & medium enterprise (SME) in Pune region India. For this purpose a SCM based framework is prepared to get the realistic data from the industries through the questionnaire prepared on the basic of literature and the expert opinions. After finalizing the effective framework fitted to the various enterprises, a data in the pointer scale has been collected from the various stakeholders of the enterprises. The grey relational analysis (GRA), a multi-response optimization tool has been effectively used for getting the optimize result which will help the enterprises to plan the strategies for the betterment of the enterprises. Optimum results were implemented in the other enterprises. The responses were measured and compare with the optimum solution. From the responses, it has been observed that there is a significant enhancement in the response level of the other enterprises. Thus the SCM was effectively used for enhancing the performance of the SMEs in the region.","PeriodicalId":52223,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Production Research","volume":"27 1","pages":"65-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79189469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-10DOI: 10.22068/IJIEPR.32.1.133
A.K.V.K Sasikanthr, K. Samatha, N. Deshai, B. Sekhar, S. Venkatramana
Today’s digital world computations are tremendously difficult and they always demand essential requirements to significantly process and store datasets of enormous size for a wide variety of applications. Since the volume of digital world data is enormous, unstructured data are mostly generated at high velocity beyond limits and are doubled day by day. Over the last decade, many organizations have been facing major problems in handling and processing massive chunks of data, which could not be processed efficiently due to lack of enhancements on existing and conventional technologies. This paper addresses how to overcome these problems efficiently using the most recent and world primary powerful data processing tool, namely clean open-source Hadoop, one of its core components being Map Reduce that is subject to few performance issues. The objective of this paper is to address and overcome the limitations and weaknesses of Map Reduce with Apache Spark.
{"title":"Research on Advanced Streaming Processing on Apache Spark","authors":"A.K.V.K Sasikanthr, K. Samatha, N. Deshai, B. Sekhar, S. Venkatramana","doi":"10.22068/IJIEPR.32.1.133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22068/IJIEPR.32.1.133","url":null,"abstract":"Today’s digital world computations are tremendously difficult and they always demand essential requirements to significantly process and store datasets of enormous size for a wide variety of applications. Since the volume of digital world data is enormous, unstructured data are mostly generated at high velocity beyond limits and are doubled day by day. Over the last decade, many organizations have been facing major problems in handling and processing massive chunks of data, which could not be processed efficiently due to lack of enhancements on existing and conventional technologies. This paper addresses how to overcome these problems efficiently using the most recent and world primary powerful data processing tool, namely clean open-source Hadoop, one of its core components being Map Reduce that is subject to few performance issues. The objective of this paper is to address and overcome the limitations and weaknesses of Map Reduce with Apache Spark.","PeriodicalId":52223,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Production Research","volume":"8 1","pages":"133-141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76080834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-10DOI: 10.22068/IJIEPR.32.1.143
A. Hamid
Based on RBV Theory The study investigated the effect of Supply Chain integration (SCI) on medical sector Operational Performance (OP). the data were collected from 307 managers out of 330 managers, by questionnaire, which adopted from previous studies and refined through experts’ interviews and the panel of judge. Statistical techniques such as descriptive statistics, correlation, and SEM were employed. The results of the study indicated a positive significant relationship between SCI and medical sector OP. The results also indicated that the managers in Medical Sector were almost similar in their preference of the customer integration and internal integration indicators. Furthermore, empirical results indicated that the interactions between the two components of SCI effect strongly on and OP. Results indicated that the internal integration was having the highest effect on OP, followed by customer. The study shows Theoretical and Practical implications. Theoretically the SCI require higher level of internal integration. Thus, for an institution to support the participation of partners it must create a suitable internal integration. Practically the full collaboration of participation and they integrate the firm internally and externally that should lead to high performance. Moreover, the study provided a suggestion for future research.
{"title":"SUPPLY CHAIN INTEGRATION AND HEALTH FIRMS OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE- IMPLICATIONS FOR UNDERDEVELOPMENT COUNTRIES","authors":"A. Hamid","doi":"10.22068/IJIEPR.32.1.143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22068/IJIEPR.32.1.143","url":null,"abstract":"Based on RBV Theory The study investigated the effect of Supply Chain integration (SCI) on medical sector Operational Performance (OP). the data were collected from 307 managers out of 330 managers, by questionnaire, which adopted from previous studies and refined through experts’ interviews and the panel of judge. Statistical techniques such as descriptive statistics, correlation, and SEM were employed. The results of the study indicated a positive significant relationship between SCI and medical sector OP. The results also indicated that the managers in Medical Sector were almost similar in their preference of the customer integration and internal integration indicators. Furthermore, empirical results indicated that the interactions between the two components of SCI effect strongly on and OP. Results indicated that the internal integration was having the highest effect on OP, followed by customer. The study shows Theoretical and Practical implications. Theoretically the SCI require higher level of internal integration. Thus, for an institution to support the participation of partners it must create a suitable internal integration. Practically the full collaboration of participation and they integrate the firm internally and externally that should lead to high performance. Moreover, the study provided a suggestion for future research.","PeriodicalId":52223,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Production Research","volume":"37 1","pages":"143-157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89644995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：