Pub Date : 2023-01-30DOI: 10.15561/26649837.2023.0110
G. Korobeynikov, L. Korobeinikova, M. Raab, M. Baić, O. Borysova, I. Korobeinikova, Gou Shengpeng, I. Khmelnitska
Background and Study Aim. In the basis of the boxer's power qualities is the ability to perceive and process external information. Therefore, in order to ensure the proper training of qualified boxers, there is a need to monitor the functional state of the boxer’s organism. The relationship between cognitive functions and special working capacity of elite boxers were studied. Material and Methods. The level of special working capacity was studied by the test of punching a boxer for 8 s at maximum speed. Cognitive functions (verbal and nonverbal intelligence, and word memory) were studied using the "Multipsychometer-05" hardware-software. 26 elite boxers, aged 18-24, were tested. Results. The research results showed that groups of boxers with different levels of special working capacity differ in terms of accuracy and efficiency when performing a cognitive task with verbal stimuli. The resulted that the high level of special working capacity of elite boxers is provided by the manifestation of verbal intelligence. Besides, the special working capacity is related with activation of mental functions of attention, speed of visual perception, operational and logical thinking. At the same time, significantly higher values of decision latency in this group of boxers indicate a slowdown in the processing of nonverbal information in boxers with a high level of special working capacity to work. It can be noted that the special working capacity of boxers has a direct relationship with quality and inverse relationship with the speed of information processing. The speed of memorizing verbal information is better in boxers with a high level of special working capacity. This fact indicates the importance of the verbal factor for the assimilation of special information in the training of boxers. The best values of accuracy and efficiency indicate the relationship of special working capacity in skilled boxers with the quality and volume of memorized verbal information. Conclusions. The special working capacity of elite boxers has a direct relationship with quality and inverse relationship with the speed of information processing. The elite boxers with a high level of special working capacity have a better speed of verbal information memorizing.
{"title":"Cognitive functions and special working capacity in elite boxers","authors":"G. Korobeynikov, L. Korobeinikova, M. Raab, M. Baić, O. Borysova, I. Korobeinikova, Gou Shengpeng, I. Khmelnitska","doi":"10.15561/26649837.2023.0110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15561/26649837.2023.0110","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Study Aim. In the basis of the boxer's power qualities is the ability to perceive and process external information. Therefore, in order to ensure the proper training of qualified boxers, there is a need to monitor the functional state of the boxer’s organism. The relationship between cognitive functions and special working capacity of elite boxers were studied. \u0000Material and Methods. The level of special working capacity was studied by the test of punching a boxer for 8 s at maximum speed. Cognitive functions (verbal and nonverbal intelligence, and word memory) were studied using the \"Multipsychometer-05\" hardware-software. 26 elite boxers, aged 18-24, were tested. \u0000Results. The research results showed that groups of boxers with different levels of special working capacity differ in terms of accuracy and efficiency when performing a cognitive task with verbal stimuli. The resulted that the high level of special working capacity of elite boxers is provided by the manifestation of verbal intelligence. Besides, the special working capacity is related with activation of mental functions of attention, speed of visual perception, operational and logical thinking. At the same time, significantly higher values of decision latency in this group of boxers indicate a slowdown in the processing of nonverbal information in boxers with a high level of special working capacity to work. It can be noted that the special working capacity of boxers has a direct relationship with quality and inverse relationship with the speed of information processing. The speed of memorizing verbal information is better in boxers with a high level of special working capacity. This fact indicates the importance of the verbal factor for the assimilation of special information in the training of boxers. The best values of accuracy and efficiency indicate the relationship of special working capacity in skilled boxers with the quality and volume of memorized verbal information. \u0000Conclusions. The special working capacity of elite boxers has a direct relationship with quality and inverse relationship with the speed of information processing. The elite boxers with a high level of special working capacity have a better speed of verbal information memorizing.","PeriodicalId":52407,"journal":{"name":"Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43681471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-28DOI: 10.15561/26649837.2023.0109
G. Mocanu, G. Murariu, V. Potop
Background and Study Aim. Explosive strength/muscular strength is demanded at the level of different body segments and regions in most sports. The purpose of the research: is to identify the differences in the manifestation of explosive force between groups of underweight, normal weight and overweight university students; to determine the associations between the anthropometric parameters and the value of the results in the applied tests. Material and Methods. The investigated group consists of 147 students (men) of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, divided into 3 distinct groups for the analysis of the results: underweight (age=20.40±1.18, BMI=17.81±0.93), normal weight (age=20.504±1.671, BMI =22.24±1.67) and overweight (age=22.44±2.24, BMI=28.01±2.74). 7 tests were used to evaluate the explosive strength of the lower body (Vertical Jump Test, Standing Long Jump Test, 3-Hop Test, The multiple 5 bounds test, 30s Lateral double leg hop test, 30s Continuous vertical jumps, Speed Test 10m). A number of 6 tests were used to evaluate the explosive strength of the upper body (Overhand ball throw, Shot put, Overhead Medicine Ball Throw-forward, Overhead Medicine Ball Throw-backward, Medicine ball chest throw, 30s Plyometric Push-Ups). Results. Univariate test results indicate F values associated with significant thresholds at the lower body level (P<0.05) for tests based on horizontal jumps (Standing Long Jump, 3-Hop Test and The multiple 5 bounds test), where underweight and normal weight have the better average scores. At the level of the upper body, the situation is changed (for Shot put and medicine balls throws), where the overweight have the best average values, followed by the normal weight, and the worst results are found for the underweight group (P<0.05). Only for the Overhand ball throw and 30s Plyometric Push-Ups, the superiority of the overweight is not statistically confirmed (P>0.05). Correlation calculation (Pearson values) indicates positive associations between body height and vertical and horizontal jumps (except for those repeated for 30s), but negative associations of BMI and body mass with jump-based tests. However, BMI and body mass are moderately, positively and significantly correlated with throw-based tests (P<0.05). Conclusions. We can state that the classification of students in different BMI categories generates differences in explosive strength values between the 3 studied groups. The comparisons indicate the superiority of underweight and normal weights over overweight in all lower body explosive strength tests. The comparisons indicate also the significant superiority of overweight in the medicine ball and shot put tests over normal and underweight. The obtained results cannot be generalized, due to the small size of the underweight and overweight samples. Further investigations on larger groups of university students being necessary.
{"title":"Differences in explosive strength values for students of the faculty of physical education and sports (male) according to body mass index levels","authors":"G. Mocanu, G. Murariu, V. Potop","doi":"10.15561/26649837.2023.0109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15561/26649837.2023.0109","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Study Aim. Explosive strength/muscular strength is demanded at the level of different body segments and regions in most sports. The purpose of the research: is to identify the differences in the manifestation of explosive force between groups of underweight, normal weight and overweight university students; to determine the associations between the anthropometric parameters and the value of the results in the applied tests. \u0000Material and Methods. The investigated group consists of 147 students (men) of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, divided into 3 distinct groups for the analysis of the results: underweight (age=20.40±1.18, BMI=17.81±0.93), normal weight (age=20.504±1.671, BMI =22.24±1.67) and overweight (age=22.44±2.24, BMI=28.01±2.74). 7 tests were used to evaluate the explosive strength of the lower body (Vertical Jump Test, Standing Long Jump Test, 3-Hop Test, The multiple 5 bounds test, 30s Lateral double leg hop test, 30s Continuous vertical jumps, Speed Test 10m). A number of 6 tests were used to evaluate the explosive strength of the upper body (Overhand ball throw, Shot put, Overhead Medicine Ball Throw-forward, Overhead Medicine Ball Throw-backward, Medicine ball chest throw, 30s Plyometric Push-Ups). \u0000Results. Univariate test results indicate F values associated with significant thresholds at the lower body level (P<0.05) for tests based on horizontal jumps (Standing Long Jump, 3-Hop Test and The multiple 5 bounds test), where underweight and normal weight have the better average scores. At the level of the upper body, the situation is changed (for Shot put and medicine balls throws), where the overweight have the best average values, followed by the normal weight, and the worst results are found for the underweight group (P<0.05). Only for the Overhand ball throw and 30s Plyometric Push-Ups, the superiority of the overweight is not statistically confirmed (P>0.05). Correlation calculation (Pearson values) indicates positive associations between body height and vertical and horizontal jumps (except for those repeated for 30s), but negative associations of BMI and body mass with jump-based tests. However, BMI and body mass are moderately, positively and significantly correlated with throw-based tests (P<0.05). \u0000Conclusions. We can state that the classification of students in different BMI categories generates differences in explosive strength values between the 3 studied groups. The comparisons indicate the superiority of underweight and normal weights over overweight in all lower body explosive strength tests. The comparisons indicate also the significant superiority of overweight in the medicine ball and shot put tests over normal and underweight. The obtained results cannot be generalized, due to the small size of the underweight and overweight samples. Further investigations on larger groups of university students being necessary.","PeriodicalId":52407,"journal":{"name":"Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42264707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-16DOI: 10.15561/26649837.2023.0108
Š. Adamčák, M. Marko, P. Bartík
Background and Study Aim. Physical education teachers play an important role in helping students to understand the importance of physical activity. By maximizing physical activity time in physical education, physical education teachers can influence physical activity needs of students. The present study was aimed at analysing and comparing teachers’ preferences of teaching primary physical education. Material and Methods. Survey instrument (teachers’ preferences) was carried out five months (May – September, 2022) through an intentional sampling with survey group size of 1300 physical education teachers of primary education: (i) Preschool and elementary pedagogy (50.76%, n = 660), (ii) Related pedagogy (49.24%, n = 640). Pearson correlation coefficient (r), chi-square test (χ2) (inferential) and descriptive statistics were used to analyse and compare the data. Results. Physical education is often viewed as a marginal subject within the curriculum, however after analysing the data, on average, 63.54% (n = 826) of survey group believes that physical education is just as important as any other school subject (p ˂ .01). According to 52% (n = 676) of survey group, games are popular teaching activity in physical education (p ˂ .01). About 40.50% (n = 526) of survey group does not enjoy teaching dance in physical education (p ˂ .01). About 37.55% (n = 488) of survey group considers teaching health and fitness as demanding (p ˃ .05) and athletics and gymnastics (36.06%, n = 468) as undemanding (p ˂ .01). Conclusions. Primary physical education is an important component of curriculum and provides unique challenges for those involved with its teaching.
{"title":"Teachers’ preferences of teaching primary physical education: curriculum preferences","authors":"Š. Adamčák, M. Marko, P. Bartík","doi":"10.15561/26649837.2023.0108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15561/26649837.2023.0108","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Study Aim. Physical education teachers play an important role in helping students to understand the importance of physical activity. By maximizing physical activity time in physical education, physical education teachers can influence physical activity needs of students. The present study was aimed at analysing and comparing teachers’ preferences of teaching primary physical education. \u0000Material and Methods. Survey instrument (teachers’ preferences) was carried out five months (May – September, 2022) through an intentional sampling with survey group size of 1300 physical education teachers of primary education: (i) Preschool and elementary pedagogy (50.76%, n = 660), (ii) Related pedagogy (49.24%, n = 640). Pearson correlation coefficient (r), chi-square test (χ2) (inferential) and descriptive statistics were used to analyse and compare the data. \u0000Results. Physical education is often viewed as a marginal subject within the curriculum, however after analysing the data, on average, 63.54% (n = 826) of survey group believes that physical education is just as important as any other school subject (p ˂ .01). According to 52% (n = 676) of survey group, games are popular teaching activity in physical education (p ˂ .01). About 40.50% (n = 526) of survey group does not enjoy teaching dance in physical education (p ˂ .01). About 37.55% (n = 488) of survey group considers teaching health and fitness as demanding (p ˃ .05) and athletics and gymnastics (36.06%, n = 468) as undemanding (p ˂ .01). \u0000Conclusions. Primary physical education is an important component of curriculum and provides unique challenges for those involved with its teaching.","PeriodicalId":52407,"journal":{"name":"Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49312600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-16DOI: 10.15561/26649837.2023.0107
Joseph T. Lobo, Bryan Dale Bernardo
Background and Study Aim. College students’ activity levels are considerably affected by mobile gaming, according to multiple studies. There have, however, been no studies done to date comparing gamers and non-gamers in terms of their levels of endurance. This present study employed beep and 3-minute step tests to compare mobile gamers’ and non-gamers endurance levels. In addition, the difference between demographic variables such as age, gender, and BMI and participants’ aerobic capacity is a major area of study. Material and Methods. Students at the City College of Angeles in the Philippines were selected using the Judgement Sampling Technique to take part in the research. Students who participated in the study are enrolled in the 1st Semester of the Academic year 2022-2023. A survey questionnaire consisting of four sections were utilized to obtain information from the respondents. Age, gender, body mass index (BMI), and an endurance test are all part of the personal profile. Both the beep test and the 3-minute step test were administered to the participants. Results from the participants’ personal profiles, BMIs, and endurance tests were summarized using descriptive statistics like frequency (f) and percentage (%). The Paired T-Test was also used to find out if there was a significant difference in the participants’ endurance between mobile gamers and non-gamers. Finally, the individuals’ age, gender, and Body Mass Index (BMI) were validated with their endurance levels by performing Independent Samples T-Test and One-way ANOVA. Results. Beep and 3-minute step tests showed that gamers and non-gamers have very different levels of endurance, with the latter group displaying much more stamina than the former. It was also shown that among the three factors studied, gender was the only one with a relationship to endurance. Conclusions. The study did not take into account factors like health history including nutrition, diet, sleep pattern, lifestyle, health issues, and endurance level on other types of measures. Conducting an inquiry similar to the one that was done, but also taking into account the other variables indicated, is a highly suggested course. Several findings are established, and numerous suggestions for further research, as well as policy and educational applications, are provided.
{"title":"Mobile Gamers versus Non-gamer students’ endurance levels via Beep and 3-minute step test","authors":"Joseph T. Lobo, Bryan Dale Bernardo","doi":"10.15561/26649837.2023.0107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15561/26649837.2023.0107","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Study Aim. College students’ activity levels are considerably affected by mobile gaming, according to multiple studies. There have, however, been no studies done to date comparing gamers and non-gamers in terms of their levels of endurance. This present study employed beep and 3-minute step tests to compare mobile gamers’ and non-gamers endurance levels. In addition, the difference between demographic variables such as age, gender, and BMI and participants’ aerobic capacity is a major area of study.\u0000Material and Methods. Students at the City College of Angeles in the Philippines were selected using the Judgement Sampling Technique to take part in the research. Students who participated in the study are enrolled in the 1st Semester of the Academic year 2022-2023. A survey questionnaire consisting of four sections were utilized to obtain information from the respondents. Age, gender, body mass index (BMI), and an endurance test are all part of the personal profile. Both the beep test and the 3-minute step test were administered to the participants. Results from the participants’ personal profiles, BMIs, and endurance tests were summarized using descriptive statistics like frequency (f) and percentage (%). The Paired T-Test was also used to find out if there was a significant difference in the participants’ endurance between mobile gamers and non-gamers. Finally, the individuals’ age, gender, and Body Mass Index (BMI) were validated with their endurance levels by performing Independent Samples T-Test and One-way ANOVA.\u0000Results. Beep and 3-minute step tests showed that gamers and non-gamers have very different levels of endurance, with the latter group displaying much more stamina than the former. It was also shown that among the three factors studied, gender was the only one with a relationship to endurance.\u0000Conclusions. The study did not take into account factors like health history including nutrition, diet, sleep pattern, lifestyle, health issues, and endurance level on other types of measures. Conducting an inquiry similar to the one that was done, but also taking into account the other variables indicated, is a highly suggested course. Several findings are established, and numerous suggestions for further research, as well as policy and educational applications, are provided.","PeriodicalId":52407,"journal":{"name":"Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44335346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-04DOI: 10.15561/26649837.2023.0106
Fabrício Madureira, T. V. Gomes, Thiago Augusto Costa de Oliveira, Andrea M. Freudenheim, U. Corrêa
Background and Study Aim. The development and validation of assessment instruments are essential procedures for any professional intervention, including in physical education and sports contexts. This study aimed to provide a component-based assessment instrument for track start in swimming. It refers to the act of starting the competitive swim by diving into the water from a raised block (platform) at the edge of the pool. Material and Methods. The content validity involved the participation of sixty-three experienced swimming coaches. They completed a questionnaire about their degree of agreement (Likert scale) with the initial position, impulsion, flight, and entry into the water as the track start's components. Reliability and construct validity involved the participation of seven experienced swimming coaches. The first was verified through test-retest (intrarater) and reproducibility (interrater) procedures. The latter was tested by considering the instrument's ability to assess different track start performances. Results. The concordant answers (strongly agree and agree) ranged from 63% to 95%, with most components above 80%. The Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC) results show from good to excellent interrater and intrarater reliabilities. Specifically, the interrater correlations in the test and intrarater correlations in track start 1 were revealed excellent. In addition, the interrater correlations in the retest and intrarater correlations in track start 2 were revealed good. Conclusions. The obtained validities and reliabilities made possible a component-based assessment instrument that allows: (i) a clear and standardized structure of track start in swimming involving the initial position, impulsion, flight, and entry into the water; (ii) accessing to the practitioners’ states in relation to desired start performance; and (iii) a reference for coaches and teachers to provide instruction and feedback for learning and performance improvement.
{"title":"Validity and reliability of an assessment instrument of track start in swimming","authors":"Fabrício Madureira, T. V. Gomes, Thiago Augusto Costa de Oliveira, Andrea M. Freudenheim, U. Corrêa","doi":"10.15561/26649837.2023.0106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15561/26649837.2023.0106","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Study Aim. The development and validation of assessment instruments are essential procedures for any professional intervention, including in physical education and sports contexts. This study aimed to provide a component-based assessment instrument for track start in swimming. It refers to the act of starting the competitive swim by diving into the water from a raised block (platform) at the edge of the pool. \u0000Material and Methods. The content validity involved the participation of sixty-three experienced swimming coaches. They completed a questionnaire about their degree of agreement (Likert scale) with the initial position, impulsion, flight, and entry into the water as the track start's components. Reliability and construct validity involved the participation of seven experienced swimming coaches. The first was verified through test-retest (intrarater) and reproducibility (interrater) procedures. The latter was tested by considering the instrument's ability to assess different track start performances. \u0000Results. The concordant answers (strongly agree and agree) ranged from 63% to 95%, with most components above 80%. The Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC) results show from good to excellent interrater and intrarater reliabilities. Specifically, the interrater correlations in the test and intrarater correlations in track start 1 were revealed excellent. In addition, the interrater correlations in the retest and intrarater correlations in track start 2 were revealed good. \u0000Conclusions. The obtained validities and reliabilities made possible a component-based assessment instrument that allows: (i) a clear and standardized structure of track start in swimming involving the initial position, impulsion, flight, and entry into the water; (ii) accessing to the practitioners’ states in relation to desired start performance; and (iii) a reference for coaches and teachers to provide instruction and feedback for learning and performance improvement.","PeriodicalId":52407,"journal":{"name":"Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44714325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-04DOI: 10.15561/26649837.2023.0105
L. Podrigalo, V. Romanenko, Olha O. Podrihalo, S. Iermakov, Anatolyi Huba, Volodymyr Perevoznyk, O. Podavalenko
Background and Study Aim. The importance of psychophysiological features in optimizing the functional state of athletes is beyond doubt. The aim of this study was a comparative analysis of the psychophysiological features of taekwondo athletes of different age groups. Material and Methods. The study involved 42 taekwondo athletes, skill level 2 Gup – 1 Dan. The participants were divided into groups of 14 people. Group 1 – (7.50±0.14) years, Group 2 – (10.07±0.22) years, Group 3 – (13.36±0.27) years. A special computer program for devices with the iOS operating system was used. The Apple iPad, 4th generation with a screen diagonal of 9.7 inches was used. The following tests were used: reaction choice (RC), reaction to a moving object (RMO) and size test (ST). The results of the groups were compared using the nonparametric Rosenbaum test (Q), and the Pearson correlation coefficient (r) was determined. Results. RMO test results in group 2 were significantly better than those in group 1 (Q=12, p<0.01). A similar correlation was determined for RC (Q=14, p<0.01) and ST (Q=15, p<0.01). When analyzing the frequency of incorrect reactions in RMO, it was found that athletes in the 1st group lagged behind more often (Q=6, p<0.05). A comparison of groups 2 and 3 confirmed that senior athletes had better results in RC (Q=11, p<0.01). For all tests used, the best results of group 3 compared with group 1 was determined: for RMO Q=16, (p<0.01), for RC Q=22, (p<0.01), for ST Q=20, (p<0.01). Senior athletes often had an anticipatory reaction in RMO, (Q=7, p<0.05). Significant correlations (p<0.05) were determined in group 1 between age and frequencies of anticipatory (r=-0.57) and lagging reactions (r=0.57), RMO and RC (r=0.63), RC and frequencies of anticipatory reactions (r=0.57) and lagging reactions (r=-0.57). In group 3, significant correlations were determined between age and RC (r=-0.59), RMO and RC (r=0.76), age and ST (r=-0.53), RMO and ST (r=0.65), RC and ST (r =0.79). Conclusions. A change in the speed of reaction to various stimuli of taekwondo athletes of different ages has been confirmed. An increase in age and training experience improves the reaction rate. This dependence is most pronounced when comparing junior and senior athletes. The determined correlations between all tests used also reflect the improvement in the psychophysiological state of the athletes with increasing age. The tests used are characterized by accessibility, specificity, informativeness and financial feasibility. The results obtained allow for recommending their use in monitoring the state of martial arts athletes.
{"title":"Comparative analysis of psychophysiological features of taekwondo athletes of different age groups","authors":"L. Podrigalo, V. Romanenko, Olha O. Podrihalo, S. Iermakov, Anatolyi Huba, Volodymyr Perevoznyk, O. Podavalenko","doi":"10.15561/26649837.2023.0105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15561/26649837.2023.0105","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Study Aim. The importance of psychophysiological features in optimizing the functional state of athletes is beyond doubt. The aim of this study was a comparative analysis of the psychophysiological features of taekwondo athletes of different age groups. \u0000Material and Methods. The study involved 42 taekwondo athletes, skill level 2 Gup – 1 Dan. The participants were divided into groups of 14 people. Group 1 – (7.50±0.14) years, Group 2 – (10.07±0.22) years, Group 3 – (13.36±0.27) years. A special computer program for devices with the iOS operating system was used. The Apple iPad, 4th generation with a screen diagonal of 9.7 inches was used. The following tests were used: reaction choice (RC), reaction to a moving object (RMO) and size test (ST). The results of the groups were compared using the nonparametric Rosenbaum test (Q), and the Pearson correlation coefficient (r) was determined. \u0000Results. RMO test results in group 2 were significantly better than those in group 1 (Q=12, p<0.01). A similar correlation was determined for RC (Q=14, p<0.01) and ST (Q=15, p<0.01). When analyzing the frequency of incorrect reactions in RMO, it was found that athletes in the 1st group lagged behind more often (Q=6, p<0.05). A comparison of groups 2 and 3 confirmed that senior athletes had better results in RC (Q=11, p<0.01). For all tests used, the best results of group 3 compared with group 1 was determined: for RMO Q=16, (p<0.01), for RC Q=22, (p<0.01), for ST Q=20, (p<0.01). Senior athletes often had an anticipatory reaction in RMO, (Q=7, p<0.05). Significant correlations (p<0.05) were determined in group 1 between age and frequencies of anticipatory (r=-0.57) and lagging reactions (r=0.57), RMO and RC (r=0.63), RC and frequencies of anticipatory reactions (r=0.57) and lagging reactions (r=-0.57). In group 3, significant correlations were determined between age and RC (r=-0.59), RMO and RC (r=0.76), age and ST (r=-0.53), RMO and ST (r=0.65), RC and ST (r =0.79). \u0000Conclusions. A change in the speed of reaction to various stimuli of taekwondo athletes of different ages has been confirmed. An increase in age and training experience improves the reaction rate. This dependence is most pronounced when comparing junior and senior athletes. The determined correlations between all tests used also reflect the improvement in the psychophysiological state of the athletes with increasing age. The tests used are characterized by accessibility, specificity, informativeness and financial feasibility. The results obtained allow for recommending their use in monitoring the state of martial arts athletes.","PeriodicalId":52407,"journal":{"name":"Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44893178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-26DOI: 10.15561/26649837.2022.0609
Volodymyr Rukavytsia, O. Ivashchenko, O. Khudolii, T. Yermakova, S. Iermakov
Background and Study Aim. The study purpose was to determine the effect of exercise performance modes on the effectiveness of teaching the vault to 8-year-old boys. Materials and methods. The study participants were 32 boys aged 8 who were divided into 4 groups of 8 pesons. The children and their parents were informed about all the features of the study and gave their consent to participate in the experiment. The pedagogical experiment investigated the effect of the number of sets (х1), the number of repetitions in a set (х2), and a 60-second rest time on the change in the gain in the level of proficiency of 8-year-old boys in straddle vault over the buck. A method of algorithmic instructions was used in the training. The participants proceeded to the next exercise after three successful attempts. Results. Statistical analysis of the significance of the discriminant functions showed that the first function explains 81.2% of the data variation and has a high canonical correlation value (r = 0.751). The first function has a high discriminative ability (λ = 0.332, p < 0.021) and can be used to classify the modes of physical exercise performance in the process of formation of motor skills. Conclusions. The use of multivariate statistics makes it possible to determine the structure of the training program, confirm the effectiveness of the selection of motor tasks, and classify the modes of physical exercise performance during the training process. The best mode of physical exercise performance in teaching the vault to 8-year-old boys is 12 sets of 3 repetitions with a rest time of 60 seconds.
背景与研究目的。本研究的目的是确定运动表现模式对8岁男孩跳马教学效果的影响。材料和方法。研究参与者是32名8岁的男孩，他们被分成4组，每组8人。孩子们和他们的父母被告知研究的所有特征，并同意参加实验。教学实验考察了组数(х1)、组内重复次数(х2)和60秒休息时间对8岁男孩跨马跳马熟练程度变化的影响。在训练中采用了算法指令的方法。参与者在三次成功尝试后进行下一个练习。结果。对判别函数显著性的统计分析表明，第一个函数解释了81.2%的数据变异，具有较高的典型相关值(r = 0.751)。第一个函数具有较高的判别能力(λ = 0.332, p < 0.021)，可用于对运动技能形成过程中的体育锻炼表现模式进行分类。结论。运用多元统计方法，可以确定训练方案的结构，确认运动任务选择的有效性，并对训练过程中体育运动表现的模式进行分类。对8岁男孩进行跳马教学的最佳体育锻炼方式是每组3次重复12组，休息时间为60秒。
{"title":"Pattern recognition: the effect of exercise performance modes on the effectiveness of teaching the vault to 8-year-old boys","authors":"Volodymyr Rukavytsia, O. Ivashchenko, O. Khudolii, T. Yermakova, S. Iermakov","doi":"10.15561/26649837.2022.0609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15561/26649837.2022.0609","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Study Aim. The study purpose was to determine the effect of exercise performance modes on the effectiveness of teaching the vault to 8-year-old boys. \u0000Materials and methods. The study participants were 32 boys aged 8 who were divided into 4 groups of 8 pesons. The children and their parents were informed about all the features of the study and gave their consent to participate in the experiment. The pedagogical experiment investigated the effect of the number of sets (х1), the number of repetitions in a set (х2), and a 60-second rest time on the change in the gain in the level of proficiency of 8-year-old boys in straddle vault over the buck. A method of algorithmic instructions was used in the training. The participants proceeded to the next exercise after three successful attempts. \u0000Results. Statistical analysis of the significance of the discriminant functions showed that the first function explains 81.2% of the data variation and has a high canonical correlation value (r = 0.751). The first function has a high discriminative ability (λ = 0.332, p < 0.021) and can be used to classify the modes of physical exercise performance in the process of formation of motor skills. \u0000Conclusions. The use of multivariate statistics makes it possible to determine the structure of the training program, confirm the effectiveness of the selection of motor tasks, and classify the modes of physical exercise performance during the training process. The best mode of physical exercise performance in teaching the vault to 8-year-old boys is 12 sets of 3 repetitions with a rest time of 60 seconds.","PeriodicalId":52407,"journal":{"name":"Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43368149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-19DOI: 10.15561/26649837.2022.0608
I. Vypasniak, I. Ivanyshyn, Vasyl Lutskii, O. Huzak, V. Yukhymuk, I. Salatenko, A. Svatiev
Background and Study Aim. The development of motor skills depends on the process of physical development, as well as the ethno-territorial and cultural context. The study of inter-ethnic differences can provide information about how different lifestyles and contexts of physical activity can influence the process of motor competence development. This can be a real strategy for developing students’ lagging basic motor skills. The purpose of the work is to investigate the ethno-territorial variability of the level of development of physical abilities of students studying at Ukrainian universities. Material and Methods. Data were obtained from cross-sectional surveys from 2014 to 2019. Students of Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University (Ukraine) (young men, n = 488, age 18–25) from different countries were recruited. Pedagogical testing was carried out using a battery of tests that were recommended by the State Tests of Physical Fitness of the Population of Ukraine and the European Sports Council (Evrofit Test Battery). Assessment of physical fitness of students was carried out on the basis of a combined percentage scale of multi-level gradation with a step of 1%. Experimental data were processed using the SPSS Statistics 17.0 program. Results. In almost all countries (with the exception of India and Tunisia), from 41.2% to 70.0% of students are characterized by a low level of development of cardiorespiratory endurance and speed-power fitness (from 54.4% to 58.3%). More than 50.0% of students from Jordan and Egypt have a low level of speed and strength abilities and flexibility. It was found that students from India and Tunisia have the highest rates (endurance - 75.5–80.8%); from China and Tunisia (speed-power abilities - from 69.1% to 78.8%); from Tunisia (speed –79.8%); from China and Tunisia (flexibility -70%); test participants completed the test; from China (power capacity – 76.7%). Students from European countries showed mostly average and above average level of development of physical abilities. Conclusions. The results of the study indicate the specificity of the development of motor skills of students from different countries, which is manifested in statistically significant differences in the results of test tasks. Students from different countries perform better on those tests that are closer to their known motor experience. This is due to the cultural environment, geographical factor, socio-economic status, as well as the content and goals of the physical education program.
{"title":"The influence of the ethno-territorial factor on the state of physical abilities development of students of Ukrainian educational institutions","authors":"I. Vypasniak, I. Ivanyshyn, Vasyl Lutskii, O. Huzak, V. Yukhymuk, I. Salatenko, A. Svatiev","doi":"10.15561/26649837.2022.0608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15561/26649837.2022.0608","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Study Aim. The development of motor skills depends on the process of physical development, as well as the ethno-territorial and cultural context. The study of inter-ethnic differences can provide information about how different lifestyles and contexts of physical activity can influence the process of motor competence development. This can be a real strategy for developing students’ lagging basic motor skills. The purpose of the work is to investigate the ethno-territorial variability of the level of development of physical abilities of students studying at Ukrainian universities. \u0000Material and Methods. Data were obtained from cross-sectional surveys from 2014 to 2019. Students of Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University (Ukraine) (young men, n = 488, age 18–25) from different countries were recruited. Pedagogical testing was carried out using a battery of tests that were recommended by the State Tests of Physical Fitness of the Population of Ukraine and the European Sports Council (Evrofit Test Battery). Assessment of physical fitness of students was carried out on the basis of a combined percentage scale of multi-level gradation with a step of 1%. Experimental data were processed using the SPSS Statistics 17.0 program. \u0000Results. In almost all countries (with the exception of India and Tunisia), from 41.2% to 70.0% of students are characterized by a low level of development of cardiorespiratory endurance and speed-power fitness (from 54.4% to 58.3%). More than 50.0% of students from Jordan and Egypt have a low level of speed and strength abilities and flexibility. It was found that students from India and Tunisia have the highest rates (endurance - 75.5–80.8%); from China and Tunisia (speed-power abilities - from 69.1% to 78.8%); from Tunisia (speed –79.8%); from China and Tunisia (flexibility -70%); test participants completed the test; from China (power capacity – 76.7%). Students from European countries showed mostly average and above average level of development of physical abilities. \u0000Conclusions. The results of the study indicate the specificity of the development of motor skills of students from different countries, which is manifested in statistically significant differences in the results of test tasks. Students from different countries perform better on those tests that are closer to their known motor experience. This is due to the cultural environment, geographical factor, socio-economic status, as well as the content and goals of the physical education program.","PeriodicalId":52407,"journal":{"name":"Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45172528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-10DOI: 10.15561/26649837.2022.0606
Veaceslav Manolachi, A. Chernozub, V. Potop, Y. Zoriy, A. Kulbayev, G. Braniste, A. Savenko
Background and Study Aim. To study the influence of power load regimes different in energy supply and intensity on functional capabilities of Mixed Martial Arts (MMA) athletes. Material and Methods. We examined 75 men aged 19±0.7 who had been practicing MMA for 4±0.8 years. The athletes were divided into 3 groups, 25 participants in each group. The study participants used power load regimes of different intensity in conditions of anaerobic-glycolytic and anaerobic-alactate energy supply of muscle activity. The study lasted 12 weeks. To assess the functional capabilities of athletes in these conditions we used the method of maximum strength development (1 RM). Control of biochemical blood parameters (creatinine, lactate dehydrogenase, testosterone) allowed determining features of adaptive and compensatory body reactions in response to loads. Results. During the study the 3rd group athletes showed the most pronounced increase (by 40.1%; р<0.05) in strength capabilities development. These changes were observed in conditions of anaerobic-alactate mechanism of energy supply. The smallest dynamics in the studied indicators was fixed in group 1 athletes. They used low-intensity training loads in conditions of anaerobic-glycolytic mechanism of energy supply. The results of laboratory studies showed different changes in the studied biochemical parameters of blood. The basal creatinine level in group 3 athletes was 12 times higher than in group 1 athletes. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in group 1 athletes increased by 10 times in response to physical load compared to group 3 results. The basal level of LDH activity increased in group 1 (by 14.6%) and 2 (by 6.7%) athletes. The basal testosterone level increased in athletes of group 3 (by 14.4%) and 2 (by 5.6%). The basal level of the studied hormone had no changes in group 1 representatives. Conclusions. Accelerated increase in functional capabilities of MMA athletes was observed during high-intensity power loads in conditions of anaerobic-alactate energy supply mechanism. Using this power load regime will strengthen the adaptive body reserves of athletes at the stage of specialized basic training. Determining characteristics in the studied biochemical indicators in response to stress stimuli will allow to optimize training load regimes. The changes in these indicators will also allow to improve strength training in MMA in the shortest possible time.
{"title":"Increasing the functional capabilities of Mixed Martial Arts athletes in the process of optimizing different regimes of power load","authors":"Veaceslav Manolachi, A. Chernozub, V. Potop, Y. Zoriy, A. Kulbayev, G. Braniste, A. Savenko","doi":"10.15561/26649837.2022.0606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15561/26649837.2022.0606","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Study Aim. To study the influence of power load regimes different in energy supply and intensity on functional capabilities of Mixed Martial Arts (MMA) athletes. \u0000Material and Methods. We examined 75 men aged 19±0.7 who had been practicing MMA for 4±0.8 years. The athletes were divided into 3 groups, 25 participants in each group. The study participants used power load regimes of different intensity in conditions of anaerobic-glycolytic and anaerobic-alactate energy supply of muscle activity. The study lasted 12 weeks. To assess the functional capabilities of athletes in these conditions we used the method of maximum strength development (1 RM). Control of biochemical blood parameters (creatinine, lactate dehydrogenase, testosterone) allowed determining features of adaptive and compensatory body reactions in response to loads. \u0000Results. During the study the 3rd group athletes showed the most pronounced increase (by 40.1%; р<0.05) in strength capabilities development. These changes were observed in conditions of anaerobic-alactate mechanism of energy supply. The smallest dynamics in the studied indicators was fixed in group 1 athletes. They used low-intensity training loads in conditions of anaerobic-glycolytic mechanism of energy supply. The results of laboratory studies showed different changes in the studied biochemical parameters of blood. The basal creatinine level in group 3 athletes was 12 times higher than in group 1 athletes. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in group 1 athletes increased by 10 times in response to physical load compared to group 3 results. The basal level of LDH activity increased in group 1 (by 14.6%) and 2 (by 6.7%) athletes. The basal testosterone level increased in athletes of group 3 (by 14.4%) and 2 (by 5.6%). The basal level of the studied hormone had no changes in group 1 representatives. \u0000Conclusions. Accelerated increase in functional capabilities of MMA athletes was observed during high-intensity power loads in conditions of anaerobic-alactate energy supply mechanism. Using this power load regime will strengthen the adaptive body reserves of athletes at the stage of specialized basic training. Determining characteristics in the studied biochemical indicators in response to stress stimuli will allow to optimize training load regimes. The changes in these indicators will also allow to improve strength training in MMA in the shortest possible time.","PeriodicalId":52407,"journal":{"name":"Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47037302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-06DOI: 10.15561/26649837.2023.0104
Denis Čaušević, Erol Kovačević, Semir Mašić, S. Kovač, S. Spicer
Background and Study Aim. Musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) are incredibly common and are often related to work load. For any occupational or public health intervention, injury prevention is preferred to injury treatment. Occupational health and injury prevention research has the potential to help mitigate MSD in the workplace. The aim of this study was to determine how the work demands of ski instructors may affect the health of their musculoskeletal system. Material and Methods. A cross-sectional study involved the participation of 87 ski instructors (age = 34.61 ±10.67) in Bosnia and Herzegovina (ATUS in Bosnia and Herzegovina). Observed variables were the prevalence of MSD measured using a modified Nordic questionnaire about injuries during the previous ski season (neck, shoulders, elbows, wrist, upper back, lower back, one or both hips, one or both knees, and ankle). Means and standard deviations for each of the variables were calculated, and differences between genders were examined using an independent sample t-test. Results. Prevalence of MSDs in ski instructors was most common in neck (13.8%), shoulders (12.6%), elbows (4.6%), wrist (9.2%), upper back (10.3%), lower back (46.0%), one or both hips (9.2%), one or both knees (29.9%), and ankle (9.2%). The results showed statistically significant differences in MSD between genders in the neck (p=.034); shoulders (p=.017); upper back (p=.027); one or both knees (p=.003) and in the ankle joint (p=.011). Conclusions. MSD’s are common in ski instructors, especially in the low back and knees of female employees. Future research or injury prevention programs would benefit these populations.
{"title":"Occurrence and trends of musculoskeletal pain among ski instructors","authors":"Denis Čaušević, Erol Kovačević, Semir Mašić, S. Kovač, S. Spicer","doi":"10.15561/26649837.2023.0104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15561/26649837.2023.0104","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Study Aim. Musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) are incredibly common and are often related to work load. For any occupational or public health intervention, injury prevention is preferred to injury treatment. Occupational health and injury prevention research has the potential to help mitigate MSD in the workplace. The aim of this study was to determine how the work demands of ski instructors may affect the health of their musculoskeletal system.\u0000Material and Methods. A cross-sectional study involved the participation of 87 ski instructors (age = 34.61 ±10.67) in Bosnia and Herzegovina (ATUS in Bosnia and Herzegovina). Observed variables were the prevalence of MSD measured using a modified Nordic questionnaire about injuries during the previous ski season (neck, shoulders, elbows, wrist, upper back, lower back, one or both hips, one or both knees, and ankle). Means and standard deviations for each of the variables were calculated, and differences between genders were examined using an independent sample t-test.\u0000Results. Prevalence of MSDs in ski instructors was most common in neck (13.8%), shoulders (12.6%), elbows (4.6%), wrist (9.2%), upper back (10.3%), lower back (46.0%), one or both hips (9.2%), one or both knees (29.9%), and ankle (9.2%). The results showed statistically significant differences in MSD between genders in the neck (p=.034); shoulders (p=.017); upper back (p=.027); one or both knees (p=.003) and in the ankle joint (p=.011).\u0000Conclusions. MSD’s are common in ski instructors, especially in the low back and knees of female employees. Future research or injury prevention programs would benefit these populations.","PeriodicalId":52407,"journal":{"name":"Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47542416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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