Pub Date : 2021-12-29DOI: 10.3897/silvabalcanica.22.e77816
M. Bozhilova
Galium odoratum (L.) is a medicinal plant with a number of health benefits, used in traditional and modern medicine. The toxicity of the coumarin in Galium odoratum is classified as high, however, no experimental data or data on toxic effects in humans following intake of Galium odoratum are available. The potential toxic effect can be estimated based on the content of coumarin and knowledge of its toxicity. The aim of the current study is to evaluate the acute toxicity effects of a range of concentrations of Galium odoratum water extract on Moina macrocopa and calculate the LC50 within 24 hours. In order to compare the toxicity with those of other, well-known and widely used medicinal plants, extracts of Matricaria chamomilla and Tribulus terrestris are also tested. The results show that LC50 value of Galium odoratum is comparable with those of Matricaria chamomilla and Tribulus terrestris, and Galium odoratum has intermediate toxicity between the two other studied species.
{"title":"Acute toxicity of Galium odoratum to the freshwater cladoceran Moina macrocopa","authors":"M. Bozhilova","doi":"10.3897/silvabalcanica.22.e77816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/silvabalcanica.22.e77816","url":null,"abstract":"Galium odoratum (L.) is a medicinal plant with a number of health benefits, used in traditional and modern medicine. The toxicity of the coumarin in Galium odoratum is classified as high, however, no experimental data or data on toxic effects in humans following intake of Galium odoratum are available. The potential toxic effect can be estimated based on the content of coumarin and knowledge of its toxicity.\u0000 The aim of the current study is to evaluate the acute toxicity effects of a range of concentrations of Galium odoratum water extract on Moina macrocopa and calculate the LC50 within 24 hours. In order to compare the toxicity with those of other, well-known and widely used medicinal plants, extracts of Matricaria chamomilla and Tribulus terrestris are also tested. \u0000 The results show that LC50 value of Galium odoratum is comparable with those of Matricaria chamomilla and Tribulus terrestris, and Galium odoratum has intermediate toxicity between the two other studied species. ","PeriodicalId":52662,"journal":{"name":"Silva Balcanica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43279122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-28DOI: 10.3897/silvabalcanica.22.e66704
R. Ilieva, R. Yaneva, M. Zhiyanski, E. Abakumov
Under the global climatic changes and anthropogenic impacts on the environment, information about characteristics and specific features of soils in remote regions as Antarctica is valuable and could be used as references. This study focuses on the analyses of original data about the physico-chemical composition and micromorphological structure of Cryosols, collected in 2019 from the sampling area of the Bulgarian Antarctic Base “St. Kl. Ohridski” located on Livingston Island, Antarctica. The studied Cryosols are moderately acidic with slow and incomplete transformation of organic residues. The organic carbon content is low, except for soils formed under the influence of an ornithogenic factor. The mezo- and micromorphological observations show a predominance of the mineral phase, weakly affected by weathering processes. Many soil pores and voids are observed, which facilitates water-air and intra-soil exchange during the short Antarctic summer. The analyses showed an evidence for the connection of the processes of soil formation of Cryosols in the region with the pulsating degradation of the glaciers.
{"title":"Morphological and physico-chemical properties of Cryosoils in the Bulgarian antarctic base on Livingston island, Antarctica","authors":"R. Ilieva, R. Yaneva, M. Zhiyanski, E. Abakumov","doi":"10.3897/silvabalcanica.22.e66704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/silvabalcanica.22.e66704","url":null,"abstract":"Under the global climatic changes and anthropogenic impacts on the environment, information about characteristics and specific features of soils in remote regions as Antarctica is valuable and could be used as references. This study focuses on the analyses of original data about the physico-chemical composition and micromorphological structure of Cryosols, collected in 2019 from the sampling area of the Bulgarian Antarctic Base “St. Kl. Ohridski” located on Livingston Island, Antarctica. The studied Cryosols are moderately acidic with slow and incomplete transformation of organic residues. The organic carbon content is low, except for soils formed under the influence of an ornithogenic factor. The mezo- and micromorphological observations show a predominance of the mineral phase, weakly affected by weathering processes. Many soil pores and voids are observed, which facilitates water-air and intra-soil exchange during the short Antarctic summer. The analyses showed an evidence for the connection of the processes of soil formation of Cryosols in the region with the pulsating degradation of the glaciers.","PeriodicalId":52662,"journal":{"name":"Silva Balcanica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47585469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-21DOI: 10.3897/silvabalcanica.22.e76231
A. Nagy, Kálmán Szanyi, T. Szalárdi, Szabolcs Szanyi
Oak lace bug (Corythucha arcuata) has continuously spread through Europe since its appearance in 2000, and it has become a dangerous pest of Quercus species in most countries. Despite of its high abundance in the surrounding countries it was found in West Ukraine only in 2020. During our investigation carried out in 2020 OLB was detected in all studied large forest patches of the Ukrainian part of the Carpathian Lowland. These were one of the newest distribution data from Ukraine after its appearance in the far coast of Black See near Yalta (South Ukraine). OLB most live on Q. robur and Q. petraea but in an orchard located near an infested forest patch we found infested sweet cherry (P. avium) trees, which is a new, formerly not mentioned cultivated host of the pest.
{"title":"First record, new cultivated host and host plant preference of the invasive oak lace bug (Corythucha arcuata Say, 1832) (Heteroptera: Tingidae) in Transcarpathia (West Ukraine)","authors":"A. Nagy, Kálmán Szanyi, T. Szalárdi, Szabolcs Szanyi","doi":"10.3897/silvabalcanica.22.e76231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/silvabalcanica.22.e76231","url":null,"abstract":"Oak lace bug (Corythucha arcuata) has continuously spread through Europe since its appearance in 2000, and it has become a dangerous pest of Quercus species in most countries. Despite of its high abundance in the surrounding countries it was found in West Ukraine only in 2020. During our investigation carried out in 2020 OLB was detected in all studied large forest patches of the Ukrainian part of the Carpathian Lowland. These were one of the newest distribution data from Ukraine after its appearance in the far coast of Black See near Yalta (South Ukraine). OLB most live on Q. robur and Q. petraea but in an orchard located near an infested forest patch we found infested sweet cherry (P. avium) trees, which is a new, formerly not mentioned cultivated host of the pest.","PeriodicalId":52662,"journal":{"name":"Silva Balcanica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44351166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-16DOI: 10.3897/silvabalcanica.22.e75511
M. Bozhilova, M. Zhiyanski, B. Stojanova, Plamen Glogov
Green roofs are used worldwide to mitigate the impacts of extensive urbanization, bringing benefits on social, economic, and environmental levels. In order to promote and facilitate the construction of green roofs by private investors, many countries have developed specific legislative requirements and incentives. However, there still are countries where the construction of green roofs is not properly addressed in the legislation, and where no incentive mechanisms are developed. The good practices in three European countries, leaders in regards to the implementation of green roofs – the Netherlands, Belgium, and Germany, are analyzed in this article. A variety of incentives is introduced to accelerate the construction of green roofs. Different requirements are also set to ensure that the roofs will be designed and maintained to provide the desired benefits. The existing local regulations in Bulgaria and North Macedonia were analyzed as well. The only incentive in Bulgaria is the possibility of reducing the legally required green area by compensating it with a green roof. In North Macedonia, no legislative documents or incentives related to green roofs were found. The regulations, applied in the Netherlands, Belgium, Germany, and other countries can be used as good practice examples, modified, and applied from the authorities of countries that still have not developed their own, in order to motivate the investors and facilitate the construction of green roofs.
{"title":"Green roofs – good regulatory practices with potential to be applied in Bulgaria and North Macedonia","authors":"M. Bozhilova, M. Zhiyanski, B. Stojanova, Plamen Glogov","doi":"10.3897/silvabalcanica.22.e75511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/silvabalcanica.22.e75511","url":null,"abstract":"Green roofs are used worldwide to mitigate the impacts of extensive urbanization, bringing benefits on social, economic, and environmental levels. In order to promote and facilitate the construction of green roofs by private investors, many countries have developed specific legislative requirements and incentives. However, there still are countries where the construction of green roofs is not properly addressed in the legislation, and where no incentive mechanisms are developed. \u0000 The good practices in three European countries, leaders in regards to the implementation of green roofs – the Netherlands, Belgium, and Germany, are analyzed in this article. A variety of incentives is introduced to accelerate the construction of green roofs. Different requirements are also set to ensure that the roofs will be designed and maintained to provide the desired benefits. The existing local regulations in Bulgaria and North Macedonia were analyzed as well. The only incentive in Bulgaria is the possibility of reducing the legally required green area by compensating it with a green roof. In North Macedonia, no legislative documents or incentives related to green roofs were found.\u0000 The regulations, applied in the Netherlands, Belgium, Germany, and other countries can be used as good practice examples, modified, and applied from the authorities of countries that still have not developed their own, in order to motivate the investors and facilitate the construction of green roofs.","PeriodicalId":52662,"journal":{"name":"Silva Balcanica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45991413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-14DOI: 10.3897/silvabalcanica.22.e78600
G. Georgiev, P. Mirchev, M. Georgieva, M. Kechev, Sevdalin Belilov, M. Matova, Vyara Petrova, Petya Mateva, Maria Kirilova, Ilian Mutafchiiski
In 2021, biological control programme against gipsy moth (Lymantria dispar) populations was carried out by introduction of the entomopathogenic fungus Entomophaga maimaiga on the territory of four State Forest Enterprises: Municipal Enterprise (ME) ‘Management of Municipal Forests, Agriculture and Forestry’, Nessebar; State Game Enterprises (SGE) Nessebar and Balchik; State Forestry (SF) Vidin. The pathogen was introduced during the period 15-26.03.2021 in 34 localities - five in ME Nessebar, eight in SGE Nessebar, ten in SGE Balchik and eleven in SF Vidin. The average number of gypsy moth population density in the locations of introduction was relatively high, ranging between 0.4-15.9 egg mass/tree in the area of SGE Balchik and 11.9-65.0 egg mass/tree in the area of ME Nessebar. The average mortality of young gypsy moth caterpillars (first-third instar) due to E. maimaiga varied between 2.6% (SGE Balchik) and 13.0% (SF Vidin), and of caterpillars in later fourth-sixth instar - between 20.7% (SF Vidin) and 52.4% (ME Nessebar). The overall mortality of the gipsy moth caterpillars due to E. maimaiga was lowest in the region of SGE Balchik (26.1%), followed by SF Vidin (33.7%), SGE Nessebar (48.5%) and ME Nessebar (55.9%). As a result of the introduction, gipsy moth severe outbreaks in the region of Nessebar was significantly suppressed. The high number of E. maimaiga resting spores persists in the surface layers of the soil in the other two areas (Vidin and Balchik) has the potential to suppress L. dispar attacks in next years.
{"title":"Biological control of gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) by the entomopathogenic fungus Entomophaga maimaiga in Bulgaria in 2021","authors":"G. Georgiev, P. Mirchev, M. Georgieva, M. Kechev, Sevdalin Belilov, M. Matova, Vyara Petrova, Petya Mateva, Maria Kirilova, Ilian Mutafchiiski","doi":"10.3897/silvabalcanica.22.e78600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/silvabalcanica.22.e78600","url":null,"abstract":"In 2021, biological control programme against gipsy moth (Lymantria dispar) populations was carried out by introduction of the entomopathogenic fungus Entomophaga maimaiga on the territory of four State Forest Enterprises: Municipal Enterprise (ME) ‘Management of Municipal Forests, Agriculture and Forestry’, Nessebar; State Game Enterprises (SGE) Nessebar and Balchik; State Forestry (SF) Vidin. The pathogen was introduced during the period 15-26.03.2021 in 34 localities - five in ME Nessebar, eight in SGE Nessebar, ten in SGE Balchik and eleven in SF Vidin. The average number of gypsy moth population density in the locations of introduction was relatively high, ranging between 0.4-15.9 egg mass/tree in the area of SGE Balchik and 11.9-65.0 egg mass/tree in the area of ME Nessebar. The average mortality of young gypsy moth caterpillars (first-third instar) due to E. maimaiga varied between 2.6% (SGE Balchik) and 13.0% (SF Vidin), and of caterpillars in later fourth-sixth instar - between 20.7% (SF Vidin) and 52.4% (ME Nessebar). The overall mortality of the gipsy moth caterpillars due to E. maimaiga was lowest in the region of SGE Balchik (26.1%), followed by SF Vidin (33.7%), SGE Nessebar (48.5%) and ME Nessebar (55.9%). As a result of the introduction, gipsy moth severe outbreaks in the region of Nessebar was significantly suppressed. The high number of E. maimaiga resting spores persists in the surface layers of the soil in the other two areas (Vidin and Balchik) has the potential to suppress L. dispar attacks in next years.","PeriodicalId":52662,"journal":{"name":"Silva Balcanica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45341927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-10DOI: 10.3897/silvabalcanica.22.e77434
V. Sakalian, E. Migliaccio, Victor Gashtarov, D. Doychev, G. Georgiev
Data about the distribution and host plants of 47 species group taxa from subfamily Buprestinae are presented. In this study, three localities of Anthaxia (Anthaxia) suzannae were reported for the first time in Bulgaria. In addition, Paliurus spina-christi was established as a new host plant for Chrysobothris leonhardi.
{"title":"New data on the distribution and host plants of subfamily Buprestinae (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) in Bulgaria","authors":"V. Sakalian, E. Migliaccio, Victor Gashtarov, D. Doychev, G. Georgiev","doi":"10.3897/silvabalcanica.22.e77434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/silvabalcanica.22.e77434","url":null,"abstract":"Data about the distribution and host plants of 47 species group taxa from subfamily Buprestinae are presented. In this study, three localities of Anthaxia (Anthaxia) suzannae were reported for the first time in Bulgaria. In addition, Paliurus spina-christi was established as a new host plant for Chrysobothris leonhardi.","PeriodicalId":52662,"journal":{"name":"Silva Balcanica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48410797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-19DOI: 10.3897/silvabalcanica.22.e77233
M. Georgieva, G. Georgiev, P. Mirchev, G. Zaemdzhikova, D. Doychev, S. Bencheva, N. Zafirov, S. Dimitrov, Martin Iliev, Vladislav Trenkin
AbstractAssessment and monitoring of health status in deteriorated forest stands in Gornata Koria and Chuprene Reserves in Western Balkan Range (Bulgaria) were conducted in 2017. An integrated approach (based on remote sensing technologies and terrestrial validation) was applied. A series of subsequent terrain observations were carried out in both protected areas mainly in dead or in poor health status stands. As a result, sixteen insect species were identified in Gornata Koria and nine pests in Chuprene Reserves. The predominant number of pests included bark beetles and weevils (Curculionidae), longhorn beetles (Cerambycidae), etc. Attacks caused by the European bark beetle (Ips typographus) formed the main disturbance in the Norway spruce forests in both reserves. Ten parasitic and ten saprophytic fungi were identified in the stands of the Norway spruce (Picea abies), silver fir (Abies alba) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica). Among the parasitic fungi, six species were identified as destructive (Armillaria sp., Heterobasidion annosum, Fomitopsis pinicola, Fomes fomentarius, Ramaria flava and Pholiota squarrosa).
{"title":"Biotic factors damaging forest stands in Gornata Koria and Chuprene Reserves in Western Balkan Range, Bulgaria","authors":"M. Georgieva, G. Georgiev, P. Mirchev, G. Zaemdzhikova, D. Doychev, S. Bencheva, N. Zafirov, S. Dimitrov, Martin Iliev, Vladislav Trenkin","doi":"10.3897/silvabalcanica.22.e77233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/silvabalcanica.22.e77233","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractAssessment and monitoring of health status in deteriorated forest stands in Gornata Koria and Chuprene Reserves in Western Balkan Range (Bulgaria) were conducted in 2017. An integrated approach (based on remote sensing technologies and terrestrial validation) was applied. A series of subsequent terrain observations were carried out in both protected areas mainly in dead or in poor health status stands. As a result, sixteen insect species were identified in Gornata Koria and nine pests in Chuprene Reserves. The predominant number of pests included bark beetles and weevils (Curculionidae), longhorn beetles (Cerambycidae), etc. Attacks caused by the European bark beetle (Ips typographus) formed the main disturbance in the Norway spruce forests in both reserves. Ten parasitic and ten saprophytic fungi were identified in the stands of the Norway spruce (Picea abies), silver fir (Abies alba) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica). Among the parasitic fungi, six species were identified as destructive (Armillaria sp., Heterobasidion annosum, Fomitopsis pinicola, Fomes fomentarius, Ramaria flava and Pholiota squarrosa).","PeriodicalId":52662,"journal":{"name":"Silva Balcanica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45074071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-20DOI: 10.3897/silvabalcanica.22.e69240
M. Ghaffariyan
Loading is considered a bottleneck of the forest harvesting system as it acts as a connection between primary transport and secondary transport (from roadside/ landing to mills or central yards). Any delay during the loading component can cause delay in the primary wood extraction and/ or secondary transportation. This article reviewed the current knowledge on loading productivity studies. Based on the results, the main variables impacting the loading productivity include log size, log lengths, load volume per truck, number of logs (or pieces) per truck and number of safety straps. The productivity of loading operations ranged from 3.4 m3/PMH0 in a manual loading to 168.9 m3/PMH0 using mechanised loaders. The results of this review can assist the academic and industrial users for predicting, controlling and managing the productivity of loading operations.
{"title":"Predicting productivity of timber loading operations: a literature review","authors":"M. Ghaffariyan","doi":"10.3897/silvabalcanica.22.e69240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/silvabalcanica.22.e69240","url":null,"abstract":"Loading is considered a bottleneck of the forest harvesting system as it acts as a connection between primary transport and secondary transport (from roadside/ landing to mills or central yards). Any delay during the loading component can cause delay in the primary wood extraction and/ or secondary transportation. This article reviewed the current knowledge on loading productivity studies. Based on the results, the main variables impacting the loading productivity include log size, log lengths, load volume per truck, number of logs (or pieces) per truck and number of safety straps. The productivity of loading operations ranged from 3.4 m3/PMH0 in a manual loading to 168.9 m3/PMH0 using mechanised loaders. The results of this review can assist the academic and industrial users for predicting, controlling and managing the productivity of loading operations. ","PeriodicalId":52662,"journal":{"name":"Silva Balcanica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47019381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-20DOI: 10.3897/silvabalcanica.22.e73436
Sevdalin Belilov, G. Georgiev, P. Mirchev, M. Georgieva
In 2020 and 2021, three species of bark beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) were established on Macedonian pine (Pinus peuce) in the region of Vihren hut in Pirin Mts. Branches, damaged by snow were collected and studied in laboratory conditions. As a result, 24 specimens of Ips amitinus were reared in 2020 and 81 specimens of I. amitinus, Crypturgus pusillus and Pityogenes chalcographus in 2021. The most abundant species was I. amitinus with 75.2%, followed by P. chalcographus (21.9%) and C. pusillus (2.9%).
{"title":"Three species of bark beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) on Pinus peuce in Pirin Mountains in Bulgaria","authors":"Sevdalin Belilov, G. Georgiev, P. Mirchev, M. Georgieva","doi":"10.3897/silvabalcanica.22.e73436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/silvabalcanica.22.e73436","url":null,"abstract":"In 2020 and 2021, three species of bark beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) were established on Macedonian pine (Pinus peuce) in the region of Vihren hut in Pirin Mts. Branches, damaged by snow were collected and studied in laboratory conditions. As a result, 24 specimens of Ips amitinus were reared in 2020 and 81 specimens of I. amitinus, Crypturgus pusillus and Pityogenes chalcographus in 2021. The most abundant species was I. amitinus with 75.2%, followed by P. chalcographus (21.9%) and C. pusillus (2.9%).","PeriodicalId":52662,"journal":{"name":"Silva Balcanica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44099521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-20DOI: 10.3897/silvabalcanica.22.e74151
V. Sakalian, E. Migliaccio, Victor Gashtarov, D. Doychev, G. Georgiev
Data on the distribution of 13 species group taxa of subfamily Polycestinae in Bulgaria are presented. Taxonomic notes about two species, Acmaeodera (Acmaeotethya) octodecimguttata and Acmaeodera (Acmaeotethya) degener, which allow their differentiation, are also given.
{"title":"New data on the taxonomy and distribution of subfamily Polycestinae (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) in Bulgaria","authors":"V. Sakalian, E. Migliaccio, Victor Gashtarov, D. Doychev, G. Georgiev","doi":"10.3897/silvabalcanica.22.e74151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/silvabalcanica.22.e74151","url":null,"abstract":"Data on the distribution of 13 species group taxa of subfamily Polycestinae in Bulgaria are presented. Taxonomic notes about two species, Acmaeodera (Acmaeotethya) octodecimguttata and Acmaeodera (Acmaeotethya) degener, which allow their differentiation, are also given.","PeriodicalId":52662,"journal":{"name":"Silva Balcanica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48227470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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