Daryn J. Go, Natalee Hung, Hannah Ferrolino, Kendall Wilson, Mia Choi, D. Mayhugh, L. Lau
National lockdowns and social distancing measures enforced in response to COVID-19 have forced many non-governmental organizations (NGOs) serving in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) to suspend their operations. While low-income families continue to suffer from hunger and poverty, community quarantine restrictions additionally isolated them from town centers where healthcare, education, food, supplies, and livelihood opportunities are usually accessed. International Care Ministries (ICM) is a Philippine-based NGO that runs a poverty-alleviation program targeted towards extreme low-income households. As we re-evaluated how we may continue to effectively minister and serve our communities despite lockdown measures, we identified two priorities: (1) to serve people’s physical needs by providing food and access to healthcare, and (2) to serve people’s spiritual needs through spiritual feeding and community. In this field report, we describe how ICM was able to identify and use social network platforms as an alternative to continue both service delivery and spiritual feeding remotely. We hope this example may encourage other development NGOs to persevere as we all continue to seek ways to adapt to these extraordinary and seemingly ever-changing circumstances.
为应对COVID-19而实施的国家封锁和社会距离措施迫使许多在低收入和中等收入国家服务的非政府组织(ngo)暂停业务。在低收入家庭继续遭受饥饿和贫困的同时，社区隔离限制进一步将他们与通常获得医疗、教育、食品、用品和谋生机会的城镇中心隔离开来。国际关怀部(International Care Ministries，简称ICM)是一家总部位于菲律宾的非政府组织，专门针对极端低收入家庭开展扶贫项目。在我们重新评估如何在采取封锁措施的情况下继续有效地服务和服务我们的社区时，我们确定了两个优先事项:(1)通过提供食物和获得医疗保健来满足人们的身体需求，(2)通过精神喂养和社区来满足人们的精神需求。在这份现场报告中，我们描述了ICM如何能够识别和使用社交网络平台作为继续远程提供服务和精神喂养的替代方案。我们希望这个例子可以鼓励其他非政府发展组织坚持下去，因为我们都在继续寻求适应这些特殊和看似不断变化的环境的方法。
{"title":"Utilizing Technology during the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Daryn J. Go, Natalee Hung, Hannah Ferrolino, Kendall Wilson, Mia Choi, D. Mayhugh, L. Lau","doi":"10.15566/cjgh.v7i5.479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15566/cjgh.v7i5.479","url":null,"abstract":"National lockdowns and social distancing measures enforced in response to COVID-19 have forced many non-governmental organizations (NGOs) serving in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) to suspend their operations. While low-income families continue to suffer from hunger and poverty, community quarantine restrictions additionally isolated them from town centers where healthcare, education, food, supplies, and livelihood opportunities are usually accessed. International Care Ministries (ICM) is a Philippine-based NGO that runs a poverty-alleviation program targeted towards extreme low-income households. As we re-evaluated how we may continue to effectively minister and serve our communities despite lockdown measures, we identified two priorities: (1) to serve people’s physical needs by providing food and access to healthcare, and (2) to serve people’s spiritual needs through spiritual feeding and community. In this field report, we describe how ICM was able to identify and use social network platforms as an alternative to continue both service delivery and spiritual feeding remotely. We hope this example may encourage other development NGOs to persevere as we all continue to seek ways to adapt to these extraordinary and seemingly ever-changing circumstances.","PeriodicalId":52275,"journal":{"name":"Christian Journal for Global Health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67205114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
It is fitting for this issue of the Christian Journal for Global Health to come to you just before Christmas. We remember the birth of the Christ child, God with us. God with us not just in the ordinariness of human life, but in the calamities, defeats, and suffering entailed in that ordinariness. The coronavirus pandemic, as well as myriad of other human afflictions, is a reminder of those aspects of life. Surely the greatest spiritual lesson of the pandemic is that we are not the masters of our own destiny. The pandemic is a rebuke to the hubris of our age – that human knowledge is the remedy for all ills. Responses to the pandemic have exposed the fissures in our societies as well. While the healthcare community has responded heroically to the challenges, churches have served as a much-needed solace and source of health information, as well as, at times, sources of spread. Some who consider faith non-essential and are antagonistic to it have proposed severe restrictions to much-needed fellowship. In the providence of God, we are able to rejoice at the arrival of effective vaccines to prevent SARS CoV-2 infection, the world-wide calamity that has dogged us for nearly an entire year. The vaccines come out-of-time, as it were, having been developed, produced, and tested with a speed that is astonishing. Hopefully, they will enable this devastating infectious disease to be put behind us. If that proves to be possible, it is salutary to ponder what is able to be anticipated and to appreciate the perspicacity of someone like Dr. Jono Quick, whose book, The End of Epidemics, foresaw in 2018 what came to pass in 2020. For additional insights, we are pleased to feature in this issue a guest editorial by Dr. Quick which surveys some of the challenges that the release, use, and equitable global distribution of the vaccines hold for us, as well as the Christian responsibility to follow the data for both individualized whole-person care and community care as acts of love for our global neighbor. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted systemic vulnerabilities, health inequities, and the ongoing diseases and conditions that continue to threaten individuals and populations. The response to the pandemic has affected the global economy and exacerbated hunger and extreme poverty. Progress in global health to control the remaining poliovirus, HIV, malaria and tuberculosis has also been tragically impaired due to the pandemic.1 Two original articles describe efforts to evaluate health needs for chronically impoverished villages and then to train Christian health workers in the ways to most effectively service those needs. Claudia Bale reports that the results of surveying Guatemalan villages for health needs and barriers to health produced a variety of themes that provided guidance for the organizations seeking to meet these needs. Sneha Kirubakaran and colleagues evaluated a short course in global health from Australia that sought to prepare Chri
{"title":"More Than the Pandemic","authors":"H. Larson","doi":"10.15566/cjgh.v7i5.493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15566/cjgh.v7i5.493","url":null,"abstract":"It is fitting for this issue of the Christian Journal for Global Health to come to you just before Christmas. We remember the birth of the Christ child, God with us. God with us not just in the ordinariness of human life, but in the calamities, defeats, and suffering entailed in that ordinariness. The coronavirus pandemic, as well as myriad of other human afflictions, is a reminder of those aspects of life. Surely the greatest spiritual lesson of the pandemic is that we are not the masters of our own destiny. The pandemic is a rebuke to the hubris of our age – that human knowledge is the remedy for all ills. Responses to the pandemic have exposed the fissures in our societies as well. While the healthcare community has responded heroically to the challenges, churches have served as a much-needed solace and source of health information, as well as, at times, sources of spread. Some who consider faith non-essential and are antagonistic to it have proposed severe restrictions to much-needed fellowship. \u0000 In the providence of God, we are able to rejoice at the arrival of effective vaccines to prevent SARS CoV-2 infection, the world-wide calamity that has dogged us for nearly an entire year. The vaccines come out-of-time, as it were, having been developed, produced, and tested with a speed that is astonishing. Hopefully, they will enable this devastating infectious disease to be put behind us. If that proves to be possible, it is salutary to ponder what is able to be anticipated and to appreciate the perspicacity of someone like Dr. Jono Quick, whose book, The End of Epidemics, foresaw in 2018 what came to pass in 2020. For additional insights, we are pleased to feature in this issue a guest editorial by Dr. Quick which surveys some of the challenges that the release, use, and equitable global distribution of the vaccines hold for us, as well as the Christian responsibility to follow the data for both individualized whole-person care and community care as acts of love for our global neighbor. \u0000The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted systemic vulnerabilities, health inequities, and the ongoing diseases and conditions that continue to threaten individuals and populations. The response to the pandemic has affected the global economy and exacerbated hunger and extreme poverty. Progress in global health to control the remaining poliovirus, HIV, malaria and tuberculosis has also been tragically impaired due to the pandemic.1 \u0000Two original articles describe efforts to evaluate health needs for chronically impoverished villages and then to train Christian health workers in the ways to most effectively service those needs. Claudia Bale reports that the results of surveying Guatemalan villages for health needs and barriers to health produced a variety of themes that provided guidance for the organizations seeking to meet these needs. Sneha Kirubakaran and colleagues evaluated a short course in global health from Australia that sought to prepare Chri","PeriodicalId":52275,"journal":{"name":"Christian Journal for Global Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45182776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Epidemics are often seen at mission health institutions. Such Christian institutions seek to practice holistic medicine, and the core priorities include dedicated clinical care combined with community responsibility. This paper describes some unusual, and some more common, epidemics that occurred at three mission hospitals in Southern Ethiopia during the last 60 to 70 years. The hospitals covered vast areas and large populations, mostly from poor subsistence farming communities. With great topographical and climatic variations, the catchment areas include multiple climate zones that cause substantial variations in ecology and vegetation, and thus, also in disease patterns. Our review is based on personal notes, hospital records, and previous scientific publications. We observed epidemics such as cholera and other diarrheal diseases, relapsing fever, meningitis, gonococcal conjunctivitis, the emerging of HIV and Helicobacter infections, and parasitic infections, such as malaria and visceral leishmaniasis. Hospitals, ideally, should have collaborated with local and national health authorities to combat such events. Unfortunately, that was not always possible because of wars, political unrest, or lack of capacity. Sometimes these hospitals did not have sufficient laboratory infrastructure to diagnose infections such as arboviral diseases. More emphasis should have been placed on enabling hospitals to both diagnose and control epidemics.
{"title":"The Experience of Mission Hospitals in Southern Ethiopia in Identifying and Responding to Infectious Disease Outbreaks","authors":"B. Lindtjørn, T. Henriksen","doi":"10.15566/cjgh.v7i4.433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15566/cjgh.v7i4.433","url":null,"abstract":"Epidemics are often seen at mission health institutions. Such Christian institutions seek to practice holistic medicine, and the core priorities include dedicated clinical care combined with community responsibility. This paper describes some unusual, and some more common, epidemics that occurred at three mission hospitals in Southern Ethiopia during the last 60 to 70 years. The hospitals covered vast areas and large populations, mostly from poor subsistence farming communities. With great topographical and climatic variations, the catchment areas include multiple climate zones that cause substantial variations in ecology and vegetation, and thus, also in disease patterns. Our review is based on personal notes, hospital records, and previous scientific publications. We observed epidemics such as cholera and other diarrheal diseases, relapsing fever, meningitis, gonococcal conjunctivitis, the emerging of HIV and Helicobacter infections, and parasitic infections, such as malaria and visceral leishmaniasis. Hospitals, ideally, should have collaborated with local and national health authorities to combat such events. Unfortunately, that was not always possible because of wars, political unrest, or lack of capacity. Sometimes these hospitals did not have sufficient laboratory infrastructure to diagnose infections such as arboviral diseases. More emphasis should have been placed on enabling hospitals to both diagnose and control epidemics.","PeriodicalId":52275,"journal":{"name":"Christian Journal for Global Health","volume":"7 1","pages":"3-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43913532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
During the 15th and 16th centuries, five epidemics of a disease characterized by high fever and profuse sweating ravaged England. The disease became known as English sweating sickness because it started in England, though it also struck Ireland and mainland Europe. The infectious disease was reportedly marked with pulmonary components, and the mortality rate was estimated to be between 30% and 50%. The evidence of the “sweating sickness” story is medically fascinating and historically noteworthy as to its sudden appearance in 1485 and major disappearance in 1551. This was a period when the Church of England broke away from the Roman Catholic Church; and the then Prince of Wales, Arthur Tudor, died possibly of sweating sickness. The Church played a vital role during those periods: responses were made in the form of treatment (in Germany), ecclesiastical prayers, tailored worship, and devotions during those trying times, and the preservation of fragile records relating to the epidemics.
{"title":"The English Sweating Sickness of 1485-1551 and the Ecclesiastical Response","authors":"Omololu Fagunwa, A. Fagunwa","doi":"10.15566/cjgh.v7i4.449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15566/cjgh.v7i4.449","url":null,"abstract":"During the 15th and 16th centuries, five epidemics of a disease characterized by high fever and profuse sweating ravaged England. The disease became known as English sweating sickness because it started in England, though it also struck Ireland and mainland Europe. The infectious disease was reportedly marked with pulmonary components, and the mortality rate was estimated to be between 30% and 50%. The evidence of the “sweating sickness” story is medically fascinating and historically noteworthy as to its sudden appearance in 1485 and major disappearance in 1551. This was a period when the Church of England broke away from the Roman Catholic Church; and the then Prince of Wales, Arthur Tudor, died possibly of sweating sickness. The Church played a vital role during those periods: responses were made in the form of treatment (in Germany), ecclesiastical prayers, tailored worship, and devotions during those trying times, and the preservation of fragile records relating to the epidemics.","PeriodicalId":52275,"journal":{"name":"Christian Journal for Global Health","volume":"7 1","pages":"20-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41810513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Complex humanitarian disasters and emergencies like COVID-19 can disrupt needed mental health services such as substance use recovery programs. Physical distancing requirements can further exacerbate existing mental health disorders or initiate additional ones. Individuals benefiting from congregational peer recovery programs can find themselves in a state of extreme stress and be at an increased risk of relapse. Transitioning to virtual platforms can help congregational peer recovery groups maintain a connection with group participants, share spiritual and physical encouragement, and mitigate potential relapse. This case study identifies the concerns and benefits of virtual recovery groups and the potential for hybrid groups moving forward.
{"title":"Feasibility of Virtual Congregational Peer Recovery Groups During COVID-19","authors":"Jason Paltzer, J. Jonker","doi":"10.15566/cjgh.v7i4.431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15566/cjgh.v7i4.431","url":null,"abstract":"Complex humanitarian disasters and emergencies like COVID-19 can disrupt needed mental health services such as substance use recovery programs. Physical distancing requirements can further exacerbate existing mental health disorders or initiate additional ones. Individuals benefiting from congregational peer recovery programs can find themselves in a state of extreme stress and be at an increased risk of relapse. Transitioning to virtual platforms can help congregational peer recovery groups maintain a connection with group participants, share spiritual and physical encouragement, and mitigate potential relapse. This case study identifies the concerns and benefits of virtual recovery groups and the potential for hybrid groups moving forward.","PeriodicalId":52275,"journal":{"name":"Christian Journal for Global Health","volume":"7 1","pages":"28-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45910319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Responding to Epidemics and Pandemics","authors":"H. Larson, Daniel W O'Neill","doi":"10.15566/cjgh.v7i4.477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15566/cjgh.v7i4.477","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>None</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":52275,"journal":{"name":"Christian Journal for Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45077476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"God and the pandemic: A Christian reflection on the coronavirus and its aftermath by N.T. Wright. Zondervan, 2020.","authors":"Daniel W O'Neill","doi":"10.15566/cjgh.v7i4.473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15566/cjgh.v7i4.473","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>.</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":52275,"journal":{"name":"Christian Journal for Global Health","volume":"7 1","pages":"63-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43697172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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