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Testing the ‘Vineyard Geologic Identity’ concept in Marquette-producing vineyards in the Champlain Valley, Vermont, USA 在美国佛蒙特州尚普兰谷马奎特葡萄园测试“葡萄园地质特征”概念
Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-11-30 DOI: 10.1080/09571264.2022.2151993
J. Munroe
ABSTRACT The recently formalized concept of ‘Vineyard Geological Identity’ (VGI) was applied to two vineyards in the Champlain Valley of Vermont, USA. The vineyards studied, LP and SV, both produce the hybrid grape known as ‘Marquette’, are at equivalent elevations, have a similar macroclimate, and were inundated by proglacial Lake Vermont during the last deglaciation. In contrast, the bedrock differs beneath the two sites, and SV was under shallow marine water immediately after Lake Vermont drained. The hypothesis tested was that despite their similar physical settings, the VGI of the two vineyards would vary as a result of differences in their late-Quaternary histories. Samples of soil and sediment were evaluated for grain size distribution, thermogravimetric analysis, mineralogy, major element chemistry, and standard soil fertility assessments, and a map of soil conductivity was made for each site. Results reveal that base cations and silt are significantly more abundant at LP. Conversely, at SV, Na is significantly more abundant, samples are coarser and soil conductivity is higher. These results illuminate the utility of VGI for defining the fingerprint of individual vineyards, and establish a physical foundation for future work evaluating the role of physical setting in controlling aspects of Marquette wines.
摘要最近正式化的“葡萄园地质特征”(VGI)概念被应用于美国佛蒙特州尚普兰山谷的两个葡萄园。研究的LP和SV葡萄园都生产被称为“马奎特”的杂交葡萄,海拔相等,大气候相似,在上一次冰川消融期间被前冰川的佛蒙特湖淹没。相比之下,两个地点下方的基岩不同,佛蒙特湖排水后,SV立即位于浅水下。经过检验的假设是,尽管这两个葡萄园的物理环境相似,但由于第四纪晚期历史的差异,它们的VGI会有所不同。对土壤和沉积物样品的粒度分布、热重分析、矿物学、主要元素化学和标准土壤肥力评估进行了评估,并为每个地点绘制了土壤电导率图。结果表明,碱阳离子和淤泥在LP处明显更丰富。相反,在SV下,Na明显更丰富,样品更粗糙,土壤电导率更高。这些结果阐明了VGI在定义单个葡萄园指纹方面的实用性,并为未来评估物理环境在控制马奎特葡萄酒方面的作用奠定了物理基础。
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引用次数: 1
French wine buyers’ expectations of an environmentally friendly wine 法国葡萄酒买家对环保葡萄酒的期望
Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/09571264.2022.2143335
Diana Ugalde, R. Symoneaux, Nashidil Rouiaï
ABSTRACT Previous research on wine consumers’ attitudes, perceptions, and purchasing behavior regarding environmentally friendly wines has confirmed that consumers are interested in this type of wine but, have little awareness of environmental wine practices and certifications. To address this, the most common solution proposed has been to improve communication with consumers on this topic. However, few studies have questioned consumers about their expectations of environmentally friendly wines. Therefore, the objective of this study was to explore wine buyers’ expectations of a wine that would be respectful of the environment. A second objective was to identify the respondent’s characteristics influencing their expectations. A textual analysis was conducted with respondents’ answers. A Reinert descendent classification, using Iramuteq software, distributed these responses into ten clusters. The term ‘respectful of the environment proved to be polysemic. Wine buyers imagined that an environmentally friendly wine would respect the health of both people and the environment, be ethically produced, and be accessible from a price point of view. Some respondents also mentioned hedonic characteristics. Highlights A lexical analysis identified ten clusters of topics mentioned by wine buyers. The term environment proved to be polysemic. Respondents expected a wine that would be ecofriendly, ethic, healthy, local and made with a limited use of inputs and additives. The age, the degree of involvement in wine and environmental issues and the use of an environmental label as a buying criterion, influenced wine buyers’ expectations. Non-wine consumers or respondents less involved in wine and in the environment, were more associated with a cluster regarding wine hedonic characteristics and price.
摘要先前对葡萄酒消费者对环保葡萄酒的态度、认知和购买行为的研究证实,消费者对这类葡萄酒感兴趣,但对环保葡萄酒实践和认证知之甚少。为了解决这个问题,提出的最常见的解决方案是改善与消费者在这个主题上的沟通。然而,很少有研究质疑消费者对环保葡萄酒的期望。因此,本研究的目的是探讨葡萄酒买家对尊重环境的葡萄酒的期望。第二个目标是确定受访者影响其预期的特征。对受访者的回答进行了文本分析。使用Iramuteq软件对Reinert后代进行分类,将这些反应分为十个集群。事实证明,“尊重环境”一词是多义性的。葡萄酒买家认为,环保葡萄酒既尊重人的健康,也尊重环境,生产合乎道德,并且从价格角度来看是可以获得的。一些受访者还提到了享乐特征。亮点一项词汇分析确定了葡萄酒买家提到的十组主题。“环境”一词被证明是多义性的。受访者希望这款葡萄酒是环保、合乎道德、健康、本地的,并且只使用有限的原料和添加剂。年龄、对葡萄酒和环境问题的参与程度以及使用环境标签作为购买标准,都会影响葡萄酒买家的期望。非葡萄酒消费者或较少参与葡萄酒和环境的受访者,更多地与葡萄酒享乐特征和价格相关。
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引用次数: 0
Wine farmworkers, provenance stories and ethical value claims 葡萄酒农场工人,产地故事和道德价值主张
Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/09571264.2022.2143337
Jennifer Smith Maguire, Nikita-Marie Bridgeman, Sharron Marco-Thyse, Charles Erasmus
ABSTRACT The article extends past research on ethical value claims in two ways. First, research often centres on certifications as mechanisms of ethical claims-making; in contrast, we focus on provenance stories as devices of wine brand differentiation and ethical value creation. Second, while value claims are broadly understood as co-creative outcomes involving producers, intermediaries, and consumers, we focus on manual farmworkers, who are largely absent, as story subjects and storytellers, in agri-food provenance stories and value claims. Focusing on the South African wine industry, we sought to identify alignments between winery brand stories and farmworker heritage stories as a potential route for farmworkers to contribute to and be more securely included and recognized within premium wine value chains. Analysis of a comparative sample of South African, French, Italian and Australian winery websites identified provenance as the dominant frame for ethical value claims, family as a primary anchor for provenance, and South Africa’s distinctive prevalence of representations of farmworkers in winery communications. Two ‘storytelling workshops’ with Cape Wineland farmworkers generated resonant themes – community and familiness; expertise and pride – that aligned with dominant market expectations and credence cues, and could potentially serve as credible, authentic anchors for South African wine value claims.
本文从两个方面扩展了以往关于伦理价值主张的研究。首先,研究往往把认证作为伦理声明的机制;相反,我们关注的是产地故事作为葡萄酒品牌差异化和伦理价值创造的手段。其次,虽然价值主张被广泛理解为涉及生产者、中间商和消费者的共同创造成果,但我们关注的是手工农场工人,他们在农业食品来源故事和价值主张中基本上没有作为故事主体和故事讲述者。专注于南非葡萄酒行业,我们试图确定酒庄品牌故事和农场工人遗产故事之间的一致性,作为农场工人为优质葡萄酒价值链做出贡献并更安全地纳入和认可的潜在途径。对南非、法国、意大利和澳大利亚酒庄网站的比较样本进行分析,发现出处是伦理价值主张的主要框架,家庭是出处的主要支柱,南非在酒庄沟通中普遍存在农场工人的代表。与开普瓦恩兰农场工人一起举办的两次“讲故事研讨会”产生了共鸣的主题——社区和家庭;专业知识和自豪感——与主流市场预期和可信度线索一致,并可能成为南非葡萄酒价值主张的可信、真实的锚。
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引用次数: 0
Identification of histidine and tyrosine decarboxylating bacteria from Tucumán red wine Tucumán红酒中组氨酸和酪氨酸脱羧菌的鉴定
Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/09571264.2022.2143338
Silvana Cecilia Ledesma, M. C. Rubio, Pedro Aredes-Fernández
ABSTRACT Different species of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) produce biogenic amines (BA) in wine, including histamine and tyramine. Thereby, it was determined through sequencing of the 16S rDNA gene that 11 LAB isolates from Tucumán red wine correspond to Lacticaseibacillus paracasei species, and through RAPD-PCR were grouped into 4 clusters. The presence of hdc and tdc genes was also demonstrated. L. paracasei AT45 was the main producer strain of BA in a culture medium, at a concentration of 103 cfu mL−1 producing 6.52 mg L−1 of histamine and 3.57 mg L−1 of tyramine. The production of histamine and tyramine in wine was evidenced. The inoculation of the Oenococcus oeni strain, as a strategy to reduce the formation of BA in wine, was evaluated. In the wine inoculated with both microorganisms at a concentration of 107 cfu mL−1, a decrease of BA production for the pure culture of L. paracasei AT45 was demonstrated. In wine inoculated with O. oeni in the presence of L. paracasei AT45 at 103 cfu mL−1, BA was not detected. This study evidenced the first histamine and tyramine-producing L. paracasei strain identified from Argentinian wine. Furthermore, the results represent an advance in the pursuit of the reduction of biogenic amine formation.
摘要不同种类的乳酸菌(LAB)在葡萄酒中产生生物胺(BA),包括组胺和酪胺。由此,通过16S rDNA基因测序,确定Tucumán红酒中11株LAB菌株属于副干酪乳杆菌属,并通过RAPD-PCR将其分为4个聚类。同时也证实了hdc和tdc基因的存在。在103 cfu mL−1的培养基中,副干酪乳杆菌AT45是BA的主要产生菌株,产生6.52 mg L−1的组胺和3.57 mg L−1的酪胺。证明了葡萄酒中组胺和酪胺的产生。对接种酒酒球菌作为减少酒中BA形成的一种策略进行了评价。在这两种微生物接种浓度为107 cfu mL−1的酒中,证实了副干酪乳杆菌AT45纯培养的BA产量下降。在副干酪乳杆菌AT45存在的103 cfu mL−1条件下,用O. oeni接种的葡萄酒中未检测到BA。本研究证实了从阿根廷葡萄酒中鉴定出的第一个产组胺和酪胺的副干酪乳杆菌菌株。此外,该结果代表了在追求减少生物胺形成方面的进步。
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引用次数: 0
Modelling TripAdvisor satisfaction metrics to optimise wine venue experiences: the case of the Western Cape 模拟TripAdvisor满意度指标以优化葡萄酒场地体验:以西开普省为例
Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/09571264.2022.2126446
D. Priilaid, R. Ballantyne, Alessandro Mirotto, Katherine Lovemore
ABSTRACT With social media ratings serving as a filter in the selection of visitor wine tourism options, we employ the 4E experiential model as a theoretical framework to explore destination activities and their link to visitor ratings; here with the aim of establishing whether high satisfaction ratings conform to the so-called 4E ‘sweet spot’. Using regression-based data from 270 wine tourism destinations in the Western Cape, results demonstrate how significant activity-mentions stemming from the immersive quadrants of esthetics and escapism increased visitor ratings, while those from the absorptive quadrants of entertainment and education decreased them. Complemented by further analysis of the upper, middle and lower ratings strata, we show that high satisfaction ratings do not necessarily incorporate experiences from all four quadrants. This refutes the 4E sweet spot idealization. As an alternative we suggest formulating optimal visitor experiences from a methodology that draws inference from highly rated activities submitted directly by the online tourist-customer.
摘要:在选择游客葡萄酒旅游选项时,我们将社交媒体评级作为过滤器,采用4E体验模型作为理论框架来探索目的地活动及其与游客评级的联系;目的是确定高满意度是否符合所谓的4E“最佳点”。使用来自西开普省270个葡萄酒旅游目的地的基于回归的数据,结果表明,美学和逃避现实的沉浸式象限中的显著活动提及如何提高游客评分,而娱乐和教育的吸收象限中的活动提及如何降低游客评分。通过对高、中、低评级阶层的进一步分析,我们发现高满意度评级不一定包含所有四个象限的经验。这驳斥了4E最佳点的理想化。作为一种替代方案,我们建议从在线旅游客户直接提交的高评价活动中推断出最佳游客体验。
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引用次数: 1
Centrality of winemaking in Georgia: from prehistoric age to present-day globalization* 格鲁吉亚葡萄酒酿造的中心地位:从史前时代到当今的全球化*
Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/09571264.2022.2110050
Natalia Dinello
ABSTRACT Spending on feasting and wine is better than hoarding our substance. That which we give makes us richer, that which is hoarded is lost. 1 These verses from the twelth-century Shota Rustaveli's epic, The Knight in the Panther's Skin, represent a quintessentially Georgian culture of hospitality and generosity—praising the custom of giving as honorable and self-rewarding while featuring wine prominently in this custom. In Georgia – a mountainous country between the Black and Caspian Seas, where Europe meets Asia – wine has been made and celebrated continuously for the last 8000 years. 2 Wine is not only a product for Georgia. It is a symbol of deep-seated historical traditions, a unique national culture of cordiality and service, global aspirations, and institutional progress to translate the ambitions into success. The Georgian law defines winemaking as a “priority sector of the country's economy.” 3 Wine is a key driver of branding Georgia as its cradle—promoted by both officials and academics. 4 Despite the constraints and challenges, Georgia's wine industry and wine tourism can persevere and stimulate other sectors of the national economy. Georgia's image as a Wine Country is also vital for the global awareness of the country and its international recognition.
把钱花在酒席上,总比囤积财富好。给予的使我们更富有,囤积的使我们失去。这些诗句来自12世纪的Shota Rustaveli的史诗《黑豹皮骑士》,代表了典型的格鲁吉亚好客和慷慨的文化——赞美给予的习俗是光荣和自我回报的,同时在这种习俗中突出了葡萄酒。格鲁吉亚是一个多山的国家,位于黑海和里海之间,是欧洲和亚洲的交汇处。在过去的8000年里,格鲁吉亚一直在酿造和庆祝葡萄酒。葡萄酒不仅仅是格鲁吉亚的特产。它是根深蒂固的历史传统的象征,是一个独特的民族文化的热情和服务,全球的愿望和制度的进步,把雄心转化为成功。格鲁吉亚法律将葡萄酒酿造定义为“国家经济的优先部门”。葡萄酒是将格鲁吉亚打造成其摇篮的关键推手,这得到了官员和学者的共同推动。尽管面临诸多限制和挑战,格鲁吉亚的葡萄酒产业和葡萄酒旅游业仍能坚持下去,并刺激国民经济的其他部门。格鲁吉亚作为一个葡萄酒之乡的形象对于全球对该国的认识和国际认可也至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
The latent distribution of a rating observed 观察到的等级的潜在分布
Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/09571264.2022.2110049
J. Bodington
ABSTRACT While extensive literature shows that the rating assigned by a critic or judge to a wine is one draw from a latent distribution, little has been published about the shape of that distribution. This article presents a derivation and test of a discrete and bounded probability mass function (PMF) that describes the distribution of the rating that a judge assigns to a wine. That PMF and the ratings that 72 wine judges assigned to blind triplicates in a commercial wine competition show that judges’ ratings are not identically distributed and that variance in ratings is a function of both the wine and the judge. Some wines are more difficult to rate consistently than others. Seventy percentage of judges reduce the variance due the wine alone, the standard deviation of the rating that a judge assigns averages 1.3 out of 10 ratings, and that deviation is significantly less than the standard deviation of random draws. The PMF and those results can be employed to improve wine-related and perhaps other taste-related research by considering the latent distribution that surrounds a rating observed.
虽然大量的文献表明,评论家或评委对葡萄酒的评级是从潜在分布中得出的,但关于这种分布的形状却很少发表。本文提出了一个离散和有界概率质量函数(PMF)的推导和检验,该函数描述了法官分配给葡萄酒的评级分布。在一场商业葡萄酒比赛中,PMF和72位葡萄酒评委分配给盲组的评分表明,评委的评分分布并不相同,评分的差异是葡萄酒和评委的共同作用。有些葡萄酒比其他葡萄酒更难获得一致的评级。70%的评委因为葡萄酒而减少了方差,评委给出的评分的标准偏差平均为1.3分(满分10分),这个偏差明显小于随机抽取的标准偏差。PMF和这些结果可以通过考虑围绕所观察到的评级的潜在分布来改善与葡萄酒相关的研究,也许还有其他与口味相关的研究。
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引用次数: 2
Wine clusters and Protected Designations of Origin (PDOs) in Spain: an exploratory analysis 葡萄酒集群和受保护的原产地名称(PDOs)在西班牙:探索性分析
Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/09571264.2022.2110051
B. Marco‐Lajara, P. Seva-Larrosa, Javier Martínez‐Falcó, F. García-Lillo
ABSTRACT The wine sector occupies a prominent place in the Spanish agrifood industry, for both the quality and the variety of its production. Although the protection of geographical designations is at the heart of Spain and European Union wine quality policy, much empirical investigation is still needed to assess the role played by business agglomerations in creating value for the territory through these quality protection systems. The aim of the paper is to identify Spanish wine clusters and characterize them from geographical, historical and economic perspectives. A deep analysis of the six wine clusters identified is carried out given the importance of these competitive environments in terms of degree of productive specialization, employment and Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) at the national level. The results show that while the area of cultivated vineyards, the number of winegrowers and wineries in the six analysed cases have decreased over the last two decades, production, sales volume and especially their economic value have increased considerably. This could explain the orientation towards a differentiation strategy, in recent years, based on the reputation of the collective brand, which is translated into the marketed product.
葡萄酒行业在西班牙农业食品工业中占有重要地位,无论是质量还是品种。尽管地理名称的保护是西班牙和欧盟葡萄酒质量政策的核心,但仍需要进行大量实证调查,以评估商业集群通过这些质量保护体系为领土创造价值所发挥的作用。本文的目的是确定西班牙葡萄酒集群和特征,从地理,历史和经济的角度来看。鉴于这些竞争环境在生产专业化程度、就业和国家一级的原产地指定保护(PDO)方面的重要性,对确定的六个葡萄酒集群进行了深入分析。结果表明,在过去的二十年中,虽然六个分析案例中种植葡萄园的面积,葡萄种植者和酿酒厂的数量有所减少,但产量,销售量,特别是其经济价值却大幅增加。这可以解释近年来对差异化战略的取向,基于集体品牌的声誉,这被转化为市场上的产品。
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引用次数: 7
How do wine bloggers increase Twitter engagement? Through simple changes to their writing style 葡萄酒博主如何提高推特的参与度?通过对他们写作风格的简单改变
Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/09571264.2022.2081141
K. McMullan, Cai ‘Mitsu’ Feng, Anthony K. C. Chan
ABSTRACT Due to the unique nature of wine as a consumer product, wine bloggers and influencers have a high degree of influence among wine consumers. This has led to many wine aficionados and experts creating wine blogs. In order to build their followings and influence, these wine bloggers often need to drive engagement on their posts across multiple social media platforms. In this paper, we set out to find the factors that most increase Twitter engagement among wine bloggers. We describe a study that considers a sample of wine bloggers and using a textual analysis tool (LIWC), with the objective of identifying three key factors that can help wine bloggers increase engagement. The factors include avoiding full-text numbers and interrogatives and increasing the use of personal pronouns. We then conclude by discussing limitations and avenues for future research.
由于葡萄酒作为一种消费产品的独特性,葡萄酒博主和网红在葡萄酒消费者中具有很高的影响力。这导致许多葡萄酒爱好者和专家创建了葡萄酒博客。为了建立他们的追随者和影响力,这些葡萄酒博主通常需要在多个社交媒体平台上推动他们的帖子的参与。在本文中,我们着手寻找最能提高葡萄酒博主Twitter参与度的因素。我们描述了一项研究,该研究考虑了葡萄酒博主的样本,并使用文本分析工具(LIWC),目的是确定三个关键因素,可以帮助葡萄酒博主增加参与度。这些因素包括避免全文数字和疑问句以及增加人称代词的使用。最后,我们讨论了未来研究的局限性和途径。
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引用次数: 1
The relationships between the satisfaction, value for money and repurchase intent constructs in the context of wine tasting room 品酒室情境下的满意度、物有所值与回购意愿建构的关系
Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/09571264.2022.2081539
Matti J. Haverila, Jenny C. Twyford
ABSTRACT This study aims to examine the relationships customer centric measures in wine tasting rooms. Furthermore, moderating role of customer satisfaction in value for money and repurchase intent relationship was examined.The data were collected in wineries in British Columbia, Canada. Analysis was conducted using the partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). In order to test the moderating role of satisfaction, the respondents were divided into two groups of unsatisfied and satisfied customers. The multi-group analysis of PLS-SEM was used to detect possible heterogeneity.The findings show that there is a significant relationship between value for money and repurchase intent. A significant relationship between value for money and repurchase intent was also detected, when satisfaction as a dichotomous variable was present in the model. A moderating role of satisfaction was discovered, where the strength of the relationship between value for money and repurchase intent appeared to decrease with higher levels of satisfaction.This study provides an overview in the triangle relationships between value for money, customer satisfaction and repurchase intent, and how the dichotomous satisfaction construct moderates the value for money and repurchase intent relationship. Surprisingly, the moderating impact was found to be negative and at the same time significant.
摘要本研究旨在检验品酒室中以客户为中心的关系测量方法。此外,还考察了顾客满意度在物有所值和回购意向关系中的调节作用。这些数据是在加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省的酿酒厂收集的。使用偏最小二乘结构方程建模(PLS-SEM)进行分析。为了检验满意度的调节作用,受访者被分为不满意和满意两组。PLS-SEM的多组分析用于检测可能的异质性。研究结果表明,货币价值与回购意愿之间存在显著关系。当满意度作为二分变量存在于模型中时,货币价值和回购意图之间也存在显著关系。发现了满意度的调节作用,即货币价值和回购意愿之间的关系强度似乎随着满意度的提高而降低。本研究概述了物有所值、客户满意度和回购意向之间的三角关系,以及二分满意度结构如何调节物有所值和回购意向关系。令人惊讶的是,调节作用被发现是负面的,同时也是显著的。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Wine Research
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