Putri Sri Andila, I. Tirta, Tri Warseno, S. Sutomo
The Lontar Usada Bali is a collection of the science of traditional medicine recorded in the lontar leaves. It contains information about the diversity of medicinal plants and treatment procedures used by Balinese for generations. However, most of the information stored in the lontars is only known by the Balians (Traditional Healers). The aim of the study was to investigate and document the diversity of medicinal plants known by Balians in Buleleng Regency, Bali Province, Indonesia. Direct interview with Balians, combined with purposive sampling (for the usada plants), was used in this study and conducted in August-September 2022. The data obtained comprised plant species, habitat, habitus, local names, plant parts used, and how they were used. The data were analysed qualitatively and quantitatively using diagrams, graphs, and tables and measured by the use-value index. Sixty-five species and 37 families of plants were recorded as a medicinal plant. The most widely used plant families by Balians were Zingiberaceae, Poaceae, Rutaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Lamiaceae, Lauraceae, and Malvaceae. In most cases, leaves were used, followed by tubers, fruits, and other parts. Maceration and powder or mushy were the primary modes of making herbal medicine, and external application was the most common method of drug administration. Most medicinal plants were obtained from the home garden, taken from nature, or bought in the market. Several diseases often treated by Balians were convulsions, itching, cramps, headache, black magic, stroke, herpes and tumor/cancer. This research is important to complete the ethnobotanical data on the diversity of medicinal plants in Bali. This data is important information for the development of new drugs and must be maintained for sustainability.
{"title":"Medicinal Plants Diversity Used by Balinese in Buleleng Regency, Bali","authors":"Putri Sri Andila, I. Tirta, Tri Warseno, S. Sutomo","doi":"10.22146/jtbb.73303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/jtbb.73303","url":null,"abstract":"The Lontar Usada Bali is a collection of the science of traditional medicine recorded in the lontar leaves. It contains information about the diversity of medicinal plants and treatment procedures used by Balinese for generations. However, most of the information stored in the lontars is only known by the Balians (Traditional Healers). The aim of the study was to investigate and document the diversity of medicinal plants known by Balians in Buleleng Regency, Bali Province, Indonesia. Direct interview with Balians, combined with purposive sampling (for the usada plants), was used in this study and conducted in August-September 2022. The data obtained comprised plant species, habitat, habitus, local names, plant parts used, and how they were used. The data were analysed qualitatively and quantitatively using diagrams, graphs, and tables and measured by the use-value index. Sixty-five species and 37 families of plants were recorded as a medicinal plant. The most widely used plant families by Balians were Zingiberaceae, Poaceae, Rutaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Lamiaceae, Lauraceae, and Malvaceae. In most cases, leaves were used, followed by tubers, fruits, and other parts. Maceration and powder or mushy were the primary modes of making herbal medicine, and external application was the most common method of drug administration. Most medicinal plants were obtained from the home garden, taken from nature, or bought in the market. Several diseases often treated by Balians were convulsions, itching, cramps, headache, black magic, stroke, herpes and tumor/cancer. This research is important to complete the ethnobotanical data on the diversity of medicinal plants in Bali. This data is important information for the development of new drugs and must be maintained for sustainability. ","PeriodicalId":52402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42813568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chital is a native animal from South Asia. Chital had been introduced to many countries, including Indonesia. Chital was first introduced to Indonesia in 1811 at Bogor Palace and since had been kept captive around Indonesia. Currently, no research had been done concerning the genetic variation of Indonesian chital. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to analyze genetic variation and phylogenetic relationship of chital from Pusat Inovasi Agroteknologi Universitas Gadjah Mada (PIAT UGM), Prambanan Temple, Gembira Loka Zoo, and Bogor Palace, based on mitochondrial D-loop fragment. This study used a Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method. DNA was extracted from faecal samples and amplified with L15995 and H16498 primers. The analysis used for this research were genetic variations, haplotype networking, and phylogenetic relationships between populations. This study detected 5 haplotypes out of 20 sequences with 10 polymorphic sites and 2 indels. The haplotype diversity and the nucleotide diversity were 0.443 and 0.002 respectively, and the genetic distance was between 0 and 2.03% (average 0.55%). This research also showed one main haplotype, labelled as haplotype 1, which consisted of all individuals from PIAT and Prambanan Temple, four individuals from Bogor Palace, and one individual from Gembira Loka. This grouping proves that the majority of chital population in Indonesia came from Bogor Palace. One individual from Gembira Loka has a considerable genetic divergence from the rest of the samples, which might indicate it originated from a different source population.
{"title":"Genetic Variation Within Four Captive Chital (Axis axis) Populations in Indonesia","authors":"M. Z. M. Pratama, Z. Rohmah, Tuty Arisuryanti","doi":"10.22146/jtbb.74728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/jtbb.74728","url":null,"abstract":"Chital is a native animal from South Asia. Chital had been introduced to many countries, including Indonesia. Chital was first introduced to Indonesia in 1811 at Bogor Palace and since had been kept captive around Indonesia. Currently, no research had been done concerning the genetic variation of Indonesian chital. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to analyze genetic variation and phylogenetic relationship of chital from Pusat Inovasi Agroteknologi Universitas Gadjah Mada (PIAT UGM), Prambanan Temple, Gembira Loka Zoo, and Bogor Palace, based on mitochondrial D-loop fragment. This study used a Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method. DNA was extracted from faecal samples and amplified with L15995 and H16498 primers. The analysis used for this research were genetic variations, haplotype networking, and phylogenetic relationships between populations. This study detected 5 haplotypes out of 20 sequences with 10 polymorphic sites and 2 indels. The haplotype diversity and the nucleotide diversity were 0.443 and 0.002 respectively, and the genetic distance was between 0 and 2.03% (average 0.55%). This research also showed one main haplotype, labelled as haplotype 1, which consisted of all individuals from PIAT and Prambanan Temple, four individuals from Bogor Palace, and one individual from Gembira Loka. This grouping proves that the majority of chital population in Indonesia came from Bogor Palace. One individual from Gembira Loka has a considerable genetic divergence from the rest of the samples, which might indicate it originated from a different source population. ","PeriodicalId":52402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43104743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Novita Amalia, D. Perwitasari-Farajallah, S. S. Utami-Atmoko, Azhari Purbatrapsila
The Bornean orang-utan (Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii) release process at Lamandau Wildlife Reserve applies the soft-release method. In this method, there is still provisioning additional food on the feeding site by human. The existence of camp release and feeding sites in the vicinity of release forests is assumed to have an impact on orang-utans’ activity patterns. This assumption is related to the principle of releasing them into their natural forest habitat, namely by reducing direct interaction between humans and orang-utans. The aims of this research were: (i) to measure the intensities of orang-utan presence on camp and feeding site, (ii) to analyze the correlation between phenology and orang-utan’s presence on camp and feeding site, and (iii) to assess orang-utan’s activity budgets, diet composition, and vertical used on camp, feeding site, and forest. Activity budgets of five group orang-utans with different categories based on age and sex were compared using the focal animal sampling method and instantaneous records. The analysis showed no correlation between the intensities of orang-utan presence and phenology. However, there were significant differences in activity patterns between adult and adolescent orang-utans. The findings revealed that adult orang-utans activity pattern tended to be high in resting at all observation locations while adolescents spending more their activity for feeding. Orang-utans at 0-10 m of height classes tend to do more activity. Almost all orang-utans feed on a non-forest diet (45-67%) in the camp release, feeding site, and surrounding. We assumed that the existence of a camp release and feeding site near the release point are affecting factors in a successful reintroduction of ex-rehabilitate orang-utans.
{"title":"Orang-utans’ (Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii) Activity Pattern in Camp Release and Feeding Site of Lamandau Wildlife Sanctuary, Central Borneo, Indonesia","authors":"Novita Amalia, D. Perwitasari-Farajallah, S. S. Utami-Atmoko, Azhari Purbatrapsila","doi":"10.22146/jtbb.70001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/jtbb.70001","url":null,"abstract":"The Bornean orang-utan (Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii) release process at Lamandau Wildlife Reserve applies the soft-release method. In this method, there is still provisioning additional food on the feeding site by human. The existence of camp release and feeding sites in the vicinity of release forests is assumed to have an impact on orang-utans’ activity patterns. This assumption is related to the principle of releasing them into their natural forest habitat, namely by reducing direct interaction between humans and orang-utans. The aims of this research were: (i) to measure the intensities of orang-utan presence on camp and feeding site, (ii) to analyze the correlation between phenology and orang-utan’s presence on camp and feeding site, and (iii) to assess orang-utan’s activity budgets, diet composition, and vertical used on camp, feeding site, and forest. Activity budgets of five group orang-utans with different categories based on age and sex were compared using the focal animal sampling method and instantaneous records. The analysis showed no correlation between the intensities of orang-utan presence and phenology. However, there were significant differences in activity patterns between adult and adolescent orang-utans. The findings revealed that adult orang-utans activity pattern tended to be high in resting at all observation locations while adolescents spending more their activity for feeding. Orang-utans at 0-10 m of height classes tend to do more activity. Almost all orang-utans feed on a non-forest diet (45-67%) in the camp release, feeding site, and surrounding. We assumed that the existence of a camp release and feeding site near the release point are affecting factors in a successful reintroduction of ex-rehabilitate orang-utans. ","PeriodicalId":52402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48151596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. L. Cabuy, Descarlo Worabai, D. A. Djitmau, S. Chhin
Indonesia, particularly the island of Java, is dominated by a number of Shorea tree species (Dipterocarpaceae). Trees of the genus have been utilized for various practices, and they play a fundamental role in managing the stability of tropical forests. This study was carried out to understand the relationships between biomass and microfibril angle in Shorea spp. growing in West Java, where Shorea spp., are abundant. A total of 35 young trees belonging to 5 species were studied. The average age of these trees was 9 years, but in general there was a wide variation in tree diameter and total height. On average, biomass was the highest in S. leprosura and the lowest in S. palembanica. The lowest average microfibril angles (MFAs) were found in S. leprosura and S. mecistopteryx. The regression relationship between biomass and diameter was strong with an R2 value of 0.85, while the strength of the relationship between MFA and diameter was weaker (R2 = 0.195). In general, the MFA degree decreased with increased biomass accumulation Shorea species, which affects tree resistance to environmental variables and competitiveness in Indonesian tropical forests.
{"title":"Relationships Among Biomass, Carbon, and Microfibril Angle in Young Shorea spp. (Dipterocarpaceae) in Indonesia","authors":"R. L. Cabuy, Descarlo Worabai, D. A. Djitmau, S. Chhin","doi":"10.22146/jtbb.73864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/jtbb.73864","url":null,"abstract":"Indonesia, particularly the island of Java, is dominated by a number of Shorea tree species (Dipterocarpaceae). Trees of the genus have been utilized for various practices, and they play a fundamental role in managing the stability of tropical forests. This study was carried out to understand the relationships between biomass and microfibril angle in Shorea spp. growing in West Java, where Shorea spp., are abundant. A total of 35 young trees belonging to 5 species were studied. The average age of these trees was 9 years, but in general there was a wide variation in tree diameter and total height. On average, biomass was the highest in S. leprosura and the lowest in S. palembanica. The lowest average microfibril angles (MFAs) were found in S. leprosura and S. mecistopteryx. The regression relationship between biomass and diameter was strong with an R2 value of 0.85, while the strength of the relationship between MFA and diameter was weaker (R2 = 0.195). In general, the MFA degree decreased with increased biomass accumulation Shorea species, which affects tree resistance to environmental variables and competitiveness in Indonesian tropical forests. ","PeriodicalId":52402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42778023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aquatic plant "Red Malang” (Ludwigia sp.) has a fairly high economic value as an ornamental aquatic plant, so it has the potential to be developed. The growth of in vitro cultures in culture bottles is high-speed, so it is necessary to find a formula media to inhibit growth so that the frequency of subcultures is reduced. The current research aims to produce a formula media for shoot multiplication and in vitro culture conservation. The research was carried out at the ICABIOGRAD tissue culture laboratory from April 2020 to June 2021. Research activities included plant propagation, conservation, and regeneration after conservation. Plant material was using in the form of a culture collection in the ICABIOGRAD tissue culture laboratory, treatment media for propagation were BA (0; 0.1; 0.3; 0.5; 0.7 and 0.9 mg/L) + thidiazuron (TDZ) (0 and 0.1mg/L). For conservation were MS + BA medium (0 and 0.1 mg/L) + paclobutrazol (0; 0.1; 0.3; 0.5; 0.7 mg/L) and for shoot regeneration after conservation using MS medium without Plant Growth Regulator (PGR). Data analysis using the Anova SAS version 9.0 test program. Further test using DMRT test with alpha level 5%. There was no difference in the mean value between levels of TDZ treatment on the number of shoots and leaves. The difference in the mean value between levels of TDZ treatment was very significant on shoot height, the number of roots, and root length. BA treatment with a concentration of 0.7 mg/L is better because it gives higher results for each observation variable. For conservation, treatment with paclobutrazol 0.5 mg/L inhibited shoot and leaf count, and 0.3 mg/L inhibited shoot formation. Cultures stored for six months grew normally after being regenerated. The highest shoots and the highest number of leaves were obtained from the treatment of paclobutrazol without BA. This study indicated that the propagation media of aquatic plants Ludwigia sp. did not require high concentrations of BA. Cultures could be stored for over six months using paclobutrazol with 0.3-0.6 mg/L.
{"title":"The Formula media in vitro Propagation and Conservation of Ludwigia sp.","authors":"E. Lestari, M. Nugraha, R. Yunita","doi":"10.22146/jtbb.75947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/jtbb.75947","url":null,"abstract":"The aquatic plant \"Red Malang” (Ludwigia sp.) has a fairly high economic value as an ornamental aquatic plant, so it has the potential to be developed. The growth of in vitro cultures in culture bottles is high-speed, so it is necessary to find a formula media to inhibit growth so that the frequency of subcultures is reduced. The current research aims to produce a formula media for shoot multiplication and in vitro culture conservation. The research was carried out at the ICABIOGRAD tissue culture laboratory from April 2020 to June 2021. Research activities included plant propagation, conservation, and regeneration after conservation. Plant material was using in the form of a culture collection in the ICABIOGRAD tissue culture laboratory, treatment media for propagation were BA (0; 0.1; 0.3; 0.5; 0.7 and 0.9 mg/L) + thidiazuron (TDZ) (0 and 0.1mg/L). For conservation were MS + BA medium (0 and 0.1 mg/L) + paclobutrazol (0; 0.1; 0.3; 0.5; 0.7 mg/L) and for shoot regeneration after conservation using MS medium without Plant Growth Regulator (PGR). Data analysis using the Anova SAS version 9.0 test program. Further test using DMRT test with alpha level 5%. There was no difference in the mean value between levels of TDZ treatment on the number of shoots and leaves. The difference in the mean value between levels of TDZ treatment was very significant on shoot height, the number of roots, and root length. BA treatment with a concentration of 0.7 mg/L is better because it gives higher results for each observation variable. For conservation, treatment with paclobutrazol 0.5 mg/L inhibited shoot and leaf count, and 0.3 mg/L inhibited shoot formation. Cultures stored for six months grew normally after being regenerated. The highest shoots and the highest number of leaves were obtained from the treatment of paclobutrazol without BA. This study indicated that the propagation media of aquatic plants Ludwigia sp. did not require high concentrations of BA. Cultures could be stored for over six months using paclobutrazol with 0.3-0.6 mg/L. ","PeriodicalId":52402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48412436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Sutomo, M. B. Atmaja, I. Darma, R. Iryadi, A. Hani, I. Wijaya, Made Maha Widyartha, E. V. van Etten
Dacrycarpus imbricatus provides essential ecosystem functions and various potential uses. Therefore, studying this distribution and conservation status in Bali Islands is crucial. The Habitat Suitability Model (HSM) and Geospatial Conservation Assessment Tool (GeoCAT) were used to predict this distribution and conservation status. The results showed changes in the predicted habitat suitability in 2050. Climate change conditions will impact the preferential habitat of the current location. The analysis classifies D. imbricatus as an endangered (EN) species in Bali. The model does not consider anthropogenic factors which change the land use/land cover. Therefore, more severe conservation efforts in Bali are needed for this species.
{"title":"An Update on the Habitat Suitability Model of Dacrycarpus imbricatus (Blume) de Laub. and Its Conservation Status in Bali, Indonesia","authors":"S. Sutomo, M. B. Atmaja, I. Darma, R. Iryadi, A. Hani, I. Wijaya, Made Maha Widyartha, E. V. van Etten","doi":"10.22146/jtbb.74578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/jtbb.74578","url":null,"abstract":"Dacrycarpus imbricatus provides essential ecosystem functions and various potential uses. Therefore, studying this distribution and conservation status in Bali Islands is crucial. The Habitat Suitability Model (HSM) and Geospatial Conservation Assessment Tool (GeoCAT) were used to predict this distribution and conservation status. The results showed changes in the predicted habitat suitability in 2050. Climate change conditions will impact the preferential habitat of the current location. The analysis classifies D. imbricatus as an endangered (EN) species in Bali. The model does not consider anthropogenic factors which change the land use/land cover. Therefore, more severe conservation efforts in Bali are needed for this species. ","PeriodicalId":52402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49014903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Hartati, Samanhudi Samanhudi, M. Rahayu, M. D. Sukardan, Nadia Alifia Rahma
Biduri (Calotropis gigantea) was a wild plant that had many benefits in the health and textile industries. In the health sector, biduri was used as a herbal plant, while in the textile industry, used as the main raw material. Biduri could be used as a substitute for kapok as the main raw material, therefore it was necessary to develop cultivation technology to met the needs. This research was conducted at the Jumantono Field Laboratory of Faculty of Agriculture UNS, Karanganyar using a factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), which consisted of 2 factors, namely cow dung fertilizer, and mycorrhizae. Cow dung fertilizer consists of 0 ton/ha, 10 ton/ha, and 20 ton/ha. Mycorrhizae consisted of 0 grams/plant, 5 grams/plant, 10gram/plant, and 15gram/plant. There were 36 treatment combination that consist of 12 treatment combination repeated 3 times. The interaction between cow dung did not significantly affect all physiological observation variables. The results showed that the application of 20 ton/ha of cow dung fertilizer gave the best results on the width of stomata openings, the rate of photosynthesis, and the rate of transpiration. Inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi had no significant effect on all observations of physiological variables Keywords: Calotropis gigantea, cow manure, mycorrhiza, physiological
比杜里(Calotropis gigantea)是一种野生植物，在保健和纺织工业中有许多好处。在卫生部门，biduri被用作草药植物，而在纺织工业中，biduri被用作主要原料。比杜里可替代木棉作为主要原料，因此有必要开发栽培技术以满足需求。本研究在Karanganyar农业学院Jumantono野外实验室进行，采用随机完全区组设计(RCBD)，包括2个因素，即牛粪肥和菌根。牛粪肥分为0吨/公顷、10吨/公顷、20吨/公顷。菌根由0克/株、5克/株、10克/株和15克/株组成。共36个治疗组合，其中12个治疗组合重复3次。牛粪间的交互作用对各生理观察变量均无显著影响。结果表明，施用20 t /ha的牛粪肥对气孔开度、光合速率和蒸腾速率的影响最好。接种菌根真菌对各生理指标均无显著影响。关键词:巨茶甘露菌;牛粪;菌根
{"title":"Application Cow Manure and Mychorriza to Physiological of Biduri (Calotropis gigantea)","authors":"S. Hartati, Samanhudi Samanhudi, M. Rahayu, M. D. Sukardan, Nadia Alifia Rahma","doi":"10.20961/jbb.v2i2.61273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/jbb.v2i2.61273","url":null,"abstract":"Biduri (Calotropis gigantea) was a wild plant that had many benefits in the health and textile industries. In the health sector, biduri was used as a herbal plant, while in the textile industry, used as the main raw material. Biduri could be used as a substitute for kapok as the main raw material, therefore it was necessary to develop cultivation technology to met the needs. This research was conducted at the Jumantono Field Laboratory of Faculty of Agriculture UNS, Karanganyar using a factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), which consisted of 2 factors, namely cow dung fertilizer, and mycorrhizae. Cow dung fertilizer consists of 0 ton/ha, 10 ton/ha, and 20 ton/ha. Mycorrhizae consisted of 0 grams/plant, 5 grams/plant, 10gram/plant, and 15gram/plant. There were 36 treatment combination that consist of 12 treatment combination repeated 3 times. The interaction between cow dung did not significantly affect all physiological observation variables. The results showed that the application of 20 ton/ha of cow dung fertilizer gave the best results on the width of stomata openings, the rate of photosynthesis, and the rate of transpiration. Inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi had no significant effect on all observations of physiological variables Keywords: Calotropis gigantea, cow manure, mycorrhiza, physiological","PeriodicalId":52402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87128531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Roots are plant organs that function to absorb water and nutrients from the rhizosphere. If the soil is dry, the roots will be affected first. This study aims to know the response of soybean root to drought stress. This research was arranged in a randomized completely block design (RCBD) with two factors and three replications. The first factor was soil moisture content, which consisted of four levels, e.i., 100, 75, 50, and 25% field capacity. The second factor was the growth stage, which consisted of three kinds, e.i., the vegetative active, flowering time, and seed filling period. The results showed that the soil water content in below 75% field capacity decreased root length, root fresh weight, root dry weight, root volume, and increased shoot root ratio. The seed filling period was more sensitive to water deficiency than the active vegetative and flowering time. The study findings that soybean plants can grow well at 100% field capacity. The practical implication of planting soybeans use a soil moisture content of 100% field capacity.
{"title":"Root Growth Response of Soybean Under Water Deficit","authors":"A. Aziez, A. Prasetyo, Paiman Paiman","doi":"10.20961/jbb.v2i2.66465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/jbb.v2i2.66465","url":null,"abstract":"Roots are plant organs that function to absorb water and nutrients from the rhizosphere. If the soil is dry, the roots will be affected first. This study aims to know the response of soybean root to drought stress. This research was arranged in a randomized completely block design (RCBD) with two factors and three replications. The first factor was soil moisture content, which consisted of four levels, e.i., 100, 75, 50, and 25% field capacity. The second factor was the growth stage, which consisted of three kinds, e.i., the vegetative active, flowering time, and seed filling period. The results showed that the soil water content in below 75% field capacity decreased root length, root fresh weight, root dry weight, root volume, and increased shoot root ratio. The seed filling period was more sensitive to water deficiency than the active vegetative and flowering time. The study findings that soybean plants can grow well at 100% field capacity. The practical implication of planting soybeans use a soil moisture content of 100% field capacity.","PeriodicalId":52402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84873803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
‘Nasubi’ eggplant seeds have occurred since 2018. In addition, plants that produce fruit phenotypic characters differ from those planted before the planting period in 2018. These three factors cause the decline in harvest rates and the current high increase in production costs. Observation of variations in phenotypic and molecular characters with ISSR molecular markers between seeds before 2018 and after 2018, became the first step for the research team to reveal information on the uniformity of phenotypic and molecular characters in eggplant ‘Nasubi’ from seeds purchased by farmers before 2018 and post-2018. The results of the molecular analysis with ISSR primary molecular markers namely UBC 809, UBC 815, IBC 880, UBC 888, and UBC 892, showed that the six samples had a high similarity index of 90% and resulted in a low polymorphism average of 12%. The results of the phenotypic analysis showed that eggplants from the seeds before 2018 and seeds after 2018 in this study had variations in the character of the leaf tip angle, leaf base, flower crown color, stamen color, young fruit color, fruit curve, and fruit tip shape.
{"title":"Genetic Variability of Eggplant (Solanum Melongena L. 'Nasubi') Based on ISSR Markers and Phenotypic Characters","authors":"Nabila Shafura, A. Rabbani, B. Daryono","doi":"10.20961/jbb.v2i2.65874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/jbb.v2i2.65874","url":null,"abstract":"‘Nasubi’ eggplant seeds have occurred since 2018. In addition, plants that produce fruit phenotypic characters differ from those planted before the planting period in 2018. These three factors cause the decline in harvest rates and the current high increase in production costs. Observation of variations in phenotypic and molecular characters with ISSR molecular markers between seeds before 2018 and after 2018, became the first step for the research team to reveal information on the uniformity of phenotypic and molecular characters in eggplant ‘Nasubi’ from seeds purchased by farmers before 2018 and post-2018. The results of the molecular analysis with ISSR primary molecular markers namely UBC 809, UBC 815, IBC 880, UBC 888, and UBC 892, showed that the six samples had a high similarity index of 90% and resulted in a low polymorphism average of 12%. The results of the phenotypic analysis showed that eggplants from the seeds before 2018 and seeds after 2018 in this study had variations in the character of the leaf tip angle, leaf base, flower crown color, stamen color, young fruit color, fruit curve, and fruit tip shape.","PeriodicalId":52402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73616656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Susilowati, Rizkya Suhardo Putri, Widya Mudyantini
Infectious diseases are diseases caused by the presence of microorganisms that enter and develop in the body, causing several clinical symptoms and signs. One of the infectious diseases is diarrhea caused by Escherichia coli. There are many potential herbal plants as alternative antibacterial antibiotics, one of which comes from the Asian pigeonwings flower (Clitoria ternatea). This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of the ethyl acetate fraction of pigeonwings flower, phytochemical compounds and its TLC-bioautography profile. The antibacterial compound of pigeonwings flower was extracted by maceration using ethanol and then fractionated by ethyl acetate and made solutions with concentrations of 5, 10, 20, and 40%, respectively. The experiment was carried out with 3 replications using the well diffusion method and followed by TLC-bioautography to determine the TLC-bioautography profile. Phytochemical compounds of pigeonwings flower were determined by thin layer chromatography (TLC). Antibacterial activity data were analyzed using the One Way ANOVA and continued with the Tukey HSD 5% through SPSS. The ethyl acetate fraction of pigeonwings flower had the best antibacterial activity at a concentration of 40% with an inhibition zone diameter of 11.54 mm. The diameter of the inhibition zone showed significantly different in each concentration and it can be said that the ethyl acetate fraction of pigeonwings flower was able to inhibit the growth of E. coli. The phytochemical compounds contained in the ethyl acetate fraction of pigeonwings flower are flavonoids and alkaloids with flavonoids being the most active compounds in inhibiting the growth of E. coli.
传染病是由微生物进入并在体内发展而引起的疾病，引起几种临床症状和体征。大肠杆菌引起的腹泻是传染病之一。有许多潜在的草药植物作为替代抗菌抗生素，其中一种来自亚洲鸽花(阴蒂)。本研究旨在测定鸽花乙酸乙酯部位的抑菌活性、植物化学成分及其tlc生物自显影谱。用乙醇浸渍法提取鸽子花抗菌化合物，再用乙酸乙酯分离，分别制成浓度为5%、10%、20%和40%的溶液。实验采用孔扩散法进行3次重复，然后进行薄层生物图谱测定。采用薄层色谱法对鸽子花中的植物化学成分进行了测定。抗菌活性数据采用单因素方差分析(One Way ANOVA)进行分析，并通过SPSS继续使用Tukey HSD 5%进行分析。鸽花乙酸乙酯部位在40%的浓度下抑菌效果最好，抑菌带直径为11.54 mm。在不同浓度下，抑菌带的直径有显著差异，说明鸽花乙酸乙酯部位对大肠杆菌的生长具有抑制作用。鸽子花乙酸乙酯部位的植物化学成分主要为黄酮类化合物和生物碱，其中黄酮类化合物对大肠杆菌的抑制作用最强。
{"title":"ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY AND TLC-BIOTOGRAPHY PROFILE OF THE ETHYL ACETAT FRACTION OF ASIAN PIGEONWINGS FLOWER (Clitoria ternatea) AGAINST Escherichia coli","authors":"A. Susilowati, Rizkya Suhardo Putri, Widya Mudyantini","doi":"10.20961/jbb.v2i2.66769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/jbb.v2i2.66769","url":null,"abstract":"Infectious diseases are diseases caused by the presence of microorganisms that enter and develop in the body, causing several clinical symptoms and signs. One of the infectious diseases is diarrhea caused by Escherichia coli. There are many potential herbal plants as alternative antibacterial antibiotics, one of which comes from the Asian pigeonwings flower (Clitoria ternatea). This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of the ethyl acetate fraction of pigeonwings flower, phytochemical compounds and its TLC-bioautography profile. The antibacterial compound of pigeonwings flower was extracted by maceration using ethanol and then fractionated by ethyl acetate and made solutions with concentrations of 5, 10, 20, and 40%, respectively. The experiment was carried out with 3 replications using the well diffusion method and followed by TLC-bioautography to determine the TLC-bioautography profile. Phytochemical compounds of pigeonwings flower were determined by thin layer chromatography (TLC). Antibacterial activity data were analyzed using the One Way ANOVA and continued with the Tukey HSD 5% through SPSS. The ethyl acetate fraction of pigeonwings flower had the best antibacterial activity at a concentration of 40% with an inhibition zone diameter of 11.54 mm. The diameter of the inhibition zone showed significantly different in each concentration and it can be said that the ethyl acetate fraction of pigeonwings flower was able to inhibit the growth of E. coli. The phytochemical compounds contained in the ethyl acetate fraction of pigeonwings flower are flavonoids and alkaloids with flavonoids being the most active compounds in inhibiting the growth of E. coli.","PeriodicalId":52402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85431478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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