The FASERν pilot detector observed the first neutrino interaction candidates at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), opening a new avenue for studying neutrinos from current and future high-energy colliders.
{"title":"First neutrino interaction candidates at Large Hadron Collider","authors":"T. Ariga","doi":"10.1051/epn/2022101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/epn/2022101","url":null,"abstract":"The FASERν pilot detector observed the first neutrino interaction candidates at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), opening a new avenue for studying neutrinos from current and future high-energy colliders.","PeriodicalId":52467,"journal":{"name":"Europhysics News","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86811767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Spin glasses are useless. Even the most imaginative physicists, submitted to grant pressure, could not find applications for these materials. Yet their study, triggered by pure intellectual interest, has created a formidable new branch of statistical physics distinguished this year by the Nobel prize attributed to Giorgio Parisi.
{"title":"Spin glasses and optimization in complex systems","authors":"M. Mézard","doi":"10.1051/epn/2022105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/epn/2022105","url":null,"abstract":"Spin glasses are useless. Even the most imaginative physicists, submitted to grant pressure, could not find applications for these materials. Yet their study, triggered by pure intellectual interest, has created a formidable new branch of statistical physics distinguished this year by the Nobel prize attributed to Giorgio Parisi.","PeriodicalId":52467,"journal":{"name":"Europhysics News","volume":"210 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75391820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Physics research contains two very different aspects–there is the fundamental research driven by curiosity, with the ultimate aim of understanding very small interacting systems, very large interacting systems, and the complex behaviour on intermediate scales, but there is also the applied side, where physics is applied to develop new technologies, new analysis methods and new concepts and insights that are useful for society. Read about it in Chapter 6 of the EPS Grand Challenges for Physics.
{"title":"Physics for secure and efficient societies","authors":"C. Beck, F. Barbato","doi":"10.1051/epn/2022506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/epn/2022506","url":null,"abstract":"Physics research contains two very different aspects–there is the fundamental research driven by curiosity, with the ultimate aim of understanding very small interacting systems, very large interacting systems, and the complex behaviour on intermediate scales, but there is also the applied side, where physics is applied to develop new technologies, new analysis methods and new concepts and insights that are useful for society. Read about it in Chapter 6 of the EPS Grand Challenges for Physics.","PeriodicalId":52467,"journal":{"name":"Europhysics News","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75471140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The mini-theme of this EPN issue is complex systems. It is also the subject of two special issues of EPJ-ST.
这个EPN问题的小主题是复杂的系统。它也是EPJ-ST两期特刊的主题。
{"title":"Two special issues","authors":"","doi":"10.1051/epn/2022102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/epn/2022102","url":null,"abstract":"The mini-theme of this EPN issue is complex systems. It is also the subject of two special issues of EPJ-ST.","PeriodicalId":52467,"journal":{"name":"Europhysics News","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72584657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Over the last years, a new platform for quantum technologies has emerged. It is based on arrays of single atoms arranged with almost arbitrary geometries, and made to interact by exciting them to Rydberg states. Compared with other platforms, such as trapped ions or superconducting qubits, atom arrays are quite competitive for applications such as quantum simulation of magnetism. We describe the experimental methods used in this field, and illustrate recent applications.
{"title":"Quantum simulation and computing with arrays of single Rydberg atoms","authors":"T. Lahaye, D. Barredo","doi":"10.1051/epn/2022406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/epn/2022406","url":null,"abstract":"Over the last years, a new platform for quantum technologies has emerged. It is based on arrays of single atoms arranged with almost arbitrary geometries, and made to interact by exciting them to Rydberg states. Compared with other platforms, such as trapped ions or superconducting qubits, atom arrays are quite competitive for applications such as quantum simulation of magnetism. We describe the experimental methods used in this field, and illustrate recent applications.","PeriodicalId":52467,"journal":{"name":"Europhysics News","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72613747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The fundamental research on the physics of elementary particles and nature's fundamental forces led to numerous spin-offs and has tremendously helped human well-being and health. This is the subject of Chapter 4 of the EPS Challenges for Physics.
{"title":"Physics for health","authors":"R. Assmann, G. Cerullo, F. Ritort","doi":"10.1051/epn/2022504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/epn/2022504","url":null,"abstract":"The fundamental research on the physics of elementary particles and nature's fundamental forces led to numerous spin-offs and has tremendously helped human well-being and health. This is the subject of Chapter 4 of the EPS Challenges for Physics.","PeriodicalId":52467,"journal":{"name":"Europhysics News","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83968580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thanks to its spatial and temporal coherence properties, laser light lends itself to a wealth of biomedical applications. We review the use of lasers in medical sciences, from microscopy for understanding the origin of diseases, to diagnostics for enhancing the accuracy of therapies to surgery of almost any organ of the human body.
{"title":"Lasers for health","authors":"G. Cerullo, R. Vanna","doi":"10.1051/epn/2022305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/epn/2022305","url":null,"abstract":"Thanks to its spatial and temporal coherence properties, laser light lends itself to a wealth of biomedical applications. We review the use of lasers in medical sciences, from microscopy for understanding the origin of diseases, to diagnostics for enhancing the accuracy of therapies to surgery of almost any organ of the human body.","PeriodicalId":52467,"journal":{"name":"Europhysics News","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82775534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
There has been considerable recent progress in discovering and understanding quantum phases and fluctuations produced by strong correlations. Heavy fermion systems are an ideal platform for systematic studies because low and competing energy scales make them highly tunable. As such the phases (faces) of strong correlations transform continuously into one another.
{"title":"The many faces (phases) of strong correlations","authors":"S. Paschen, Q. Si","doi":"10.1051/epn/2021407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/epn/2021407","url":null,"abstract":"There has been considerable recent progress in discovering and understanding quantum phases and fluctuations produced by strong correlations. Heavy fermion systems are an ideal platform for systematic studies because low and competing energy scales make them highly tunable. As such the phases (faces) of strong correlations transform continuously into one another.","PeriodicalId":52467,"journal":{"name":"Europhysics News","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85256112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
They are out there in the sky in huge numbers. They are the most astonishing objects in the universe. Their existence was predicted and understood before we detected them. They behave precisely as the theory predicted. Yet, we do not know what happens at their center, nor in their future. But this confusion is our key towards what we most lack in fundamental physics: understanding quantum gravity.
{"title":"Black holes","authors":"C. Rovelli","doi":"10.1051/epn/2021102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/epn/2021102","url":null,"abstract":"They are out there in the sky in huge numbers. They are the most astonishing objects in the universe. Their existence was predicted and understood before we detected them. They behave precisely as the theory predicted. Yet, we do not know what happens at their center, nor in their future. But this confusion is our key towards what we most lack in fundamental physics: understanding quantum gravity.","PeriodicalId":52467,"journal":{"name":"Europhysics News","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78372129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The potential to measure small energy transfers with very high energy resolutions motivated the development of cryogenic detectors to search for dark matter in the universe, the neutrino mass, neutrinoless double beta decay, and new phenomena in astrophysics. Other fields like material and life sciences also benefited from these developments.
{"title":"Cryogenic detectors\u0000exploring new phenomena in physics and astrophysics","authors":"K. Pretzl","doi":"10.1051/epn/2021303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/epn/2021303","url":null,"abstract":"The potential to measure small energy transfers with very high energy resolutions motivated the development of cryogenic detectors to search for dark matter in the universe, the neutrino mass, neutrinoless double beta decay, and new phenomena in astrophysics. Other fields like material and life sciences also benefited from these developments.","PeriodicalId":52467,"journal":{"name":"Europhysics News","volume":"1998 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82517015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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