E. Prasetya, Lazuardi Lazuardi, Fauziyah Harahap, Yuanita Rachmawati, Yusnaeni Yusuf, Said Iskandar Al Idrus, P. Prastowo
Zingiber loerzingii Valeton is one of the species in the Zingiberaceae family found throughout Aceh and North Sumatra, Indonesia, with slimy flowers, yellowish white color, and dark orange stamens. Z. loerzingii is endemic in North Sumatra with a very limited distribution. The International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources classifies this plant into the vulnerable ones category. This study aims to examine the potential of DNA barcoding from nuclear DNA (ITS2) and DNA chloroplasts (rbcL and trnL-F) to identify Z. loerzingii plants. The research sample was obtained from two main distribution areas of Z. loerzingii in North Sumatra, Indonesia, namely Sibolangit Nature Reserve and Tangkahan Conservation Forest. The results showed that all the DNA barcode markers used were able to classify Z. loerzingii into the same group in the phylogenetic analysis. ITS marker is the most effective marker for classifying Zingiberaceae species compared to rbcL and trnL-F markers. The ITS2 marker has the lowest level of intraspecific and intraspecific genetic distance overlap compared to the rbcL and trnL-F markers. This research is expected to provide information related to the DNA barcode of Z. loerzingii in an effort to conserve this rare plant.
Zingiber loerzingii Valeton 是一种生长在印度尼西亚亚齐和北苏门答腊的茜草科茜草属植物，花朵粘稠，呈黄白色，雄蕊呈深橙色。Z. loerzingii 是北苏门答腊的特有种，分布范围非常有限。国际自然及自然资源保护联盟将这种植物列为易危植物。本研究旨在检验 DNA 条形码核 DNA（ITS2）和叶绿体 DNA（rbcL 和 trnL-F）识别 Z. loerzingii 植物的潜力。研究样本取自 Z. loerzingii 在印度尼西亚北苏门答腊的两个主要分布区，即 Sibolangit 自然保护区和 Tangkahan 保护林。结果表明，在系统发育分析中，所有使用的 DNA 条形码标记都能将 Z. loerzingii 划归为同一组别。与 rbcL 和 trnL-F 标记相比，ITS 标记是最有效的 Zingiberaceae 物种分类标记。与 rbcL 和 trnL-F 标记相比，ITS2 标记的种内和种间遗传距离重叠程度最低。这项研究有望提供与 Z. loerzingii 的 DNA 条形码相关的信息，从而保护这种珍稀植物。
{"title":"Region of Nuclear Ribosomal DNA (ITS2) and Chloroplast DNA (rbcL and trnL-F) as A Suitable DNA Barcode for Identification of Zingiber loerzingii Valeton From North Sumatera, Indonesia","authors":"E. Prasetya, Lazuardi Lazuardi, Fauziyah Harahap, Yuanita Rachmawati, Yusnaeni Yusuf, Said Iskandar Al Idrus, P. Prastowo","doi":"10.22146/jtbb.76956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/jtbb.76956","url":null,"abstract":"Zingiber loerzingii Valeton is one of the species in the Zingiberaceae family found throughout Aceh and North Sumatra, Indonesia, with slimy flowers, yellowish white color, and dark orange stamens. Z. loerzingii is endemic in North Sumatra with a very limited distribution. The International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources classifies this plant into the vulnerable ones category. This study aims to examine the potential of DNA barcoding from nuclear DNA (ITS2) and DNA chloroplasts (rbcL and trnL-F) to identify Z. loerzingii plants. The research sample was obtained from two main distribution areas of Z. loerzingii in North Sumatra, Indonesia, namely Sibolangit Nature Reserve and Tangkahan Conservation Forest. The results showed that all the DNA barcode markers used were able to classify Z. loerzingii into the same group in the phylogenetic analysis. ITS marker is the most effective marker for classifying Zingiberaceae species compared to rbcL and trnL-F markers. The ITS2 marker has the lowest level of intraspecific and intraspecific genetic distance overlap compared to the rbcL and trnL-F markers. This research is expected to provide information related to the DNA barcode of Z. loerzingii in an effort to conserve this rare plant.","PeriodicalId":52402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139337233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mollusk trade is vital in many coastal areas and island communities throughout the Philippines because it provides livelihoods, food, and incomes to millions of Filipinos via fisheries (e.g., shellfish fishing and gleaning), shell craft, arts, shell trading and collections, and aquaculture. However, the assessments of the national trends and status of mollusc production and trade in the Philippines are largely non-existent in peer-reviewed literature. The main purpose of this paper is to present and evaluate the status and trends of traded Mollusks in the Philippines based on available online databases and a systematic review of published literature. To date, available databases on Philippine mollusk trade showed an initial increase in traded volume (the 1970s to 2006) but decreased afterward. In contrast, the traded mollusk value continued to generally increase over time (albeit the observed decrease between 2011 and 2016), indicating value increase as mollusk volume decreased. However, there is a great need to (1) resolve many of the obvious inconsistencies in data entries across all the available mollusk trade databases (BFAR, PSA, and CITES) and (2) provide field assessment of the Philippine mollusk trade and the conservation status of all traded mollusk taxa in the country.
{"title":"The Status, Trends, and Limitations of Philippine Mollusk Production and Trade Based on Available Databases and Publications","authors":"John Alberto H Ordinario, Jonathan A. Anticamara","doi":"10.22146/jtbb.73325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/jtbb.73325","url":null,"abstract":"Mollusk trade is vital in many coastal areas and island communities throughout the Philippines because it provides livelihoods, food, and incomes to millions of Filipinos via fisheries (e.g., shellfish fishing and gleaning), shell craft, arts, shell trading and collections, and aquaculture. However, the assessments of the national trends and status of mollusc production and trade in the Philippines are largely non-existent in peer-reviewed literature. The main purpose of this paper is to present and evaluate the status and trends of traded Mollusks in the Philippines based on available online databases and a systematic review of published literature. To date, available databases on Philippine mollusk trade showed an initial increase in traded volume (the 1970s to 2006) but decreased afterward. In contrast, the traded mollusk value continued to generally increase over time (albeit the observed decrease between 2011 and 2016), indicating value increase as mollusk volume decreased. However, there is a great need to (1) resolve many of the obvious inconsistencies in data entries across all the available mollusk trade databases (BFAR, PSA, and CITES) and (2) provide field assessment of the Philippine mollusk trade and the conservation status of all traded mollusk taxa in the country.","PeriodicalId":52402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139339257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The current review focuses on the plant Bacopa monnieri, one of prominent medical herbs in Indian ayurvedic system. The plant is well known for its cognitive and memory enhancing capabilities. The plant contains many useful alkaloids and secondary metabolites. Studies have shown that it has various promising pharmacological properties which have the potential to treat many illnesses and disorders such as asthma, bronchitis, rheumatism also in for renal disease, water retention, blood cleaning etc. This leads to the over exploitation of the plant which puts a stress on the naturally available stock of the plant, therefore, it becomes a necessity to find optimum methods for mass production of the plant and its important secondary metabolites. This review attempts to compile and to discuss the advancements in methods and techniques including type of culture vessels, plant growth regulators (PGRs), effect of stress, plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs) interactions; for in vitro propagation of Bacopa monnieri and the enhanced production of its important bioactive (bacoside) for its sustainable exploitation.
{"title":"Advancement in Plant Tissue Culture-Based Research for Sustainable Exploitation of Well-Known Medicinal Herb Bacopa Monnieri","authors":"Abhijith Vinod, Shivika Sharma, Vikas Sharma","doi":"10.22146/jtbb.74937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/jtbb.74937","url":null,"abstract":"The current review focuses on the plant Bacopa monnieri, one of prominent medical herbs in Indian ayurvedic system. The plant is well known for its cognitive and memory enhancing capabilities. The plant contains many useful alkaloids and secondary metabolites. Studies have shown that it has various promising pharmacological properties which have the potential to treat many illnesses and disorders such as asthma, bronchitis, rheumatism also in for renal disease, water retention, blood cleaning etc. This leads to the over exploitation of the plant which puts a stress on the naturally available stock of the plant, therefore, it becomes a necessity to find optimum methods for mass production of the plant and its important secondary metabolites. This review attempts to compile and to discuss the advancements in methods and techniques including type of culture vessels, plant growth regulators (PGRs), effect of stress, plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs) interactions; for in vitro propagation of Bacopa monnieri and the enhanced production of its important bioactive (bacoside) for its sustainable exploitation.","PeriodicalId":52402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139340411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Md. Al Forhad Islam, Md. Najmus Sayadat Pitol, M. N. I. Khan
Agroforestry is now inevitable for meeting the snowballing demand for food of the growing number of people worldwide. The light environment is the most important driving force for the growth and development of crops in agroforestry stand. The present study aims to quantify the light interception in two different agroforestry types, where one was composed of Shorea robusta (Sal) with Ananas comosus and another was Acacia auriculiformis (Akashmoni) with Ananas comosus. The relative Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) was measured by a pair of quantum sensors in four directions from some individual trees. Spatial variation of PAR was also explored in both stand types. The results revealed that RPAR did not significantly (P>0.05) vary among four directions of individual trees in S. robusta but the A. auriculiformis showed a significant difference (P<0.001) along the four directions. Also, RPAR was significantly different (P<0.001) at different distances from individual trees under the canopy of both tree species. When the stand-level spatial variation of RPAR was considered, A. auriculiformis (0.177) and S. robusta (0.171) showed no significant difference (P>0.05) in the light environment. Our findings explored that both the tree species would be suitable species for agroforestry practices in the area. For the betterment of the natural S. robusta forest responsible authorities should encourage people to avoid A. auriculiformis plantations near the natural S. robusta forest which will enhance the conservation of S. robusta cover in its natural habitat.
为了满足全世界日益增长的粮食需求，农林业已势在必行。光环境是农林间作中作物生长和发育的最重要驱动力。本研究旨在量化两种不同农林类型的截光情况，其中一种类型由娑罗双树（Sal）和芒果（Ananas comosus）组成，另一种类型由金合欢（Akashmoni）和芒果（Ananas comosus）组成。用一对量子传感器从四个方向测量了一些树木的相对光合有效辐射（PAR）。此外，还探讨了两种林分中 PAR 的空间变化。结果表明，RPAR 在 S. robusta 树木个体的四个方向上没有显著差异（P>0.05），但 A. auriculiformis 在光环境上有显著差异（P0.05）。我们的研究结果表明，这两种树种都是适合该地区农林业实践的树种。为了更好地保护天然 S. robusta 森林，主管当局应鼓励人们避免在天然 S. robusta 森林附近种植 A. auriculiformis，这将加强对 S. robusta 自然栖息地植被的保护。
{"title":"Comparison of Light Intensity under the Canopy between Sal (Shorea robusta) and Akashmoni (Acacia auriculiformis) in Agroforestry Stands: Effect of Tree Size and Distance from Individual Trees","authors":"Md. Al Forhad Islam, Md. Najmus Sayadat Pitol, M. N. I. Khan","doi":"10.22146/jtbb.78063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/jtbb.78063","url":null,"abstract":"Agroforestry is now inevitable for meeting the snowballing demand for food of the growing number of people worldwide. The light environment is the most important driving force for the growth and development of crops in agroforestry stand. The present study aims to quantify the light interception in two different agroforestry types, where one was composed of Shorea robusta (Sal) with Ananas comosus and another was Acacia auriculiformis (Akashmoni) with Ananas comosus. The relative Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) was measured by a pair of quantum sensors in four directions from some individual trees. Spatial variation of PAR was also explored in both stand types. The results revealed that RPAR did not significantly (P>0.05) vary among four directions of individual trees in S. robusta but the A. auriculiformis showed a significant difference (P<0.001) along the four directions. Also, RPAR was significantly different (P<0.001) at different distances from individual trees under the canopy of both tree species. When the stand-level spatial variation of RPAR was considered, A. auriculiformis (0.177) and S. robusta (0.171) showed no significant difference (P>0.05) in the light environment. Our findings explored that both the tree species would be suitable species for agroforestry practices in the area. For the betterment of the natural S. robusta forest responsible authorities should encourage people to avoid A. auriculiformis plantations near the natural S. robusta forest which will enhance the conservation of S. robusta cover in its natural habitat.","PeriodicalId":52402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology","volume":"153 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139341580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fitri Amaliah, B. Sumiarto, W. S. Nugroho, Tri Untari, D. H. W. Hartawan, Agustia Agustia
This research aims to determine the prevalence rate of brucellosis in the Polman District, examine the risk factors associated with seropositive diagnoses of brucellosis, and also to determine the brucellosis case model at the farm level. This research was carried out through a cross-sectional study and obtained a sample size of 395 serum. Samples were tested through the RBT and CFT. Identification of risk factors is based on questionnaire data conducted on around 113 breeders spread across Polman Regency. The data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate descriptive statistics, chi-square, and odds ratio (OR). The brucellosis model at the farm level was analyzed by multivariate logistic regression. The results of this study indicate the prevalence of brucellosis in Polman Regency is 27.1%. Risk factors associated with diagnosis of brucellosis in Polman Regency included the history of abortion (p=0.000; OR=128), handling of aborted animal (p=0.000; OR=94.667), abortion at the end of pregnancy (p=0.000; OR=62.333), knowledge about brucellosis (p=0.000; OR=9.841), handling of residual abortions (p=0.003; OR=8,471), high grazing density (p=0.000; OR=6.861), introduction of new livestock (p=0.006; OR=5.833), dirty cage (p=0.003; OR=3.600), and grazing method (p=0.005; OR=3.167). Models of diagnosis brucellosis in Polman Regency is = -2,48923 + 3,38734 history of abortion + 2,06312 abortions at the end of pregnancy. The model shows that the history of abortion (β=+3.387; OR=29.588) and the incidence of abortion at the end of pregnancy (β=+2.205; OR = 7.871) can increase the seropositive diagnosis of brucellosis at the farm level.
{"title":"Epidemiology Study of Brucellosis in Polewali Mandar District, Indonesia","authors":"Fitri Amaliah, B. Sumiarto, W. S. Nugroho, Tri Untari, D. H. W. Hartawan, Agustia Agustia","doi":"10.20961/jbb.v3i1.74264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/jbb.v3i1.74264","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims to determine the prevalence rate of brucellosis in the Polman District, examine the risk factors associated with seropositive diagnoses of brucellosis, and also to determine the brucellosis case model at the farm level. This research was carried out through a cross-sectional study and obtained a sample size of 395 serum. Samples were tested through the RBT and CFT. Identification of risk factors is based on questionnaire data conducted on around 113 breeders spread across Polman Regency. The data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate descriptive statistics, chi-square, and odds ratio (OR). The brucellosis model at the farm level was analyzed by multivariate logistic regression. The results of this study indicate the prevalence of brucellosis in Polman Regency is 27.1%. Risk factors associated with diagnosis of brucellosis in Polman Regency included the history of abortion (p=0.000; OR=128), handling of aborted animal (p=0.000; OR=94.667), abortion at the end of pregnancy (p=0.000; OR=62.333), knowledge about brucellosis (p=0.000; OR=9.841), handling of residual abortions (p=0.003; OR=8,471), high grazing density (p=0.000; OR=6.861), introduction of new livestock (p=0.006; OR=5.833), dirty cage (p=0.003; OR=3.600), and grazing method (p=0.005; OR=3.167). Models of diagnosis brucellosis in Polman Regency is = -2,48923 + 3,38734 history of abortion + 2,06312 abortions at the end of pregnancy. The model shows that the history of abortion (β=+3.387; OR=29.588) and the incidence of abortion at the end of pregnancy (β=+2.205; OR = 7.871) can increase the seropositive diagnosis of brucellosis at the farm level.","PeriodicalId":52402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75496484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The synthetic antioxidant butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) has been widely added to lipids and food products as a preservative due to inhibiting lipid oxidation. However, concerns have arisen about the potential health impacts of this synthetic antioxidant on consumers. Therefore, there is a need for an alternative substitute for BHA that is safe for human health. The methanolic extract of Java Plum seeds (MEJS) contains a diverse group of phenolic compounds and has the potential to serve as a natural antioxidant. The antioxidant must remain stable during food processing, such as irradiation. This research aimed to determine the effect of γ-irradiation on the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of MEJS. When γ-irradiation was applied to MEJS at doses up to 12.5 kGy, there was a slight decrease in total phenolic and tannin content but a significant increase in total flavonoid content. This increase in total flavonoids led to a rise in both free radical scavenging and reducing power activities
{"title":"Effect of gamma irradiation on total phenolic contents and antioxidant activities of methanolic extract of java plum seeds","authors":"R. Rohadi, I. Iswoyo, Dewi Larasati, Sugili Putra","doi":"10.20961/jbb.v3i1.71721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/jbb.v3i1.71721","url":null,"abstract":"The synthetic antioxidant butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) has been widely added to lipids and food products as a preservative due to inhibiting lipid oxidation. However, concerns have arisen about the potential health impacts of this synthetic antioxidant on consumers. Therefore, there is a need for an alternative substitute for BHA that is safe for human health. The methanolic extract of Java Plum seeds (MEJS) contains a diverse group of phenolic compounds and has the potential to serve as a natural antioxidant. The antioxidant must remain stable during food processing, such as irradiation. This research aimed to determine the effect of γ-irradiation on the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of MEJS. When γ-irradiation was applied to MEJS at doses up to 12.5 kGy, there was a slight decrease in total phenolic and tannin content but a significant increase in total flavonoid content. This increase in total flavonoids led to a rise in both free radical scavenging and reducing power activities","PeriodicalId":52402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82639839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Supriyono, A. Y. Darmawan, S. Nyoto, M. S. Budiastuti
Red ginger is one of the commodities much needed by the people of Indonesia. The increase in public demand has not been matched by an increase in red ginger production. Efforts to increase red ginger production can be done with effective fertilization. This study aims to determine the appropriate dose of ZA+KCl fertilization for good growth and yield of red ginger. This research was conducted in March-August 2021 in the experimental area of Pelem, Wonorejo, Jatiyoso, Karanganyar, Central Java with coordinates 7°43'24.7”S 111°05'31.2”E with an altitude of 762 ASL. This study used a Randomized Completed Block Design (RCBD) with one factor and 4 treatments, namely D0 (control), D1 (ZA 225 kg.ha-1+KCl 50kg.ha-1), D2 (ZA 450 kg.ha-1+ KCl 100 kg.ha-1) and D3 (ZA 675 kg.ha-1+KCl 150 kg.ha-1) were repeated 6 times each. The results showed that the application of several doses of fertilizer did not increase plant height, number of leaves, dry weight of straw but could increase the number of tillers per clump by 37.11% and the number of tillers per plot by 27.10%. The results of regression analysis showed that D2 had a trend to increase fresh weight and storage weight of rhizomes with an average of 1.9 t.ha-1 and 1.5 t.ha-1. This research needs to be further developed by improving environmental influences to increase the growth and yield of red ginger.
红姜是印尼人民非常需要的商品之一。公众需求的增加并没有与红姜产量的增加相匹配。通过有效施肥，可以努力提高红姜产量。本研究旨在确定ZA+KCl施肥对红姜生长和产量的适宜剂量。本研究于2021年3月至8月在中爪哇Karanganyar的Pelem, Wonorejo, Jatiyoso实验区进行，坐标为7°43'24.7 " S 111°05'31.2 " E，海拔为762 ASL。本研究采用随机完全区组设计(RCBD)，单因素和4个处理，即D0(对照)，D1 (ZA 225 kg)。ha-1+KCl 50kg.ha-1)， D2 (ZA 450 kg。ha-1+ KCl 100 kg.ha-1)和D3 (ZA 675 kg。ha-1+KCl 150 kg.ha-1)各重复6次。结果表明，施用不同剂量的化肥对水稻株高、叶片数和秸秆干重均无显著影响，但可使每丛分蘖数和每块分蘖数分别提高37.11%和27.10%。回归分析结果表明，D2有提高根茎鲜重和贮藏重的趋势，平均提高1.9 t.ha-1和1.5 t.ha-1。该研究需要进一步发展，通过改善环境影响来促进红姜的生长和产量。
{"title":"Role of ZA and KCl Fertilizer on Growth and Yield of Red Ginger (Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum)","authors":"S. Supriyono, A. Y. Darmawan, S. Nyoto, M. S. Budiastuti","doi":"10.20961/jbb.v3i1.74436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/jbb.v3i1.74436","url":null,"abstract":"Red ginger is one of the commodities much needed by the people of Indonesia. The increase in public demand has not been matched by an increase in red ginger production. Efforts to increase red ginger production can be done with effective fertilization. This study aims to determine the appropriate dose of ZA+KCl fertilization for good growth and yield of red ginger. This research was conducted in March-August 2021 in the experimental area of Pelem, Wonorejo, Jatiyoso, Karanganyar, Central Java with coordinates 7°43'24.7”S 111°05'31.2”E with an altitude of 762 ASL. This study used a Randomized Completed Block Design (RCBD) with one factor and 4 treatments, namely D0 (control), D1 (ZA 225 kg.ha-1+KCl 50kg.ha-1), D2 (ZA 450 kg.ha-1+ KCl 100 kg.ha-1) and D3 (ZA 675 kg.ha-1+KCl 150 kg.ha-1) were repeated 6 times each. The results showed that the application of several doses of fertilizer did not increase plant height, number of leaves, dry weight of straw but could increase the number of tillers per clump by 37.11% and the number of tillers per plot by 27.10%. The results of regression analysis showed that D2 had a trend to increase fresh weight and storage weight of rhizomes with an average of 1.9 t.ha-1 and 1.5 t.ha-1. This research needs to be further developed by improving environmental influences to increase the growth and yield of red ginger.","PeriodicalId":52402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85028768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amaranthus hybridus is widely distributed and used as a food plant in many parts of the world. Aluminium toxicity in the soil is one environmental stress that limits crop growth and production in acid soils. However, the level of aluminium stress tolerance depends on the plant species or genotype. A study was conducted at Maseno University, Kenya on the effects of aluminium stress on germination, growth and leaf photosynthetic pigments of Amaranthus hybridus seedlings. Ten uniform seeds of Amaranthus hybridus weretreated in sodium hypochlorite solution and were placed on dried petri dishes lined with Whatsman No. 1 filter papers. Filter papers were then moistened with 5ml of nutrient solution containing either 0 mM (distilled water) or (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 mM) (Al toxicity) AlCl3·6H2O replicated three times. The germination was assessed for five days to ascertain the number of seeds that germinated over time. Five litre pots were filled with top soil from Maseno University’s garden. Five seeds of Amaranthus hybridus were sown in each of the pots and were irrigated every day with 250 ml of tap water per pot for two weeks. After two weeks the seedlings were thinned to 2 plants per pot and treatments initiated. Seedlings were irrigated daily with nutrient solution containing 0 mM (control – tap water) or (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 mM) (Al toxicity) AlCl3·6H2O in triplicates arranged in a completely randomized design in a green house. Data on shoot height, leaf area and number of leaves, shoot and root fresh and dry weights, chlorophyll a, chlrophyl b, total chlorophyll and carotenoid contents were determined at the end of the experiment. Data collected was subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and treatment means separated and compared using Least Significance Difference (LSD). Germination percentage of Amaranthus hybridus was significantly reduced by the aluminiumsolution stress as compared to control treatment. Growth and photosynthetic pigments parameters were significantly reduced by the aluminium stress.The results of this study have clearly shown that Amaranthus hybridus speciesis very sensitive to aluminium toxicity.
{"title":"EFFECT OF ALUMINIUM STRESS ON GERMINATION, GROWTH AND PHOTOSYNTHETIC PIGMENTS OF Amaranthus hybridus","authors":"Musyimi Mutisya David","doi":"10.20961/jbb.v3i1.75211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/jbb.v3i1.75211","url":null,"abstract":"Amaranthus hybridus is widely distributed and used as a food plant in many parts of the world. Aluminium toxicity in the soil is one environmental stress that limits crop growth and production in acid soils. However, the level of aluminium stress tolerance depends on the plant species or genotype. A study was conducted at Maseno University, Kenya on the effects of aluminium stress on germination, growth and leaf photosynthetic pigments of Amaranthus hybridus seedlings. Ten uniform seeds of Amaranthus hybridus weretreated in sodium hypochlorite solution and were placed on dried petri dishes lined with Whatsman No. 1 filter papers. Filter papers were then moistened with 5ml of nutrient solution containing either 0 mM (distilled water) or (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 mM) (Al toxicity) AlCl3·6H2O replicated three times. The germination was assessed for five days to ascertain the number of seeds that germinated over time. Five litre pots were filled with top soil from Maseno University’s garden. Five seeds of Amaranthus hybridus were sown in each of the pots and were irrigated every day with 250 ml of tap water per pot for two weeks. After two weeks the seedlings were thinned to 2 plants per pot and treatments initiated. Seedlings were irrigated daily with nutrient solution containing 0 mM (control – tap water) or (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 mM) (Al toxicity) AlCl3·6H2O in triplicates arranged in a completely randomized design in a green house. Data on shoot height, leaf area and number of leaves, shoot and root fresh and dry weights, chlorophyll a, chlrophyl b, total chlorophyll and carotenoid contents were determined at the end of the experiment. Data collected was subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and treatment means separated and compared using Least Significance Difference (LSD). Germination percentage of Amaranthus hybridus was significantly reduced by the aluminiumsolution stress as compared to control treatment. Growth and photosynthetic pigments parameters were significantly reduced by the aluminium stress.The results of this study have clearly shown that Amaranthus hybridus speciesis very sensitive to aluminium toxicity.","PeriodicalId":52402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84904875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Avivi Nur Aina, S. D. Nurtjahyani, S. Sriwulan, E. Purnomo
The Green Belt area is a buffer area in an industrial area that functions as a barrier or separates the mining area from other regions, such as residential areas or community agriculture. The Green belt area consists of various plant vegetation that absorbs carbon dioxide and air conditioning, preventing sedimentation and erosion in the mining area. Arbuscular mycorrhiza has the potential to live in the green belt area by forming a mutualism symbiosis with plants or vegetation in the area. This study aimed to determine arbuscular mycorrhizae found in the Greenbelt area of PT Semen Indonesia Tbk Tuban. Sampling used purposive sampling techniques at three sampling stations, namely rhizosphere eucalyptus (Malaleuca cajuputi), trembesi (Samanea saman), and sawo (Manilkara zapota). The study was conducted in November 2021 through three stages: sampling, sample isolation, and species identification. The results showed seven types of arbuscular mycorrhiza from five different genera, namely the genus Glomus, Acaulospora, Gigaspora, Racocetra, and Archaeospora. The most found species is the genus Glomus. This research contributes as a source of literacy and information about the types of AMF found in PT Semen Indonesia's Greenbelt area, which can be used as biological fertilizer, support plant growth, help reclaim mining areas, and protect plants from drought pressure in mining areas.
{"title":"Isolation And Identification of Arbuscula Mycorrhiza (Ma) In Plant Rhizosphere in Greenbelt Area of PT. Semen Indonesia Tbk Tuban","authors":"Avivi Nur Aina, S. D. Nurtjahyani, S. Sriwulan, E. Purnomo","doi":"10.20961/jbb.v3i1.72038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/jbb.v3i1.72038","url":null,"abstract":"The Green Belt area is a buffer area in an industrial area that functions as a barrier or separates the mining area from other regions, such as residential areas or community agriculture. The Green belt area consists of various plant vegetation that absorbs carbon dioxide and air conditioning, preventing sedimentation and erosion in the mining area. Arbuscular mycorrhiza has the potential to live in the green belt area by forming a mutualism symbiosis with plants or vegetation in the area. This study aimed to determine arbuscular mycorrhizae found in the Greenbelt area of PT Semen Indonesia Tbk Tuban. Sampling used purposive sampling techniques at three sampling stations, namely rhizosphere eucalyptus (Malaleuca cajuputi), trembesi (Samanea saman), and sawo (Manilkara zapota). The study was conducted in November 2021 through three stages: sampling, sample isolation, and species identification. The results showed seven types of arbuscular mycorrhiza from five different genera, namely the genus Glomus, Acaulospora, Gigaspora, Racocetra, and Archaeospora. The most found species is the genus Glomus. This research contributes as a source of literacy and information about the types of AMF found in PT Semen Indonesia's Greenbelt area, which can be used as biological fertilizer, support plant growth, help reclaim mining areas, and protect plants from drought pressure in mining areas.","PeriodicalId":52402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology","volume":"22 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80264062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rahma Hani Aisah, B. Sumiarto, H. Wibawa, W. S. Nugroho, Aprizal Panus, Sodirun Sodirun
Low Pathogenicity Avian Influenza virus subtype H9N2 causes decreased egg production and two of the four defined H9N2 poultry lineages (G1 and Y280) have been associated with human infections. The high positive test results for the H9N2 virus in the LBMs of the Greater Jakarta area in 2021 can be a source of transmission for the surrounding area. This study aims to determine the prevalence and risk factors that play a role in the H9N2 contamination in the LBMs to obtain a multivariate analysis model. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 87 vendors and 124 broiler chickens from 44 LBMs randomly selected in Tangerang City, North Jakarta, and Bekasi City. Samples were taken as equipment swabs at the stall of poultry carcass vendors, tracheal swabs, and cloacal swabs of broiler chicken. The test used was Real-Time Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction. Data analysis was performed using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis with logistic regression. The prevalence of H9N2 virus contamination at the LBM level in Greater Jakarta in 2022 was 77.27% (95% CI, α 7%), while the prevalence at the vendor level was 54.02% (95% CI, α 5%). The risk factors for H9N2 virus contamination with a significant p-value<0.05 include the positive results on equipment swab samples, positive results on both equipment and broiler swabs, and the use of carcass sink. The multivariate analysis model of H9N2 virus contamination at the vendor level was Logit P (H9N2=1 | x) = 0.29924 - 2.42176PPE + 1.58691carcass sink. The risk factor contributing to increase H9N2 contamination is using carcass sinks, while PPE is the one that reduces H9N2 contamination.
{"title":"Risk factors for H9N2 contamination in live bird markets of the Greater Jakarta, Indonesia","authors":"Rahma Hani Aisah, B. Sumiarto, H. Wibawa, W. S. Nugroho, Aprizal Panus, Sodirun Sodirun","doi":"10.20961/jbb.v3i1.74263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/jbb.v3i1.74263","url":null,"abstract":"Low Pathogenicity Avian Influenza virus subtype H9N2 causes decreased egg production and two of the four defined H9N2 poultry lineages (G1 and Y280) have been associated with human infections. The high positive test results for the H9N2 virus in the LBMs of the Greater Jakarta area in 2021 can be a source of transmission for the surrounding area. This study aims to determine the prevalence and risk factors that play a role in the H9N2 contamination in the LBMs to obtain a multivariate analysis model. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 87 vendors and 124 broiler chickens from 44 LBMs randomly selected in Tangerang City, North Jakarta, and Bekasi City. Samples were taken as equipment swabs at the stall of poultry carcass vendors, tracheal swabs, and cloacal swabs of broiler chicken. The test used was Real-Time Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction. Data analysis was performed using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis with logistic regression. The prevalence of H9N2 virus contamination at the LBM level in Greater Jakarta in 2022 was 77.27% (95% CI, α 7%), while the prevalence at the vendor level was 54.02% (95% CI, α 5%). The risk factors for H9N2 virus contamination with a significant p-value<0.05 include the positive results on equipment swab samples, positive results on both equipment and broiler swabs, and the use of carcass sink. The multivariate analysis model of H9N2 virus contamination at the vendor level was Logit P (H9N2=1 | x) = 0.29924 - 2.42176PPE + 1.58691carcass sink. The risk factor contributing to increase H9N2 contamination is using carcass sinks, while PPE is the one that reduces H9N2 contamination.","PeriodicalId":52402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90557076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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