Pub Date : 2018-07-27DOI: 10.18061/OJS.V118I2.6189
J. Thomka, Donald B. Eddy
The cladid crinoid Diphuicrinus ohioensis Burke, 1976, was originally described from shallow marine facies of the Middle Pennsylvanian Putnam Hill Limestone of southeastern Ohio. One of the type localities for this taxon is an abandoned quarry in Vinton County, where a small number of articulated cups used in erection of this species was collected. Prior to formal description of this species, multiple isolated calyx ossicles were collected from this locality, but were not analyzed in detail or included in the description of D. ohioensis. The previously unidentified material, described herein, contributes to a more complete record of this taxon. Further, heavily sculptured (nodose) basal and radial plates are nearly ubiquitously encrusted by calcareous tubes, a paleoecological detail not otherwise noted in the description of D. ohioensis or the lithofacies from which material was collected. Encrusters, which consist of at least 2 varieties, are present primarily in depressed areas in between raised nodes. This may reflect post-mortem removal via abrading currents but may alternatively represent preferential encrustation of portions of hard bioclasts characterized by larger, smoother, protected surfaces. This study reinforces the value of isolated crinoid ossicles in paleoecology, paleobiology, and paleoenvironmental analysis.
{"title":"Notes on Additional Material Associated with the Type Specimens of Diphuicrinus ohioensis (Echinodermata: Crinoidea) from the Middle Pennsylvanian of Southeastern Ohio","authors":"J. Thomka, Donald B. Eddy","doi":"10.18061/OJS.V118I2.6189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/OJS.V118I2.6189","url":null,"abstract":"The cladid crinoid Diphuicrinus ohioensis Burke, 1976, was originally described from shallow marine facies of the Middle Pennsylvanian Putnam Hill Limestone of southeastern Ohio. One of the type localities for this taxon is an abandoned quarry in Vinton County, where a small number of articulated cups used in erection of this species was collected. Prior to formal description of this species, multiple isolated calyx ossicles were collected from this locality, but were not analyzed in detail or included in the description of D. ohioensis. The previously unidentified material, described herein, contributes to a more complete record of this taxon. Further, heavily sculptured (nodose) basal and radial plates are nearly ubiquitously encrusted by calcareous tubes, a paleoecological detail not otherwise noted in the description of D. ohioensis or the lithofacies from which material was collected. Encrusters, which consist of at least 2 varieties, are present primarily in depressed areas in between raised nodes. This may reflect post-mortem removal via abrading currents but may alternatively represent preferential encrustation of portions of hard bioclasts characterized by larger, smoother, protected surfaces. This study reinforces the value of isolated crinoid ossicles in paleoecology, paleobiology, and paleoenvironmental analysis.","PeriodicalId":52416,"journal":{"name":"Ohio Journal of Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43508161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-25DOI: 10.18061/OJS.V118I2.6117
C. Nichols, A. Smith, Stephen C. Huelsman, Cara Schemmel, J. Doll, S. Jacquemin
Understanding swimming performance of native freshwater fishes has implications for ecology, conservation, and management. In particular, this type of information has practical importance for improving the understanding of fish dispersal, occurrence, migration, and invasive potential. The objective of this study was to characterize swimming performance of 2 taxa from the comparatively understudied minnow family (Cyprinidae) and test for potential drivers as a function of total length, sex, habitat, morphology, or some combination. The study assessed Spotfin Shiner (Cyprinella spiloptera; n = 66) and Bluntnose Minnow (Pimephales notatus; n = 24) populations from an ontogenic range of male and female individuals from lentic and lotic habitats in Indiana and Ohio. Akaike information criterion (AIC) model selection identified the most parsimonious linear regression model to predict swimming performance of Spotfin Shiner and Bluntnose Minnow independently. Overall, larger Spotfin Shiners were superior swimmers compared with smaller individuals. In both species, individuals having more streamlined heads and elongated caudal regions were better swimmers. Additionally, Spotfin Shiners that were collected from lotic environments were generally better swimmers than individuals from lentic environments. Models did not recover sex-specific effects in either species—or meaningful total length, or habitat effects, in Bluntnose Minnows. Overall, this study provides evidence of a complex series of swimming performance covariates when assessing or understanding performance. This has implications for aquatic population, assemblage, and community ecology as well as management and conservation efforts.
{"title":"Preliminary Understanding of Complexities in Swimming Performance of Common Minnow (Cyprinidae) Taxa","authors":"C. Nichols, A. Smith, Stephen C. Huelsman, Cara Schemmel, J. Doll, S. Jacquemin","doi":"10.18061/OJS.V118I2.6117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/OJS.V118I2.6117","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding swimming performance of native freshwater fishes has implications for ecology, conservation, and management. In particular, this type of information has practical importance for improving the understanding of fish dispersal, occurrence, migration, and invasive potential. The objective of this study was to characterize swimming performance of 2 taxa from the comparatively understudied minnow family (Cyprinidae) and test for potential drivers as a function of total length, sex, habitat, morphology, or some combination. The study assessed Spotfin Shiner (Cyprinella spiloptera; n = 66) and Bluntnose Minnow (Pimephales notatus; n = 24) populations from an ontogenic range of male and female individuals from lentic and lotic habitats in Indiana and Ohio. Akaike information criterion (AIC) model selection identified the most parsimonious linear regression model to predict swimming performance of Spotfin Shiner and Bluntnose Minnow independently. Overall, larger Spotfin Shiners were superior swimmers compared with smaller individuals. In both species, individuals having more streamlined heads and elongated caudal regions were better swimmers. Additionally, Spotfin Shiners that were collected from lotic environments were generally better swimmers than individuals from lentic environments. Models did not recover sex-specific effects in either species—or meaningful total length, or habitat effects, in Bluntnose Minnows. Overall, this study provides evidence of a complex series of swimming performance covariates when assessing or understanding performance. This has implications for aquatic population, assemblage, and community ecology as well as management and conservation efforts.","PeriodicalId":52416,"journal":{"name":"Ohio Journal of Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44987914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emotion is one of those terms we use so familiarly that we seldom ask what they really mean. Let the reader try to compose a definition which would help anyone to identify the phenomena referred to. Let him see how little help is to be found in a dictionary. The difficulty is not entirely due to ignorance. We now have an astonishing welter of detailed fact about emotional behavior, particularly in childhood and in many abnormal conditions. When, however, we try to organize these facts in a coherent pattern, we run into many perplexities. Indeed some psychologists believe that the kinds of behavior traditionally called emotional are so diverse that they cannot be usefully treated together. This article is an attempt, however, to classify these behaviors in a meaningful way and for the intelligent layman. A useful treatment of the subject must begin, however, by changing the form of question usually asked. The older psychology began by asking "what is in our consciousness or mind during emotion?" This approach has on the whole proved rather sterile, particularly in child psychology. Contemporary scientific psychology no longer asks about the "contents of consciousness" nor even about "what's in your mind" (though the Freudian movement unfortunately often uses such a phraseology). Instead, it asks what people do and why and how. We must ask, then, what it is that we do when we emote.
{"title":"What is emotion?","authors":"H. B. English","doi":"10.12987/9780300177879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12987/9780300177879","url":null,"abstract":"Emotion is one of those terms we use so familiarly that we seldom ask what they really mean. Let the reader try to compose a definition which would help anyone to identify the phenomena referred to. Let him see how little help is to be found in a dictionary. The difficulty is not entirely due to ignorance. We now have an astonishing welter of detailed fact about emotional behavior, particularly in childhood and in many abnormal conditions. When, however, we try to organize these facts in a coherent pattern, we run into many perplexities. Indeed some psychologists believe that the kinds of behavior traditionally called emotional are so diverse that they cannot be usefully treated together. This article is an attempt, however, to classify these behaviors in a meaningful way and for the intelligent layman. A useful treatment of the subject must begin, however, by changing the form of question usually asked. The older psychology began by asking \"what is in our consciousness or mind during emotion?\" This approach has on the whole proved rather sterile, particularly in child psychology. Contemporary scientific psychology no longer asks about the \"contents of consciousness\" nor even about \"what's in your mind\" (though the Freudian movement unfortunately often uses such a phraseology). Instead, it asks what people do and why and how. We must ask, then, what it is that we do when we emote.","PeriodicalId":52416,"journal":{"name":"Ohio Journal of Sciences","volume":"47 2 1","pages":"62-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1947-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66377212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Advances in public health.","authors":"R. E. Heering","doi":"10.1155/2714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2714","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52416,"journal":{"name":"Ohio Journal of Sciences","volume":"49 1","pages":"165-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1946-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64806902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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