Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.33687/ijae.010.03.4084
T. Mansour, Soliman Esleem, S. S. Abd El-Ghani, Amira E.E. Eid
Bardawil Lake is considered one of the most important and purest Egyptian lakes. However, in recent years, a relative decrease in the quantity and value of production and a qualitative change has been observed in the fish produced by the lake. Hence, this study aimed to identify the most important problems facing the fishermen in Bardawil Lake and their suggestions to overcome them. This study was conducted in North Sinai Governorate, Data were collected using a focus group discussion method with 90.6% of the board's members of fishing associations (58 respondents). in addition, A random sample of 346 fishermen through a personal interview from May to December 2020. The results indicated the high age levels of fishermen (X̅ = 50.44) and the high illiteracy rate among them (58.57%) despite their high experience in the fishing profession, but unfortunately, it was not based on a training background as 69.65% of the respondent fishermen did not receive any training courses. only 13.45% of them depended on the agricultural extension as the main source of technical information, which indicates a clear absence of the agricultural extension role with the fishermen in the lake. The most important obstacles facing the respondent fishermen were the weak income from the fishing profession 89.88%, the weak role of agricultural extension 86.42%, the insufficiency of the role of fishing cooperatives 83.82%, While their most important suggestions were to activate the laws regulating the fishing process 90.17% and to prevent illegal fishing 84.68%. The study recommends developing fish extension and providing it with specialists in the fields of fisheries development to play a more effective role in this field.
{"title":"Challenges facing fishermen in Bardawil lake, north Sinai, Egypt","authors":"T. Mansour, Soliman Esleem, S. S. Abd El-Ghani, Amira E.E. Eid","doi":"10.33687/ijae.010.03.4084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33687/ijae.010.03.4084","url":null,"abstract":"Bardawil Lake is considered one of the most important and purest Egyptian lakes. However, in recent years, a relative decrease in the quantity and value of production and a qualitative change has been observed in the fish produced by the lake. Hence, this study aimed to identify the most important problems facing the fishermen in Bardawil Lake and their suggestions to overcome them. This study was conducted in North Sinai Governorate, Data were collected using a focus group discussion method with 90.6% of the board's members of fishing associations (58 respondents). in addition, A random sample of 346 fishermen through a personal interview from May to December 2020. The results indicated the high age levels of fishermen (X̅ = 50.44) and the high illiteracy rate among them (58.57%) despite their high experience in the fishing profession, but unfortunately, it was not based on a training background as 69.65% of the respondent fishermen did not receive any training courses. only 13.45% of them depended on the agricultural extension as the main source of technical information, which indicates a clear absence of the agricultural extension role with the fishermen in the lake. The most important obstacles facing the respondent fishermen were the weak income from the fishing profession 89.88%, the weak role of agricultural extension 86.42%, the insufficiency of the role of fishing cooperatives 83.82%, While their most important suggestions were to activate the laws regulating the fishing process 90.17% and to prevent illegal fishing 84.68%. The study recommends developing fish extension and providing it with specialists in the fields of fisheries development to play a more effective role in this field. ","PeriodicalId":52390,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87961457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.33687/ijae.010.03.4237
Miguel Torres Jr., S. Omaye
The use of lighting technologies combined with hydroponics has gained increased interest worldwide as a viable and integral horticultural solution to regions with limitations from geography or environmental conditions while offering scalability for rural cities, urban areas, and metropolitans alike. Unrelenting modern uncertainty with climate change, declining water and land supply; urbanization, and not to mention a population soon to exceed well over 8 billion in the coming decades will require innovative interdisciplinary solutions to secure sustainable food systems. In this study, we used a surrogate hydroponic garden to examine the difference in biomass yield from ambient sunlight (control) against supplemental High-Pressure Sodium (HPS) and Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) lighting. Additionally, we determined the difference in irradiance, illuminance, and luminous intensity between the control and supplemental lighting treatments along with luminous efficacy between the latter. Both experimental groups exhibited higher total biomass of leaves and shoots than the control with measurement of wet and dry weight in grams. The LED group was found to have a significantly higher weight almost twice that of the HPS group. HPS and LEDs had significantly more luminous intensity, illuminance, and irradiance than the control but LEDs significantly outperformed HPS for all parameters including luminous efficacy.
{"title":"Evaluation between lighting technologies on growing hydroponic lettuce","authors":"Miguel Torres Jr., S. Omaye","doi":"10.33687/ijae.010.03.4237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33687/ijae.010.03.4237","url":null,"abstract":"The use of lighting technologies combined with hydroponics has gained increased interest worldwide as a viable and integral horticultural solution to regions with limitations from geography or environmental conditions while offering scalability for rural cities, urban areas, and metropolitans alike. Unrelenting modern uncertainty with climate change, declining water and land supply; urbanization, and not to mention a population soon to exceed well over 8 billion in the coming decades will require innovative interdisciplinary solutions to secure sustainable food systems. In this study, we used a surrogate hydroponic garden to examine the difference in biomass yield from ambient sunlight (control) against supplemental High-Pressure Sodium (HPS) and Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) lighting. Additionally, we determined the difference in irradiance, illuminance, and luminous intensity between the control and supplemental lighting treatments along with luminous efficacy between the latter. Both experimental groups exhibited higher total biomass of leaves and shoots than the control with measurement of wet and dry weight in grams. The LED group was found to have a significantly higher weight almost twice that of the HPS group. HPS and LEDs had significantly more luminous intensity, illuminance, and irradiance than the control but LEDs significantly outperformed HPS for all parameters including luminous efficacy.","PeriodicalId":52390,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81980616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.33687/ijae.10.03.4021
D. Ushakov, K. Shatila
Every developing country aims to achieve high-income status as a primary objective. To achieve this aim and other vital development objectives like guaranteeing food security and promoting nutrition, agriculture plays a crucial role. Therefore, agricultural transformation must become a reality to eradicate hunger and undernutrition while boosting economic development. Only a few nations have acquired high-income status after starting poor. However, those that accomplished it began with farming and went through an economic transition that boosted growth and eliminate hunger and undernutrition. The research implemented a methodology approach throughout online meetings for any of the interviews. The researcher began the interviews by asking open-ended questions to get to know the interviewees better and to set a casual tone for the conversation. The research sought to use open and probing questions that enable respondents to explain and identify the events or circumstances as they view them. Farmers in Lebanon are fighting to make ends meet as the value of the dollar versus the Lebanese lira continues to climb. This might become worse if Saudi Arabia imposes a ban on agricultural goods. Lebanon's economic crisis has taken a heavy toll on the country's agriculture industry.
{"title":"The impact of agricultural sector on boosting the Lebanese economy throughout the economic crisis","authors":"D. Ushakov, K. Shatila","doi":"10.33687/ijae.10.03.4021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33687/ijae.10.03.4021","url":null,"abstract":"Every developing country aims to achieve high-income status as a primary objective. To achieve this aim and other vital development objectives like guaranteeing food security and promoting nutrition, agriculture plays a crucial role. Therefore, agricultural transformation must become a reality to eradicate hunger and undernutrition while boosting economic development. Only a few nations have acquired high-income status after starting poor. However, those that accomplished it began with farming and went through an economic transition that boosted growth and eliminate hunger and undernutrition. The research implemented a methodology approach throughout online meetings for any of the interviews. The researcher began the interviews by asking open-ended questions to get to know the interviewees better and to set a casual tone for the conversation. The research sought to use open and probing questions that enable respondents to explain and identify the events or circumstances as they view them. Farmers in Lebanon are fighting to make ends meet as the value of the dollar versus the Lebanese lira continues to climb. This might become worse if Saudi Arabia imposes a ban on agricultural goods. Lebanon's economic crisis has taken a heavy toll on the country's agriculture industry.","PeriodicalId":52390,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75516321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.33687/ijae.10.03.4063
M. N. Uddin, Kabir Ahsan, M. G. Farouque, Sharmin Akter, S. Rahman
Capacity building of fish farmers is inevitable for profitable fish farming. This research was undertaken primarily to identify the factors influencing the training requirements of tilapia fish farmers and to assess the level of training required for optimal farm management. Thus, the research was conducted in Phulpur Upazila (sub-district) under the Mymensingh district of Bangladesh. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 100 randomly selected tilapia fish farmers using a pre-tested questionnaire. The training needs of tilapia fish farmers were measured using a four-point rating scale. The overwhelming majority (99%) of the respondents reported high training needs. Determination of mono-sex tilapia, a non-probiotic and probiotic fish production, and production techniques of mono-sex tilapia were identified as significant areas of training needs. Linear multiple regressions confirmed that level of education, experience in fish farming, training received, extension media contact and social mobility were the statistically significant determinants (P0.05) of the training needs for the tilapia fish farmers. The high cost of fish feed, unavailability of extension service, and high fertilizer costs were identified as the major problems faced by the respondents. Respective authorities, especially the Department of Fisheries (DoF), should emphasize initiating capacity-building programs for the farmers, considering the identified training needs and problems. In addition, providing training, ensuring the availability of credits at low-interest rate, supply inputs for tilapia culture for improving tilapia fish farming could facilitate the farmers.
{"title":"Determinants of training needs of the tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) fish farmers: an empirical study from a selected area in Bangladesh","authors":"M. N. Uddin, Kabir Ahsan, M. G. Farouque, Sharmin Akter, S. Rahman","doi":"10.33687/ijae.10.03.4063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33687/ijae.10.03.4063","url":null,"abstract":"Capacity building of fish farmers is inevitable for profitable fish farming. This research was undertaken primarily to identify the factors influencing the training requirements of tilapia fish farmers and to assess the level of training required for optimal farm management. Thus, the research was conducted in Phulpur Upazila (sub-district) under the Mymensingh district of Bangladesh. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 100 randomly selected tilapia fish farmers using a pre-tested questionnaire. The training needs of tilapia fish farmers were measured using a four-point rating scale. The overwhelming majority (99%) of the respondents reported high training needs. Determination of mono-sex tilapia, a non-probiotic and probiotic fish production, and production techniques of mono-sex tilapia were identified as significant areas of training needs. Linear multiple regressions confirmed that level of education, experience in fish farming, training received, extension media contact and social mobility were the statistically significant determinants (P0.05) of the training needs for the tilapia fish farmers. The high cost of fish feed, unavailability of extension service, and high fertilizer costs were identified as the major problems faced by the respondents. Respective authorities, especially the Department of Fisheries (DoF), should emphasize initiating capacity-building programs for the farmers, considering the identified training needs and problems. In addition, providing training, ensuring the availability of credits at low-interest rate, supply inputs for tilapia culture for improving tilapia fish farming could facilitate the farmers.","PeriodicalId":52390,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75837645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.33687/ijae.010.03.3642
Shoukat Ali, U. Safdar
Agriculture Officers working in Agriculture Department (Extension) are perceived lacking in professional competencies. One of the root causes of this problem lies in the mismatched eligibility criteria for the post of Agriculture Officer (Extension). The purpose of this paper was to discuss the relevancy of the Extension Agents’ competencies with their job responsibilities for policy implications. The universe of the study was Punjab Province of Pakistan. The cross-sectional design was used for the study. All Agriculture Officers (public extension agents) work in the Agriculture Department (Extension), Government of Punjab were the population of the study. Multistage simple random sampling technique was used for drawing the sample. A sample of 60 respondents was drawn from sampling frame by using simple random sampling technique. A desktop study was also conducted to analyze the contents offered to the currently eligible agricultural graduates during their pre-service training at the university level. Results showed that only 3.3% of the respondents had relevant pre-service training. About 58% of the Agriculture Officers (Extension) were not satisfied with their jobs and most of them were thinking to change their jobs. This study has practical implications for Punjab Public Service Commission, Lahore and Agriculture Department (Extension) Government of Punjab, Pakistan in particular. The research theorized that the duties of extension work should only be entrusted to the professionals having per-service training in agricultural extension. Otherwise, the efficiency of the agricultural extension system would be compromised. This is the first study of its kind in which the eligibility criteria of the Agriculture Officers (Extension) have been questioned in the Punjab, Pakistan. The finding and discourse of the study would initiate the debate among stakeholders to place right person for the right job. The materialization of study findings would enhance the efficiency of Agricultural Extension system.
{"title":"Pre-service competence of agricultural officers (extension) in the Punjab, pakistan: policy implications for eligibility criteria","authors":"Shoukat Ali, U. Safdar","doi":"10.33687/ijae.010.03.3642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33687/ijae.010.03.3642","url":null,"abstract":"Agriculture Officers working in Agriculture Department (Extension) are perceived lacking in professional competencies. One of the root causes of this problem lies in the mismatched eligibility criteria for the post of Agriculture Officer (Extension). The purpose of this paper was to discuss the relevancy of the Extension Agents’ competencies with their job responsibilities for policy implications. The universe of the study was Punjab Province of Pakistan. The cross-sectional design was used for the study. All Agriculture Officers (public extension agents) work in the Agriculture Department (Extension), Government of Punjab were the population of the study. Multistage simple random sampling technique was used for drawing the sample. A sample of 60 respondents was drawn from sampling frame by using simple random sampling technique. A desktop study was also conducted to analyze the contents offered to the currently eligible agricultural graduates during their pre-service training at the university level. Results showed that only 3.3% of the respondents had relevant pre-service training. About 58% of the Agriculture Officers (Extension) were not satisfied with their jobs and most of them were thinking to change their jobs. This study has practical implications for Punjab Public Service Commission, Lahore and Agriculture Department (Extension) Government of Punjab, Pakistan in particular. The research theorized that the duties of extension work should only be entrusted to the professionals having per-service training in agricultural extension. Otherwise, the efficiency of the agricultural extension system would be compromised. This is the first study of its kind in which the eligibility criteria of the Agriculture Officers (Extension) have been questioned in the Punjab, Pakistan. The finding and discourse of the study would initiate the debate among stakeholders to place right person for the right job. The materialization of study findings would enhance the efficiency of Agricultural Extension system. ","PeriodicalId":52390,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73114726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.33687/ijae.010.03.4133
Mary Yole Apple DECLARO-RUEDAS
This paper assessed the Joint Delivery Voucher Program for senior high school technical vocational livelihood between 2017and 2021 in selected public high schools in Occidental Mindoro, Philippines. The study employed survey research method. The sources of information were from primary and secondary data. Further, the project employed the cost sharing approach and educational institution approach. Result showed that face-to-face learning with result demonstration was the “always” preferred extension teaching methods before the COVID 19 pandemic. -learning, modules, IEC, instructional materials, mobile application and interactive computer assisted module were used during the COVID 19 pandemic implementation. The program implementation encountered “slightly serious problems.” The students had acquired “adequate competency” in the program that enabled them to pass the national assessment and evaluated the JDVP implementation as “excellent.
{"title":"Assessment of the joint delivery voucher programme for senior high school technical vocational livelihood in selected public schools in occidental Mindoro, Philippines","authors":"Mary Yole Apple DECLARO-RUEDAS","doi":"10.33687/ijae.010.03.4133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33687/ijae.010.03.4133","url":null,"abstract":"This paper assessed the Joint Delivery Voucher Program for senior high school technical vocational livelihood between 2017and 2021 in selected public high schools in Occidental Mindoro, Philippines. The study employed survey research method. The sources of information were from primary and secondary data. Further, the project employed the cost sharing approach and educational institution approach. Result showed that face-to-face learning with result demonstration was the “always” preferred extension teaching methods before the COVID 19 pandemic. -learning, modules, IEC, instructional materials, mobile application and interactive computer assisted module were used during the COVID 19 pandemic implementation. The program implementation encountered “slightly serious problems.” The students had acquired “adequate competency” in the program that enabled them to pass the national assessment and evaluated the JDVP implementation as “excellent.","PeriodicalId":52390,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73150691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.33687/ijae.010.03.4098
R. Onyeneke, C. Emenekwe, C. Ejike
This study analyzed the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on household income and the determinants of coping strategies in Nigeria, using the combination of the COVID-19 National Longitudinal Phone Survey data and the fourth wave of the General Household Survey, Panel 2018-2019. The fourth wave of General Household Survey, Panel 2018-2019 data is part of the World Bank's Living Standards Measurement Study–Integrated Surveys on Agriculture (LSMS-ISA) and the National Bureau of Statistics of Nigeria collected the data in collaboration with the World Bank and funded by the Federal Government of Nigeria and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. The COVID-19 National Longitudinal Phone Survey 2020, Baseline was implemented by the National Bureau of Statistics in collaboration with the World Bank. The analyses were based on multinomial logistic and multivariate probit models. Multinomial logit regression analysis shows that households that consider the pandemic a substantial threat and households with older heads were more likely to have decreased income while households that received transfer income and self-employed were more likely to have increased income. Several household characteristics exhibited different levels of influence on the choice of coping strategies during the lockdown. Therefore, policy options and support facilities should be developed to foster meaningful (wage/self) employment and coping strategies to achieve optimal results in response to the pandemic.
{"title":"COVID-19 Pandemic, household income and coping strategies in Nigeria","authors":"R. Onyeneke, C. Emenekwe, C. Ejike","doi":"10.33687/ijae.010.03.4098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33687/ijae.010.03.4098","url":null,"abstract":"This study analyzed the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on household income and the determinants of coping strategies in Nigeria, using the combination of the COVID-19 National Longitudinal Phone Survey data and the fourth wave of the General Household Survey, Panel 2018-2019. The fourth wave of General Household Survey, Panel 2018-2019 data is part of the World Bank's Living Standards Measurement Study–Integrated Surveys on Agriculture (LSMS-ISA) and the National Bureau of Statistics of Nigeria collected the data in collaboration with the World Bank and funded by the Federal Government of Nigeria and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. The COVID-19 National Longitudinal Phone Survey 2020, Baseline was implemented by the National Bureau of Statistics in collaboration with the World Bank. The analyses were based on multinomial logistic and multivariate probit models. Multinomial logit regression analysis shows that households that consider the pandemic a substantial threat and households with older heads were more likely to have decreased income while households that received transfer income and self-employed were more likely to have increased income. Several household characteristics exhibited different levels of influence on the choice of coping strategies during the lockdown. Therefore, policy options and support facilities should be developed to foster meaningful (wage/self) employment and coping strategies to achieve optimal results in response to the pandemic. ","PeriodicalId":52390,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89205431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.33687/ijae.010.03.4190
Mathews L. Kambani, C. Gor, M. Ayieko
Lake Flies are edible insects with the potential of contributing to food security in that they are an alternative protein and micronutrient food source in freshwater lake regions. The main challenge in exploiting the lake flies is the difficulty in the collection. This study was conducted to identify sustainable traditional collection practices and forecasting techniques of lake flies and was implemented in Rusinga and Mfangano Island in Kenya. The ethnographic study employed multiple methods of data collection: focus group discussion (FGD), observations, and interview schedules. 5 (3 female and 2 male) key informants were selected for interview schedules aged above 60 years. 48 (19 female and 29 male) participants took part in FGDs they were divided into 8 sets each containing 6 participants and an age range between 18 to 40 years. Open data kit (ODK) software was used for data collection while analysis was conducted via thematic analysis framework using Nvivo version 10 software. Questions were administered on traditional lake-flies emergence forecasting, collection techniques, and devices. The emergence of lake flies is determined by moon sightings, the presence of strong winds, and the rainy season. Lake flies can be collected: in mid-air flight mode, in bushes along the shore, and during night operations using a light source (bulb, touch). Lake flies are collected using traditional tools: a woven basket with a stick handle, pots, a plastic basin, and a woven basket with a stick attached. Cultural myths associated with lake flies included: marriage partner/business customers’ attraction. Uses include libido enhancement, remedy for sickness, and good fish harvest indicator. In conclusion, lake flies have the potential to contribute to food and nutrition security as affordable and locally available alternative protein and micronutrient sources.
湖蝇是一种可食用昆虫，是淡水湖地区蛋白质和微量营养素的替代食物来源，具有促进粮食安全的潜力。开发湖蝇的主要挑战是收集困难。本研究旨在确定可持续的湖蝇传统收集方法和预测技术，并在肯尼亚的Rusinga岛和Mfangano岛实施。人种学研究采用了多种数据收集方法:焦点小组讨论(FGD)、观察和访谈计划。选择5名(女3名，男2名)关键线人进行60岁以上的访谈安排。48名参与者(19名女性和29名男性)参加了fgd，他们被分为8组，每组6名参与者，年龄在18至40岁之间。采用Open data kit (ODK)软件收集数据，采用Nvivo version 10软件通过专题分析框架进行分析。对传统的湖蝇出现预测、收集技术和设备进行了调查。湖蝇的出现是由月亮的出现、强风的存在和雨季决定的。湖蝇可以收集:在空中飞行模式下，在岸边的灌木丛中，在夜间使用光源(灯泡，触摸)进行操作。收集湖蝇用的是传统工具:带木棍柄的编织篮子、锅、塑料盆和带木棍的编织篮子。与湖蝇有关的文化神话包括:婚姻伴侣/商业客户的吸引力。用途包括增强性欲，治疗疾病，以及良好的鱼类捕捞指标。总之，湖蝇作为负担得起的和当地可获得的替代蛋白质和微量营养素来源，具有促进粮食和营养安全的潜力。
{"title":"Traditional knowledge, beliefs and practices on collection of lake flies (chaoborus and chironomus sp.) and their implications on food security","authors":"Mathews L. Kambani, C. Gor, M. Ayieko","doi":"10.33687/ijae.010.03.4190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33687/ijae.010.03.4190","url":null,"abstract":"Lake Flies are edible insects with the potential of contributing to food security in that they are an alternative protein and micronutrient food source in freshwater lake regions. The main challenge in exploiting the lake flies is the difficulty in the collection. This study was conducted to identify sustainable traditional collection practices and forecasting techniques of lake flies and was implemented in Rusinga and Mfangano Island in Kenya. The ethnographic study employed multiple methods of data collection: focus group discussion (FGD), observations, and interview schedules. 5 (3 female and 2 male) key informants were selected for interview schedules aged above 60 years. 48 (19 female and 29 male) participants took part in FGDs they were divided into 8 sets each containing 6 participants and an age range between 18 to 40 years. Open data kit (ODK) software was used for data collection while analysis was conducted via thematic analysis framework using Nvivo version 10 software. Questions were administered on traditional lake-flies emergence forecasting, collection techniques, and devices. The emergence of lake flies is determined by moon sightings, the presence of strong winds, and the rainy season. Lake flies can be collected: in mid-air flight mode, in bushes along the shore, and during night operations using a light source (bulb, touch). Lake flies are collected using traditional tools: a woven basket with a stick handle, pots, a plastic basin, and a woven basket with a stick attached. Cultural myths associated with lake flies included: marriage partner/business customers’ attraction. Uses include libido enhancement, remedy for sickness, and good fish harvest indicator. In conclusion, lake flies have the potential to contribute to food and nutrition security as affordable and locally available alternative protein and micronutrient sources. ","PeriodicalId":52390,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":"125 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72450459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.33687/ijae.010.03.4415
Shelmith W. Mucoki, A. Nkurumwa, S. Maina
This paper examined the effectiveness of Nakuru Farmers Call Centre (NFCC) in linking farmers to agricultural extension stakeholders in Nakuru County following reports of delays in responding to farmers’ queries and requests by NFCC, provision of low-quality services, and lack of follow-ups. The descriptive survey research design was adopted during the study. The target population was all the 3,473 farmers in Nakuru County who were registered with NFCC and the 4 center experts. A sample of 4 center experts and 110 farmers selected using census, stratified, proportionate, and simple random sampling techniques were involved in the survey. Data were collected using the farmers’ questionnaire and experts’ interview guide. Data were summarized and described using frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations. The findings showed NFCC had linked the majority (80.9%) of the farmers to extension stakeholders. The farmers rated linkages with Government/Public extension service providers (M = 4.15, SD = 1.21), agro-dealers (M = 4.02, SD = 1.25), and agriculture marketing services providers (M = 3.54, SD = 1.50) highly while those to agriculture university scientist (M =2.62, SD = 1.67), agricultural NGO’s (M =2.80, SD = 1.50), and research institutes (M = 2.98, SD = 1.46), were low. The overall success of NFCC in linking farmers to stakeholders was rated at M= 3.40 (SD = 0.50). NFCC was successful in linking farmers with government/public extension services providers agro-dealers and agriculture marketing services providers. However, it was not successful in linking farmers to agriculture university scientists. The number of farmers' call centers (FCC) should be increased and the centers are given adequate facilities and staff. These resources will enable FCCs to provide quality services to a wider section of farmers, link them to stakeholders promptly and make follow-ups as a way of ensuring that farmers have been assisted, thus enhancing their effectiveness.
{"title":"Effectiveness of the Nakuru farmers’ call center in linking farmers to agricultural extension stakeholders in Nakuru county, Kenya","authors":"Shelmith W. Mucoki, A. Nkurumwa, S. Maina","doi":"10.33687/ijae.010.03.4415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33687/ijae.010.03.4415","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examined the effectiveness of Nakuru Farmers Call Centre (NFCC) in linking farmers to agricultural extension stakeholders in Nakuru County following reports of delays in responding to farmers’ queries and requests by NFCC, provision of low-quality services, and lack of follow-ups. The descriptive survey research design was adopted during the study. The target population was all the 3,473 farmers in Nakuru County who were registered with NFCC and the 4 center experts. A sample of 4 center experts and 110 farmers selected using census, stratified, proportionate, and simple random sampling techniques were involved in the survey. Data were collected using the farmers’ questionnaire and experts’ interview guide. Data were summarized and described using frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations. The findings showed NFCC had linked the majority (80.9%) of the farmers to extension stakeholders. The farmers rated linkages with Government/Public extension service providers (M = 4.15, SD = 1.21), agro-dealers (M = 4.02, SD = 1.25), and agriculture marketing services providers (M = 3.54, SD = 1.50) highly while those to agriculture university scientist (M =2.62, SD = 1.67), agricultural NGO’s (M =2.80, SD = 1.50), and research institutes (M = 2.98, SD = 1.46), were low. The overall success of NFCC in linking farmers to stakeholders was rated at M= 3.40 (SD = 0.50). NFCC was successful in linking farmers with government/public extension services providers agro-dealers and agriculture marketing services providers. However, it was not successful in linking farmers to agriculture university scientists. The number of farmers' call centers (FCC) should be increased and the centers are given adequate facilities and staff. These resources will enable FCCs to provide quality services to a wider section of farmers, link them to stakeholders promptly and make follow-ups as a way of ensuring that farmers have been assisted, thus enhancing their effectiveness. ","PeriodicalId":52390,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90944826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-11DOI: 10.33687/ijae.010.01.3522
A. Riaz, M. Aziz, A. Ghaffar, W. Ahmed, K. Mubeen, M. Usman
Drought is a serious threat for food security worldwide. Wheat is most popular staple crop of world severely affected by drought at water sensitive crop growth stages. Selection of appropriate sowing method is very important for improving water use efficiency. A field trial was conducted in winter season of 2018-19 to investigate the impact of different sowing methods on water use efficiency of spring wheat exposed to water deficit at anthesis. Wheat was sown with three different sowing methods viz. broadcast sowing, drill sowing and augmented furrow sowing and two different irrigation regimes i.e. normal irrigation and water deficit at anthesis stage. All agronomic practices were kept uniform throughout the experiment. Different sowing methods and irrigation regimes significantly affected grain and straw yield of wheat. Among different sowing methods, wheat crop sown with augmented furrow method produced maximum plant height (111 cm), no. of tillers per m2 (427), 1000 grain weight (37.93 g), grain yield (4.73 t ha-1) and straw yield (4.24 t ha-1). Maximum irrigation water use efficiency (17.72 kg ha-1 mm-1) and benefit cost ratio (1.34) was recorded in augmented furrow method of sowing of wheat exposed to water deficit at anthesis stage.
干旱是全球粮食安全的严重威胁。小麦是世界上受干旱影响最严重的水敏感作物。选择合适的播种方式对提高水分利用效率至关重要。通过2018-19冬季的田间试验，研究了不同播种方式对春小麦花期水分亏缺的水分利用效率的影响。小麦采用撒播、钻播和增沟播三种不同的播种方式和正常灌溉和花期亏水灌溉两种不同的灌溉方式。在整个试验过程中，所有的农艺操作都是统一的。不同的播种方式和灌溉制度对小麦籽粒和秸秆产量有显著影响。不同播种方式中，增沟法播种的小麦株高最高，为111 cm;每平方米分蘖数(427)，千粒重(37.93 g)，籽粒产量(4.73吨公顷-1)和秸秆产量(4.24吨公顷-1)。小麦开花期水分亏缺条件下增沟播种的灌溉水利用效率最高(17.72 kg ha-1 mm-1)，效益成本比最高(1.34)。
{"title":"Evaluation of differnt sowing methods for enhancing productivity and water use efficiency of wheat under limited water condition","authors":"A. Riaz, M. Aziz, A. Ghaffar, W. Ahmed, K. Mubeen, M. Usman","doi":"10.33687/ijae.010.01.3522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33687/ijae.010.01.3522","url":null,"abstract":"Drought is a serious threat for food security worldwide. Wheat is most popular staple crop of world severely affected by drought at water sensitive crop growth stages. Selection of appropriate sowing method is very important for improving water use efficiency. A field trial was conducted in winter season of 2018-19 to investigate the impact of different sowing methods on water use efficiency of spring wheat exposed to water deficit at anthesis. Wheat was sown with three different sowing methods viz. broadcast sowing, drill sowing and augmented furrow sowing and two different irrigation regimes i.e. normal irrigation and water deficit at anthesis stage. All agronomic practices were kept uniform throughout the experiment. Different sowing methods and irrigation regimes significantly affected grain and straw yield of wheat. Among different sowing methods, wheat crop sown with augmented furrow method produced maximum plant height (111 cm), no. of tillers per m2 (427), 1000 grain weight (37.93 g), grain yield (4.73 t ha-1) and straw yield (4.24 t ha-1). Maximum irrigation water use efficiency (17.72 kg ha-1 mm-1) and benefit cost ratio (1.34) was recorded in augmented furrow method of sowing of wheat exposed to water deficit at anthesis stage. ","PeriodicalId":52390,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Extension","volume":"110 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87671270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：